Abstract: Optical elements (light sources 16 or photodetectors 18) are arranged in a two-dimensional array, and the relative positional relationship between the optical elements and optical waveguides 12 is defined such that optical waveguides 12 extend between the optical elements in the two-dimensional array substantially parallel to substrate 19 for increased parallelism. Micromirrors 15 are disposed in respective optical waveguides 12 to bend light beams through 90 degrees to realize a highly efficient optical coupling between the optical elements and optical waveguides 12. The optical waveguides are stacked in multiple stages, and light beams are lead to the optical waveguides in the multiple stacks through micromirrors 15 across the stacked plane of the optical waveguides, thereby realizing parallel connection between the two-dimensional array of optical elements and a two-dimensional array of optical waveguides.

Abstract: An optical component includes at least one light-guiding element with a side surface extending between incident and emission faces between which light that is introduced into the incident face can propagate by internal reflection. Disposed over at least a portion of the side surface of at least one of the at least one light-guiding elements is an extramural absorption material that is configured to selectively absorb “stray light” that enters the incident face of the light-guiding element, but which exists through the side surface instead of the emission face. The absorption material is fabricated, at least in part, from an electro-chromic material exhibiting a translucency that is selectively adjustable in response to changes in at least one of (i) electrical current applied through at least a portion of the absorption material and (ii) an electrical potential difference applied between disparate locations within the absorption material.

Abstract: An electronic device includes an instrument panel that includes a display opening, where the instrument panel is located in a first plane; a circuit board located inside the electronic device, where the circuit board includes a display device that includes a display area, and where the display area is located in a second plane that is different from the first plane; and a waveguide that couples the display area to the display opening and guides light, and/or an image displayed in the display area, from the display area to the display opening.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an imaging system includes a processing system and a display generator. The processing system is operable to process a signal received from a camera to yield foveal data for a foveal display region and outer data for an outer display region. The outer data have a reduced pixel density with respect to the pixel density of the foveal data. The display generator is operable to generate the foveal display region from the foveal data according to a 1:n mapping ratio, and generate the outer display region from the outer data according to a 1:m mapping ratio, where m is greater than n.

Abstract: A method to generate random and density controllable dot patterns on an optical device includes steps of dividing a 2D domain into multiple cell units; determining dot density in each cell; creating at random initial location of dots in each cell; solving the force operation cut radius of the dot; setting up a residual force; solving the force control parameter in the cell; performing the force operation for the cell; making the dots in the cell to achieve balanced positions after repeated operation; completing the generation of a dot pattern within a 2D domain; and transferring the dot pattern to the optical device by a transfer printing equipment.

Abstract: A positron emission tomography scanner system that includes detector modules arranged adjacent to one another to form a cylindrical detector ring. Each of the detector modules includes an array of scintillation crystal elements, a plurality of photosensors arranged to cover the array of crystal elements and configured to receive light emitted from the array of crystal elements, and a fiber optics plate arranged between the array of scintillation crystal elements and the plurality of photosensors, the fiber optics plate including a plurality of fibers configured to guide the light emitted from the scintillation crystal to the plurality of photosensors.

Abstract: A multi-mode optical fiber delivers light from a radiation source to a multi-focal confocal microscope with reasonable efficiency. A core diameter of the multi-mode fiber is selected such that an etendue of light emitted from the fiber is not substantially greater than a total etendue of light passing through a plurality of pinholes in a pinhole array of the multi-focal confocal microscope. The core diameter may be selected taking into account a specific optical geometry of the multi-focal confocal microscope, including pinhole diameter and focal lengths of relevant optical elements. For coherent radiation sources, phase randomization may be included. A multi-mode fiber enables the use of a variety of radiation sources and wavelengths in a multi-focal confocal microscope, since the coupling of the radiation source to the multi-mode fiber is less sensitive to mechanical and temperature influences than coupling the radiation source to a single mode fiber.

Abstract: A waveguide connector includes a ferrule with a number of waveguides inserted thereinto. The ferrule includes a front mating surface, a rear surface, front and rear passageways extending through the front and the rear mating surfaces, respectively. The front and the rear passageways are in communication with each other while the front passageway is thinner than the rear passageway. The waveguide each includes a number of cores and a cladding layer enclosing the cores. The front part of the cladding layer is of rectangular shape and includes four peripheral surfaces which are so limited by four inner surfaces of the front passageway, respectively, so as to precisely position the waveguides.

Abstract: A method of producing a planar substrate having waveguide channels, which method comprises: (i) providing a tube (6) of a substrate material; (ii) depositing silica layers (110) on the inside of the tube (6), the silica layers (110) being doped with a photosensitive material; (iii) drawing the tube (6) so that the cross-sectional size of the tube (109) is reduced; (iv) before or after the reducing of the cross-sectional size of the tube (6), causing the tube (6) to collapse into a flat shape by applying a low pressure to the tube, whereby the deposited silica layers together form a photosensitive silica layer (111); (v) cutting to required lengths the tube (6) which has been collapsed and reduced in cross-sectional size; and (vi) using laser writing to define waveguide channels in the cut lengths of the tube (6) and thereby to produce the planar substrate having the waveguide channels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display and antenna arrangement comprising a primary display screen (30) and an antenna arrangement comprising a number of receiving and/or transmitting elements (1A11, 1A12,1A13) formed by an least in given areas electrically conductive layer and adapted to receive/transmit radio-, millimeter waves or microwaves. The electrically conductive layer is perforated and comprises a plurality of densely arranged holes (4m, . . . ) crossing the layer. Said holes (4111, . . . ) contain a dielectric material. The perforated conductive layer is provided on the front of the primary display screen, said holes being adapted to guide light/optical information from the primary display screen through the electrically conductive layer, the outer surface of which facing away from the primary display screen. Said outer surface is adapted to act as a secondary, functional display screen.

Abstract: A boule for making a multichannel plate (MCP) includes (a) at least two sets of rows of fibers, each set arranged to form a hexagonally shaped boundary of fibers, and (b) an additional row of fibers disposed between the two sets of hexagonally shaped boundary of fibers. The additional row of fibers includes a horizontally oriented row of fibers, which is packed on top of a horizontally oriented boundary of fibers. A fiber of the horizontally oriented row of fibers of the boundary is packed adjacent to two consecutive fibers of the additional row of fibers, forming a triangular shape of fibers. The triangular shape of fibers forms a maximum open area ratio (OAR) of at least 90 percent.

Abstract: A fiber optic includes a plurality of fibers each including a core made of core glass for propagating light and a cladding for covering an outer periphery of the core and made of cladding glass lower in refractive index than the core glass and an absorber glass arranged between the plurality of fibers and for absorbing light leaking from the plurality of fibers. The plurality of fibers are bundled and integrated. The absorber glass contains Fe3O4 being iron oxide crystals.

Abstract: An imaging device, particularly but not exclusively for use in a targeting sensor for missile seekers. The imaging device including at least one lens; a substantially planar sensor having a plurality of pixels; a light guiding arrangement for directing light received via said lenses toward said sensor; in which said light guiding arrangement includes a plurality of light guides.

Abstract: Optical faceplates and methods for manufacturing same are disclosed. An optical faceplate (10) includes a substrate (12) having a major surface, and an array (15) of optical fibers embossed on the substrate. The optical fibers have a length determined in accordance with a layer of material deposited on the substrate from which the optical fibers are formed, a depth of the features in a mold or stamp and a number of processing/stamping steps. A method includes forming (202) a layer on a substrate having a major surface, and processing (204) the layer to form an array of optical fibers transversely disposed to the major surface.

Abstract: In an FOP 1, a glass body 8 is configured by including antimicrobial glass portions 10 made of antimicrobial glass containing Ag2O. Here, the glass containing silver does not have chemical durability, so that it has properties to easily emit Ag ions due to moisture. Ag ions have an excellent antimicrobial effect. Therefore, by configuring the glass body 8 to include the antimicrobial glass portions 10 containing Ag2O, the glass body 8 can obtain a sterilization effect due to the action of Ag ions. Therefore, the FOP 1 can be provided with antimicrobial activities.

Abstract: Optical devices, components and methods for mounting optical fibers and for side-coupling light to/from optical fibers using a modified silicon V-groove, or silicon V-groove array, wherein V-grooves, which are designed for precisely aligning/spacing optical fibers, are “recessed” below the surface of the silicon. Optical fibers can be recessed below the surface of the silicon substrate such that a precisely controlled portion of the cladding layer extending above the silicon surface can be removed (lapped). With the cladding layer removed, the separation between the fiber core(s) and optoelectronic device(s) can be reduced resulting in improved optical coupling when the optical fiber silicon array is connected to, e.g., a VCSEL array.

Abstract: A device to emit light includes a light emitting diode (LED) die and a light guide coupled to the LED die. The light guide includes a first material having a first index of refraction with a plurality of apertures arranged in a grid. A second material having a second index of refraction that is larger than the first index of refraction fills the plurality of apertures. Each aperture extends from a first end adjacent the LED die to a larger second end. The first end may be a circle of approximately 1 to 2 ?m in diameter. The distance between the first and second ends may be from approximately 10 to 20 ?m. Each aperture may be in the form of a frustrated cone having an included angle between the sides from approximately 3 to 7 degrees. The light guide may be formed on a transparent substrate.

Abstract: A gasification distributed temperature sensing system is disclosed. The sensing system includes a gasification vessel and a harsh environment fiber sensing cable package disposed within the gasification vessel, the sensing cable package includes a thermally conductive enclosure and at least one sensor cable including a distributed array of high-temperature fiber Bragg grating sensors, wherein the sensors are disposed and hermetically sealed within the thermally conductive enclosure.

Abstract: A fiber optic faceplate fabricated using a series of stacked ribbon structures. Each ribbon structure comprises optical fiber segments that run from an input edge to an output edge with fixed input and output fiber-to-fiber spacing. Input and output edge spacers may be used to provide spacing between stacked ribbon structures. Ribbon structures may be provided individually or as one or more sheets of ribbon structures.

Abstract: An imaging module includes an optical fiber faceplate with an image-input face, a planar image-output face, and a plurality of adjacently fused, internally reflecting imaging conduits extending between the image-input and image-output faces. The constituent imaging conduits extend along conduit axes that mutually converge in a direction that such that an image inputted through the image-input face is reduced in size along at least one dimension for outputting through the image-output face. The imaging module further includes an imaging detector array including a plurality of photosensitive detector elements arranged in accordance with a predetermined array format. The faceplate is situated in front of the detector array such that light incident upon the image-input face is transmitted through the faceplate and optically communicated to the detector elements through the image-output face. Multiple imaging modules can be tiled in tight formations in order to form a larger format imaging array.

Abstract: A fiber-optic apparatus for receiving emitted radiation from a diode laser having at least one diode laser bar with a multiplicity of emitters which are arranged in at least one row alongside one another in the direction of their longitudinal axis. The fiber-optic apparatus has at least one optical fiber bundle that is associated with the diode laser bar and into which the laser beam is injected. Each emitter has a multiplicity of associated optical fibers. The optical fibers are hot-fused to one another under pressure and without regulation on the input side in order to form at least one fiber wedge with an inlet surface. The emitters of the diode laser bar are directly associated with at least one inlet surface in order to completely receive the laser light emitted from the diode laser bar.

Abstract: A boule for making a multichannel plate (MCP) includes (a) at least two sets of rows of fibers, each set arranged to form a hexagonally shaped boundary of fibers, and (b) an additional row of fibers disposed between the two sets of hexagonally shaped boundary of fibers. The additional row of fibers includes a horizontally oriented row of fibers, which is packed on top of a horizontally oriented boundary of fibers. A fiber of the horizontally oriented row of fibers of the boundary is packed adjacent to two consecutive fibers of the additional row of fibers, forming a triangular shape of fibers. The triangular shape of fibers forms a maximum open area ratio (OAR) of at least 90 percent.

Abstract: A microfabricated light collimating screen is provided. A microfabricated screen, in one form, is made from a photopolymer such as SU-8 material. It is able to collimate light in two dimensions and for improved degrees of collimation. It may also be directly patterned onto image sensors or light sources in order to achieve direct collimation. The fabrication method is large-area compatible and inexpensive. The proposed screens may be useful for position detection of objects, such as in the paper mover, in printers and copy machines.

Abstract: A method positions a first end of an optic fiber a distance from a target and applies a laser light to a second end of the optic fiber such that the laser light is guided by the optic fiber from the second end to the first end of the optic fiber and is emitted from the first end of the optic fiber toward the target as a beam of light. The beam of light has a first area of incidence at the target. The optic fiber is then bent such that the beam of light continues to reach the target and such that the area of incidence of the beam of light at the target changes without changing the distance between the first end of the optic fiber and the target. A device having two plates with raised portions inside a metal case is provided for bending the optic fiber.

Abstract: An optical component includes at least one light-guiding element with a side surface extending between incident and emission faces between which light that is introduced into the incident face can propagate by internal reflection. Disposed over at least a portion of the side surface of at least one of the at least one light-guiding elements is an extramural absorption material that is configured to selectively absorb “stray light” that enters the incident face of the light-guiding element, but which exists through the side surface instead of the emission face. The absorption material is fabricated, at least in part, from an electro-chromic material exhibiting a translucency that is selectively adjustable in response to changes in at least one of (i) electrical current applied through at least a portion of the absorption material and (ii) an electrical potential difference applied between disparate locations within the absorption material.

Abstract: A fiber optic includes a plurality of fibers each including a core made of core glass for propagating light and a cladding for covering an outer periphery of the core and made of cladding glass lower in refractive index than the core glass and an absorber glass arranged between the plurality of fibers and for absorbing light leaking from the plurality of fibers. The plurality of fibers are bundled and integrated. The absorber glass contains Fe3O4 being iron oxide crystals.

Abstract: In a fiber optic block 10 formed by bundling and integrating a plurality of optical fibers 11 each composed of a core region 12 and a clad region 13, an at least partially curved input end face 14 composed of one end of each optical fiber and a measurement surface having a curved surface shape of a to-be-measured object are pressed against each other. Then, an optical image formed by bringing the input end face into contact with the measurement surface and output from an output end face 15 of the fiber optic block is used to inspect the curved surface shape of the to-be-measured object. This allows a curved surface shape inspection method capable of inspecting the shape of a curved surface easily, a fiber optic block, and a curved surface shape inspection apparatus to be achieved.

Abstract: Preferred embodiments utilize a plurality of optical channels to effectively aim the light emitted by a liquid crystal display (LCD). Embodiments may also change the nominal and range of viewing angles of light in two or three dimensions in order to confine the emitted light towards the intended observer.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for nanolithography using nanoscale optics are disclosed herein. Submicron-scale structures may be obtained using standard photolithography systems with a de-magnifying lens. A de-magnifying lens for use in a standard photolithography system includes a film having a top surface, a bottom surface and a plurality of cylindrical channels containing a dielectric material; and an array of carbon nanotubes penetrating the film through the plurality of cylindrical channels, wherein an image on the top surface of the film is converted into a de-magnified image on the bottom surface of the film by the carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: An optical fiber array for insertion-positioning and arranging coated optical fibers in a substrate, in which a plurality of through-holes are formed, wherein a coating of a tip of the coated optical fiber is removed to expose a optical fiber, and wherein with the use of three substrates, the optical fiber of the coated optical fiber is inserted into through-holes of the first and second substrates and is positioned, and the coating of the coated optical fiber is inserted into a through-hole of the third substrate and is positioned.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical device which is used to form a fingerprint image. The inventive device comprises an optical plate having a first main face on which a finger is placed, a first side face comprising a converging mirror, and a second side face which is disposed opposite the first side face and which forms an output face, a focusing lens being disposed opposite said output face. According to the invention, the first main face forms an angle greater than 90° with output face, such that: the incidence of light rays on the first main face, inside the optical plate, is increased; the stray radiation at the output face is reduced; and a thinner plate can be used.

Abstract: An optical fiber line arranging guide groove capable of sensing optical signals is provided for detecting the status of optical signals in the optical fiber line. Through an optical detection circuit and a display element, the connection status of optical signals for the optical fiber line in the optical fiber line arranging guide groove is determined.

Abstract: A microchannel plate and a method of making same are disclosed. The microchannel plate has an active area and at least one solid glass pad. The active area has a plurality of microchannels formed therein. The solid glass pad or pads are formed within the active area, and preferably at peripheral locations, for mounting the microchannel plate. With this arrangement, shrinkage of the microchannel plate during fabrication and hydration induced swelling of the active area after fabrication of the microchannel plate do not result in catastrophic warping or cracking of the microchannel plate.

Abstract: The invention is to provide a multi-beam light source where the interval of core portions is reduced and the core portions are arranged on a straight line. The multi-beam light source includes a first substrate where a plurality of optical fibers each having a core portion and a clad portion surrounding the core portion coaxially are fixed at predetermined intervals, and a second substrate where a plurality of similar optical fibers are fixed at predetermined intervals. The first and second substrates are put and bonded on top of each other so that the core portion of each optical fiber on the second substrate is inserted between core portions of adjacent optical fibers on the first substrate, and the core portions of the optical fibers on the first and second substrate are arranged substantially on a straight line.

Abstract: A camera (1) has a tubular housing (3) having an emission window (7). A unitized optical fiber bundle (9) is provided on the inner surface of the housing (3) by utilizing a bundle of light guiding optical fibers on the inner surface. The unitized optical fiber bundle (9) is placed on and bonded to the inner surface of the housing (3) with the fibers bonded together by a bonding agent. An end section of the unitized optical fiber bundle (9) reaches the emission window (7) of the housing (3) to be exposed. The camera (1) has sufficient waterproof capability and is easy to produce, and capable of avoiding a decrease in the amount of light.

Abstract: The invention relates to a display device having a fiber-optic plate and a display with an image plane on which the image information of the display is generated, the fiber-optic plate comprising a fiber bundle with a multiplicity of fiber cores extending beside one another, which are enclosed by a cladding material and which transmit light from an entry face of the fiber-optic plate, facing the display, to an exit face of the fiber-optic plate, wherein the entry face of the fiber-optic plate lies further away from the image plane than the lateral dimension of the smallest image information representable by the display.

Abstract: An image reader for reading an image drawn on a paper or a sheet-like recording medium, an image processor provided with the image reader, such as a copying machine, a scanner and the like, and a fiber lens to be applied to those devices. The image processor has to be large in the whole size of device to read both sides of an original. Therefore, the image processor of the present invention comprises an image reader (10a) on the upper side of transport path and an image reader (10b) on the lower side of that respectively. In order to downsize the device, it is necessary to shorten the diameter of optical fiber (140) of the fiber lens (14) installed in the imager reader as light receiving means. In this case, the optical fiber (140) is provided with a light-absorbing layer 8(143) around of the optical fiber (140) in order to restrain the crosstalk and the flare phenomenon. The illuminance of light source means (15) installed in the image reader gets smaller as the device is downsized.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical fiber structure that allows for reliable and easy branching of optical fibers, as well as a method of manufacturing such optical fiber structure. The optical fiber structure proposed by the present invention is characterized by a structure wherein multiple optical fiber units, each comprising multiple optical fibers that are aligned two-dimensionally in such a way that one side is covered by a first covering body, are aligned so that the covered surfaces face the same direction, and the covered or uncovered surfaces of the multiple optical fiber units are integrally covered by a second covering body. The second covering body should preferably be made of silicone rubber having a tearing strength of 29 kgf/cm or below.

Abstract: A system is provided to monitor a structure within an outer casing of a gas turbine engine. The system may comprise an optical fiber bundle, a fiber bundle palette and a camera palette assembly. The optical fiber bundle may have first and second ends. The first end is adapted to pass through a bore in the outer casing of the gas turbine engine so as to be positioned adjacent the structure within the gas turbine engine casing to be monitored. The fiber bundle palette is adapted to be located outside of the engine casing to receive the second end of the optical fiber bundle. The camera palette assembly comprises a fixture movable relative to the fiber bundle palette and a first camera mounted to the fixture. The first camera is adapted to be positioned adjacent to the second end of the optical fiber bundle so as to receive electromagnetic radiation received by the first end of and transmitted through the optical fiber bundle.

Abstract: Well plates adaptable for specimen sampling in the biological, chemical and pharmaceutical sciences are fabricated by dissolving fusedly-retained cores from the cladding material of a fused fiber plate to define a capillary plate including first and second faces and a plurality of through-voids into which fluidic samples may be deposited for analysis. Closed-bottom wells are defined by bonding one of the first and second faces to a base plate or by securing into well-sealing positions over the open ends of selected through-voids optical elements, each of which optical elements exhibits a predetermined optical property. Cladding material including reducible ions is exposed to a reducing atmosphere in order to blacken selected regions of a well plate, thereby enhancing sample analysis by reducing such disadvantageous phenomena as autofluorescence.

Abstract: A method, system and computer program product for improving accuracy and experience of a game. Signals are sent from a computer system to appropriate sensors based on a player's or game object's position to activate connected light-emitting fibers that are blended with grass on a playing field. The light-emitting fibers are activated in such a manner to display light to indicate an infraction (e.g., a player was in an offside position), a successful play (e.g., team made a first down), appropriate maneuvers, boundaries for a play, etc., thereby ensuring the game is fair and accurate and enhancing the experience of the game.

Abstract: A display device includes an illuminating device having an optical waveguide plate for introducing light thereinto, a drive assembly having a planar array of actuators disposed in facing relation to the optical waveguide plate, a displacement transmitter assembly disposed between the optical waveguide plate and the drive assembly, and a light scattering layer disposed on the displacement transmitter assembly. The actuators are selectively displaceable to bring the light scattering layer into and out of contact with the optical waveguide plate, for controlling light that leaks from the optical waveguide plate as emitted light. The display device also includes an optical modulator for modulating the emitted light from the illuminating device to display an image. The illuminating device has a light reflecting layer disposed on at least a portion of the displacement transmitter assembly that confronts the optical waveguide plate.

Abstract: Disclosed arm an optical display device producing uniform light distribution and a method of fabricating such devices. The optical display device has waveguides arranged in vertical and horizontal directions. The waveguide has a conical shape whose cross-section decreases towards the light-projection side thereof. At least one of the size, height, spacing, and refraction index of the waveguide is designed to be different for each section, depending on an incident angle and/or intensity of light inputted from a light source. Therefore, the intensity of projected light can be made uniform over all sections of the optical device.

Abstract: Optical devices, components and methods for mounting optical fibers and for side-coupling light to/from optical fibers using a modified silicon V-groove, or silicon V-groove array, wherein V-grooves, which are designed for precisely aligning/spacing optical fibers, are “recessed” below the surface of the silicon. Optical fibers can be recessed below the surface of the silicon substrate such that a precisely controlled portion of the cladding layer extending above the silicon surface can be removed (lapped). With the cladding layer removed, the separation between the fiber core(s) and optoelectronic device(s) can be reduced resulting in improved optical coupling when the optical fiber silicon array is connected to, e.g., a VCSEL array.

Abstract: An image presentation device (100) with an associated optical light engine includes one or more semiconductor light emitting diodes or other such devices (122, 124, 126) that are combined to provide a source of light to a micro-display panel (150). Light integrators (128), preferably shaped to correspond to the shape of the light emitting devices, are located such that a portion of each terminal is positioned adjacent to or in direct contact with the light emitting surface of the semiconductor dies.

Abstract: The invention provides a fiber plate formed by arranging in mutually adjacent manner plural individual fiber plates of a same thickness so as to provide a light guiding plane larger in area than the light guiding plane of the individual one fiber plate, and a radiation image pickup apparatus utilizing such fiber plate, in which: each of the plural individual fiber plates is composed of a group of optical fibers having mutually parallel axes, and lateral faces of the plural individual fiber plates are mutually so bonded that the axes of the optical fibers thereof become mutually parallel.

Abstract: An optical waveguide for a touch panel which obviates a need for positioning a light receiving optical waveguide portion. The touch panel optical waveguide Al which is to be fitted around a periphery of a display screen of a display of a touch panel, the optical waveguide comprising light emitting cores 3 each having an end face provided on one of opposed portions disposed in opposed relation on opposite sides of the display screen of the display, and light receiving cores 3 each having an end face provided on the other of the opposed portions, wherein the cores 3 are provided on a surface of a planar frame-shaped under-cladding layer (frame) 2 having a shape conformable to the periphery of the display screen of the display.

Abstract: A light collection system includes at least one light source, a light tunnel having reflective walls and a collimating plate at the light output end of the tunnel. The collimating plate includes an optical element array. The element array receives the light emitted from the light source and outputs part of the light at a desired cone angle and reflects the remainder back into the tunnel toward the light source. The light is “recycled” in the tunnel until the light either exits the collection system through the collimating plate or gets absorbed within the collection system.

Abstract: The invention provides a fiber plate formed by arranging in mutually adjacent manner plural individual fiber plates of a same thickness so as to provide a light guiding plane larger in area than the light guiding plane of the individual one fiber plate, and a radiation image pickup apparatus utilizing such fiber plate, in which: each of the plural individual fiber plates is composed of a group of optical fibers having mutually parallel axes, and lateral faces of the plural individual fiber plates are mutually so bonded that the axes of the optical fibers thereof become mutually parallel.

Abstract: A retro-reflective sensor for sensing mechanical, chemical or temperature related information, is disclosed. The sensor is formed of an optical waveguide suitable for use in-situ in a high temperature environment having a Bragg grating written into a core region thereof with short-pulsed electromagnetic radiation, said optical waveguide having a glass transition temperature substantially higher than that of silica. Preferably the sensor is written into a length of sapphire fiber or within a zirconium waveguide. Preferably the pulse duration of the short pulsed electromagnetic radiation is less than 500 picoseconds.