Abstract: A head-end equipment associated with a communication system configured to interface with an interference group (IG) composed of two or more modems is disclosed. The head-end equipment comprises a memory configured to store a plurality of instructions; and one or more processors configured to retrieve the plurality of instructions from the memory. In some embodiments, the one or more processors, upon execution of the plurality of instructions from the memory, is configured to generate an advanced warning signal to be provided to one or more modems associated with the IG. In some embodiments, the advanced warning signal comprises an information that a select modem, different from the one or more modems, in the IG will be initiating an upstream communication in a select frequency band, as well as information on a start time and a duration of the upstream communication.

Abstract: This disclosure describes digitally generating sub-carriers (SCs) to provide isolation and dynamic allocation of bandwidth between uplink and downlink traffic between transceivers that are communicatively coupled via a bidirectional link including one or more segments of optical fiber. Separate uplink and downlink communication channels may be created using digitally generated SCs and using the same transmitter laser. In some implementations, one or more of the nodes include a transceiver having at least one laser and one digital signal processing (DSP) operable for digitally generating at least two SCs and detecting at least two SCs. The transceiver can transmit selected SCs, and can receive other SCs. Accordingly, the transceiver can facilitate bidirectional communication, for example, over a single optical fiber link. In some instances, techniques can facilitate dynamic bandwidth assignment by facilitating adding or blocking of optical subcarriers from transmission in an uplink or downlink direction.

Abstract: A node device capable of optimal transfer in accordance with the traffic situation of a network irrespective of the optical signaling system is provided. The node device includes a first wavelength selective switch connected to an input-side optical fiber; a fast selective switch connected to the first wavelength selective switch for cut-through or selective switching to an OCS controller or an OFS/OPS controller; an optical coupler connected to a cut-through output of the fast selective switch, an output of the OCS controller, and an output of the OFS/OPS controller; a second wavelength selective switch connected to an output of the optical coupler; and a node controller that performs wavelength assignment control for the first and second wavelength selective switches, path/label switch control for the fast selective switch, and flow/packet switch control for the OFS/OPS controller.

Abstract: A downstream bandwidth transmission method for a passive optical network includes: an optical line terminal (OLT) sends downstream bandwidth allocation information in a downstream frame to a plurality of optical network units (ONUs); where the downstream bandwidth allocation information comprises a plurality of downstream bandwidth entries for the plurality of ONUs, each downstream bandwidth entry in the downstream bandwidth allocation information comprises ONU indication information for a respective ONU and downstream bandwidth feature information for the respective ONU, such that each of the plurality of ONUs receives respective traffic data within a downstream bandwidth allocated to the respective ONU.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein provide techniques to selectively distribute Precision Time Protocol (PTP) data in a network. The network can include multiple different network devices (e.g., switches) connected to form a network architecture (e.g., a spine/leaf architecture). Rather than distributing the PTP data (e.g., PTP timestamps) through all the network devices in order to synchronize local clocks to a global, master clock, the embodiments herein describe an out-of-band distribution network which selectively distributes the PTP data to select network devices in the network.

Abstract: An Ethernet transceiver is disclosed. The Ethernet transceiver includes transceiver circuitry having receiver circuitry to receive refresh signals during corresponding refresh cycles from a link partner during a low-power idle mode of operation. Each refresh signal has a refresh period, and where a quiet period is interposed between successive refresh cycles. Signal quality detection circuitry, during the low-power idle mode, determines a measure of signal quality associated with the received refresh signals. Subsequent refresh cycles exhibit at least one of an adjusted refresh period or an adjusted quiet period based on the measure of signal quality.

Abstract: A wall box for indoor and outdoor, comprising a box body, a box cover and a cable reversing structure for fixing on the wall. Wire inlet holes and wire outlet holes are arranged on both sides of the box body, the wire inlet hole is equipped with an optical fiber connector for receiving signals, and the wire outlet hole is equipped. with an adapter for receiving signals. An accommodating cavity is formed inside the box body, which is provided with a first opening on the upper part of the accommodating cavity and is covered on the upper side of the first opening of the accommodating cavity The accommodating cavity is fixed with a cable management structure. A sealing ring is arranged at the first opening and protrudes from the plane height of the first opening. A box body fixing structure is arranged on the outside of the box body.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose an optical signal transmission system and an optical signal transmission method. A specific solution is as follows: a first coherent transceiver is configured to: convert N channels of downlink data into N modulating signals, convert the N modulating signals into a first wavelength division multiplexing signal, and send the first wavelength division multiplexing signal to an optical transport unit; the optical transport unit is configured to: receive the first wavelength division multiplexing signal, convert the first wavelength division multiplexing signal into N second optical signals, and correspondingly send the N second optical signals to N second coherent transceivers; and one of the N second coherent transceivers is configured to: receive the N second optical signals, and process the N second optical signals to obtain information in downlink data carried in the N second optical signals.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to information transmission methods in a passive optical network (PON) system. One example method includes sending, by an optical line terminal (OLT), a first power range and time indication to an unregistered optical network unit (ONU), where the first power range and the time indication indicate the ONU to send a serial number of the ONU to the OLT at a time indicated by the time indication in case a downlink receive power of the ONU is within the first power range, and receiving, by the OLT, the serial number of the ONU.

Abstract: An electronic device comprises: at least one communication circuit configured to provide communication with a first external electronic device or a second external electronic device; at least one processor operatively connected to the at least one communication circuit; and a memory including device registration request information and operatively connected to the at least one processor, wherein the memory may store instructions configured to cause, when executed, at least one processor to: transmit, to the first external electronic device, a device registration request including at least device registration request information for registering the electronic device to the second external electronic device when a first communication is connected with the first external electronic device through the at least one communication circuit; receive a response to the device registration request from the first external electronic device; receive, from the second external electronic device, device registration update in

Abstract: An ONU is provided. The ONU comprises a receiver configured to receive a first PON frame from an OLT, the first PON frame comprising a first PSBd field, the first PSBd field comprising a first PSync field, the first PSync field comprising first bits, and a first quantity of the first bits being greater than 64 bits; and a processor coupled to the receiver and configured to perform synchronization of the first PON frame by matching the first bits to a pre-stored sequence.

Abstract: Disclosure is a BS apparatus and a method of transmitting a data packet capable of supporting smooth transmission of a data packet by defining a new fronthaul interface considering a structure of expanding/designing processing functions of a radio module of a 5G split BS including not only an RF processing function but also a processing function on a higher layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to message transmission methods in a PON system. One example method includes sending, by an optical line terminal (OLT), a first message to an unregistered optical network unit (ONU), where the first message includes at least one piece of indication message, and one piece of indication message of the at least one piece of indication message indicates a first power range and a first time range associated with the first power range, and receiving, by the OLT in the first time range, a registration message sent by the ONU, where a downstream receive power of the ONU falls within the first power range.

Abstract: Provided are a service transmission method and device using a FlexO, equipment and a storage medium. The method includes: customer service data is mapped into N FlexO frames on M Physical Layer links of a FlexO transmission group, and then the N FlexO frames are sent through the FlexO transmission group; and a receiving end sequentially extracts the customer service data from the N FlexO frames. The FlexO transmission group comprises M PHY links. The customer service data occupies the same number of cells in the FlexO frame of each PHY link, and cell locations of the occupied cells are the same. A set of logic is used to directly map the customer service data into the N FlexO frames on the M PHY links of the FlexO transmission group, so as to minimize complexity and logical resources needing to be occupied.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a first group of splitters receives a group of signals from a group of transmitters. Each splitter in the first group of splitters splits a signal into a plurality of signals that are sent to a plurality of multiplexers. A multiplexer in the plurality of multiplexers receives one of the plurality of signals from each splitter in the group of splitters and multiplexes the received one of the plurality of signals into a multiplexed signal. The multiplexer sends the multiplexed signal through a single connection in which upstream signals are sent to a group of nodes and downstream signals are received from the group of nodes. A de-multiplexer de-multiplexes the multiplexed signal into the group of signals and sends the group of signals to the group of nodes via a second group of splitters that are connected to the group of nodes.

Abstract: A network arbiter and associated method for linking and controlling the rate of data transmission between a sender on a connected network and a client with an advertised receive window are disclosed. The network arbiter comprises a downstream temporary storage for temporarily storing data in transmission from the sender to the client, an upstream temporary storage for temporarily storing data in transmission from the client to the sender and a processor operatively connected to the downstream temporary storage and the upstream temporary storage. The processor is configured to alter the advertised receive window in order to modulate the rate of data transmission.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein provide techniques to selectively distribute Precision Time Protocol (PTP) data in a network. The network can include multiple different network devices (e.g., switches) connected to form a network architecture (e.g., a spine/leaf architecture). Rather than distributing the PTP data (e.g., PTP timestamps) through all the network devices in order to synchronize local clocks to a global, master clock, the embodiments herein describe an out-of-band distribution network which selectively distributes the PTP data to select network devices in the network.

Abstract: A modular data center (MDC) has an MDC power distribution system (PDS) that includes a power distribution module attached to a top or bottom of the interior enclosure of a volumetric container of the MDC. The power distribution module is electrically coupled to an external power source to receive electrical power and comprising electrical sockets that distribute the received electrical power from an electrical power source external to the volumetric container. Electrical cord(s) have a respective electrical plug insertable in a respective electrical socket of the power distribution module and having another end that is electrically connectable to a rack power distribution unit (PDU). Rack information handling system(s) is positioned in an interior enclosure of a volumetric container of the MDC and has information technology (IT) component(s) mounted to the rack. The rack PDU is attached to the rack and electrically coupled to distribute electrical power to the IT component(s).

Abstract: A method for sensing a parameter of an environment surrounding an optical fiber comprises performing a distributed analysis of one or more guided acoustic wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) processes taking place therein. This distributed analysis may be performed by spatially mapping a spectral linewidth of a GAWBS coefficient along the optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical transmitter (and methods of transmitting and receiving) includes a delay and modulation circuit (or communications circuit) configured to receive at least one optical beam and a data signal and generate at least two or more modulated optical beams having the data encoded therein. One of the modulated optical beams is a time-delayed or time-shifted version of another one of the modulated optical beams, and both beams are directed toward a target.

Abstract: Shuffling of into partitions by first grouping input vertices of a limited number. Each group of input vertices may then be simply shuffled into a corresponding group of intermediate vertices, such as by broadcasting. A second grouping occurs in which the intermediate vertices are grouped by partition. The intermediate vertices then shuffle into corresponding output vertices for the respective partitions of that group. If the intermediate vertices are still too large, then this shuffling may involve recursively performing the shuffling just described, until ultimately the number of intermediate vertices shuffling into the output vertices is likewise limited. Thus, the final shuffling into the output vertices might also be simply performed by broadcasting.

Abstract: The present application provides a data synchronization method, a device, and a storage medium, where a wireless communication network includes: a master device and N slave devices, and the method is applied to any slave device of the N slave devices and includes: a slave device receives a data packet transmitted by the master device, the data packet including a preamble; the slave device determines a receiving termination time of the preamble, and determines, according to the receiving termination time of the preamble and a delay time configured by the master device for the slave device, a synchronization time with other slave devices in the N slave devices, thereby achieving data synchronization between the slave devices.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to techniques and systems for extension of unrepeatered submarine fiber links to provide an increase in reach of unrepeatered fiber transmission. Both single channel unrepeatered systems and multiple channel unrepeatered systems can be used. The multiple channel unrepeatered systems can further employ nonlinearity compensation. The present invention is also directed to methods of signal transmission using the unrepeatered systems.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose an optical signal transmission system and an optical signal transmission method. A specific solution is as follows: a first coherent transceiver is configured to: convert N channels of downlink data into N modulating signals, convert the N modulating signals into a first wavelength division multiplexing signal, and send the first wavelength division multiplexing signal to an optical transport unit; the optical transport unit is configured to: receive the first wavelength division multiplexing signal, convert the first wavelength division multiplexing signal into N second optical signals, and correspondingly send the N second optical signals to N second coherent transceivers; and one of the N second coherent transceivers is configured to: receive the N second optical signals, and process the N second optical signals to obtain information in downlink data carried in the N second optical signals.

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed of methods performed at an optical transmitter, devices and computer-readable storage media. For example, the method includes performing a process to select a PAM value from a set of candidate PAM values based on currently transmitted training data bits, transmitted Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) values corresponding to previously transmitted training data bits, and training data bits to be transmitted subsequently, the selected PAM value corresponding to the currently transmitted training data bits. The selected PAM value is transmitted to an optical receiver, and an indication as to whether the optical receiver correctly detects the currently transmitted training data bits is received from the optical receiver. Then, the process is updated at least in part based on the indication. The manner of performing neural network learning at an optical transmitter side to obtain an encoding strategy can maximize the channel allowable capacity.

Abstract: A method performed by a node in a wireless communications network for improving multi-user transmissions in the wireless communications network is provided. The node determines channel estimates based on demodulation reference signals, or a data symbol in at least one Physical Resource Block, PRB, of the latest received subframe. Then, the node determines a phase difference and an amplitude difference between Resource Elements, REs, in a first set of contiguous REs in the at least one PRB of the latest received subframe based on the obtained channel estimates. The node then pre-equalizes at least one channel within at least one PRB of a transmission subframe by aligning the phase and amplitude of REs in a second set of contiguous REs therein based on the determined phase and amplitude differences. A node for improving multi-user transmissions in the wireless communications network is also provided.

Abstract: A method for managing a multi-wavelength passive optical network, comprising: an optical module extracting a module management signal from a reception signal input from an optical signal interface, where the module management signal carries a management message related to the optical module. The solution can solve the problem that an optical module of a multi-wavelength passive optical network in the related art cannot support the smooth upgrade of a related device to the multi-wavelength passive optical network.

Abstract: The disclosed technology relates to a method of rebooting a residential gateway. In one aspect, the residential gateway is connected, on the one hand, to a wide-area communications network and, on the other hand, to a local-area network in which the gateway implements the method in a consecutive order of: receiving a first action message comprising at least one order to shut down the gateway, the first action message being generated by an execution entity of the wide-area communications network and transmitted on the data link layer; storing a context of configuration of the local-area network associated with the gateway; shutting down the gateway; and rebooting the gateway according to the context of configuration previously stored.

Abstract: The invention relaxes to a replacement scheduling method and system for ultra-low loss optical fibers in a backbone network, which are designed to improve spectrum, utilization efficiency. The method includes: S1: calculating a gam respectively after each optical fiber link is replaced, that is, calculating a product of multiplying a quantity of frequency slots (FSs) reduced after each optical fiber link is replaced by a remaining time for finishing replacing all the remaining optical fiber links; S2: selecting an optical fiber link having the highest gain after the optical fiber link is replaced to perform replacement; and repeating S1 and S2 until all the optical fiber links that need to be replaced have been replaced. In the present invention, a replacement order of optical fibers is arranged most appropriately, so as to save as many as spectrum resources for operators for use by additional services. (FIG.

Abstract: A method (100) for facilitating Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC) communications between a main site and a plurality of remote sites in an optical network is disclosed. The main and remote sites are comprised within a Radio Access Network and the main and remote sites are connected via a point to multipoint optical infrastructure. The method comprises receiving an OSC signal on an OSC from the main site (120), sequentially routing OSC signals on the OSC to each of the remote sites in a daisy chain configuration (140) and returning an OSC signal received on the OSC from a last of the remote sites in the daisy chain configuration to the main site (160), the OSC being transported over the point to multipoint optical infrastructure (170). Also disclosed are a method (500) for performing OSC communications in an optical network, a hub node (300, 400), a remote site node (600, 800) and a system (900) for communications in an optical network.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The present disclosure discloses a method and an apparatus for allocating a PTRS in a next-generation communication system.

Abstract: A network node for use in a hybrid fiber-copper access network, wherein the node includes DSL and reverse-power feed functionality. The node has a substantially cylindrical shape such that it receives an input metallic cable at a first end, an output metallic cable at a second end and an optical fiber cable which is received at a point along the body of the node.

Abstract: The specialized networking and application system includes an enforcer configured to intercept the signaling messages and select an optimal SGW, PGW, SMF/UPF and application servers in real time. More specifically, the enforcer intercepts and generates GSM MAP, Diameter, GTP-C and HTTP2/JSON signaling messages. The enforcer executes a policy to force the user devices to re-establish the data connection, thus anchoring at different SGW, PGW, SMF/UPF and application server to keep end-to-end routing path optimal, when the impacting factor changes. The enforcer can further feed its performance data and decision matrix into the analyzer and database to further optimize the decision process. Analyzer and KPI metrics databases are installed at central data centers to collect the KPI data from different probes and enforcer, calculate in real-time the optimal routing path with different decision factors considered, and interact with enforcer to update the latest optimal path status based on the data collected.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method for establishing a virtual access node in an optical access network and a device are disclosed. An identifier of a virtual line corresponding to a physical line is obtained by an access device in a first network after receiving a first message from a user equipment. The physical line is a physical line between the user equipment and a physical access node AN in the first network. The virtual line is a logical line between the user equipment and a virtual AN. Configuration information is obtained by the access device from a configuration server in a second network according to the identifier of the virtual line. The configuration information is used to create the virtual AN. The virtual AN is created by the access device according to the configuration information.

Abstract: A system comprising a first optical line terminal (OLT) of a first passive optical network (PON) with the first OLT configured to receive user data from a baseband unit (BBU) and send the user data to a remote radio unit (RRU) via a first optical network unit (ONU) of the first PON using a first wavelength, and a second OLT of a second PON, the second OLT configured to obtain control and management (C&M) information, share the C&M information with the first OLT, and send the C&M information to a second ONU that is co-located with the first ONU using a second wavelength.

Abstract: Parallel optical transponders with an optical comb source, and methods of using the same, are provided. The optical comb source can provide multiple optical carriers from a single source. The multiple optical carriers can be phase-aligned, which can allow joint processing of a received signal. The multiple optical carriers can also allow for modulating a demultiplexed data signal using multiple modulators rather than modulating the entire data signal using a single modulator.

Abstract: Transparently executing applications among cores in a multi-processor system includes monitoring elements associated with each processor which align execution of threads within corresponding cores of the processors. Alignment is accomplished by monitoring system resource utilization by each core, comparing process counters associated with corresponding cores, and comparing data sets in and out during application frame switching. In a further aspect, inputs are coordinated by a synchronization element. Likewise, outputs for corresponding cores are compared to ensure no corrupted data is propagated.

Abstract: A decentralized Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) architecture configured for onboard avionics processing eliminates centralized computing cabinets and distributes avionics processing capabilities to a network of smart switching devices positioned throughout the aircraft, each smart switch including a multicore processing environment (MCPE) for generalized application hosting in addition to the switching elements. The smart switching network can be scaled up or down for smaller or larger aircraft, or organically grown by adding more processing components. Additional real-time multicore processors may be located in smart remote data concentrators (RDC) for handling I/O and routing of network data between external remote units and aircraft systems and the hosted applications on the smart switches. The real-time environments executing on the smart RDCs may be reserved for low-latency closed-loop functions, or may host additional general-purpose avionics processing.

Abstract: An optical system supporting timing synchronization, alignment and deskewing across optical modules includes a plurality of optical devices each providing an Optical Tributary Signal (OTSi) which are part of an Optical Tributary Signal Group (OTSiG); and a management communication mechanism between the plurality of optical devices, wherein each of the plurality of optical devices are timing synchronized using the management communication mechanism and Precision Time Protocol (PTP) messaging. Each of the plurality of optical devices can include delay circuitry configured to deskew an associated OTSi with respect to other OTSi signals in the OTSiG.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for Passive Optical Network (PON) wavelength bonding are disclosed. In one aspect, a first frame of data to a first optical network unit (ONU) is transmitted by an optical line terminal (OLT) over a first wavelength. While the first frame of data is being transmitted to the first ONU over the first wavelength, a first portion of a second frame of data to a second ONU is transmitted by the OLT over a second wavelength. After transmission of the first frame of data over the first wavelength has completed and while the first portion of the second frame of data is still being transmitted to the second ONU over the second wavelength, a second portion of the second frame of data to the second ONU is transmitted by the OLT over the first wavelength.

Abstract: An optical link power management scheme takes the best advantage of a dynamic connection environment, where ports may be connected and disconnected at any time, and where data flows may start and stop as needed by the applications using the high speed data links. Power consumption is optimized, eye safety standards are met, and robust connection detection is preserved.

Abstract: The present application relates to a bus FC-AE-1553 network system and a method of data transmission and acquisition. The bus FC-AE-1553 network system includes a network controller, at least one network terminal, a bus optical distribution network, an optical splitter and a network matching device. The network controller optical distribution networks used for managing a communication process of the whole bus FC-AE-1553 network system; the network terminal optical distribution networks used for passively receiving an instruction of the network controller in the FC-AE-1553 network system, and completing an operation for the instruction of the network controller; the optical splitter is used for realizing branching of a fibre channel signal; and the network matching device is used for terminal matching of the bus optical distribution network, and realizing sequence forwarding.

Abstract: A disclosed method for optimizing channel selection in a flexible grid of an optical network may be used to select a minimum number of channels to allocate to traffic between pairs of optical transponders at a particular distance based on the modulation format and the FEC mechanism used. The method may include selecting an initial number of channels to allocate to the traffic, tuning the modulation format for the traffic while potentially reducing the number of channels, and tuning the FEC mechanism for the traffic while potentially further reducing the number of channels. The transponders may support multiple modulation formats of different orders and an adaptive FEC mechanism for which the maximum number of FEC overhead bytes is equal to the number of bytes in the transmitted data packets. The method may be implemented by an SDN controller and may be dependent on a feedback mechanism between the optical transponders.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for increasing and decreasing variable optical channel bandwidth. The method for increasing includes: sending a higher order optical channel data unit (HO ODU) frame to which a timeslot increase indication is added to a second NE; starting from a next HO ODU frame, mapping, by an NE, a bit stream formed by a flexible optical transport data unit (ODUflex) bit stream at a first rate and an idle data bit stream to Y timeslots of the HO ODU frame; sending an ODUflex frame to which a rate increase indication is added to the second NE; and starting from a next ODUflex frame, mapping an ODUflex bit stream at a second rate to the Y timeslots of the HO ODU frame.

Abstract: It is disclosed a optical transmitter for an optical network unit of a multi-wavelength passive optical network comprising an optical line termination and a number of further optical network units for transmitting upstream signals to said optical line termination on multiple upstream channels. The optical transmitter is configured to generate and transmit an optical activation signal carrying activation information to be transmitted to said optical line termination on an upstream channel, the activation signal having an optical power lower than the optical power of each one of said upstream signals. The optical transmitter comprises an optical source, a first electric source configured to modulate the optical source with a first electric signal carrying the activation information; and a second electric source configured to directly modulate the optical source with a second electric signal so as to produce a frequency chirp on the optical activation signal.

Abstract: A terminal device registration method and a device, where the method includes sending upstream registration window information to a terminal device, where the upstream registration window information indicates a starting position of an upstream registration window to the terminal device, receiving an upstream access signal sent by the terminal device from the starting position of the upstream registration window, where the upstream access signal includes a correlation sequence symbol and at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol following the correlation sequence symbol, the correlation sequence symbol is constituted by a first sequence that meets a preset condition, and the at least one OFDM symbol modulates access information by means of differential phase modulation in a frequency domain, and performing upstream ranging according to the starting position of the upstream registration window and the correlation sequence symbol.

Abstract: A first apparatus comprises: a processor configured to generate a first synchronization message; a transmitter coupled to the processor and configured to transmit the first synchronization message to a second apparatus at a first wavelength; and a receiver coupled to the processor and configured to receive a second synchronization message from the second apparatus at a second wavelength and in response to the first synchronization message, the first wavelength and the second wavelength are based on a reduction of a latency difference between the second synchronization message and the first synchronization message, and the processor is further configured to calculate a TO between the first apparatus and the second apparatus based on the reduction.

Abstract: A method for processing data by a source device which transmits an object-based audio (OBA) using a high definition media interface (HDMI), includes when a sink device is connected, requesting the sink device to read an enhanced extended display identification data (E-EDID), receiving an E-EDID including OBA-processing information of the sink device from the sink device, the OBA processing information including at least one of capability information indicating capability of processing the OBA and property information required for processing the OBA, and determining whether the sink device is capable of processing the OBA based on the OBA processing information.

Abstract: A method of Noisy Window and associated management messages to support set splitting if activating ONUs with uncalibrated transmitter, offering a power grant for unmodulated upstream transmission, measuring the average received optical power in all upstream wavelength channels and providing downstream indication of the upstream wavelength channel with abnormally high average received power.

Abstract: A power and optical fiber interface system includes a housing having an interior. A cable inlet is configured to receive a hybrid cable having an electrical conductor and an optical fiber. An insulation displacement connector (IDC) is situated in the interior of the housing configured to electrically terminate the conductor, and a cable outlet is configured to receive an output cable that is connectable to the IDC and configured to output signals received via the optical fiber.