Abstract: A partial packet context builder can determine a partial packet context associated with a data packet based upon packet context associated with the data packet, the partial packet context including a plurality of partial packet context fields, where a network packet processor including an action unit, the action unit including the partial packet context builder, a systolic array of arithmetic-logical units (ALUs), and a packet context builder, the packet context including a plurality of packet context fields. The systolic array of ALUs can process the partial packet context to provide a processed partial packet context, the processed partial packet context including a plurality of processed partial packet context fields. The packet context builder can merge the processed partial packet context with the packet context to provide a processed packet context.

Abstract: An optical phase shift circuit can include: a first Mach Zehnder lattice and a second Mach Zehnder lattice. Each Mach Zehnder lattice can have a first waveguide and a second waveguide, with a set of active phase shifters disposed along one of the waveguides and a plurality of directional coupler regions disposed along both waveguides between the active phase shifters. A first passive phase shifter can be coupled between one output path of the first Mach Zehnder lattice and one input path of the second Mach Zehnder lattice, and a second passive phase shifter can be coupled between the other output path of the first Mach Zehnder lattice and the other input path of the second Mach Zehnder lattice. Optical phase shift circuits of this kind can be used to implement phase shifters in a Generalized Mach Zehnder interferometer.

Abstract: A high density fiber enclosure system includes a chassis, cassette trays, an optional unification clip, cassettes, and an optional trunk cable management system. The chassis, cassette trays, and cassettes are configured such that individual cassettes may be installed, removed, and otherwise positioned for easy access by a user. The unification clip allows two adjacent cassette trays to be connected to one other such that cassette trays move as one unit. The trunk cable management system is designed to organize trunk cables and trunk cable furcation legs as well as relieve strain on the trunk cables and trunk cable furcation legs.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical system MEMS structure is described. A first actuator is attached to a substrate and configured to rotate the substrate along a first axis of rotation. An array of rotatable MEMS mirrors is mounted on the substrate, aligned parallel to the first axis of rotation. Each rotatable MEMS mirror is rotatable about a second axis of rotation with each second axis of rotation being perpendicular to the first axis of rotation and parallel to every other axis of rotation. An array of second actuators is configured to rotate each of the rotatable MEMS mirrors about its corresponding second axis of rotation. A controller is configured to control the first actuator to rotate the substrate about the first axis of rotation. The controller further controls the array of second actuators to rotate each rotatable MEMS mirror of the array of rotatable MEMS mirrors about its corresponding second axis of rotation.

Abstract: The solar cell includes a silicon substrate, multiple first electrodes, and multiple second electrodes. The solar cell further includes a tunneling oxide layer, multiple doped polysilicon layers, and at least one barrier layer. The at least one barrier layer is arranged between every adjacent two doped polysilicon layers in the multiple doped polysilicon layers, and the multiple first electrodes are electrically connected to different doped polysilicon layers. The solar cell provided according to the present application can reduce the total thickness of the polycrystalline silicon layer, so that a thinner polycrystalline silicon layer can reduce parasitic absorption, thereby increasing short-circuit current. Moreover, the risk of slurry burning through the tunneling oxide layer is reduced by the barrier layer, while reducing metal recombination, which increases the open circuit voltage of the solar cell, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

Abstract: Described examples include a structured light projector including a light source. The structured light projector also includes a spatial light modulator arranged to modulate light from the light source. The structured light projector also includes a diffractive optical element arranged to modulate the light from the light source. The structured light projector further includes projection optics arranged to project the light modulated by the spatial light modulator and the diffractive optical element to a target.

Abstract: Methods and systems for providing a connectivity map to a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network are disclosed. Exemplary methods comprise receiving a request for connectivity information from the UE, sending the request for connectivity information to a connectivity map service application program interface (API), receiving, from the connectivity map service API, a connectivity map, and sending the connectivity map to the UE in response to the request for connectivity information. The connectivity map may be generated using a location and state information associated with one or more nearby APs stored in a database and may comprise a list of available spectrum and one or more parameters associated with each available spectrum. The connectivity map may be used to select at least one of a network, a data-path, a network route, a connectivity strategy, or a spectrum for the UE.

Abstract: An optical operational element which enables a multilayered optical neural network to be constructed without using an optical amplifier is provided. The optical operational element includes: a photothermal conversion unit 30 which converts light energy of input light A into thermal energy; a light intensity variation unit 20 which is in contact with the photothermal conversion unit 30 and which varies, in accordance with a temperature variation accompanying heat generation or heat absorption by the photothermal conversion unit 30, intensity of external light B that is introduced from the outside; and a housing unit 10 which houses the light intensity variation unit 20 and which introduces the external light B from one side and outputs output light C obtained by attenuating intensity of the external light B to the outside on an opposite side to the one side.

Abstract: An optical circuit switch device and method for using the device are provided. The device may include a fiber array including a set of optical fibers configured for transmitting optical signals. The device may include a collimator array coupled to the fiber array configured for aligning the optical signals received from the fiber array. The device may include a first mirror array for receiving the optical signals from the collimator array. The device may include a second mirror array for receiving the optical signals from the first mirror array. The device may include a lens located at the fiber array, the lens having a focal point at the second mirror array.

Abstract: An indexing terminal arrangement includes a terminal housing that receives an input cable; an optical power splitter disposed within the interior of the terminal housing; a first multi-fiber optical adapter coupled to the terminal housing; a first single-fiber optical adapter coupled to the terminal housing; and a pass-through multi-fiber optical adapter coupled to the terminal housing. Split optical signals are provided to the first multi-fiber optical adapter and the first single-fiber optical adapter. Unsplit and indexed optical signals are provided to the pass-through optical adapter.

Abstract: A system for analyzing a sample includes an illumination source with a plurality of transmitting optical fibers optically coupled to the illumination source and a detector with a plurality of receiving optical fibers optically coupled to the detector. The system further includes a plurality of probes coupled to respective ones of the plurality of transmitting optical fibers and respective ones of the plurality of receiving optical fibers. The plurality of probes are configured to illuminate respective portions of a surface of the sample and configured to receive illumination reflected, refracted, or radiated from the respective portions of the surface of the sample. The system may further include one or more switches and/or splitters configured to optically couple respective ones of the plurality of transmitting optical fibers to the illumination source and/or configured to optically couple respective ones of the plurality of receiving optical fibers to the detector.

Abstract: A laser module includes a laser source and an optical marshalling module. The laser source is configured to generate and output a plurality of laser beams. The plurality of laser beams have different wavelengths relative to each other. The different wavelengths are distinguishable to an optical data communication system. The optical marshalling module is configured to receive the plurality of laser beams from the laser source and distribute a portion of each of the plurality of laser beams to each of a plurality of optical output ports of the optical marshalling module, such that all of the different wavelengths of the plurality of laser beams are provided to each of the plurality of optical output ports of the optical marshalling module. An optical amplifying module can be included to amplify laser light output from the optical marshalling module and provide the amplified laser light as output from the laser module.

Abstract: The invention relates to a long-range optical device, in particular telescopic sight, comprising a reticle, the position of which can be adjusted, and comprising an associated mechanism for adjusting the reticle, comprising a first magnetic element in the form of a ring magnet, a second magnetic element in the form of a bar magnet, motion-coupled to the reticle and movably mounted relative to the first magnetic element, wherein a variable magnetic characteristic value is formed as a function of the relative position between the first and the second magnetic element, a detection unit, which is configured to detect a change in the magnetic characteristic value formed in the first or second magnetic element, a determination unit to determine reticle position information describing the position of the reticle based on a magnetic characteristic value of the first and/or second magnetic element.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a plurality of connector track elements, each extending substantially perpendicularly from a coupling plane, wherein a particular connector track element of the plurality of connector track elements includes a distribution of at least two magnets adjacent unattached end thereof, a polarity of the magnets on the particular connector track element being selected to provide magnetic repulsion as to at least one adjacent connector track element.

Abstract: An photonic circuit includes a substrate, a plurality of first light waveguides disposed on the substrate, the first light waveguides extending in a first direction, a plurality of second light waveguides disposed on the substrate and extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and a plurality of first micro-ring resonators disposed on the substrate. Each of the first light waveguides has an intersection with each of the second light waveguides. Each of the intersections is provided with a first micro-ring resonator of the first micro-ring resonators. Each first micro-ring resonator is configured to route signals of a respective wavelength from one of the light waveguides at the intersection to another light waveguide at the intersection.

Abstract: A silicon- and optical phased array-based integrated optically adjustable delay line, comprising, an optical phased array transmitting unit, a slab waveguide transmitting unit, and an optical phased array receiving unit that are sequentially arranged. By the optical phase control transmitting unit, the phase difference between channels is regulated and controlled via a phase shifter to change a far-field interference light spot and form a wave beam with directivity to regulate and control an incident angle of an optical signal entering the slab waveguide, thus changing the propagation path length of the optical signal. Finally, the optical signal is received by a corresponding optical phased array receiving unit to obtain different delay amounts. Large adjustable delay amount is realized and the delay line has the advantages of simple structure and control and high integration level with high application value in optical communication and microwave photonic and optical signal processing.

Abstract: There is provided a small MCS with the number of leads reduced by half as compared with the conventional configuration. A multicast switch according to the present invention is formed on a substrate, comprising: M input ports, N output ports; M×N optical switch units (optical SU); optical waveguides optically connecting the M input ports, M×N optical SU, and N output ports; and leads connected to the respective M×N optical SU. A multicast switch is configured such that by activating one optical SU, an optical signal input to an input port associated with the activated optical SU is output from an output port associated with the activated optical SU. The M×N optical SU include at least a gate switch and a main switch. In each optical SU, the gate switch and the main switch are connected to the common lead.

Abstract: Methods and systems for providing a connectivity map to a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network are disclosed. Exemplary methods comprise receiving a request for connectivity information from the UE, sending the request for connectivity information to a connectivity map service application program interface (API), receiving, from the connectivity map service API, a connectivity map, and sending the connectivity map to the UE in response to the request for connectivity information. The connectivity map may be generated using a location and state information associated with one or more nearby APs stored in a database and may comprise a list of available spectrum and one or more parameters associated with each available spectrum. The connectivity map may be used to select at least one of a network, a data-path, a network route, a connectivity strategy, or a spectrum for the UE.

Abstract: A system that uses a scalable array of individually controllable laser beams that are generated by a fiber array system to process materials into an object. The adaptive control of individual beams may include beam power, focal spot width, centroid position, scanning orientation, amplitude and frequency, of individual beams. Laser beam micro scanner modules (MSMs) are arranged into 2D arrays or matrices. During operation of the MSMs, a fiber tip that projects the laser beam is displaced along the x and y-axis in order to scan the focal spot. Each MSM within a matrix can process a corresponding cell (e.g., one square centimeter) during focal spot scanning, and the plurality of MSMs may be operated in parallel to process a plurality of corresponding cells (e.g., with a 10×10 matrix of MSM, 100 cm2) without rastering or otherwise repositioning the assembly over the build surface.

Abstract: An optical signal control device (70) is configured to include: a leakage amount calculating unit (83) calculating, from a light intensity measured by a first light intensity measuring unit (77) and a light intensity measured by a second light intensity measuring unit (78), a leakage amount of light leaking from other optical signals to each of optical signals included in a combined signal; and an attenuation amount calculating unit (84) calculating, from the light intensity measured by the second light intensity measuring unit (78) and the leakage mount of light, an attenuation amount of each of the optical signals included in the combined signal, and a wavelength selective switch (71) attenuates each of the optical signals included in the combined signal depending on the attenuation amount calculated by the attenuation amount calculating unit (84).

Abstract: A structured optical fiber cabling system configured to connect first and second layers of switches in a mesh network is disclosed. The system comprises a plurality of fiber optic modules each including a plurality of first fiber optic ports distributed in a vertical direction when the fiber optic modules are installed in a chassis. A plurality of fiber optic jumper assemblies each include a horizontal segment and a plurality of legs and fiber optic connectors extending from the horizontal segment, with each fiber optic connector configured to connect to a corresponding fiber optic port of the plurality of first fiber optic ports at the same vertical location in each fiber optic module.

Abstract: A vertical directional coupler or switch comprising a lower and an upper waveguide, integrated with an optical phase change material disposed between the lower and upper waveguides to control a directional of optical coupling between the lower and upper waveguides.

Abstract: A beam scanner of a projector-based near-eye display includes a prismatic element with a reflective polarizer and a quarter-wave waveplate (QWP). The beam-folding prismatic element receives a polarized light beam from a light source and couples the beam to a tiltable reflector, e.g. a 2D tiltable MEMS reflector, for angular scanning the beam. The light beam impinging onto the tiltable reflector is separated from the light beam reflected from the tiltable reflector by polarization. The polarization-based separation is achieved by causing the light beam to propagate through the QWP before and after impinging onto the tiltable reflector. Upon double propagation of the light beam through the QWP, the beam changes its polarization to an orthogonal polarization, which enables its separation from the impinging beam. The beam scanner may receive multiple light beams from multiple light sources. A projector and a near-eye display based on such beam scanners are also disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosed technology teaches a method of reducing the impact of cross-talk between transducers that drive an acousto-optic modulator. The method includes operating the transducers, which are mechanically coupled to an acousto-optic modulator medium, with different frequencies applied to adjoining transducers and producing a time-varying phase relationship between carriers on spatially adjoining modulation channels emanating from the adjoining transducers, with a frequency separation between carriers on the adjoining channels of 400 KHz to 20 MHz. The disclosed technology also includes operating 5 to 32 modulators, which are mechanically coupled to the acousto-optic modulator crystal, and varying the different frequencies applied to the modulators in a sawtooth pattern, varying the different frequencies over a range and then repeating variation over the range.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods may use input/output (I/O) apparatus and an optical switching medium to switch, or route, optical data signals. The optical switching medium may include a plurality of optical switching regions. The I/O apparatus may transmit optical data signals to and receive optical data signals from the optical switching medium to provide switching functionality.

Abstract: A scanning device for scanning an object in a scanning microscope includes at least one scanning unit configured to two-dimensionally scan the object using a light beam. The scanning unit includes at least one deflection element configured to deflect a light beam impinging thereon. The deflection element is rotationally symmetric in shape. At least one rotation device is configured to rotate the scanning unit about an axis of rotation so as to allow for image field rotation.

Abstract: A smartphone is optically coupled to an apparatus that can operate in multiple modes to perform transmission, reflectance, intensity, or scattered light spectroscopy on a sample provided, in an appropriately configured sample cartridge. The apparatus includes a first illumination optical path for illuminating the sample, with light from a light source, on the smartphone for transmission, reflectance, and scattered light spectroscopy. The apparatus also includes a second illumination optical path for illuminating the sample with light from a laser diode for intensity spectroscopy. The apparatus farther includes a collection optical path for collecting light from the sample in each of the modes. An image sensor on the smartphone receives the collected light via a diffraction grating to obtain a spectrum image. The first illumination optical path is substantially parallel to the collection optical path, whereas the second illumination optical path is substantially orthogonal to the collection path.

Abstract: A method (100) is disclosed for filtering an optical signal to generate at least one electrical output. The method comprises receiving an optical signal (110) and directing at least a part of the optical signal through an n×m array of wavelength selective elements (120), the n×m array comprising n parallel groups, each group comprising m coupled wavelength selective elements. The method further comprises photodetecting an output from each of the n groups of coupled wavelength selective elements (130), and electrically selecting at least one of the photodetected outputs (140). Also disclosed are an optical filtering module (200, 300) a controller (400) for an optical filtering module and a computer program.

Abstract: Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) has enabled telecommunication service providers to provide multiple independent multi-gigabit channels on one optical fiber. To meet demands for improved performance, increased integration, reduced footprint, reduced power consumption, increased flexibility, re-configurability, and lower cost monolithic optical circuit technologies and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have become increasingly important. However, further integration via microoptoelectromechanical systems (MOEMS) of monolithically integrated optical waveguides upon a MEMS provide further integration opportunities and functionality options. Such MOEMS may include MOEMS mirrors and optical waveguides capable of deflection under electronic control. In contrast to MEMS devices where the MEMS is simply used to switch between two positions the state of MOEMS becomes important in all transition positions.

Abstract: Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) has enabled telecommunication service providers to provide multiple independent multi-gigabit channels on one optical fiber. To meet demands for improved performance, increased integration, reduced footprint, reduced power consumption, increased flexibility, re-configurability, and lower cost monolithic optical circuit technologies and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have become increasingly important. However, further integration via microoptoelectromechanical systems (MOEMS) of monolithically integrated optical waveguides upon a MEMS provide further integration opportunities and functionality options. Such MOEMS may include MOEMS mirrors and optical waveguides capable of deflection under electronic control. In contrast to MEMS devices where the MEMS is simply used to switch between two positions the state of MOEMS becomes important in all transition positions.

Abstract: A method includes obtaining traffic demand data indicating user traffic demand through a communication system including a multistage interconnection network. The method also includes generating first path data based on the traffic demand data. The first path data represents a configuration of components of the multistage interconnection network to provide traffic paths through the multistage interconnection network. The method includes selectively generating second path data based on a determination that a potential failure of the multistage interconnection network cannot be isolated, based on the traffic paths, to a single component. The second path data represents a modified configuration of the components to provide the traffic paths and test paths through the multistage interconnection network to facilitate isolation of the failure of the multistage interconnection network to the single component.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer, including: an input component, an output component, a beamsplitter, a first switch array, a wavelength dispersion system, a redirection system, and a second switch array. The input component includes M+P input ports, the output component includes N output ports, the beamsplitter is configured to: receive M input beams from M input ports, and split each of the M input beams into at least N parts, to obtain at least M×N beams; the first switch array includes at least P switch units; and the second switch array includes N rows of switch units. The first switch array, the beamsplitter, the wavelength dispersion system, the redirection system, and the second switch array are arranged so that P optical add beams and sub-beams of M×N beams in the at least M×N beams can be routed to the N output ports.

Abstract: A node configured to operate in an optical network includes P switching planes interconnected by an S×S cross-plane switch, P>1; and Ni degrees per switching plane Pi where i=1 to P, each degree formed by corresponding degree components having R ports, wherein a first set of ports of the R ports is for intra-plane switching, a second set of ports of the R ports is for inter-plane switching, and a third set of ports of the R ports is for in-plane add/drop. S is greater than or equal to a sum of a number of degrees across all of the P switching planes. R is greater than or equal to a sum of the first set of ports, the second set of ports, and the third set of ports.

Abstract: An optical wireless communication (OWC) receiver apparatus for receiving data streams from at least one transmitter apparatus, each data stream encoded on abeam of light of a respective different wavelength or range of wavelengths propagating through free space between the at least one transmitter apparatus and the receiver apparatus, the apparatus comprising: a wavelength-selective element configured to receive the beams after their propagation through free space and to direct a selected at least one of the beams having a selected wavelength or range of wavelengths to a detector, wherein the detector is configured to receive said selected at least one of the beams and in response to output a detection signal; at least one control element operable to control at least one physical property of the wavelength-selective element thereby to select said at least one of the beams for direction to the detector.

Abstract: Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) has enabled telecommunication service providers to provide multiple independent multi-gigabit channels on one optical fiber. To Microoptoelectromechanical systems (MOEMS) integrating optical waveguides upon a MEMS can provide further integration opportunities and functionality options. Improvements to the design and implementation of MOEMS devices are presented where monolithically integrated optical waveguides are directly supported, moved and/or deformed upon a beam coupled to and manipulated by a MEMS. Accordingly, such MOEMS can provide programmable functionality by enabling alignment of the optical waveguide upon the MEMS to one of multiple optical waveguides disposed relative to the moving facet of the rotating optical waveguide.

Abstract: In the examples provided herein, a system includes an input waveguide, where a first end of the input waveguide is coupled to a light-emitting optical transmitter to allow the emitted light to enter the input waveguide, and a first ring resonator tunable to be resonant at a first resonant wavelength, wherein the first ring resonator is positioned near the input waveguide to couple a light at the first resonant wavelength from the input waveguide to the first ring resonator. The system also has a bus waveguide positioned to couple the light at the first resonant wavelength in the first ring resonator to the bus waveguide, and a mechanism to wavelength-tune the first ring resonator to a particular wavelength.

Abstract: A network system for a data center is described in which a switch fabric may provide full mesh interconnectivity such that any servers may communicate packet data to any other of the servers using any of a number of parallel data paths. Moreover, according to the techniques described herein, edge-positioned access nodes, optical permutation devices and core switches of the switch fabric may be configured and arranged in a way such that the parallel data paths provide single L2/L3 hop, full mesh interconnections between any pairwise combination of the access nodes, even in massive data centers having tens of thousands of servers. The plurality of optical permutation devices permute communications across the optical ports based on wavelength so as to provide, in some cases, full-mesh optical connectivity between edge-facing ports and core-facing ports.

Abstract: An intelligence-defind optical tunnel network system includes a first tier network and a second tier network. The first tier network includes multiple pods, any one of which includes multiple Optical Add-Drop Sub-systems (OADS) configured to transmit data between corresponding servers through ToR switches. The second tier network includes multiple Optical Switch Interconnect Sub-systems (OSIS). Any two of the OSISs transmit a corresponding lateral optical signal via a first line correspondingly. Any two adjacent OSISs are coupled to the OADSs in the same pod of the first tier via multiple optical paths respectively.

Abstract: An optical fiber link includes a local host control device including a microcontroller unit transmitting a host transmitting signal, and an electrical-to-optical converter converting the host transmitting signal to a laser beam optical signal; a remote sensor device including a sensor device transmitting a sensor transmitting signal and an optical return module selectively passing or blocking part of the laser beam optical signal; and a fiber cable including an upstream fiber link and a downstream fiber link and establishing communications between the local host control device and the remote sensor device, the laser beam optical signal being delivered from the local host control device to the remote sensor device through the downstream fiber link. The optical return module selectively passes or blocks the part of the laser beam optical signal delivered by the downstream fiber link based on the sensor transmitting signal to the upstream fiber link.

Abstract: A reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer includes N input ports, N output ports, M add ports and M drop ports. Each of the N input ports and each of the M add ports is respectively connected to one first polarizer. Each of the N output ports and each of the M drop ports is respectively connected to one second polarizer. A first end of the first polarizer is connected to a second end of the first polarizer, forming a loop including the first polarizer. A first end of the second polarizer is connected to a second end of the second polarizer, forming a loop including the second polarizer. An annular waveguide array is between a loop LIi and a loop LOj. A first polarizer included in the loop LIi is connected to an ith input port. A second polarizer included in the loop LOj is connected to a jth output port.

Abstract: An elementary photonic interconnect switch is integrated into an optoelectronic chip and includes four simple photonic interconnect switches. Each simple photonic interconnect switch has two optical waveguides that cross and are linked by a ring resonator having one ring. A basic photonic interconnect switch, a complex photonic interconnect switch and/or a photonic interconnect network are integrated into an optoelectronic chip and including at least two elementary photonic interconnect switches.

Abstract: A memory system has a plurality of memory devices coupled with a hub in discrete and shared port arrangements. A plurality of bus lines connect the plurality of memory devices to the hub, including a first subset of bus lines connected in a point-to-point configuration between the hub and a particular memory device, and a second subset of bus lines connected to all the memory devices in the plurality of memory devices including the particular memory device. Bus operation logic is configured to use the first subset of bus lines in a first operation accessing the particular memory device while simultaneously using the second subset of bus lines in a second operation accessing a different selected memory device of the plurality of memory devices.

Abstract: Data center interconnections, which encompass WSCs as well as traditional data centers, have become both a bottleneck and a cost/power issue for cloud computing providers, cloud service providers and the users of the cloud generally. Fiber optic technologies already play critical roles in data center operations and will increasingly in the future. The goal is to move data as fast as possible with the lowest latency with the lowest cost and the smallest space consumption on the server blade and throughout the network.

Abstract: Optical cross connects and methods for use therewith are described herein. In an embodiment, an optical cross connect includes first and second mirror arrays, first and second light sources that respectively emit first and second color coded light beams (e.g., each of which includes red, green and blue light), and first and second cameras configured to respectively capture first and second color images of the first and second color coded light beams reflected respectively from the first and second mirror arrays. The optical cross connect also includes a controller configured to perform closed loop feedback control of the first and second mirror arrays, based on the first and second color images, when the controller controls how optical signals are transferred between individual optical fibers in a first bundle of optical fibers and individual optical fibers in a second bundle of optical fibers.

Abstract: Data center interconnections, which encompass WSCs as well as traditional data centers, have become both a bottleneck and a cost/power issue for cloud computing providers, cloud service providers and the users of the cloud generally. Fiber optic technologies already play critical roles in data center operations and will increasingly in the future. The goal is to move data as fast as possible with the lowest latency with the lowest cost and the smallest space consumption on the server blade and throughout the network.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waveguide comprising a substrate (1) on which a layer stack (2) of at least two layer formations (3a, 3b) is arranged, each layer formation (3a, 3b) having at least one transparent dielectric layer (3a1, 3b2), in particular with a higher refractive index than the substrate (1). A structure which influences light propagation, in particular a structure (4) which extends in a layer-like manner, at least in some regions, is arranged between two adjacent layer formations (3a, 3b), the position of the structure (4) in the layer stack corresponding to a node position of a waveguide mode which can be guided in the waveguide and has at least one, preferably exactly one node (5a). The waveguide comprises at least one means for at least temporarily changing the position of the node (5a) of a guided waveguide mode and the structure (4) relative to each other.

Abstract: Data center interconnections, which encompass WSCs as well as traditional data centers, have become both a bottleneck and a cost/power issue for cloud computing providers, cloud service providers and the users of the cloud generally. Fiber optic technologies already play critical roles in data center operations and will increasingly in the future. The goal is to move data as fast as possible with the lowest latency with the lowest cost and the smallest space consumption on the server blade and throughout the network.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application provide a method and an apparatus for transmitting an optical signal and a wavelength selective switch. The transmission method includes: performing diffraction processing on an input optical signal, to obtain signal light and crosstalk light. The signal light is output to a target output port in a plurality of output ports. The diffraction processing includes deflecting, in a second direction, a diffraction direction of a part or all of the crosstalk light, so that the part or all of the crosstalk light is output to an area outside the output ports.

Abstract: An optical device includes a row of optical units, each of the optical units comprising an antenna element and an associated phase shifting element, a first optical power splitter optically coupled to a first optical input/output element, and a first plurality of boundary adjustment elements. In the optical phased array, each of the first plurality of boundary adjustment units optically couples the first optical power splitter to different sub-rows of the row of optical units, and each of the plurality of boundary adjustment elements include a sub-row amplitude adjustment element and a sub-row phase adjustment element.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing enhanced optical networking service and performance which are particularly advantageous in terms of low cost and use of existing infrastructure, access control techniques, and components. In the exemplary embodiment, current widespread deployment and associated low cost of Ethernet-based systems are leveraged through use of an Ethernet CSMA/CD MAC in the optical domain on a passive optical network (PON) system. Additionally, local networking services are optionally provided to the network units on the PON since each local receiver can receive signals from all other users. An improved symmetric coupler arrangement provides the foregoing functionality at low cost. The improved system architecture also allows for fiber failure protection which is readily implemented at low cost and with minimal modification.