Abstract: A method for manufacturing an optical fiber preform including a core part and a cladding part is disclosed. The method includes: adding an alkali metal to an inner surface of a silica-based glass pipe; etching the inner surface of the silica-based glass pipe to which the alkali metal is added; making a glass rod by collapsing the silica-based glass pipe after the etching; and making an optical fiber preform using the glass rod. The silica-based glass pipe is heated in the adding such that a surface temperature of the silica-based glass pipe falls within a temperature range of 1500° C. or higher to lower than 2000° C.

Abstract: Included are an optical waveguide including a first cladding layer formed on a substrate; a core formed on the first cladding layer; and a second cladding layer formed on the first cladding layer so as to cover the core. At least one of the first cladding layer and the second cladding layer is composed of a cladding material of silicon oxide containing deuterium atoms. The number of hydrogen atoms contained in the cladding material is smaller than the number of the deuterium atoms contained in the cladding material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an optical fiber preform for obtaining an optical fiber with low transmission loss. A core preform included in the optical fiber preform comprises three or more core portions, which are each produced by a rod-in-collapse method, and in which both their alkali metal element concentration and chlorine concentration are independently controlled. In two or more manufacturing steps of the manufacturing steps for each of the three or more core portions, an alkali metal element is added. As a result, the mean alkali metal element concentration in the whole core preform is controlled to 7 atomic ppm or more and 70 atomic ppm or less.

Abstract: A medication delivery device for treatment of a pulmonary disorder in a patient includes an elongate member, an expandable member is coupled to a distal end of the elongate member, and an agent delivery portion coupled to an external surface of the expandable member. The agent delivery portion includes an agent that disrupts nerve activity.

Abstract: Provided is a composite cable pair with which it is possible to reduce the difference in durability between a right-wheel composite cable and a left-wheel composite cable. A composite cable pair includes a right-wheel composite cable and a left-wheel composite cable. One end of the composite cable is fixed to a cable fixing portion on the vehicle body side or the chassis side of an automobile, and the other end thereof is fixed to a cable fixing portion on the right wheel side. One end of the composite cable is fixed to a cable fixing portion on the vehicle body side or the chassis side of the automobile, and the other end thereof is fixed to a cable fixing portion on the left wheel side. Wires of the respective wire bundles of the composite cable and the composite cable are twisted in twisting directions that are opposite to each other so that the twisting is tightened, without loosening, by an operation of the handle.

Abstract: A backlight module for curved liquid crystal display device and a curved liquid crystal display device are disclosed. The backlight module comprises a backplate, a light guide plate and a backlight source that are arranged in the backplate, and quantum tubes that are arranged between the light guide plate and the backlight source, wherein a fold line which matches a curved surface of the curved liquid crystal display device is formed by the quantum tubes. In the backlight module, the fold line that is formed by the quantum tubes can be fitted into a curved line so as to match the curved surface of the curved liquid crystal display device. The quantum tubes can be applied to the curved liquid crystal display device through this arrangement, whereby the color purity of the curved liquid crystal display device can be improved, and the color gamut thereof can be enlarged.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods related to or that employ chalcogenide memory components and compositions are described. A component of a memory cell, such as a selector device, storage device, or self-selecting memory device, may be made of a chalcogenide material composition. A chalcogenide material may have a composition that includes one or more elements from the boron group, such as boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, or thallium. The chalcogenide material, for instance, may have a composition of selenium, germanium, and at least one of boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, or thallium. The chalcogenide material may in some cases also include arsenic, but may in some cases lack arsenic.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a waveguide amplifier. The waveguide amplifier has a substrate including an upper surface and a lower surface. The waveguide amplifier also has a core made of silicon or silicon nitride formed on an upper surface of the substrate. The core includes a channel configured to transmit light there through. The waveguide amplifier also includes an upper cladding layer formed above the core. The upper cladding layer includes a glass doped with rare earth material. The application is also directed to a method of amplifying a signal.

Abstract: Provided is an optical fiber containing an alkali metal element or the like having a smaller diffusion coefficient than K and having a low Rayleigh scattering loss. An optical fiber is composed of silica glass and includes a core and a cladding arranged to surround the core which has a lower refractive index than the core. The core includes a first core including a central axis and a second core arranged to surround the first core. The average concentration of an alkali metal element or alkaline-earth metal element in the first core is 10 mol ppm or less. The average concentration of chlorine in the first core is 2000 mol ppm or more. The average concentration of an alkali metal element or alkaline-earth metal element in the second core is 10 mol ppm or more. The average concentration of chlorine in the second core is 10 to 600 mol ppm.

Abstract: An optical fiber with ultra-low attenuation and large effective-area includes a core layer and cladding layers. The cladding layers have an inner cladding layer surrounding the core layer, a trench cladding layer surrounding the inner cladding layer, an auxiliary outer cladding layer surrounding the trench cladding layer, and an outer cladding layer surrounding the auxiliary outer cladding layer. The core layer has a radius of 4.8-6.5 ?m, and a relative refractive index difference of ?0.06% to 0.10%. The inner cladding layer has a radius of 9-15 ?m, and a relative refractive index difference of about ?0.40% to ?0.15%. The trench cladding layer has a radius of about 12-17 ?m, and a relative refractive index difference of about ?0.8% to ?0.3%. The auxiliary outer cladding layer has a radius of about 37-50 ?m, and a relative refractive index difference of about ?0.6% to ?0.25%. The outer cladding layer is a pure silicon-dioxide glass layer.

Abstract: In at least some embodiments, a disclosed subsea cable includes one or more floodable optical fiber conduits each having at least one tight buffered optical fiber for transporting optical signals. Each tight buffered optical fiber may have a relatively limited length. The subsea cable may further include multiple strength members contra-helically wound around or together with the one or more floodable optical fiber conduits. There may also or alternatively be included at least one hermetically sealed optical fiber conduit having at least one protected optical fiber spliced to one of the tight buffered optical fibers. At least some implementations splice each of the tight buffered optical fibers to corresponding protected fibers for the long-haul communications. Flooding of the floodable conduits may be provided via connectors at the subsea cable ends, via breakout locations where sensors are attached, and/or via vents in the conduit wall.

Abstract: In various approaches room-temperature gamma detector longevity may be improved by selectively removing, or selectively incorporating, alternate halogen component(s) from select surfaces of the detector. According to one embodiment, a method of improving operational longevity of a thallium bromide (TlBr)-based detector includes: selectively treating one or more surfaces of the TlBr-based detector to produce a surface substantially comprising pure TlBr. Similar techniques may be employed to restore a degraded or failed detector. According to another embodiment, a method of forming a TlBr-based detector exhibiting improved operational longevity includes: selectively treating one or more surfaces of the TlBr-based detector to replace Br therein with one or more alternate halogen components while also substantially avoiding replacing some or all of the Br in other surfaces of the TlBr-based detector with the one or more alternate halogen components.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a planar waveguide amplifier. The planar waveguide amplifier includes a substrate having an upper surface and a lower surface. The planar waveguide amplifier includes a core formed on an upper surface of the substrate. The core includes a channel configured to transmit light there through. The planar waveguide amplifier also includes an upper cladding layer formed above the core. The upper cladding layer includes a glass doped with rare earth material in an amount less than about 5% of the upper cladding layer. The application is also directed to a method of amplifying a signal.

Abstract: A fiber optic sensor for use in environments containing darkening agents, e.g., hydrogen. The sensor includes a multicore fiber or a fiber optic cable containing a number of optical signal paths. Each path includes a sensing core segment and one or more transmission core segments. The sensing core segment is configured to (i) produce optical perturbation signals (e.g., Raman or Rayleigh) at one or more locations along the segment, the perturbation signals corresponding to environmental conditions (e.g., temperature) sensed by the segment at a corresponding location, and (ii) allow the perturbation signals to be detected by measurement equipment coupled to the sensor when light signals from a given source excite the path. The transmission core segments in a selected path subject the perturbation signals to little if any further attenuation relative to the attenuation induced in the sensing core segments in reaction to the darkening agents.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a low-loss alkali metal-doped silica core optical fiber having excellent hydrogen resistance. The method for producing the optical fiber according to the present invention includes a drawing step of drawing an optical fiber preform in a drawing furnace to produce a silica glass-based optical fiber including a core region containing an alkali metal with an average concentration of 0.5 atomic ppm or more and a cladding region that surrounds the core region and a heating step of heating the optical fiber in a heating furnace through which the optical fiber drawn from the drawing furnace passes.

Abstract: Chalcogenide glass-ceramic having, for example, the following composition GeSe2—Sb2Se3—CuI, this glass-ceramic comprising at least one crystalline phase, characterised in that the crystallisation rate and the dimensions of the crystals in the crystalline phase are such that the crystals are substantially in contact with each other in such a way that this crystalline phase has an electrical conductivity greater than or equal to 10?4 s·cm?1 which increases under lighting due to the creation of charge carriers within the crystalline phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a crystal fiber, and more particularly to a Ti: sapphire crystal fiber, a manufacturing method thereof, and a wide band light source with the same. The Ti: sapphire single crystal is grown by means of laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG) method into a crystal fiber of a predetermined diameter. The as-grown crystal fiber is annealed for enhancing its fluorescence and reducing the infra-red residual absorption. The annealed crystal fiber is inserted into a glass capillary and is grown into a single-clad crystal fiber. The wide band light source comprises: a pumping source for providing a pumping light; a single-clad Ti: sapphire crystal fiber for absorbing the pumping light and emitting the wide band light.

Abstract: Generating broadband light downhole for wellbore application. A laser source is configured to reside outside a wellbore and produce a seed light pulse at a first wavelength spectrum. A converter is configured to be received inside the wellbore, remote from the laser source. The converter receives the seed light pulse at the first wavelength spectrum through one or more fiber optic cables, and generates light at a second wavelength spectrum that has a broader range than the first wavelength spectrum.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a glass perform, includes: a dummy tube section, a reservoir portion, and a cooling portion; and a glass tube section in which particles of an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound which have flowed into the glass tube section from the dummy tube section are heated by a second heat source which performs traverse, and oxides of the particles being deposited on an inner wall and dispersed in the glass tube section. In the cooling portion of the dummy tube section, vapor of the alkali metal compound or the alkaline earth metal compound generated by heating of a first heat source is cooled and condensed by a dry gas flowing into the dummy tube section, and thereby the particles are generated.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for synthesizing nanocomposite materials including ferromagnetic nanoparticles with polymer shells formed by controlled surface polymerization. The polymer shells prevent the nanoparticles from forming agglomerates and preserve the size dispersion of the nanoparticles. The nanocomposite particles can be further networked in suitable polymer hosts to tune mechanical, optical, and thermal properties of the final composite polymer system. An exemplary method includes forming a polymer shell on a nanoparticle surface by adding molecules of at least one monomer and optionally of at least one tethering agent to the nanoparticles, and then exposing to electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength selected to induce bonding between the nanoparticle and the molecules, to form a polymer shell bonded to the particle and optionally to a polymer host matrix. The nanocomposite materials can be used in various magneto-optic applications.

Abstract: A planar optical waveguide amplifier includes an active optical waveguide (203) containing rare-earth ions embedded in a passive optical waveguide (202) that guides the pump power.

Abstract: An optical fiber containing an alkali metal element and exhibiting low attenuation as well as excellent radiation resistance is provided. The optical fiber of the present invention has a core region and a cladding region enclosing the core region. The core region contains alkali metal elements by an average concentration of 0.2 atomic ppm or more. The attenuation at a wavelength of 1550 nm after irradiating with the radiation of 0.10 Gy or more of cumulative absorbed dose increases by 0.02 dB/km or less as compared with the attenuation exhibited prior to radiation exposure.

Abstract: Examples of the present invention include integrated erbium-doped waveguide lasers designed for silicon photonic systems. In some examples, these lasers include laser cavities defined by distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) formed in silicon nitride-based waveguides. These DBRs may include grating features defined by wafer-scale immersion lithography, with an upper layer of erbium-doped aluminum oxide deposited as the final step in the fabrication process. The resulting inverted ridge-waveguide yields high optical intensity overlap with the active medium for both the 980 nm pump (89%) and 1.5 ?m laser (87%) wavelengths with a pump-laser intensity overlap of over 93%. The output powers can be 5 mW or higher and show lasing at widely-spaced wavelengths within both the C- and L-bands of the erbium gain spectrum (1536, 1561 and 1596 nm).

Abstract: A chip-scale scanning lidar includes a two dimensional (2D) scanning micromirror for a transmit beam and a 2D scanning micromirror for a receive beam, a laser diode and a photodetector, a first waveguide and first grating outcoupler coupled to a front facet of the laser diode, a second waveguide and a second grating outcoupler coupled to a rear facet of the laser diode on a substrate. A first fixed micromirror, a second micromirror, a third micromirror, and a focusing component are in a dielectric layer bonded to the substrate over the laser diode and photodetector. The photodetector is optically coupled to the second fixed micromirror and the third fixed micromirror for coherent detection.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a primary preform including providing a hollow substrate tube, supplying to the interior of the tube a main gas flow containing at least one glass-forming gas and at least one secondary gas flow containing at least one precursor for a dopant, creating a plasma reaction zone in the interior of the tube to effect deposition, and interrupting the supply of the at least one secondary gas flow near the reversal points of the supply and discharge sides of the substrate tube.

Abstract: The present invention includes an exposure chamber configured to contain a passivating gas having a selected hydrogen concentration, the exposure chamber further configured to contain at least one NLO crystal for exposure to the passivating gas within the chamber, a passivating gas source fluidically connected to the exposure chamber, the passivating gas source configured to supply passivating gas to an interior portion of the exposure chamber, and a substrate configured to hold the NLO crystal within the chamber, the substrate further configured to maintain a temperature of the NLO crystal at or near a selected temperature, the selected temperature being below a melting temperature of the NLO crystal.

Abstract: The embodiments herein provides methods for forming a PVD silicon oxide or silicon rich oxide, or PVD SiN or silicon rich SiN, or SiC or silicon rich SiC, or combination of the preceding including a variation which includes controlled doping of hydrogen into the compounds heretofore referred to as SiOxNyCz:Hw, where w, x, y, and z can vary in concentration from 0% to 100%, is produced as a hardmask with optical properties that are substantially matched to the photo-resists at the exposure wavelength. Thus making the hardmask optically planarized with respect to the photo-resist. This allows for multiple sequences of litho and etches in the hardmask while the photo-resist maintains essentially no optical topography or reflectivity variations.

Abstract: An optical fiber preform includes a core portion, in which the core portion includes an alkali-metal-doped core glass portion doped with an alkali metal, the maximum concentration of oxygen molecules in the core portion is 30 mol ppb or more, and the average concentration of the alkali metal in the core portion is 5 atomic ppm or more. A method of manufacturing an optical fiber preform includes an alkali-metal-doping step of doping a pipe composed of silica-based glass with an alkali metal, an oxygen-molecule-doping step of doping the glass pipe with oxygen molecules, and a collapsing step of collapsing the glass pipe by heating the glass pipe, in which the optical fiber preform is manufactured.

Abstract: An optical fiber preform has a core portion having a first core portion including a central axis, a second core portion disposed around the first core portion, and a third core portion disposed around the second core portion. The first core portion contains 10 atomic ppm or more of an alkali metal and 10 to 600 atomic ppm of chlorine, the second core portion contains 10 atomic ppm or less of the alkali metal and 10 to 600 atomic ppm of chlorine, and the third core portion contains 10 atomic ppm or less of the alkali metal and 2,000 atomic ppm or more of chlorine. An optical fiber has a core region doped with an alkali metal and chlorine, wherein the minimum concentration of chlorine in the core region is 1,000 atomic ppm or more, and the average concentration of the alkali metal therein is 0.2 atomic ppm or more.

Abstract: The invention provides a resin-coated optical fiber, including at least: a glass optical fiber composed of a core and a clad for coating the core; a primary layer made of UV-curing resin in contact with the glass optical fiber; and a secondary layer made of the UV-curing resin disposed on an outer periphery of the primary layer, wherein the primary layer has a two-layer structure of an inner layer in contact with a surface of the clad, and an outer layer for coating the inner layer, wherein the UV-curing resin of the inner layer has a Young's modulus of 0.9 MPa or more and 3.0 MPa or less at room temperature in a film state based on JIS standard K7113, and the UV-curing resin of the outer layer has a Young's modulus of 0.1 MPa or more and 0.7 MPa or less at room temperature in a film state based on JIS standard K7113.

Abstract: Provided is a method of producing a preform 10P for a coupled multi-core fiber including: an arranging process P1 for arranging a plurality of core glass bodies 11R and a clad glass body 12R in such a way that the plurality of core glass bodies 11R are surrounded by the clad glass body 12R; and a collapsing process P2 for collapsing a gap between the core glass bodies 11R and the clad glass body 12R, wherein the respective core glass bodies 11R have outer regions 16 having a predetermined thickness from the periphery surfaces and made of silica glass undoped with germanium, and the clad glass body 12R is made of silica glass having a refractive index lower than a refractive index of the outer regions of the core glass bodies 11R.

Abstract: An electro-optical modulator with two electrodes as part of a transmission line of a first phase modulator and two electrodes as part of a transmission line of a second phase modulator included in two arms of a Mach-Zehnder-interferometer. An electrical controller applies a first electrical high-frequency-modulated voltage signals between the first and second electrodes and applies a second electrical high-frequency-modulated signals between the fourth and third electrodes. The electrical controller applies signals such that voltages applied to the first and fourth electrodes have substantially a same high-frequency content, and voltages applied to the second and third electrodes have substantially the same high-frequency content. In such configuration, a constant voltage offset is produced by either the voltages applied to the first and fourth electrodes or, the second and third electrodes. Thereby, cross-talk between electrodes, electrical losses, device size and fabrication costs may be reduced.

Abstract: An IR supercontinuum source for generating supercontinuum in the MIR or possibly LWIR spectral bands comprises a supercontinuum fiber formed from a heavy metal oxide host glass having low optical loss and high non-linearity over the spectral band that is stable, strong and chemically durable. The supercontinuum fiber is suitably a depressed inner clad fiber configured to support only single transverse spatial mode propagation of the pump signal and supercontinuum. The source suitably includes a tapered depressed inner clad fiber to couple the pump signal into the supercontinuum fiber. The source may be configured as an “all-fiber” source.

Abstract: A light guide has a transmission of greater than 90 percent, a refractive index greater than 1.4, and less than 10 haze percent. The light guide also includes an organosiloxane block copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of at least 20,000 g/mole. The organosiloxane block copolymer includes 40 to 90 mole percent disiloxy units of the formula [R12SiO2/2] arranged in linear blocks each having an average of from 10 to 400 disiloxy units [R12SiO2/2] per linear block, 10 to 60 mole percent trisiloxy units of the formula [R2SiO3/2] arranged in non-linear blocks each having a weight average molecular weight of at least 500 g/mol, and 0.5 to 25 mole percent silanol groups [?SiOH]. R1 is independently a C1 to C30 hydrocarbyl and R2 is independently a C1 to C20 hydrocarbyl. Moreover, at least 30% of the non-linear blocks are crosslinked with another non-linear block and aggregated in nano-domains.

Abstract: A planar waveguide with a glass core and a crystalline cladding. In a specific embodiment, the core is doped preferably with Neodymium, Ytterbium, or Erbium. In the best mode, the core is athermal glass with a refractive index uniformity 10?6 or better and the crystalline cladding has a refractive index lower than that of the core by 10?4 to 10?3 with a refractive index uniformity of 10?4. The cladding has high transparency at pump and lasing wavelengths. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the cladding is close to that of the core. In illustrative embodiments, the cladding is Sapphire and the core is aluminate glass. In an alternative embodiment, the cladding is crystal quartz and the core—is phosphate glass. By utilizing different materials for the core and cladding, the properties of each are optimized.

Abstract: A semiconductor optical modulator includes a substrate; and a mesa portion having a first cladding layer disposed on the substrate, a core layer disposed on the first cladding layer, and a second cladding layer disposed on the core layer, the first cladding layer having a first conductivity type, the second cladding layer having a second conductivity type reverse to the first conductivity type. The core layer includes a first multi quantum well structure made from a first conductivity type semiconductor layer and a second multi quantum well structure made from an i-type semiconductor layer in which no impurity is intentionally doped. The second multi quantum well structure is disposed on the first cladding layer. The first multi quantum well structure is disposed on the second multi quantum well structure. The second cladding layer is disposed on the first multi quantum well structure.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention includes a method for forming an optical fiber. The method comprises providing a preform having a core material and a glass cladding material surrounding the core material. The method also comprises drawing the preform at a temperature that is greater than a melting temperature of the core material to form a drawn fiber. The method further comprises cooling the drawn fiber to form the optical fiber having a crystalline fiber core and a cladding that surrounds the crystalline fiber core and extends axially along a length of the crystalline fiber core.

Abstract: An optical fiber core having a primary layer and a secondary layer, which are laminated on a bare optical fiber. The primary layer is formed by curing an ultraviolet-curable resin composition containing a first silane coupling agent, which can be incorporated into a resin skeleton, and a second silane coupling agent, which cannot be incorporated into a resin skeleton. The first silane coupling agent contains a compound having a methoxy group, and the second silane coupling agent contains a compound having an ethoxy group.

Abstract: An optical fiber having both low macrobend loss and low microbend loss. The fiber has a first inner cladding region having an outer radius r2>8 microns and refractive index ?2 and a second outer cladding region surrounding the inner cladding region having refractive index ?4, wherein ?1>?4>?2. The difference between ?4 and ?2 is greater than 0.002 percent. The fiber exhibits a 22 m cable cutoff less than or equal to 1260 nm, and r1/r2 is greater or equal to 0.25.

Abstract: An IR supercontinuum source for generating supercontinuum in the MIR or possibly LWIR spectral bands comprises a supercontinuum fiber formed from a heavy metal oxide host glass having low optical loss and high non-linearity over the spectral band that is stable, strong and chemically durable. The supercontinuum fiber is suitably a depressed inner clad fiber configured to support only single transverse spatial mode propagation of the pump signal and supercontinuum. The source suitably includes a tapered depressed inner clad fiber to couple the pump signal into the supercontinuum fiber. The source may be configured as an “all-fiber” source.

Abstract: A tellurium oxide glass that is stable, strong and chemically durable exhibits low optical loss from the UV band well into the MIR band. Unwanted absorption mechanisms in the MIR band are removed or reduced so that the glass formulation exhibits optical performance as close as possible to the theoretical limit of a tellurium oxide glass. The glass formulation only includes glass constituents that provide the intermediate, modifiers and any halides (for OH— reduction) whose inherent absorption wavelength is longer than that of Tellurium (IV) oxide. The glass formulation is substantially free of Sodium Oxide and any other passive glass constituent including hydroxyl whose inherent absorption wavelength is shorter than that of Tellurium (IV) oxide. The glass formulation preferably includes only a small residual amount of halide.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical fiber having a core with an alkali metal oxide dopant in an peak amount greater than about 0.002 wt. % and less than about 0.1 wt. %. The alkali metal oxide concentration varies with a radius of the optical fiber. By appropriately selecting the concentration of alkali metal oxide dopant in the core and the cladding, a low loss optical fiber may be obtained. Also disclosed are several methods of making the optical fiber including the steps of forming an alkali metal oxide-doped rod, and adding additional glass to form a draw perform. Preferably, the draw preform has a final outer dimension (d2), wherein an outer dimension (d1) of the rod is less than or equal to 0.06 times the final outer dimension (d2). In a preferred embodiment, the alkali metal oxide-doped rod is inserted into the centerline hole of a preform to form an assembly.

Abstract: A tellurium oxide glass that is stable, strong and chemically durable exhibits low optical loss from the UV band well into the MIR band. Unwanted absorption mechanisms in the MIR band are removed or reduced so that the glass formulation exhibits optical performance as close as possible to the theoretical limit of a tellurium oxide glass. The glass formulation only includes glass constituents that provide the intermediate, modifiers and any halides (for OH— reduction) whose inherent absorption wavelength is longer than that of Tellurium (IV) oxide. The glass formulation is substantially free of Sodium Oxide and any other passive glass constituent including hydroxyl whose inherent absorption wavelength is shorter than that of Tellurium (IV) oxide. The glass formulation preferably includes only a small residual amount of halide.

Abstract: Provided is an ytterbium-doped optical fiber including a core containing at least ytterbium, aluminum and phosphorous and a clad surrounding the core, wherein a molar concentration of diphosphorus pentoxide with respect to phosphorus in the core is equal to a molar concentration of aluminum oxide with respect to aluminum in the core, wherein a ratio of a molar concentration of diphosphorus pentoxide with respect to phosphorus in the core to the molar concentration of ytterbium oxide with respect to ytterbium in the core is higher than or equal to 10 and lower than or equal to 30, and wherein a relative refractive index difference between the core and the clad is higher than or equal to 0.05% and lower than or equal to 0.30%.

Abstract: Fiber-amplifier device the light-path of which is devoid of a free-space element. The system device an all-fiber-optic Faraday rotator and isolator. The device has a multicomponent glass optical fiber having a core having a first doping concentration of 55%-85% (wt./wt.) of a first rare-earth oxide and a the isolator includes at least three magnetic cells with throughout bores hosting an optical fiber, the same magnetic poles of two immediately neighboring cells facing each other. The first rare-earth oxide includes one or more of Pr2O3, Nd2O3, Pm2O3, Sm2O3, Eu2O3, Gd2O3, Tb2O3, Dy2O3, Ho2O3, Er2O3, Tm2O3, Yb2O3, La2O3, Ga2O3, Ce2O3, and Lu2O3.

Abstract: An optical device having a plasmonic waveguide, in which the plasmonic waveguide has a layered structure of at least three layers that a ferromagnetic metal layer, a first dielectric layer, and a second dielectric layer are layered in this order, in which the first and second dielectric layers are layers that allow light to be transmitted therethrough, and in which a refractive index of the second dielectric layer is higher than a refractive index of the first dielectric layer; and an optical isolator, having the optical device.

Abstract: An optical fiber may be constructed of a material having at least first and second constituents. The constituents and their relative abundance are selected such that the aggregate Brillouin frequency-shift response exhibited by a fiber constructed using the combined material is insensitive to a selected physical condition, such as temperature or strain, or the sensitivity is below an acceptable application-specific level, over an acceptable range of conditions. The constituents are selected such that the slopes or derivatives of the Brillouin frequency-shift response (with respect to the selected physical condition) of two of the constituents have opposite signs, and are combined in proper quantities such that the constituents balance each other to reduce the slope or derivative of the aggregate Brillouin frequency-shift response of the combined material to zero, or to an acceptable application-specific level, over an acceptable range of conditions.

Abstract: An illumination system generating light having at least one wavelength within 200 nm a plurality of nano-sized structures (e.g., voids). The optical fiber coupled to the light source. The light diffusing optical fiber has a core and a cladding. The plurality of nano-sized structures is situated either within said core or at a core-cladding boundary. The optical fiber also includes an outer surface. The optical fiber is configured to scatter guided light via the nano-sized structures away from the core and through the outer surface, to form a light-source fiber portion having a length that emits substantially uniform radiation over its length, said fiber having a scattering-induced attenuation greater than 50 dB/km for the wavelength(s) within 200 nm to 2000 nm range.

Abstract: An illumination system generating light having at least one wavelength within 200 nm a plurality of nano-sized structures (e.g., voids). The optical fiber coupled to the light source. The light diffusing optical fiber has a core and a cladding. The plurality of nano-sized structures is situated either within said core or at a core-cladding boundary. The optical fiber also includes an outer surface. The optical fiber is configured to scatter guided light via the nano-sized structures away from the core and through the outer surface, to form a light-source fiber portion having a length that emits substantially uniform radiation over its length, said fiber having a scattering-in- duced attenuation greater than 50 dB/km for the wavelength(s) within 200 nm to 2000 nm range.

Abstract: An illumination system generating light having at least one wavelength within 200 nm a plurality of nano-sized structures (e.g., voids). The optical fiber coupled to the light source. The light diffusing optical fiber has a core and a cladding. The plurality of nano-sized structures is situated either within said core or at a core-cladding boundary. The optical fiber also includes an outer surface. The optical fiber is configured to scatter guided light via the nano-sized structures away from the core and through the outer surface, to form a light-source fiber portion having a length that emits substantially uniform radiation over its length, said fiber having a scattering-induced attenuation greater than 50 dB/km for the wavelength(s) within 200 nm to 2000 nm range.