Abstract: A method of making an optical fibre preform comprising providing a hollow outer tube of glass, providing a hollow primary capillary tube of glass with an outer diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the outer tube, positioning the primary capillary tube inside the outer tube such that an outer surface of the primary capillary tube lies against an inner surface of the outer tube along a contact line parallel to the longitudinal axes of the primary capillary tube and the outer tube, and bonding the primary capillary tube into its position inside the outer tube by directing a laser beam onto a surface of the outer tube or the primary capillary at one or more locations aligned with the contact line.

Abstract: An optical transmitter for transmitting a vector of information symbols over an optical fiber transmission channel made of a multi-core fiber, optical signals carrying the vector of information symbols propagating along the multi-core fiber according to two or more cores, wherein the optical transmitter includes a precoder configured to determine a precoding matrix depending on one or more fiber parameters associated with the multi-core fiber and to precode the vector of information symbols by multiplying the vector of information symbols by the precoding matrix.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes: a central core portion; an intermediate layer configured to surround an outer periphery of the central core portion; a trench layer configured to surround an outer periphery of the intermediate layer; and a cladding portion configured to surround an outer periphery of the trench layer. The central core portion is made of silica based glass that does not contain germanium (Ge). ?1>?2>?3 and ?Clad>?3, where ?1 represents an average maximum relative refractive-index difference of the central core portion relative to pure quartz glass, ?2 represents an average relative refractive-index difference of the intermediate layer relative to the pure quartz glass, ?3 represents an average relative refractive-index difference of the trench layer relative to the pure quartz glass, and ?Clad represents an average relative refractive-index difference of the cladding portion relative to the pure quartz glass. ?1 is equal to or larger than 0.05%.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, apparatus, and systems for providing an optical beam delivery system, comprising an optical fiber including a first length of fiber comprising a first RIP formed to enable, at least in part, modification of one or more beam characteristics of an optical beam by a perturbation assembly arranged to modify the one or more beam characteristics, the perturbation assembly coupled to the first length of fiber or integral with the first length of fiber, or a combination thereof and a second length of fiber coupled to the first length of fiber and having a second RIP formed to preserve at least a portion of the one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam modified by the perturbation assembly within one or more first confinement regions.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes: a core made of silica based glass; a cladding made of silica based glass, the cladding having a refractive index that is lower than a maximum refractive index of the core; and a coating including a primary coating layer, and a secondary coating layer. An outer diameter of the cladding is less than 100 ?m. A thickness of the primary coating layer is larger than or equal to 15 ?m. A mode field diameter at a wavelength of 1310 nm is larger than or equal to 8.6 ?m and smaller than or equal to 9.2 ?m. An effective cutoff wavelength is smaller than or equal to 1260 ?m. A bending loss at a wavelength of 1550 nm when bending is made at a diameter of 60 mm is smaller than or equal to 0.1 dB/100 turn.

Abstract: An example of an optical fiber includes an attenuating cladding disposed around a first waveguide (e.g., a core) and a waveguide (e.g., a waveguide cladding) disposed around the attenuating cladding. An attenuating cladding may be a doped layer that may be doped with, for example, a dopant comprising metal. A first waveguide and a second waveguide may each transmit light for a distinct sample characterization technique. An example of an optical fiber includes a core, a first intermediate cladding disposed around the core, an attenuating cladding disposed around the first intermediate cladding, an attenuating cladding disposed around the first intermediate cladding, a second intermediate cladding disposed around the attenuating cladding, a waveguide cladding disposed around the second intermediate cladding, and outer cladding disposed around the waveguide cladding, and an outer coating around the outer cladding. An optical fiber may be formed using a rod-in-tube process.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes: a core made of silica-based glass; a cladding configured to cover an outer circumference of the core and made of silica-based glass having a refractive index smaller than a maximum refractive index of the core; and a coating configured to cover an outer circumference of the cladding. The cladding has an outer diameter of 120 ?m or smaller, a mode field diameter at a wavelength of 1310 nm is 8.6 ?m to 9.2 ?m, an effective cut-off wavelength is 1260 ?m or smaller, and a bending loss at a wavelength of 1550 nm in a case of bending at a diameter of 20 mm is 0.75 dB/turn or smaller.

Abstract: Fiber bending mechanisms vary beam characteristics by deflecting or bending one or more fibers, by urging portions of one or more fibers toward a fiber shaping surface having a selectable curvature, or by selecting a fiber length that is to be urged toward the fiber shaping surface. In some examples, a fiber is secured to a flexible plate to conform to a variable curvature of the flexible plate. In other examples, a variable length of a fiber is pulled or pushed toward a fiber shaping surface, and the length of the fiber or a curvature of the flexible plate provide modification of fiber beam characteristics.

Abstract: The disclosure provides optical fibers that exhibit low macrobend loss at 1550 nm at bend diameters between 10 mm and 40 mm. The relative refractive index profile of the fibers includes a trench cladding region with small depth, large width and a trench volume configured to minimize macrobend loss at large and small bend diameters. The optical fiber includes an outer cladding region that surrounds and is directly adjacent to the trench cladding region and an optional offset cladding region between the trench cladding region and the core region. In some embodiments, the trench cladding region has a relative refractive index that decreases monotonically from the inner radius to the outer radius. The monotonic decrease in relative refractive index may have a constant slope. The low macrobend loss at large and small diameters makes the optical fibers well suited for space-constrained deployment environments, such as data centers.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes a glass portion, a primary coating layer, and a secondary coating layer. In the optical fiber, a value of microbend loss characteristic factor F?BL_G?? is 6.1 ([GPa?1·?m?2.5/rad8]·10?12) or less when represented by F?BL_G??=F?BL_G×F?BL_??, where F?BL_G is geometry microbend loss characteristic and F?BL_?? is optical microbend loss characteristic.

Abstract: A bare optical fiber manufacturing method includes applying an ultraviolet curable resin applied around an optical fiber; and irradiating the ultraviolet curable resin with ultraviolet light emitted from semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting elements, by use of an ultraviolet irradiation device having plural ultraviolet irradiation units each having plural positions where the ultraviolet light is emitted toward the ultraviolet curable resin, the plural positions being arranged on the same circle, the plural ultraviolet irradiation units being arranged in a traveling direction of the optical fiber such that the optical fiber passes centers of the circles, at least two of the plural ultraviolet irradiation units being differently arranged with respect to circumferential direction angles thereof around an axis that is the traveling direction of the optical fiber.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an optical fiber or the like that can be adapted to an optical transceiver for a short wavelength band of 850 nm or more and 1060 nm or less while maintaining compatibility with an SMF of the related art. An optical fiber of one embodiment includes a core, a cladding, and a resin coating, and has a mode field diameter of 8.2 ?m or more and 9.6 ?m or less at a wavelength of 1310 nm, a cable cutoff wavelength of an LP11 mode of 1060 nm or more and 1260 nm or less, and a cable cutoff wavelength of an LP02 mode of 1060 nm or less.

Abstract: An optical amplifier uses, in a gain medium, a multicore optical fiber having a plurality of cores, and comprises: an input-light power monitor that monitors the optical power of input light to the plurality of cores of the multicore optical fiber; an output-light power monitor that monitors the optical power of medium-passed output light from the plurality of cores that has passed through the multicore optical fiber; a crosstalk monitor that monitors the amount of inter-core crosstalk among the plurality of cores; and a controller that controls the pump-light power of pump light superimposed on the input light to the plurality of cores on the basis of the monitored optical power of input light, the monitored optical power of output light, and the monitored amount of inter-core crosstalk.

Abstract: Spliced multi-clad optical fibers with a cladding light stripper (CLS) encapsulating the splice. The splice may facilitate conversion between two optical fibers having different architectures, such as different core and/or cladding dimensions. The CLS may comprise a first length of fiber on a first side of the splice, and a second length of fiber on a second side of the splice, encapsulating the splice within the lengths of the CLS. The splice may abut one or more of the lengths of the CLS, or may be separated from one or more lengths of the CLS by an intermediate length of a first and/or second fiber joined by the splice.

Abstract: A composite optical fiber is provided for permitting sensing of multiple parameters. The optical fiber is for incorporation into a sensing system, the optical fiber comprising: a single mode optical fiber core, a multimode optical fiber core, and an optical fiber cladding layer surrounding the single mode optical fiber core and the multimode optical fiber core. The optical fiber provided preferably enables multiple sensing and/or measurements to take place at a single location and at a single time.

Abstract: A multi-core optical fiber includes: four cores arranged in a lattice shape along a longitudinal direction, each of the four cores having a step-index type refractive index distribution with a radius a; and a cladding region having a lower refractive index than that of each core and a diameter of 125±1 ?m and provided on an outer peripheral portion of each core, where an absolute value of a relative refractive index difference between each core and the cladding region is ?. The four cores are arranged so that a relationship between a minimum distance from the center of each core to an outer periphery of the cladding region, a minimum value ? of spacing between the cores, and the MFD satisfies a formula, and the radius a of each core and the relative refractive index difference ? between the core and the cladding region are set.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for a mechanical actuator based on a fiber optic platform. A material that is configured to be activated by light may be incorporated into an optical fiber that serves as both an actuator and a power delivery network. This platform is adaptable to different materials, types of motions, and length scales and allows for precise delivery of photons to the material.

Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to realize water immersion detection that does not require a replacement module, and does not cause any optical loss. The present disclosure relates to a device configured to measure guided acoustic wave Brillouin scattering in a measurement target optical fiber, and detect water immersion of the measurement target optical fiber based on a characteristic around a peak of the guided acoustic wave Brillouin scattering.

Abstract: This disclosure presents a docking station into which a test card can be inserted for rapid analyte detection and reporting. This docking station has portable capability and can include wire or wireless transmission to a local server or cloud-based server. A test card that has a test structure located on the test structure that includes a modified waveguide can be inserted into the and a docking station that includes a laser and interferometer provides for accurate and rapid detection of a test sample.

Abstract: The optical fibers disclosed is a single mode optical fiber comprising a core region and a cladding region surrounding and directly adjacent to the core region. The core region can have a radius r1 in a range from 3 ?m to 7 ?m and a relative refractive index profile ?1 having a maximum relative refractive index ?1max in the range from 0.25% to 0.50%. The cladding region can include a first outer cladding region and a second outer cladding region surrounding and directly adjacent to the first outer cladding region. The first outer cladding region can have a radius r4a. The second outer cladding region can have a radius r4b less than or equal to 45 ?m and comprising silica based glass doped with titania.

Abstract: In various embodiments, laser emissions are steered into different regions of an optical fiber, and/or into different optical fibers, in a temporal pattern such that an output has different spatial output profiles. The temporal pattern has a frequency sufficient such that a workpiece is processed by an effective output shape combining the different spatial output profiles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a universal optical fiber (100). The universal optical fiber (100) includes a core (102) extended from a central longitudinal axis (110) to a first radius r1. In addition, the universal optical fiber (100) includes a buffer clad (104) region extending from the first radius r1 to a second radius r2. Further, the universal optical fiber (100) includes a trench region (106) extending from the second radius r2 to a third radius r3. Furthermore, the universal optical fiber (100) includes a cladding (108) extending from the third radius to a fourth radius r4. Moreover, the core (102), the buffer clad region (104), the trench region (106) and the cladding (108) are concentrically arranged.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes: a central core portion; an intermediate layer; a trench layer; and a cladding portion. Further, ?1>?2>?3 and 0>?3 are satisfied, where ?1 is a relative refractive-index difference of the central core portion, ?2 is a relative refractive-index difference of the intermediate layer, and ?3 is a relative refractive-index difference of the trench layer with respect to the cladding portion, respectively, and (c?b) is smaller than 4.5 ?m when ?1 is equal to or larger than 0.36% and equal to or smaller than 0.40%, ?2 is equal to or larger than ?0.05% and equal to or smaller than 0.05%, |?3| is equal to or smaller than 0.25%, ?1×|?3| is equal to or smaller than 0.08%2, an inner diameter of the trench layer is 2b, and an outer diameter of the trench layer is 2c.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes: a core portion made of glass; and a cladding portion made of glass, having a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the core portion, and positioned on an outer periphery of the core portion. Further, the cladding portion has an outer diameter smaller than 100 ?m, and the core portion has a relative refractive-index difference of 0.32% to 0.40% with respect to the cladding portion.

Abstract: A shaped tube (50,51) for use as a component in the fabrication of an antiresonant hollow core optical fibre, the shaped tube having a side wall with a transverse cross-sectional shape comprising a number of major curved portions (52) alternating with the same number of minor substantially straight portions (54), each curved portion (52) having an inwardly curving shape, and each straight portion (54) being equidistant from a central longitudinal axis of the shaped tube (50,51).

Abstract: The optical fibers disclosed is a single mode optical fiber having a core region and a cladding region surrounding and directly adjacent to the core region. The core region can have a radius r1 in a range from 3.0 microns to 6.0 microns and a core volume V1 less than 6.0%-micron2. The cladding region can include a first outer cladding region and a second outer cladding region surrounding and directly adjacent to the first outer cladding region. The first outer cladding region can have a radius r4a, the second outer cladding region can have a radius r4b less than or equal to 65 microns and comprising silica based glass doped with titania. The disclosed single mode optical fiber can have a fiber cutoff wavelength ?CF less than 1530 nm.

Abstract: Some embodiments may include a packaged laser diode assembly, comprising: a length of optical fiber having a core and a polymer buffer in direct contact with the core, the length of optical fiber having a first section and a second section, the first section of the length of optical fiber including a tip of an input end of the optical fiber, wherein the polymer buffer covers only the second section of the first and second sections; one or more laser diodes to generate laser light; means for directing a beam derived from the laser light into the input end of the length of optical fiber; a light stripper attached to the core in the first section of the length of optical fiber. Other embodiments may be disclosed and/or claimed.

Abstract: A polarization-maintaining multi-core fiber includes a plurality of fiber core areas and a main outer cladding. The fiber core areas include one central fiber core area, and two or more than two outer fiber core areas equidistantly and uniformly arranged around the central fiber core area that is a polarization-maintaining fiber core area. Each outer fiber core area includes a fiber core and an inner cladding surrounding a core layer. A portion outside the fiber core areas is the main outer cladding. The fiber can greatly enhance spectral efficiency of an optical transmission system, and improve fiber communication capacity. The arrangement of the polarization-maintaining fiber core area provides a waveguide structure with a function of maintaining polarized light, which can be used for transmission of local light.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a matrix material for a rollable optical fibre ribbon. The rollable optical fibre ribbon includes a plurality of optical fibres and the matrix material. In addition, each of the plurality of optical fibres is placed parallel to other optical fibres of the plurality of optical fibres. Further, the matrix material joins the plurality of optical fibres. Furthermore, the matrix material has different glass transition temperature at different pressures.

Abstract: A multicore optical fiber comprises a common cladding and a plurality of core portions disposed in the common cladding. Each of the core portions includes a central axis, a core region extending from the central axis to a radius r1, the core region comprising a relative refractive index ?1, an inner cladding region extending from the radius r1 to a radius r2, the inner cladding region comprising a relative refractive index ?2, and a depressed cladding extending from the radius r2 to a radius r3, the depressed cladding region comprising a relative refractive index ?3 and a minimum relative refractive index ?3 min. The relative refractive indexes may satisfy ?1>?2>?3 min. The mode field diameter of each core portion may greater than or equal to 8.2 ?m and less than or equal to 9.5 ?m.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fibre (100). The optical fibre (100) includes a glass core (102), a trench region (106) and a cladding (108). The trench region (106) has a trench curve parameter ?trench in range of 5 to 8. The optical fibre (100) has a mode field diameter in range of 8.7 micrometers to 9.7 micrometers at wavelength of 1310 nanometer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fibre. The optical fibre includes a core, an inner cladding, a first trench region, an intermediate cladding, a second trench region, and an outer cladding. The core has a first radius. The inner cladding is defined by the first radius and a second radius of the optical fibre. The first trench region is defined by the second radius and a third radius. The first trench region. The intermediate cladding is defined by the third radius and a fourth radius. The second trench region is defined by the fourth radius and a fifth radius. The outer cladding is defined by the fifth radius and a sixth radius.

Abstract: An optical system measures one or more physiological parameters with a wearable device that includes a light emitting diode (LED) source including a driver and a plurality of semiconductor sources that generate an output optical light. One or more lenses deliver a lens output light to tissue of a user. A detection system receives at least a portion of the lens output light reflected from the tissue and generates an output signal having a signal-to-noise ratio. The detection system comprises a plurality of spatially separated detectors and an analog to digital converter. The detection system increases the signal-to-noised ratio by comparing a first signal with the LEDs off to a second signal with the LEDs on. An imaging system including a Bragg reflector is pulsed and has a near infrared wavelength. A beam splitter splits the light into a sample arm and a reference arm to measure time-of-flight.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the beam parameter product and/or beam shape of a laser beam is adjusted by coupling the laser beam into an optical fiber of a fiber bundle and directing the laser beam onto one or more in-coupling locations on the input end of the optical fiber. The beam emitted at the output end of the optical fiber may be utilized to process a workpiece.

Abstract: A low-dispersion single-mode fiber includes a core and claddings covering the core. The core layer has a radius in a range of 3-5 ?m and a relative refractive index difference in a range of 0.15% to 0.45%. The claddings comprise a first depressed cladding, a raised cladding, a second depressed cladding, and an outer cladding arranged sequentially from inside to outside. The first depressed cladding has a unilateral width in a range of 2-7 ?m and a relative refractive index difference in a range of ?0.4% to 0.03%. The raised cladding has a unilateral width in a range of 2-7 ?m and a relative refractive index difference in a range of 0.05% to 0.20%. The second depressed cladding has a unilateral width in a range of 0-8 ?m and a relative refractive index difference in a range of 0% to ?0.2%. The outer cladding is formed of pure silicon dioxide glass.

Abstract: An array-type polarization-maintaining multi-core fiber includes a main outer cladding, fiber core units, and stress units. The fiber core units and the stress units are arranged to form a unit array including one central unit and any unit in the unit array being equidistantly arranged from adjacent units thereof. Provided is at least one pair of stress units, each pair of stress units being arranged symmetrical about one fiber core unit to form a polarization-maintaining fiber core unit. The fiber core units each include a fiber core and an inner cladding surrounding a core layer. A portion outside the fiber core units and the stress units is the main outer cladding. The fiber can greatly enhance spectral efficiency of an optical transmission system, and improve fiber communication capacity.

Abstract: A multicore optical fiber comprising: a depressed index common-cladding region having a refractive index ?cc; and a plurality of core portions disposed within the depressed index common-cladding region, wherein each core portion comprises: a central axis, a core region comprising a relative refractive index ?1, an inner-cladding region encircling and directly contacting the core region comprising a relative refractive index ?2, a trench region encircling and directly contacting the inner cladding region comprising a relative refractive index ?3, and an outer-cladding region encircling and directly contacting the trench region comprising a relative refractive index ?4, wherein the refractive index of the depressed index common-cladding region ?cc is less than the refractive index of the outer-cladding region ?4, and wherein a difference between the refractive index of the depressed index common-cladding region ?cc and the refractive index of the first outer-cladding region ?4 is greater than 0.05% ?.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes: a central core portion; an intermediate layer formed around an outer circumference of the central core portion; a trench layer formed around an outer circumference of the intermediate layer; and a cladding portion formed around an outer circumference of the trench layer. Further, when, relative to the cladding portion, a relative refractive-index difference of the central core portion is ?1, a relative refractive-index difference of the intermediate layer is ?2, and a relative refractive-index difference of the trench layer is ?3, relationships ?1>?2>?3 and 0>?3 are satisfied and ?1 is equal to or greater than 0.34% and equal to or less than 0.40%, |?3| is equal to or less than 0.25%, and ?1×|?3| is less than 0.08%2.

Abstract: A fiber-to-chip coupler includes a substrate, a waveguide on a top surface of the substrate, an optical fiber axially aligned to the waveguide, and a cap. The waveguide has a uniform region with uniform width and a tapered-waveguide region having a width that adiabatically increases from a minimum width to the uniform width. The optical fiber has a tapered fiber tip having a minimum core diameter, a cylindrical section having a maximum core diameter, and a tapered-fiber section therebetween. The optical fiber is located at least in part above the tapered-waveguide region, and has a core diameter that adiabatically decreases within a taper length of the tapered-fiber section. The cap extends from the tapered fiber tip toward the cylindrical section, is formed of a second material having a cap refractive index that exceeds a refractive index of the optical fiber, and includes a cap-region disposed on the tapered-waveguide region.

Abstract: A low-dispersion single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding covering the core. The core has a relative refractive index difference of 0.30-0.65% and a radius of 2.5-4.5 ?m. The cladding layer including first, second, third cladding layers and an outer cladding arranged sequentially from inside to outside. The first cladding layer covers the core, and has a relative refractive index difference of ?0.70% to ?0.30% and a radius of 4.5-7.5 ?m. The second cladding layer covers the first cladding layer, and has a relative refractive index difference of ?0.20% to 0.25% and a radius of 7.0-12.0 ?m. The third cladding layer covers the second cladding layer, and has a relative refractive index difference of ?0.60% to 0.00% and a radius of 10.0-20.0 ?m. The outer cladding covers the third cladding layer, and is a layer made of pure silicon dioxide glass.

Abstract: A quantum communications system includes a quantum key generation system having a photonic quantum bit generator, a low loss dispersion limiting fiber having a length L, for example greater than 200 km, and a photon detector unit and a communications network having a signal generator, a signal channel, and a signal receiver. The low loss dispersion limiting fiber extends between and optically couples the photonic quantum bit generator and the photon detector unit. Further, the low loss dispersion limiting fiber is structurally configured to limit dispersion at an absolute dispersion rate of about 9 ps/(nm)km or less, and preferably 0.5 ps/(nm)km or less, and induce attenuation at an attenuation rate of about 0.175 dB/km or less such that the quantum key bit information of a plurality of photons output by the one or more photonic quantum bit generators is receivable at the photon detector unit at a bit rate of at least 10 Gbit/sec.

Abstract: A first fiber is connected to a first end of a third fiber doped with a rare earth element, and a second fiber is connected to a second end of the third fiber. In the third fiber doped with the rare earth element, a central portion of a core is more heavily doped with the rare earth element than a peripheral portion of the core is.

Abstract: A method of forming an optical fiber preform includes: flowing a silicon halide and an oxidizer inside of a substrate tube, wherein a molar ratio of the silicon halide to the oxidizer is from about 1.5 to about 5.0; applying a plasma to the substrate tube to heat the substrate tube to a temperature of from about 1000° C. to about 1700° C.; and depositing silica glass comprising a halogen inside the substrate tube.

Abstract: A multi-core fiber includes: plural cores made of silica-based glass; and a cladding enclosing the plural cores and made of silica-based glass, the cladding having a refractive index lower than a maximum refractive index of the plural cores. Further, the multi-core fiber has a mode field diameter of 5.0 ?m or larger at a wavelength of 1100 nm, the multi-core fiber provides single-mode propagation at the wavelength of 1100 nm, the multi-core fiber has a bending loss of 1 dB/turn or less at the wavelength of 1100 nm when the multi-core fiber is bent at a radius of 2 mm, and the multi-core fiber has a crosstalk between cores of ?30 dB/km or less.

Abstract: An optical fiber according to an embodiment includes a core and a cladding. The average value n1_ave of the refractive index of the core, the minimum value nc_min of the refractive index of the cladding, and the refractive index n0 of pure silica glass satisfy relationships of n1_ave>nc_min and nc_min<n0. The cladding contains fluorine. The fluorine concentration in the cladding is adjusted to be minimum in the outermost portion of the cladding including the outer peripheral surface of the cladding.

Abstract: Aspects described herein include a mode multiplexer comprising a first optical waveguide extending between a first port and a second port. A first input mode of an optical signal entering the first port is propagated through the first optical waveguide to the second port. The mode multiplexer further comprises a second optical waveguide configured to evanescently couple with a coupling section of the first optical waveguide. A second input mode of the optical signal entering the first port is propagated through the second optical waveguide to a third port. The first optical waveguide further defines a filtering section between the coupling section and the second port, the filtering section configured to filter the second input mode.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an amplified spontaneous emission source, which in turn includes an optical fiber. The optical fiber includes a solid core and a first end. The solid core includes a silica matrix. The silica matrix includes a rare-earth element and a glass co-dopant. The rare-earth element includes dysprosium or neodymium. The glass co-dopant includes Al2O3. The apparatus further includes a laser pump diode coupled to the first end of the optical fiber. The laser pump diode and the optical fiber cooperate to generate a spontaneous spectral emission confined to the solid core. The spontaneous spectral emission includes a simultaneous plurality of spectral regions.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fibre. The optical fibre includes a core region, a primary trench region and a secondary trench region. The core region has a radius r1. In addition, the core region has a relative refractive index ?1. Further, the primary trench region has a relative refractive index ?3. Furthermore, the primary trench region has a curve parameter ?trench-1. Moreover, the secondary trench region has a relative refractive index ?4. Also, the secondary trench region has a curve parameter ?trench-2.

Abstract: An optically powered Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna may use a fiber-optic link to receive optical power and transmit an optical signal that contains a common time signal from one or more satellites, which may allow long-distance power and signal transmission with high efficiency and reliability. The common time signal may be used to synchronize intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) of an electric power delivery system.

Abstract: A method of measuring a diameter of a core portion of an optical fiber preform including the core portion having a relatively high refractive index and a clad portion having a relatively low refractive index. The method includes applying parallel light to the optical fiber preform, and measuring the diameter of the core portion from an image captured by receiving the light having transmitted through the optical fiber preform.