Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide apparatuses and methods that help validate and process payment instruments for different products, such as but not limited to credit card payments, mortgage payments, or any other type of payment. The payment amount from a payment instrument may be determined from a multiple locations on the payment instrument. In addition, a payment amount may be determined from a remittance document that accompanies the payment instrument, such as a remittance coupon that is mailed along with a check. The amount in the remittance courtesy box, the minimum amount due, the last payment made, and the full balance remaining may all be captured and used to validate the amount on the payment instrument. Moreover, one or more confidence scores for the amounts on the payment instrument and remittance document may be used to validate the payment amount.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods obtain data in a first modality; propagate the data in the first modality through a neural network, thereby generating network outputs, wherein the neural network includes a first-stage neural network and a second-stage neural network, wherein the first-stage neural network includes two or more layers, wherein each layer of the two or more layers of the first-stage neural network includes a plurality of respective nodes, wherein the second-stage neural network includes two or more layers, one of which is an input layer and one of which is an output layer, and wherein each node in each layer of the first-stage neural network is connected to the input layer of the second-stage neural network; calculate a gradient of a loss function based on the network outputs; backpropagate the gradient through the neural network; and update the neural network based on the backpropagation of the gradient.

Abstract: A system implemented on an augmented reality electronic device includes scanning an item using the augmented reality device. Financial information is obtained from the scanned item. The financial information and an indication of user authentication are sent to a server computer. A confirmation is displayed on the augmented reality device that a financial transaction using the financial information has been completed.

Abstract: A method for identifying an object within a video sequence, wherein the video sequence comprises a sequence of images, wherein the method comprises, for each of one or more images of the sequence of images: using a first neural network to determine whether or not an object of a predetermined type is depicted within the image; and in response to the first neural network determining that an object of the predetermined type is depicted within the image, using an ensemble of second neural networks to identify the object determined as being depicted within the image.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transferring money to a bank account are provided. Transactional information, which includes information on a bank account that is to receive the money, may be transmitted to a host computer system from a point of sale device. The transaction information may be stored at the host computer system. At least some of the transaction information may be sent to an intermediary computer system that is configured to interact with a plurality of banking networks in different countries. The intermediary computer system may also determine which one of the banking networks is associated with the bank account that is to receive the money. A request may be transmitted from the intermediary computer network to a local banking network and includes information on the bank account that is to receive the money and an amount of money to deposit. The bank account may then be credited.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide apparatuses and methods that help validate and process payment instruments for different products, such as but not limited to credit card payments, mortgage payments, or any other type of payment. The payment amount from a payment instrument may be determined from a multiple locations on the payment instrument. In addition, a payment amount may be determined from a remittance document that accompanies the payment instrument, such as a remittance coupon that is mailed along with a check. The amount in the remittance courtesy box, the minimum amount due, the last payment made, and the full balance remaining may all be captured and used to validate the amount on the payment instrument. Moreover, one or more confidence scores for the amounts on the payment instrument and remittance document may be used to validate the payment amount.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system and method for recognizing the credit card number and expiration date of a credit card using a terminal device. More specifically, the method may include the steps of (a) obtaining an image of the card through a camera, (b) performing position detection and number recognition on card numbers within the image obtained at the step (a), and (c) performs position detection and number recognition on expiration date numbers within the image obtained at the step (a). In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a recognition rate can be improved compared to an image processing-based technology.

Abstract: A price check system may receive a vehicle identification number (VIN) or determine the VIN via an image from a mobile price check application. The price check system may determine if build data is available for a vehicle associated with the VIN and, if build data is available for the vehicle, determine one or more prices for the vehicle based on the build data and provide same to the mobile price check application. If build data is not available for the vehicle, the price check system may prepare and send a request to the mobile price check application to obtain configuration information on the vehicle from a user of the mobile price check application. The price check system may then determine one or more prices for the vehicle based on the configuration information and provide same to the mobile price check application in real time or substantially real time.

Abstract: A customer service document with an electrical data storage device is provided to deliver customer service information in a secured manner. The data storage device is attached to the customer service document and configured to contain information to be transferred to a customer's data reading device via short-range communication once the data reading device is authenticated. The transferred information can be used by the data reading device in various applications without identity theft concerns.

Abstract: Provided are techniques for dynamically mapping zones. For a file and a field, while receiving text characters, possible terms for the text characters are provided by querying an index. In response to receiving selection of a possible term from the possible terms, each occurrence and position of the selected term in the file is determined. In response to selection of an occurrence and position of the selected term, the file is marked to identify the selected occurrence at the position in the file. The selected term and the position are associated with the field for any other files that match a type of the file.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for client-side deposit packaging compliance are provided. Apparatus and methods may include deploying a uniform reporting format for clients, banks, armored couriers and vaults. The uniform reporting format may be a XML data feed. The XML data feed may provide for reporting of condition codes associated with a deposit. The condition codes may correspond to one or more attributes of a deposit packaged by a client. The condition codes may be submitted by the client. The condition codes may be verified when a deposit is processed by a vault. Illustrative condition codes may correspond to: armored courier ID, envelope status, counterfeit status. The XML data feed may utilize dynamic online, rule-based forms for clients, banks, armored couriers and vaults.

Abstract: Method and system for recognizing a numeric or alphanumeric sequence of characters in a document, the sequence conforming to predetermined rules and representing user identifiers for identifying users in a communication system include identifying a country of origin of the document, recalling rules relating to the format of the sequence associated with the determined country of origin, searching the document to identify any sequence in the document satisfying the format and returning any such sequence.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods and media for deriving a transaction record based on handwritten check content. The apparatus may include, and the methods and media may involve, a receiver device that is configured to receive a check image. The apparatus may include, and the methods and media may involve, a processor device. The processor device may be configured to define a check segment within the check image; translate content from the segment from handwriting to estimated block text; and store the block text in a transaction record in machine readable memory. The apparatus may include, and the methods and media may involve, a transmitter that is configured to transmit the block text to a financial institution product engine.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for assessing whether mobile deposit processing engines meet specified standards for mobile deposit of financial documents. A mobile deposit processing engine (MDE) is evaluated to determine if it can perform technical capabilities for improving the quality of and extracting content from an image of a financial document. A verification process then begins, where the MDE performs the image quality enhancements and text extraction steps on sets of images from a test deck. The results of the processing of the test deck are then evaluated by comparing confidence levels with thresholds to determine if each set of images should be accepted or rejected. Further analysis determines whether any of the sets of images were falsely accepted or rejected in error. An overall error rate is then compared with minimum accuracy criteria, and if the criteria are met, the MDE meets the standard for mobile deposit.

Abstract: Currency bills are transported past an image scanner to one or more output receptacles. Each of the bills is imaged to produce image data from which a visually readable image of each bill can be reproduced. The serial number, denomination, and/or secondary identifiers of a bill is attempted to be extracted and/or determined from the image data associated with the bill. The serial number of the bill has an integer number, X, of characters. One or more of the X characters of the serial number of the currency bill is not extracted with a predetermined confidence. In response to failing to extract all of the X characters of the serial number of the bill with the predetermined confidence, a serial number field in an electronic record associated with the bill is populated with a serial number snippet image. The electronic record is stored in a non-transitory memory.

Abstract: An input receptacle receives currency bills and checks. A transport mechanism transports the bills and checks along a transport path to an output receptacle. An image scanner, adjacent the transport path, is configured to generate one or more electrical signals from which image data can be derived. The image data is reproducible as a visually readable image of at least a portion of each of the plurality of documents. A controller is configured to determine a denomination of each of the currency bills. In response to the controller not determining a denomination of one of the currency bills, the controller flags the currency bill as a no-call document by causing at least a portion of the image data to be displayed as a visually readable image of the flagged currency bill on the display.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining check information. According to one or more embodiments, a method may include accessing, by a computer including one or more processors, a video recording of a check. The method may also include determining, based at least in part on the video recording, a plurality of video frames associated with the check. Furthermore, the method may include generating respective optical character recognition (OCR) data associated with the plurality of video frames. Additionally, the method may include determining, based at least in part on the respective OCR data, respective scores associated with the plurality of video frames.

Abstract: Currency bills are transported past an image scanner to one or more output receptacles. Each of the bills is imaged to produce image data from which a visually readable image of each bill can be reproduced. The serial number, denomination, and/or secondary identifiers of a bill is attempted to be extracted and/or determined from the image data associated with the bill. The serial number of the bill has an integer number, X, of characters. One or more of the X characters of the serial number of the currency bill is not extracted with a predetermined confidence. In response to failing to extract all of the X characters of the serial number of the bill with the predetermined confidence, a serial number field in an electronic record associated with the bill is populated with a serial number snippet image. The electronic record is stored in a non-transitory memory.

Abstract: A system and method is presented for assembling information contained within a financial instrument for subsequent verification of the financial instrument, wherein the financial instrument includes an identifier corresponding to a payee of the financial instrument. An imaging device, such as, for example, a mobile phone or the like, is used to obtain an image of the financial instrument prior to the financial instrument being transferred to the payee. Information is extracted from the image of the financial instrument, and the information is transferred to a storage area that is separate and remote from the imaging device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to systems, computer-implemented methods, and computer program products for capturing elements of a negotiable instrument and generating a thumbnail image of the negotiable instrument for use in image recreation. In some embodiments, a method is provided that includes: (a) receiving an image of the negotiable instrument, wherein the image of the negotiable instrument comprises one or more elements that are used for processing the negotiable instrument; (b) capturing, using the image capture device, images of one or more elements of the negotiable instrument; (c) generating a thumbnail image of the negotiable instrument based at least partially on an image of the negotiable instrument; and (d) storing the images of the one or more elements of the negotiable instrument and the thumbnail image of the negotiable instrument in the database.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to methods, apparatus systems and computer program products that provide for using real-time video analysis for recognizing financial document images by capturing a real-time video stream using a mobile device, wherein the video stream features one or more financial documents, analyzing and correlating the images in the real-time video stream to the images necessary to process the financial document, providing notice to a user of additional images needed to process the financial document and communicating the information associated with the financial document to a financial institution to complete a transaction once sufficient images of the financial document have been captured to process the financial document.

Abstract: Embodiments of a computer system, a method and a computer-program product (e.g., software) for use with the computer system are described. These embodiments allow a user to provide an image of a document for use with software, such as an image of a financial document for use with financial software. In particular, the user can provide the image of the document, for example, by taking a picture of the document using a cellular telephone. This image may be converted into an electronic format that is suitable for text and numerical processing using a character-recognition technique, such as optical character recognition or intelligent character recognition. Errors in the electronic version of the document, if present, may be identified and corrected by comparing the electronic version to information maintained by a third party. This information may be accessed based at least on one or more items in the electronic version of the document.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for processing one or more images, e.g., images representing pages including text, to detect and in some instances correct the orientation of the page. In some embodiments the methods and apparatus for processing image data comprise generating a histogram of foreground pixel counts corresponding to a current line of text of the image being processed with the foreground pixel counts corresponding to different rows of pixels corresponding to the current line of text and identifying based on statistical analysis of the generated histogram whether the current page of text is oriented in an inverted or non-inverted position. In some embodiments analysis is performed on multiple lines of text with cumulative statistics being used in to determine the orientation of the page. In some embodiments, a page whose orientation is determined to be upside down is re-oriented to be right-side up.

Abstract: A system or apparatus employing a multi-functional scanner and software running upon a computing device for capturing payment or donation data from indicia positioned upon scanned documents tendered with donations or payments and optionally, subsequent total compilation and entry of thereof directly into accounting software.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to a system that recognizes a personal object in an image and facilitates providing a related financial service. During operation, the system receives an image of an object associated with a user, where the image includes environmental features associated with the user. Next, the system extracts content from the image by processing the image (and the included environmental features) using an image-processing technique. The system then associates the extracted content with information in a pre-existing data structure, where the pre-existing data structure includes financial information associated with the object. Next, the system facilitates a financial service associated with the object based on the information. For example, the system may generate an insurance appraisal for the object based on the information.

Abstract: A binarization device for payment or accounting documents including sensitive data located in respective data window provides a primary binarized document file of the document; a memory stores identification files including identifying images and location information associated to given types of documents; the data window can be identified and localized as comparison with the identification files of the memory; the contribution of the background is subtracted from the window file, the window file is binarized and filtered for spurious pixels obtaining a binarized window file; the binarized document file and the binarized window file are merged to provide the binarized window file in the data window; the evidence of the significant pixel is obtained by sequential analysis on groups of pixels, applying morphological expansion operators on each group of pixels and following erosion of said group of pixels.

Abstract: A Universal Positive Pay Database (UPPD) method, system and/or computer useable medium to reduce financial transaction fraud. A UPPD database is configured to store thereon transaction records associated with financial transactions corresponding to customers of the UPPD database. A particular financial transaction is initiated between a payer and a payee by providing parameters associated with the financial transaction to the UPPD database. An issue File is provided to the UPPD database that includes parameters associated with the particular financial transaction. A correspondence determination is made between the financial transaction parameters from the Issue File and the financial transaction parameters provided to the UPPD database at every point along the financial transaction clearing process.

Abstract: An input receptacle receives currency bills and checks. A transport mechanism transports the bills and checks along a transport path to an output receptacle. An image scanner, adjacent the transport path, is configured to generate one or more electrical signals from which image data can be derived. The image data is reproducible as a visually readable image of at least a portion of each of the plurality of documents. A controller is configured to determine a denomination of each of the currency bills. In response to the controller not determining a denomination of one of the currency bills, the controller flags the currency bill as a no-call document by causing at least a portion of the image data to be displayed as a visually readable image of the flagged currency bill on the display.

Abstract: Methods, computer readable media, and apparatuses for processing financial documents are presented. Image data associated with a first financial document, such as a check to be deposited, may be received. A first multivariate vector may be determined based on the received image data, and the first multivariate vector may include a plurality of vector components. Each vector component may represent a distance from an edge of the first financial document to a feature of the first financial document, and each vector component may be a ratio of distances. The determined first multivariate vector may be compared with a second multivariate vector associated with a second financial document. Based on the comparing, a confidence score for the first financial document may be determined. A transaction involving the first financial document may be authorized in response to the confidence score exceeding a threshold.

Abstract: Improved systems and methods for detecting and correcting image errors and risks in remote deposit systems during an in-line or in-process troubleshooting session are disclosed. Various embodiments include systems for displaying remote deposit session data to a support technician with links for invoking an image display or image editor user interface during a troubleshooting session. The links can be included in one or more individual remote deposit session events, records, or tasks, such as check image uploads and bi-tonalization events. The image editor can be used to manually or automatically correct any detected errors or flaws in uploaded or processed deposit document images. The corrected check images can be then be stored and used to complete or reprocess a remote deposit.

Abstract: The systems and methods of the present disclosure use a mobile device equipped with a camera to capture and preprocess images of objects including financial documents, financial cards, and identification cards, and to recognize information in the images of the objects. The methods include detecting quadrangles in images of an object in an image data stream generated by the camera, capturing a first image, transforming the first image, binarizing the transformed image, recognizing information in the binarized image, and determining the validity of the recognized information. The method also includes communicating with a server of a financial institution or other organization to determine the validity of the recognized information.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, among other things, are method and apparatus for verifying answer document images. According to one embodiment of a method, data collected from a scanned image of an answer document is received, the data including an indication of whether a bubble on the answer document is marked. Responses are automatically identified to have a first review, including sorting the collected data using one or more predetermined criteria. The responses are automatically forwarded to a first editor to conduct the first review, the first review including a data entry. If the data entry of the first editor varies with the indication for a particular response, the particular response is automatically forwarded to a second editor to conduct a second review, where the first editor is different from the second editor.

Abstract: The systems and methods of the present disclosure use a mobile device equipped with a camera to capture and preprocess images of financial documents, and to recognize information in the images of financial documents. The methods include detecting quadrangles in images of a financial document in an image data stream generated by the camera, capturing a first image, transforming the first image, binarizing the transformed image, recognizing information in the binarized image, and determining the validity of the recognized information. The method also includes communicating with a server of the financial institution to determine the validity of the recognized information. The mobile device may include a camera, a display to display an image data stream and captured images, a memory to store a configuration file including parameters for the preprocessing and recognition functions, captured images, and software, and a communication unit to communicate with a server of the financial institution.

Abstract: The systems and methods of the present disclosure use a mobile device equipped with a camera to capture and preprocess images of objects including financial documents, financial cards, and identification cards, and to recognize information in the images of the objects. The methods include detecting quadrangles in images of an object in an image data stream generated by the camera, capturing a first image, transforming the first image, binarizing the transformed image, recognizing information in the binarized image, and determining the validity of the recognized information. The method also includes communicating with a server of a financial institution or other organization to determine the validity of the recognized information.

Abstract: A paper sheet recognition apparatus, a paper sheet management apparatus, and paper sheet recognition method for performing recognition process for the paper sheets such as banknotes, checks, bills and exchange coupons, wherein image data of the paper sheets are acquired, and identification data that is printed on the paper sheets to identify the paper sheets uniquely are extracted in accordance with the acquired image data, while managing the identification information extracted correspondingly to the registration numbers marked on the paper sheets and the acquired image data, thereby allowing to precisely identify whether or not the paper sheets are judged to be legitimate bills by the paper sheets recognition apparatus.

Abstract: Systems for processing digital check image files include an image classification module programmed to review a plurality of attributes associated with a digital check image file including at least one check image, and to categorize the digital check image file into at least one category of a plurality of categories, and a decision module programmed to decide how to process the digital check image file based on the category.

Abstract: A coin identification method and apparatus capable of reliably acquiring stable two-dimensional images of both surfaces of coins 217, and using the acquired two-dimensional images to perform identification and discrimination, reliably and at high speed, between coin denomination, types, dates and origins of mint. In a coin pathway, imaging devices 207a,b are positioned at an image-capture position such that images above and below the surface of passing coins are captured under illumination. The coin denomination is identified by geometric measurements of enhanced images, the coin type is identified by matching templates to enhanced images, and the coin date and mint are identified using template matching to segmented sub-images. In one embodiment, the coin identification information is used for the promotion of a coin counting service. The results are displayed in an entertaining and engaging manner.

Abstract: The method may be used in the devices for banknote detecting, counting or sorting; it may be used to determine the banknote main characteristics: its currency type and denomination. The method is based on a computational processing of the banknote digital image formed in the device during scanning. Increase in the banknote processing speed is the technical result. The first variant of the method envisages a preliminary classification and further checking of correspondence to selected possible classes according to several criteria typical for each particular class. For checking of correspondence, an admissibility of the value of interrelation characteristic for two areas is validated. According to the second variant, there is made classification on the base of a banknote digital image and for each possible class the measure of the banknote correspondence to the image is calculated and used for ranking, the banknote is referred to the class closest to it by the measure of correspondence.

Abstract: A system and method of processing paper checks that divides into two independent paths the processing of a data file representing a check and the digital image of the check. The data files and image files are separated both in time and in space, with the data files being used to promptly initiate the transfer of funds to and from appropriate accounts, while the paper checks, at a remote location and typically lagging in time, are scanned to create digital image files and deposited as an image or substitute check if deemed ACH ineligible. The method provides for the comparison of data files to image files, based on MICR information, to find any unmatching or mismatched items for exception processing and a process to manage ACH-ineligible items as an image or substitute check. The system and method further provides for sorting exceptions according to transaction type (ACH eligible versus ACH-ineligible) and prioritizing the further processing of the exceptions based on transaction type.

Abstract: An optical reader is provided. A transport section is capable of transporting a medium which is a reading target in forward and backward directions along a transport path. An optical reading section is installed in the transporting path. The optical reading section optically reads the medium which is transported by the transport section. A control section sets a transport direction of the medium at the time of reading of the medium on the basis of a position of the medium before or when the reading of the medium is started and a reading position of the optical reading section such that a transport distance of the medium until the reading of the medium is completed is shortened, and controls the transport section and the optical reading section.

Abstract: When optically scanning a medium, scanning can proceed immediately even if the size of the medium is unknown. Before or when an optical reading device starts scanning to read all of a recording medium, the CPU 40 sets a scan block of a size that can always be scanned based on the output of media edge sensors 47 and the distance from the scanning position of the optical reading device to the detection position of the media edge sensors 47, and then scans the set scan block.

Abstract: Disclosed is a medium recognition apparatus for determining the type of a medium by using color information obtained by scanning the inserted medium, as well as a method for determining the type of a medium by using the apparatus. Color information and size information obtained by scanning only a partial region of a medium image, the hue of the medium image scanned by the image sensor, or RGB channel color information scanned by the color sensor is compared with pre-stored reference information to determine the type of the medium. This guarantees that the type of the medium is determined quickly and accurately based on simple comparing results.

Abstract: A system is provided for automatically processing and sorting documents related to gaming. The system includes a computer in duplex communication with a scanner having an entrance hopper into which a stack of currency notes and slot tickets are deposited and first and second exit locations into which currency notes and slot tickets are sorted. The system obtains the value of the document directly by optically identifying each value character from a scanned image of the document. The system then sorts the documents by whether the value characters are identified or not, and provides total value and quantity data for all documents identified.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for assessing whether mobile deposit processing engines meet specified standards for mobile deposit of financial documents. A mobile deposit processing engine (MDE) is evaluated to determine if it can perform technical capabilities for improving the quality of and extracting content from an image of a financial document. A verification process then begins, where the MDE performs the image quality enhancements and text extraction steps on sets of images from a test deck. The results of the processing of the test deck are then evaluated by comparing confidence levels with thresholds to determine if each set of images should be accepted or rejected. Further analysis determines whether any of the sets of images were falsely accepted or rejected in error. An overall error rate is then compared with minimum accuracy criteria, and if the criteria are met, the MDE meets the standard for mobile deposit.

Abstract: Systems and methods for recognizing a check deposit received in a self-service financial transaction device are described. A check is received from a customer associated with an entity for deposit into an account of the entity. Upon determining a that an amount of the check received for deposit cannot be determined from a scanned image of the check, deposit transaction data for the customer is collected and analyzed, including the frequency and timing of the customer's previous check deposits, the amount of the customer's previous check deposits, the payor of such deposits, and the like, to predict the amount of the currently received check.

Abstract: A banking system includes automated banking machines that operate responsive to data read from data bearing records. Transactions may also be carried out through communication with local and remote service providers. An automated banking machine is operative to conduct transactions including cash dispensing for users, responsive to data read from user cards and communication with a transaction host. The machine is also operative to provide output signals which drive external displays. A machine processor is operative to cause the machine to receive visual and/or audio content from content sources and to store data corresponding to the content. The content is then output through the external displays.

Abstract: A first prompt is displayed to insert a deposit slip that includes declared information. The deposit slip is received, transported at a first speed, and imaged. A total declared cash-in amount and a total declared check amount are extracted from image data associated with the deposit slip. The total declared cash-in amount is determined to be a non-zero number. A second prompt is displayed to insert currency bills. The currency bills are received, transported at a second speed, and imaged. Deposit information is generated from image data associated with each of the currency bills. The deposit information at least includes a calculated total cash deposit amount. The deposit information is compared with the declared information to determine if the deposit transaction is balanced.

Abstract: A check and U.S. bank note processing device configured to process both checks and U.S. bank notes. The device comprises an input receptacle configured to receive checks and U.S. bank notes and an output receptacle. The device further comprises a transport mechanism configured to transport the checks and U.S. bank notes from the input receptacle past an image scanner. The image scanner is configured to obtain an image of each check and U.S. bank note transported past the image scanner. The device is configured to determine the serial numbers of U.S. bank notes transported past the image scanner. The device further comprises a memory configured to store the determined serial numbers of U.S. bank notes.

Abstract: A user or a device may separate a check into two or more portions prior to generating a digital image of the check for remote deposit of the check. The user or a device may separate the check by cutting or tearing the check. After separating the check into the portions, the user may generate a digital image of the portions of the check using a scanner for example. The digital image may be transmitted to an institution for deposit of the check. The institution may retrieve the images of the portions of the check and generate an image of the check based on the portions, by combining the images of the portions for example. The image of the check that may be generated based on the images of the portions may be processed for deposit.

Abstract: A document input module (2) for the input of documents (9, 91, 92, 93) having at least one MICR section (10), with a reading head (3) to read the at least one MICR section (10) relative to a system (8) of input documents (9, 91, 92, 93), characterized in that the document input module (2) has at least one further reading head (4, 5, 6) to read different formats and input positions of input documents (9, 91, 92, 93).