Abstract: A main-load side bearing metal piece on which a heavy load is imposed is coated on an inner surface thereof with a thin overlay having a uniform thickness. Meanwhile, a non-load side bearing metal piece is coated on an inner surface thereof with an overlay having a uniform thickness greater than that of the overlay formed on the inner surface of the main-load side bearing metal piece. With this construction, the bearing metal piece shows excellent load carrying capacity and fatigue resistance because the overlay formed on the inner surface thereof is thin, while the non-load side bearing metal piece shows excellent foreign matter embeddability and conformability because the overlay formed on the inner surface thereof is thick. Moreover, since there are formed the overlays each having a uniform thickness in respective inner surfaces of each of the bearing metal pieces, and therefore it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost.

Abstract: A sliding bearing comprises a back metal and a bearing alloy layer formed thereon, the thickness of the back metal gradually decreasing from the middle portion toward each axial end portion, and the thickness of the bearing alloy layer being increased at each axial end portion. The bearing alloy layer has a Young's modulus smaller than that of the back metal of steel plate and hence it is elastically deformed with greater ease, and therefore, particularly at the beginning of the use, the oil film pressure at each axial end portion becomes higher when misalignment takes place, with the result that the bearing alloy layer is elastically deformed in the direction of compression. In consequence, the oil film thickness at opposite end portions is increased to prevent rupture of oil film, thus avoiding occurrence of metal contact.

Abstract: In a bearing cap of the type which is bolted to a bearing support structure so as to define a bearing bore between the cap and the structure and in which bolt holes for securing the cap to the structure extend through feet of the cap and into the structure, the cap having at least two of the feet, one foot on each side of the bore with at least one bolt hole extending through each foot, the improvement wherein:the cap is sintered powder metal and has an integral boss protruding from the foot around the bolt hole.

Abstract: In a slide bearing attached onto a bearing mounting surface including at least one of recess and hole facing to the slide bearing, a bearing surface faces to a counter member to be borne movably by the slide bearing, a reverse surface contacts with the bearing mounting surface, and a relief surface is arranged adjacent to the at least one of recess and hole in a slide bearing thickness direction and faces to the counter member with a relatively large clearance between the relief surface and the counter member in comparison with a clearance between the bearing surface and the counter member.

Abstract: A wrist-pin, in which the inner tubular area is traversed by intersecting plates that traverse at the rotating axis and extending along at least a portion of the length, and thereby, said inner tubular area is divided into longitudinal sections. Ideally, the connecting-rod is positioned and affixed to the wrist-pin so that the first of such plates form traversed alignment with length of the connecting-rod, for directly transmitting forces from the piston, through said first plate, to the connecting-rod, whereas such forces are no longer effectively exerted upon the upper circular asymmetry of the wrist-pin, to prevent flexing of the wrist-pin.

Abstract: A light-weight bearing cap for attaching a connecting rod to a journal of a crankshaft pin has two longitudinally extending shoulders separated by an arcuate span conforming to the shape of the journal The shoulders are adapted to receive fasteners which connect mating surfaces of the connecting rod to those of the bearing cap. Mass is conserved by ensuring that the inner and outer arcuate surfaces are shaped as arcs of non-concentric circles such that the maximum thickness of the span occurs at the bisecting points of the respective arcs and the minimum thickness of the span occurs in the region between the shoulders and the maximum thickness. The thickness where the machined surface on the shoulder is located is greater than in the region between the shoulder and the region of maximum thickness.

Abstract: A bearing arrangement which assures positive geometrical centering between two separately produced bearing components, preferably in internal combustion engines, includes a first bearing component provided with projections extending beyond a parting surface between the components and a second bearing component of lower hardness than the projections so that the projections displace the material of the second bearing component during assembly of the bearing arrangement.

Abstract: A plain bearing shell (2a', 2b') exhibits a reduction in oil carbon formation on the plain bearing backing and an improvement in plain bearing interference fit during operation through a decrease in the relative movement between bearing backing and receiving bore. The ratio of the effective wall thickness W.sub.eff to the external bearing diameter D is defined by 0.012.ltoreq.W.sub.eff /D.ltoreq.0.02. The ratio of the installation free spread S to the external bearing diameter D is defined by: 0.025.ltoreq.S/D .ltoreq.0.05.

Abstract: A multilayer engine bearing (26) includes a steel backing (36) having a liner (38) of bearing metal of either copper-lead or aluminum alloys formed on the backing (36) and a thin layer (44) of either copper or nickel plated on the liner (38) to define a base lining member (40) of the bearing (26). A multilayer overplate (46) is formed on the base lining member (40) and includes an underlayer (48) of a lead-tin-copper alloy having a thickness of about 10 .mu.m and an overlayer (50) of tin having a thickness of about 5 .mu.m. The multilayer overplate (46) exhibits exceptional fatigue resistance under high dynamic loading conditions and retains good conformability and embedibility characteristics.

Abstract: The crankshaft bearing for an internal combustion engine consists of two bearing sections bolted together, in which an insert made of a ferrometallic material is embedded in a casting made of a light metal alloy. The inserts consist of shaped molded parts with openings and thickenings as well as a semicircular carrier that receives the respective part of the bearing bore. The inserts are traversed by the bearing bolts, which on one side abut the outer bolt surfaces on the casting of one bearing section and are bolted into the casting of the other bearing section.

Abstract: A positioning lug 13 is formed which curvedly expands outwardly along the circumference of a half-circular bearing body 11 from the external surface of the bearing body. The positioning lug 13 is provided so that both transition sections thereof are integrated at a circumferential ends 12 with the bearing body 11. Unlike a conventional sliding bearing half shell provided with a tongue-like positioning lug protruding from a proximal end line 14, with transition sections separated from the bearing body, the sliding bearing half shell according to the present invention does not undergo the failure of its positioning lug due to the fatigue of the proximal end line 14 caused by cyclic bending stress.

Abstract: Multilayer sliding bearing, of the type comprising: an intermediate layer (20) made of a material with a certain hardness, disposed on a backing layer (10); a sliding layer (30) made of a less hard material, said intermediate layer (20) presenting a radially internal face defined by at least a pair of surfaces, which are excentric to the bearing and which intercept each other along a respective intersection line (22) of the bearing that is inclined relative the opposite end edges, in order to reduce the thickness of said intermediate layer (20), the radially internal face of the sliding layer (30) presenting a curvature radius at maximum equal to the distance between the axis of the bearing and each point of each intersection line (22).

Abstract: Disclosed is a bearing structure of a sliding bearing which is held in a housing and which rotatably supports a rotary shaft. At least one of the outer surface of the sliding bearing and the inner surface of the housing is covered with a coating layer which essentially consists of, by weight, a total amount of not more than 90% of solid lubricant and hard particles in which the solid lubricant is of 3 to 50% and the hard particles are of 1 to 50%, and the balance of polyamideimide resin.

Abstract: A crankshaft bearing for internal-combustion engines is provided in an internal-combustion engine housing made of a light metal alloy and comprises a bearing bore for a crankshaft journal of a crankshaft. The crankshaft bearing is provided with a device that reduces the increase in bearing play that occurs during the operation of the internal-combustion engine. This device includes a compensating element which is provided between the bearing bore and the crankshaft journal and has a relatively high coefficient of expansion.

Abstract: A component made from a preform made of a first material and having a bearing seat defining a bearing seat surface, and a method of producing the component. The component includes a bearing cap portion, and a remainder portion split from the bearing cap portion and adapted to mate therewith. The method comprises the step of coating the bearing seat surface of the preform with a second material different from the first material for providing a bearing layer made of the second material on the bearing seat surface, the bearing layer having a running face. The step of coating includes the step of thermal spraying the second material on the bearing seat surface. The preform is separated into the bearing cap portion and the remainder portion. The bearing layer is split by fracture separation at a separation region of the bearing layer into a bearing cap bearing layer portion corresponding to the bearing cap portion, and a remainder bearing layer portion corresponding to the remainder portion.

Abstract: A component having a split running face for rolling elements, running face being disposed partially on a bearing cap, and a method of producing the same. According to the method, a preform is made from a material having a carbon content of at least 0.5 percent by weight; the preform is separated by fracture separation at a separation location of the preform thereby producing the bearing cap and a remainder; skin layer hardening is performed on the running face thereby producing a skin hardened layer such that the running face acquires a Rockwell hardness of 55 according to the Rockwell cone method.

Abstract: A flanged half bearing (10;50) comprises a shell portion (12;52) which provides a bearing surface (14;54) against which a shaft can rotate. A flange portion (16,18;56,58) of the bearing provides a thrust surface (20,22;60,62) to resist axial movement of the bearing. The thrust surface (20,22;60,62) is formed from injection moulded plastics material either integrally with the shell portion (12;52) or a layer thereof, or the flange portion is injection moulded as a separate piece and secured to the shell portion.

Abstract: In a composite plain thrust journal bearing is provided, in the inner rim of the thrust bearing part, at least one retaining lug (5) with which is associated at least one splay finger (6). In the rim area (7) of the journal bearing part are provided for the retaining lug a recess (13) and a recess (18) for a splay finger which is formed, at least in an end region, into a receiving slot (8), which is axially delimited by a hook-shaped projection (9). When the thrust bearing part (2) is positioned on the journal bearing part (1), the retaining lug (5) is engaged into the recess (13) and the splay finger into the recess (18) for a splay finger, and then the splay finger (6) is, under permanent deformation introduced into the receiving slot (8) behind the hook-shaped projection (9). This method of attachment offers defined limited mutual movability of the journal bearing part (3) and the thrust bearing part (2) while ensuring reliable connection of the two parts to each other.

Abstract: A dispersion of hard, wear-resistant particles such as aluminum oxide is embedded within a shaft-engaging surface of a bearing such that the service life of a shaft and bearing assembly is extended. The relatively hard aluminum oxide particles exert a polishing action on the shaft surface to improve the wear resistance and seizure resistance of the bearing and shaft system. A tumbling barrel, vibratory bowl, air jet, brush or similar apparatus can be used to apply and embed tumbling media particles within the shaft-engaging surface. During the application period, aluminum oxide particles are transferred to the bearing member surfaces by the sliding, rubbing contact between the abrasive bodies and the individual bearing members.

Abstract: A split outer ring has a raceway on a radially inwardly directed surface and a circumferential groove with tapered side walls on a radially outwardly directed surface and comprises a first arcuate portion and a second arcuate portion. An alignment ring engages the circumferential-groove of the split outer ring, forming an interference fit with the tapered side walls of the circumferential groove such that alignment of the first arcuate portion with respect to the second arcuate portion is maintained. A method of assembling a housed bearing, utilizing opposing jaws engaging a similar circumferential groove in the split outer ring, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A compound journal and thrust plain bearing comprises a half-liner-shaped or bush-shaped journal bearing part and a part-ring-shaped thrust bearing part or a set of part-ring-shaped thrust bearing parts attached at one or both ends thereof, while every thrust bearing part comprises on its inner peripheral rim a plurality of inwardly extending retaining projections which are angularly spaced from each other and which are inserted into a recess provided in the region of the arcuate or circular margin of the journal bearing part.

Abstract: A connecting rod for connecting a reciprocating piston to a rotating crankshaft of an internal combustion engine includes an improved lubrication distribution system for conveying lubrication into its crankpin bearing. The lubrication is distributed by means of a pair of radial bores one of which extends through the cap of the crankpin bearing and the other of which extends through an arcuate-shaped crankpin bearing portion integrally formed at the end of the connecting rod. The bores are located diametrically opposite one another, and each bore includes an outlet opening into the crankpin bearing hole. The outlets are oval in cross-section and have chamfered sidewalls with an angle of between 30.degree. to 60.degree. with respect to the bore.

Abstract: A split crankshaft bearing assembly includes two flanged half bearings adapted to collectively encircle a crankshaft. The flanges are formed with oil supply grooves that subdivide the flange surface into thrust bearing pads. Each pad includes a positively sloped ramp surface leading to a raised land surface. The rotating crankshaft drags a film of oil onto the land surface where it provides hydrodynamic thrust support for the shaft. To facilitate close tolerance control on the thrust bearing pad contour, the manufacturing process is carried out so that the oil supply grooves are formed and the thrust face presized prior to formation of the pad final contour. The pad contour is formed by a coining operation.

Abstract: A connecting rod crankshaft bearing, provided for installation in the connecting rod at the crankshaft end, eliminates the necessity for reaming out the ridge in a cylinder during rebuilding. The rod bearing is an eccentric bearing, provided as two semi-circular sections having a slightly greater thickness along the lower section than on the upper section so as to offset the center of the inner surface from the outer surface of the bearing.This offset restricts the uptravel of the connecting rod. This in turn lowers the position of the piston during reciprocating travel by the same amount, eliminating possible impact with wear ridges within the cylinder. The cylinder thus need not be reamed to remove these ridges, as they no longer present a source of damaging impact during piston travel.

Abstract: Flanged bearing bushes are described, the bush comprising a journal bearing element and a thrust flange bearing element on at least one end of the journal member, the journal bearing member having a reduced diameter portion and a shoulder formed on the outer diameter of the at least one end having the flange element wherein the flange element is received on the reduced diameter portion with the rear face of the flange supported by the shoulder on the journal bearing member end, and the flange member being retained on the journal bearing membered by deformation of material on the reduced diameter portion of the journal bearing member into recesses formed in the bore of the flange element.

Abstract: A flanged half bearing for motor vehicle engine applications. The flanged half bearing is of the type having a semi-cylindrical shell provided with half thrust washers. The thrust washers are connected to the shell through the coacting of appendages on the thrust washers and recessed portions on the curved edge of the shell. Upon the insertion of the appendages into the recessed portions, the appendages are swaged to retentively engage the washer along the edge of the shell. After swaging, the dimensions of the recessed portion and appendages are such that the washer is capable of axially floating fore and aft relative to the shell, but is incapable of being disengaged from the shell. This provides a flanged half bearing which remains assembled during installation and allows for the accommodation of axial forces and thermal influence of the engine.

Abstract: In a one-half part of a sliding surface bearing comprising a bearing half-shell (1) and at least one stop collar (2), the stop collar (2) constitutes a separate end flange and has mounting extensions (5), which protrude toward the bearing half-shell (1) and extends into fitting openings (3) of the bearing half-shell (1), which openings are open at the end face.To permit relatively large radii at the transition between the bearing half-shells (1) and the stop collar (2), the fitting openings (3) have an undercut (4), which is effective in an axial direction, and the mounting extensions (3) of the stop collar (2) extend behind the undercuts (4) and are axially aligned.

Abstract: A multilayer plain bearing composed of a backing layer, an intermediate layer and a diffusion or bonding layer, and a sliding layer, the sliding layer being of a laminate structure formed by the alternate deposition of layers of a softer material and layers of a harder material.

Abstract: A sliding bearing such as a half sliding bearing, a cylindrical bushing and etc. includes a back metal of a three-layer construction composed of a back metal portion of austenitic stainless steel having a thermal expansion coefficient of not less than 15.times.10.sup.-6 /.degree.C., a plated bonding layer formed on the back metal portion, and a plating layer of Cu or a Cu alloy formed on the bonding layer. An alloy layer made of a copper-lead alloy or a lead-bronze alloy is formed on the back metal. With this construction, the alloy layer is positively bonded to the back metal. The austenitic stainless steel is of such a type that the back metal is less subjected to work hardening, and the austenitic stainless steel contains those components which prevent work-inducing martensite transformation.

Abstract: Flanged bearings are described wherein flanges are joined to a journal bearing by means of co-operating lugs on the flange and slots in the journal bearing end face. The lugs are offset from the remainder of the flange material in order to provide increased mechanical interlocking after machining of the bearing.

Abstract: Journal bearings comprising two half bearings are described. Only one half bearing, in the highest loaded position, has an overlay coating. Preferably the non-overlay coated half comprises a silicon containing aluminum alloy which exerts a polishing action on the shaft journal thus decreasing the degree of abrasiveness of the journal. The non-overlay coated half may also be profiled to allow accelerated polishing of the shaft journal.

Abstract: A half-round bearing including a locating tab for establishing the positioning of the bearing shell when being mounted within a bearing housing. Generating tabs according to the prior art leave a radially outwardly projecting channel in the bearing crown surface which has been found to create slivers during finishing of the bearing shell wall thickness which can adversely influence bearing life. According to this invention, the bearing material is upset by coining in a manner such that the excess material is removed during the parting line broaching operation without causing a burr to be formed on the tab. The burr can prevent proper seating of the bearing shell in the bearing housing which reduces bearing life.

Abstract: A composite sliding surface bearing consisting of a backing layer of steel, a bearing alloy layer which consists of aluminum and has been applied to said backing layer, and a sliding surface layer which consists of zinc phosphate and has been deposited on said bearing alloy layer. The backing layer of steel is provided on its outside surface in a thickness between 0.5 and 5 .mu.m with a metallic protective layer in order to ensure a firm retention in the bearing housing.

Abstract: A composite thrust collar for a rotary shaft formed from a radial bearing in which the rotating shaft may rotate and at least one axial thrust collar preventing axial movement of the shaft, characterized in that the radial bearing or the axial thrust collar or collars has at least one boss and in that the radial bearing is fixed to the axial thrust collar or collars by welding along said at least one boss and in that said at least one boss interconnects with the radial bearing or axial thrust collar in such a manner that should the weld break the bearing and collar can not rotate nor be radially disposed relative to one another.

Abstract: The bearing for stabilizers, or the like, in motor vehicles has a two-part housing that is divided along an axial plane and holds an inner bushing of an elastomer material. This inner bushing is movably inserted in a slide sleeve and both are divided along an axial plane. The dividing plane of the inner bushing and the slide sleeve are at an angle, with respect to a dividing plane of the housing, and the slide sleeve is secured against turning in the housing.

Abstract: A flanged half bearing includes a plain half bearing rigidly connected to a pair of flanges by projection welds. All finishing operations are carried out on the separate bearing parts prior to assembly so that a finished part results after welding. Each flange is provided with a protrusion which collapses during the projection welding process. Projection welding prevents damage to the bearing antifriction material and also prevents deformation of the bearing parts during welding.

Abstract: Split bearing assemblies are disclosed having separable bearing caps for both single applications, such as connecting rods, and multiple applications, such as engine crankshaft supports, together with methods and apparatus for making such assemblies by integrally forming the caps with the main body and separating them by fracture separation. A two step separation method is disclosed with bore starter notches and semicircular die expanders that minimize split plane and bore distortion.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of half bearings with flanges rigidly connected thereto, made of a steel plate with an antifriction layer, in which the plain (i.e. not yet flanged) half bearing and a pair of flanges are produced and worked separately, and subsequently the two flanges are fixed, in the correct position, onto the half bearing by a welding operation carried out by projection or by condenser discharge. The preparation and working of the thus separate components results in being very economical owing both to the reduction of the operational costs and to a considerable reduction of the cost of the necessary equipment, and the production times are remarkably reduced. The welding step requires very short times and, by the suitable choice of the process used for the welding operation, no deterioration of the antifriction layer applied to the support steel plate occurs, nor any deformation of the plate itself, so that no further working on the finished piece is required.

Abstract: The heavy-duty performance of babbitt-lined, copper-lead based journal bearings is improved by a novel trimetallic barrier layer interposed between the babbitt and copper-lead layers. The trimetallic barrier layer contains the elements nickel, tin and copper in suitable proportions. In a preferred embodiment, the barrier layer consists of layers of nickel, tin and copper metals successively plated over the copper-lead base.