Abstract: The present invention is directed to a bearing structure for a camshaft to prevent obliquely wiping off the oil from the surface of the camshaft caused by a knife edge. A lower journal (3) for supporting the camshaft (2) is formed with a counterbore (6) cutting off a part of a bearing surface (5) of the lower journal (3). A connecting part between the bearing surface (5) and the counterbore (6) is formed with a recess (11) hollowed from the bearing surface (5). A part of an edge (11a) connecting the recess (11) to the bearing surface (5) is elongated along a perpendicular direction to an axis of the bearing surface (O5), and a remaining part of the edge (11b) is elongated along a parallel direction to the axis (O5). The part of the edge (11a) does not wipe off the oil in the axis direction (O5), while the oil wiped by the remaining part of the edge (11b) is received into the recess (11) and is used for lubrication.

Abstract: In a bearing metal fitted to a journal bearing portion where a center of a bearing metal fitting hole is deviated from a reference straight line in a direction orthogonal to the reference straight line at a time of mounting a cylinder head, a thickness, in a direction parallel to a direction in which the center of the bearing metal fitting hole is deviated, of one of an upper metal and a lower metal, which is positioned in the same direction as the direction in which the center of the bearing metal fitting hole is deviated, is increased by an amount by which the center of the bearing metal fitting hole is deviated from the reference straight line, and a thickness, in the direction parallel to the direction in which the center of the bearing metal fitting hole is deviated, of one of the upper metal and the lower metal, which is positioned in a direction opposite to the direction in which the center of the bearing metal fitting hole is deviated, is reduced by the amount by which the center of the bearing metal

Abstract: In a cylindrical sliding bearing, a radial rigidity of an inner circumferential surface of a sliding layer against a radial compression force applied to the inner circumferential surface by a shaft varies in a circumferential direction so that the inner circumferential surface includes a relatively-high radial rigidity bearing area and a relatively-low radial rigidity bearing area.

Abstract: The invention relates to a piston compressor, particularly a hermetically enclosed refrigerant compressor, with a crank drive, having a crank shaft with an eccentric crank pin and an oil channel arrangement, and a connecting rod with a first piston-side connecting rod eye and a second pin-side connecting rod eye, said eyes having between them a connecting rod shank with a longitudinal channel, which opens into the connecting rod eyes. In this compressor, it is endeavoured to improve the lubricating conditions. For this purpose a bearing element is arranged between the crank pin and the second connecting rod eye, which is unrotatably connected with the second connecting rod eye under formation of an oil channel, the longitudinal channel communicating with the oil channel and a control arrangement being provided, which ensures a communication between the oil channel and the oil channel arrangement at least once per rotation of the crank pin.

Abstract: In a starter, a cylindrical tube is slidablly engaged with an outer peripheral surface of an output shaft through a bearing in an axial direction. A front end of the tube, which supports a pinion, is closed to define an enclosed space between the front end of the tube and an end of the output shaft. A ventilation groove is formed on an inner cylindrical surface of the tube to communicate the enclosed space with a space defined rearward of the bearing. The ventilation groove has a helical shape twisted about an axis of the tube. When the bearing is press-fitted in the tube, a direction of press-fitting the tube and a direction along the ventilation groove do not coincide, but cross each other.

Abstract: A journal bearing has a lining of bearing metal applied to a steel backing. The surface of the lining is laser peen hardened to locally increase the hardness and the seizure resistance of the lining. The underlying core of the lining is unaffected and maintains good conformability of the lining. The overall lining thus possesses both good seizure resistance and conformability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a connecting rod bearing shell or bushing for internal combustion engines or to a main bearing shell for crankshaft mounting in internal combustion engines, made of a sliding bearing composite material having a metal, preferably steel support layer and a metal sliding layer applied thereto. The sliding bearing composite material is suitable for all applications cited and the sliding layer is made up of a copper zinc alloy with 10-25 wt. % Zn. 1-3 wt. % Mn. 1-3 wt. % Ni. 2-6 wt. % Fe: the remainder being copper, and impurity elements, respectively accounting for a maximum of 0.1%, corresponding to a maximum overall sum of 1 wt. % and the sliding layer is exclusively crystallised in the ?-phase.

Abstract: An engine bearing for an internal combustion engine has a pair of separately constructed bearing halves comprising a pair of arcuate shells having a pair of laterally spaced flanges extending generally radially outwardly from each shell. Each pair of laterally spaced flanges comprises a pair of thrust faces facing generally away from one another with one of the thrust faces comprising an undulating contoured surface and the other thrust face having a generally planar non-contoured surface. The engine bearing is assembled having the contoured surface of one engine bearing half abutting the non-contoured surface of the other engine bearing half so that the engine bearing has generally opposite sides comprising both contoured and non-contoured surfaces.

Abstract: A bearing shell for a crankshaft thrust bearing has a circumferential oil passage (4) formed on the inside of shell (6) of bearing shell (1). An oil passage (4) is connected via a hole (2) to the outside of and to a groove (7) running to one of flanges (5) and a hole (9) at the end of shell (1). In this way, the flange (8) is supplied oil to achieve improved lubrication in the axial loading direction.

Abstract: A crankshaft bearing shell in an internal combustion engine of a vehicle is made from a steel/aluminum composite material and is composed of a steel supporting layer and an aluminum plated sliding layer containing parts of tin and copper in the aluminum sliding layer, optionally comprising an intermediate layer consisting of pure aluminum. The aluminum sliding layer comprises A1Sn (20-23) Cu(1.8-2.3) alloy, optionally containing additions of up to 0.1 wt % of Ni, 0.7 wt % of Si, 0.7 wt % Fe, 0.7 wt % Mn, 0.2 wt % Ti, wherein the sum of Si, Fe and Mn is less than 1 wt %; and impurities form a total amount of less than 0.5 wt.- % with the aluminum sliding layer having a Brinell hardness of at least 45 HB 1/5/30 after heat treatment.

Abstract: A bearing device for internal combustion engines, comprising a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine and bearings supporting the crankshaft, and wherein the crankshaft is made of steel having not been subjected to surface hardening and having a structure, which is mainly composed of pearlite having the pro-eutectoid ferrite fraction of at most 3%, and is processed to have the surface roughness Rz of at most 0.8 ?m, and wherein the bearings have an aluminum bearing alloy bonded to a back plate thereof and contain, as an alloy component thereof, at least Si particles of less than 4 mass %, whereby early abrasion and scratches of the crankshaft are suppressed to be equivalent to or less than abrasion loss and scratches of conventional DCI shafts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a semicircular bearing element comprising a supporting layer (5) and a sliding layer (7) which is applied to the same. A holding element (6) projecting from a side of the supporting layer (5) facing away from the sliding layer (7) is provided, said holding element engaging in a correspondingly embodied recess (10) in a bearing housing element (2) in order to anchor the bearing element in the mounted state. The aim of the invention is to simplify the production and assembly of the bearing element. To this end, the holding element (6) is embodied in a polygonal manner in a cross-sectional plane, perpendicular to a radial direction (8) of the bearing element.

Abstract: A sliding structure including first and second sliding elements made of metal and including first and second sliding surfaces relatively slidable via a lubricating oil film therebetween, in which at least one of the first and second sliding surfaces having a microscopic surface structure including a base portion, dimples inward recessed from the base portion and separated from one another, and a peripheral portion defining the opening area of each of the dimples and extending along a periphery of each of the dimples. A ratio of a sum of opening areas of the dimples to an area of the at least one of the first and second surfaces is in a range of 5% to 60%. The peripheral portion has a height smaller than a thickness of the lubricating oil film.

Abstract: The invention relates to a connecting rod-bearing combination comprising a bearing (1) for a small connecting rod eye (6) of a connecting rod (5) which serves to receive a piston pin that supports a piston. The invention also relates to a method for producing a connecting rod-bearing combination of the aforementioned type. The aim of the invention is to be able to exert an influence on the connecting rod-piston combination whereby enabling a fine tuning of the oscillating masses. To this end, the invention provides a connecting rod-bearing combination, which is post-machined in the area of the small connecting rod eye (6) during which material is removed from a mass that corresponds to the difference between the oscillating mass of the connecting rod-bearing combination and a stipulated oscillating mass.

Abstract: A connecting rod bearing including a housing with an attaching portion and a retaining portion releasably joined together so as to define a transverse passageway. The attaching portion and the retaining portion are each provided with a pair of bores. The bores are respectively located on opposite sides of the transverse passageway and can be brought into registry with one another. The bores also partially intersect the transverse passageway. A pair of alignment pins is positioned within a respective one of the bores and project into the transverse passageway. A sleeve is positioned within the transverse passageway and has notches for snugly receiving the alignment pins.

Abstract: The invention relates to a crankshaft bearing for a motor vehicle, in which a crankshaft 1 produced from ADI (austempered ductile iron, DIN EN 1564) is supported on an engine block 2 produced from aluminum without the interposition of other components. There is very little difference between the thermal expansion coefficients between ADI and aluminum materials, ensuring that the bearing operates reliably even when there are fluctuations in temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a crankshaft bearing shell in an internal combustion engine of a vehicle. Said crankshaft bearing shell is made of a steel/aluminum composite material and is composed of a steel supporting layer and an aluminum plated sliding layer containing parts of tin and copper in the aluminum sliding layer, optionally comprising an intermediate layer consisting of pure aluminum. Said aluminum sliding layer comprises A1Sn (20-23) Cu(1.8-2.3) alloy, optionally containing additions of up to 0.1 wt % of Ni, 0.7 wt % of Si, 0.7 wt % Fe, 0.7 wt % Mn, 0.2 wt % Ti, wherein the sum of Si, Fe and Mn is less than 1 wt %; and impurities form a total amount of less than 0.5 wt.- % with said aluminum sliding layer having a Brinell hardness of at least 45 HB 1/5/30 after heat treatment.

Abstract: A plain bearing is described, the bearing being fitted, in use, in an associated bearing housing, the bearing back in contact with said housing is substantially coextensive with the housing in the axial direction wherein the running surface of the bearing is relieved in both the axial and radial directions so as to reduce the contact bearing surface area with an associated shaft journal, in use.

Abstract: A half bearing constituting a cylindrical plain bearing for supporting a shaft for rotation when two of the half bearings are combined together. The half bearing has two circumferential ends each of which has a plurality of circumferential grooves without formation of any crush relief surface. The grooves extend substantially over an overall circumferential dimension of the half bearing and include portions located at both circumferential ends of the half bearing respectively. Each portion has a larger axially sectional area than the grooves formed in a portion of the half bearing mainly subjected to load during rotation of the shaft.

Abstract: A sliding bearing apparatus having a superior resistance to fretting comprising: a sliding bearing provided with a back metal layer having an inner face and a rear face, and a bearing alloy layer provided on an inner face of said back metal layer; and a housing having an inner face on which said sliding bearing is mounted, the rear face of said back metal layer and/or the inner face of said housing being provided with a coating made of a ceramic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bearing used in a transmission. The radial bearing for supporting a rotating shaft of the transmission has a substantial elliptical-cylinder-shaped inner circumferential surface. At least two lubricating resin members are provided on the inner circumferential surface so that the members are extending in the axial direction and symmetric with respect to the central axis of the bearing. The rigidity of the bearing is increased as increasing the rotation speed of the shaft.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding bearing having an excellent initial conformability and seizure resistance as well as desired durability and heat resistance required particularly for high speed engine. The present invention provides a sliding bearing having a resin coating layer comprising a thermosetting resin being soft and having a good elongation at high temperature and a solid lubricant formed on a bearing alloy layer.

Abstract: A core member has a core member side journal portion and a core member bolt hole on both sides of the core member side journal portion and is provided in a separation state from a surface of a casting mold through a cast-off pin including a step portion in a vertical direction in the casting mold. A radius of curvature of the core member side journal portion of the core member is made greater than a radius of curvature of the cap side journal portion of the bearing cap in such a manner that a clearance between the cap side journal portion and the core member side journal portion is larger than a clearance between the core member bolt hole and the cast-off pin. A pouring gate is provided on a side surface of the casting mold to inject a base material along the bonding portion of the bearing cap.

Abstract: Sliding-type bearings are locally welded along only edge regions of the backing to the components in which they are installed. Welding is controlled to isolate the bearing layer from the heat effected zone of welding.

Abstract: A connecting rod bearing including a housing with an attaching portion and a retaining portion releasably joined together so as to define a transverse passageway. The attaching portion and the retaining portion are each provided with a pair of bores. The bores are respectively located on opposite sides of the transverse passageway and can be brought into registry with one another. The bores also partially intersect the transverse passageway. A pair of alignment pins is positioned within a respective one of the bores and project into the transverse passageway. A sleeve is positioned within the transverse passageway and has notches for snugly receiving the alignment pins.

Abstract: A main bearing cap (A′) made of powder metal has a body portion (Y) made from one powder metal material (Q), and a bearing arch portion (H), foot joint face portions (S) and/or wings (W) made of a different powder metal material (P). The material (Q) of the body portion (Y) is harder than the material (P) of the other portions (H, S, W), and the material (P) of the other portions (H, S, W) is relatively machinable. For the bearing arch portion (H), the machinability of the material (P) approximately matches the machinability of the bearing support structure (B) to which the bearing cap (A′) is assembled to produce a good quality bore and longer tool life during line boring. The bearing arch material (P) may be a bearing material.

Abstract: Sliding-type bearings are locally welded along only edge regions of the backing to the components in which they are installed. Welding is controlled to isolate the bearing layer from the heat effected zone of welding.

Abstract: A thrust and journal bearing assembly is presented that provides for separate thrust and journal segments that are joined together and held in place by interlocking tabs and slots.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cylinder block which can reduce the vibrations and noises produced from the engine at high temperatures and has a light weight, as well as a method of making such a cylinder block. Specifically, the cylinder block of the present invention comprises a main body (5, 21) of the cylinder block, a bearing (11, 17) attached to the underside of the main body (5, 21), and a crankshaft supported rotatably in a bearing section (13, 25) formed by the underside of the main body (5, 21) and the bearing (11, 17). In this cylinder block, an aluminum alloy layer (33) is formed in the sliding portion of the bearing section (13, 25), the region adjacent to the aluminum alloy layer (33) consists of a composite material (35), and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite material (35) is lower than that of the aluminum alloy layer (33) formed in the sliding portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a crankshaft bearing for a motor vehicle, in which a crankshaft 1 produced from ADI (austempered ductile iron, DIN EN 1564) is supported on an engine block 2 produced from aluminum without the interposition of other components. There is very little difference between the thermal expansion coefficients between ADI and aluminum materials, ensuring that the bearing operates reliably even when there are fluctuations in temperature.

Abstract: An aluminum thrust washer that has a wrought aluminum matrix that includes from 2 to 20 weight percent silicon, 0.1 to 4 weight percent of copper, with the remainder pure aluminum. The aluminum thrust washer is formed of a mono-metal structure without a backing layer. The wrought aluminum matrix has mechanical properties such that the aluminum matrix wears away, leaving silicon particles exposed at a thrust face of the washer, such that the density of silicon particles is continually increasing as the thrust washer is utilized.

Abstract: A plain bearing which is mounted in an end of a connecting rod consists of a pair of hemi-circular bearing halves of which axial ends are provided with flanges being integrally fixed by welding. The flanges improve the rigidity of the bearing halves. The big end of the connecting rod can have improved rigidity by mounting the bearing halves therein.

Abstract: A crank shaft thrust bearing half includes a semi-cylindrical bearing shell carrying a pair of radially outwardly projecting thrust flanges having outer thrust surfaces. Radial grooves are formed in the thrust face to divide the surface into thrust pads. Each thrust pad has hydrodynamic contours which provide a hydrodynamic wedging action during rotation of the shaft to support high thrust loads. The thrust pad at the trailing end of the flange has an elevated land area spaced about 30° away from the trailing end and includes a long relief area from the land to the end to provide a no contact zone of the flange. Locating the land away from the trailing end and providing the relief zone shifts the peak pressure location away from the end and toward the middle of the bearing to relieve the trailing end from stress. Having radially oriented oil grooves with suitable width enables adequate oil supply and improved hydrodynamic oil film generating capability.

Abstract: The invention provides a sliding bearing apparatus having a superior resistance to fretting, the sliding bearing apparatus comprising: a sliding bearing provided with a back metal layer having an inner face and a rear face, and a bearing alloy layer provided on an inner face of said back metal layer; and a housing having an inner face on which said sliding bearing is mounted, the rear face of said back metal layer and/or the inner face of said housing being provided with a coating made of a ceramic.

Abstract: An assembled flange-bearing shell including a half-shell shaped radial bearing part and an axial bearing part which can be fixed on one side in the area of the axial front face of the radial bearing part, or partial ring-wheel shaped axial bearing parts which can be fixed on both sides. Each axial bearing part has inward projecting retaining tongues located around its radius. The retaining tongues can be engaged in retaining recesses in the area of an axial rim section of the radial bearing part. The flange-bearing shell has two retaining tongues on both sides of the vertex which form an undercut. The undercut is engaged from below by a clip of the radial bearing part which lies axially adjacent to each respective open-edged retaining recess. The clip is curved inward in an axial direction from its extension along the periphery into the retaining recess in order to secure the axial bearing part against detachment.

Abstract: A crank shaft thrust bearing half includes a semi-cylindrical bearing shell carrying a pair of radially outwardly projecting thrust flanges having outer thrust surfaces. Radial grooves are formed in the thrust face to divide the surface into thrust pads. Each thrust pad has hydrodynamic contours which provide a hydrodynamic wedging action during rotation of the shaft to support high thrust loads. The thrust pad at the trailing end of the flange has an elevated land area spaced about 30° away from the trailing end and includes a long relief area from the land to the end to provide a no contact zone of the flange. Locating the land away from the trailing end and providing the relief zone shifts the peak pressure location away from the end and toward the middle of the bearing to relieve the trailing end from stress. Having radially oriented oil grooves with suitable width enables adequate oil supply and improved hydrodynamic oil film generating capability.

Abstract: A half bearing constituting a cylindrical plain bearing for supporting a shaft for rotation when two of the half bearings are combined together. The half bearing has two circumferential ends each of which has a plurality of circumferential grooves without formation of any crush relief surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a plain bearing having a back metal, a bearing alloy layer and an overlay layer, in which the bearing alloy layer and the overlay layer are formed on the inner surface of the metal in this order. The inner surface of the bearing alloy is provided with circumferential broad width recesses and narrow recesses in which the overlay material is filled. The fatigue resistance and were resistance are ensured by the zone of the narrow width recesses. The plain bearing exhibits high embeddability for a foreign substance by presence of the zone of the broad width recesses.

Abstract: There is disclosed a sliding bearing provided with a sliding bearing layer and a back metal layer bonded to the outer face of the sliding bearing layer, the back face of which back metal layer being coated with a phosphate coating at a portion where fretting wear is apt to occur while coated with a coating of a thermally good conductor at another portion where no phosphate coating is provided, whereby seizure resistance as well as fretting resistance is improved because the dispersing of heat can be improved by the coating of the thermally good conductor.

Abstract: Thin-walled bearings (10) each including a layer (16) of an aluminium based, or copper based, bearing material bonded to a steel shell, has an overlay (20) of one or more of the elements lead, tin, indium, copper, nickel, zinc and antimony. A flash (24) less than two micrometers thick and of one or more of the elements iron, chromium, nickel, cobalt, gold, silver and copper, is provided in any convenient way on the initially unmodified exposed surface portion of the overlay. The flash (24) is caused to react with the, or at least one constituent, element of the overlay (20) to modify the surface portion (22) of the overlay to become hard and wear-resistant. The material of the flash (24) forms at least one intermetallic compound, and/or solid solution, with the material of the surface portion (22) of the overlay (20). The bearing may be heated to a temperature at which the flash (24) reacts with the overlay (20) to form the required intermetallic compound, and/or solid solution, at a desired rate.

Abstract: A bearing metal positioning structure in a split connecting rod with lowered production cost and improved accuracy in positioning the bearing metal. The bearing metal positioning structure includes a pair of bearing metal halves, each of which is formed into a circular arc shape traversing 180 degrees. The pair of bearing metal halves have flat mating planes which abut one another to form a cylindrical bearing metal. A pair of projections are disposed on each of the mating planes at both axial ends so as to project radially outwardly therefrom. Locking grooves to be engaged with the pairs of projections, and additional locking grooves, are integrally die-formed simultaneously with the production of a die-formed body of the split connecting rod.

Abstract: A combination of a bearing and a housing for the bearing is described, the bearing comprising two substantially semi-cylindrical half bearings each retained in a corresponding housing part about a joint face split-line wherein the housing has at least one circumferential locking plate inserted in said joint face split-line, said at least one circumferential locking plate extending radially inwardly to lie between opposed joint faces of the two bearing halves.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sliding bearing in which a heat emission property of the sliding bearing is improved without affecting the original function of an overlay layer. An overlay layer is formed on a higher load-side bearing half, and extends circumferentially from a central portion thereof toward each of opposite ends thereof. Any overlay layer is not formed on a lower load-side bearing half, so that a bearing alloy remains exposed to the surface of this bearing half.

Abstract: A multilayer engine bearing (10) includes a steel backing (12) having a liner (18) of bearing metal of either copper-lead or aluminum alloys formed on the backing (12) to define a base lining member (20) of the bearing (10). A multilayer overplate (22, 122) is formed on the base lining member (20,120) and includes multiple lead-free soft layers (24,124) separated by lead-free hard layers (26,126). The relative thicknesses of the overplate layers may be controlled to provide a macro hardness gradient across the thickness of the overplate (122) such that, for example, the overplate (122) may be softer near its top region (130) as compared to its bottom region (132).

Abstract: There is provided a plain bearing in which 0.3 to 25 vol. % of hard particles, having a mean particle diameter of not more than 1.5 &mgr;m, are dispersed in a main load portion of the overlay, so that the main load portion is formed into a hard region harder than the other portion of the overlay. With this construction, the main load portion is enhanced in wear resistance while the other portion is enhanced in foreign matter embeddability. Therefore, there is provided the plain bearing which is less liable to undergo seizure due to abnormal wear even if solid foreign matter are included into lubricating oil, thus exhibiting excellent wear resistance and foreign matter embeddability.

Abstract: A bearing shell with at least one retaining cam which, when looking down on the partial surface of the bearing shell, has a rectangular external contour line and an indentation on the inside, the indentation being at its largest around the center (M) of the cam. The indentation, when looking down on the partial surface, has a curved contour line. The cam is made by being either hammered or pressed using a rounded blade.

Abstract: A slide bearing, which is to be used particularly as a crankshaft main bearing of an internal-combustion engine, has a bearing block and a bearing cap. The bearing cap is constructed of a different material than the bearing block. The slide bearing has a bearing layer which is firmly connected with it and consists of a material which is softer than that of the bearing cap and that of the bearing block.

Abstract: A multilayer engine bearing (26) includes a steel backing (36) having a liner (38) of bearing metal of either copper-lead or aluminum alloys formed on the backing (36) and a thin layer (44) of either copper or nickel plated on the liner (38) to define a base lining member (40) of the bearing (26). A multilayer overplate (46) is formed on the base lining member (40) and includes an underlayer (48) of a lead-tin-copper alloy having a thickness of about 10 &mgr;m and an overlayer (50) of tin having a thickness of about 5 &mgr;m. The multilayer overplate (46) exhibits exceptional fatigue resistance under high dynamic loading conditions and retains good conformability and embedibility characteristics.

Abstract: There is disclosed a half thrust bearing of a substantially semi-circular shape. A thrust relieve 22, slanting toward a confronting end of the half thrust bearing progressively away from a bearing surface of a half thrust bearing, is formed at each of circumferentially-spaced opposite end portions of the bearing surface by pressing (cold forging), so that those portions of the bearing surface, disposed adjacent respectively to the thrust relieves 22, are higher in strength than the other portions of the bearing surface. With this construction, even if a thrust collar of a crankshaft abuts against localized portions of the bearing surface disposed adjacent to the thrust relieves 22, a bearing alloy will not subjected to premature fatigue and separation.

Abstract: A wrist pin is provided with a plurality of offset cylindrical segments which are centered on one of two parallel axes. The segments are of reducing diameter in going from one end to the other and the reduction in diameter between segments is at least equal to their offset.