Abstract: A hybrid sensing-communication system includes a multicore optical fiber that includes first and second cores, a first communication device optically coupled to a first end of the first core of the multicore optical fiber, a second communication device optically coupled to a second end of the first core of the multicore optical fiber, a first sensing device optically coupled to a first end of the second core of the multicore optical fiber, and a second sensing device optically coupled to a second end of the second core of the multicore optical fiber. The first and second communication devices exclusively exchange communication data along the first core, the first and second sensing devices exclusively exchange sensing data along the second core, and the communication data is different from the sensing data.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a flow cytometer is disclosed having a compact light detection module. The compact light detection module includes an image array with a transparent block, a plurality of micro-mirrors in a row coupled to a first side of the transparent block, and a plurality of filters in a row coupled to a second side of the transparent block opposite the first side. Each of the plurality of filters reflects light to one of the plurality of micro-mirrors and passes light of a differing wavelength range and each of the plurality of micro-mirrors reflects light to one of the plurality of filters, such that incident light into the image array zigzags back and forth between consecutive filters of the plurality of filters and consecutive micro-mirrors of the plurality of micro-mirrors. A radius of curvature of each of the plurality of micro-mirrors images the fiber aperture onto the odd filters and collimates the light beam on the even filters.

Abstract: The present application relates to egressing traffic from an online service provider (OSP). A network system may determine routes for flows and rates for each flow in a coordinated manner based on end-to-end performance metrics for the flows. The network system includes a central controller configured to: receive end-to-end performance information and current rate information for traffic flows, each flow being from a source within the network system to an external destination, and calculate new rate information for the traffic flows. An aggregate rate for end-to-end flows remains constant from the current rate information to the new rate information. The network system includes at least one datacenter controller configured to assign routes for new traffic flows based on the end-to-end performance information of the traffic flows. The network system includes a plurality of end-hosts configured to enforce the new rate information for the traffic flows on the assigned routes.

Abstract: A polarization-multiplexed self-homodyne analog coherent (PM-SH-ACD) architecture for optical communication links has a receiver section that polarization un-rotates a signal from a fiber optic cable into first and second polarized optical signals; recovers a polarization of the first and second optical signals based on a received polarization recovery signal that is based on a pilot signal measurement signal; demodulates the first optical signal into optical QPSK data and pilot tone signals; demodulates the second optical signal into an optical modulating laser light; splits the first and second optical signals into optical QPSK quadrature signals; converts the optical QPSK quadrature signals into electrical QPSK quadrature signals; detects a polarization of the pilot tone signal and outputs the pilot signal measurement signal polarization recovery signal based on the detected polarization.

Abstract: A multi-chip module (MCM-10) includes a substrate (11), one or more photonic chips (14) disposed on the substrate, and an electronic chip (12) disposed on the substrate. The one or more photonic chips include one or more optical channels (22), which are configured to guide propagating optical signals, and two or more photonic modulator-segments (18) coupled to each of the optical channels, each photonic modulator-segment configured to modulate the propagating optical signals responsively to digitally modulated driving electrical signals provided thereto.

Abstract: Photonic processors are described. The photonic processors described herein are configured to perform matrix-matrix (e.g., matrix-vector) multiplication. Some embodiments relate to photonic processors arranged according to a dual-rail architecture, in which numeric values are encoded in the difference between a pair optical signals (e.g., in the difference between the powers of the optical signals). Relative to other architectures, these photonic processors exhibit increased immunity to noise. Some embodiments relate to photonic processors including modulatable detector-based multipliers. Modulatable detectors are detectors designed so that the photocurrent can be modulated according to an electrical control signal. Photonic processors designed using modulatable detector-based multipliers are significantly more compact than other types of photonic processors.

Abstract: A transceiver device includes: a receiving device including a magnetic element having a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, and a spacer layer sandwiched between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, wherein the receiving device is configured to receive an optical signal; a transmission device including a modulated light output element, wherein the transmission device is configured to transmit an optical signal; and a circuit chip including an integrated circuit electrically connected to the magnetic element and the modulated light output element.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a USB 2.0 photoelectric transmission system, which includes a first USB 2.0 connector, a second USB 2.0 connector, a first signal directional interpreting circuit, a second signal directional interpreting circuit, a first laser, a second laser, a first photodetector and a second photodetector, wherein a first end and a second end of the first signal directional interpreting circuit are respectively connected with a D+ pin and a D? pin of the first USB 2.0 connector; a third end and a fourth end of the first signal directional interpreting circuit are respectively connected with the first laser and the second photodetector.

Abstract: The system includes an optical line terminal, a cloud server and an optical network terminal, wherein, the optical line terminal includes a part of management entities supported by the OMCI protocol, the part of management entities is associated with device information of the optical line terminal, the cloud server supports virtual OMCI, and the cloud server includes another part of management entities supported by the OMCI protocol. According to the scheme of the disclosure, by retaining a part of MEs supported by the OMCI protocol which is associated with the device information of OLT in OLT, and deploying another part of MEs supported by the OMCI protocol in the cloud server, it can reduce or avoid the dependency of the vOMCI on the OLT device while the vOMCI is realized to reduce the complexity of the OLT device and improve the flexibility of deploying the OMCI protocol stack of different service providers.

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed for facilitating an end-to-end link channel with one or more lookup tables for equalization. An example system includes a first transceiver and a second transceiver. The first transceiver includes a clock data recovery (CDR) circuit configured to receive communication data from a switch and to manage a lookup table associated with equalization of the communication data. The first transceiver also includes a first driver circuit communicatively coupled to the CDR circuit and configured to generate an electrical signal associated with the communication data. The second transceiver includes a second driver circuit, communicatively coupled to the first transceiver, that is configured to receive the electrical signal from the first transceiver and to modulate a laser source based on the electrical signal to generate an optical signal via the laser source.

Abstract: Fiber optic connectors are provided that include a substrate having a groove therein, an optical fiber that is at least partly in the groove, an optical mode field converter or other focusing reflector that is positioned to receive an optical signal that is output from the optical fiber and a housing that surrounds the substrate and the optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical transmitter includes quadrature modulators and light receiving elements to which inverted output light of output light from the quadrature modulators is input, the quadrature modulators including parent Mach-Zehnder modulators in respective paths of a first pair of paths into which carrier light from a light source is split, the parent Mach-Zehnder modulators including child Mach-Zehnder modulators including first phase modulation units, and second phase modulation units.

Abstract: A laser projecting device and a light-combining lens are provided. The light-combining lens is a one-piece structure, and has a difference of refractive indexes less than 0.2. The light-combining lens includes collimation surfaces, reflection surfaces, and a light emergent surface. Each collimation surface defines a collimation path inside the light-combining lens. The reflection surfaces respectively located at the collimation paths are parallel to each other and arranged along an arrangement direction. The light emergent surface is located at the arrangement direction. Each reflection surface and the corresponding collimation path have an acute angle therebetween to define a reflection path. The reflection paths are overlapped in the light-combining lens to define a light-combining path.

Abstract: A receiving optical system control device according to the present invention has: a light intensity calculation means for calculating, from a reception signal acquired by receiving, for each of plurality of mode light beams which are of the incident optical beams and which have been coupled to a plurality of propagation modes of the optical transmission medium by an optical system provided with a variable mechanism, the light intensity of each of the mode light beams; an optical phase calculation means for calculating the optical phase of each of the mode light beams from the reception signal; a relative phase calculation means for calculating the relative phase between the plurality of mode light beams from the optical phases; and a control amount calculation means for calculating the control amount of the variable mechanism from the light intensity and the relative phase.

Abstract: A transmission/reception device is configured to convert an optical signal based on a plurality of first optical signals having frequency bands different from each other into an electric signal and output the electric signal as a plurality of first electric signals; receive the plurality of first electric signals, change frequency bands of some or all of a plurality of second electric signals to narrow an interval between frequency bands of two second electric signals having frequency bands adjacent to each other, and output, as third electric signals, electric signals; to receive a plurality of the third electric signals, combine and output the plurality of third electric signals as a fourth electric signal; and receive the fourth electric signal, convert the fourth electric signal into an optical signal, and output the optical signal as a second optical signal.

Abstract: Structured beams, Bessel beams, Laguerre Gaussian beams, and focused Gaussian are used as a natural waveguide and its group velocity can be subluminal (slower than the speed of light) as compared to a Gaussian beam in free space. A free space dispersion relation for a Bessel beam, i.e., the dependence of its wavenumber on its angular frequency, is outlined from which the Bessel beam's subliminal group velocity is derived. For reasonable conditions a Bessel light beam has associated parameters that allow slowing near a critical frequency. The application of Bessel beams for a natural optical buffer in free space is presented. Optical transitions and selection rules in materials are altered by structured light carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM). Nano antennas are used to enhance the interactions of structured light.

Abstract: An integrated apparatus with optical/electrical interfaces and protocol converter on a single silicon substrate. The apparatus includes an optical module comprising one or more modulators respectively coupled with one or more laser devices for producing a first optical signal to an optical interface and one or more photodetectors for detecting a second optical signal from the optical interface to generate a current signal. Additionally, the apparatus includes a transmit lane module coupled between the optical module and an electrical interface to receive a first electric signal from the electrical interface and provide a framing protocol for driving the one or more modulators. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a receive lane module coupled between the optical module and the electrical interface to process the current signal to send a second electric signal to the electrical interface.

Abstract: A multi-channel transmitter includes a light source, a pulse generator and a mode splitter. The light source generates a continuous source light wave with multiple modes that are different from each other in terms of wavelength and waveform. The pulse generator generates, based on the continuous source light wave, an intermediate light pulse with multiple modes that are different from each other in terms of wavelength and waveform. The mode splitter has a plurality of output terminals, and generates, based on the intermediate light pulse and respectively at the output terminals thereof, a plurality of output light pulses that respectively correspond to the modes of the intermediate light pulse.

Abstract: A method, system and computer-usable medium are disclosed for providing a travel network infrastructure. A dedicated Li-F connection is provided for each physical space such as a seat, expected to accommodate a passenger in a travel network such as an airline. A passenger is authenticated according to a physical space occupied by the passenger. If authentication is successful, a secure Li-Fi channel is established for the passenger. The access point of the Li-Fi channel is only leveraged by the passenger and no other passengers.

Abstract: A tunable wavelength filtering device is presented in which the tuning mechanism is based on altering the incident angle to an optical thin film coating stack, or thin film optical filter. Rotating mirrors, such as Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) tilt-mirrors, are used to alter the incident angle of the optical beam coming from an input fiber, and also to aim or align the exiting beam to an output optical fiber. The optical thin film coating stack can be implemented onto a glass substrate, to form a thin film filter chip. The thin film filter chip can be fixed in place, and the incident angle and exiting angle of the optical beam is varied by adjusting the tilt angle of the two rotating mirrors.

Abstract: A multicore optical fiber amplifier according to an exemplary aspect of the present invention includes a multicore optical fiber amplification medium including, in a clad, a plurality of cores doped with a rare earth element; signal light introduction means for introducing, into each of the plurality of cores, signal light with a wavelength included in a gain band of the multicore optical fiber amplification medium; excitation light introduction means for introducing, into the clad, excitation light for exciting the multicore optical fiber amplification medium; and control light introduction means for introducing control light into each of the plurality of cores, wherein the control light introduction means introduces the control light into a non-signal core into which the signal light is not being introduced, among the plurality of cores, only when the excitation light is being introduced.

Abstract: A method by a coordination node is provided for controlling communications between Li-Fi APs and UEs. The method includes receiving peer connectivity reports from Li-Fi APs which identify Li-Fi APs having at least partially overlapping coverage areas, and developing a handover pathway data structure, based on the peer connectivity reports, that identifies Li-Fi APs that can receive communication handover from other identified Li-Fi APs. The method further includes determining an identifier of a first Li-Fi AP providing Li-Fi communication service for a UE, and accessing the handover pathway data structure using the identifier of the first Li-Fi AP to determine an identifier of a second Li-Fi AP to which handover from the first Li-Fi AP can be performed. The method then initiates handover of the Li-Fi communication service for the UE from the first Li-Fi AP to the second Li-Fi AP.

Abstract: Techniques for transmitting reference signals (RSs) having respective signal patterns in the coding chain to improve performance of multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) communication systems are presented. For downlink transmissions, an RS management component (RSMC) of a network node can determine a first resource element (RE) pattern for RSs of a first cell and a second RE pattern for RSs of a second cell in the time, frequency, or code domain. RSMC can utilize an adaptive interleaver in the coding chain to improve performance of MIMO systems. RSMC can facilitate configuring user equipment (UE) about the interleaver at the RE domain or as part of virtual resource block (VRB)-to-physical resource block (PRB) domain. RSMC can thereby reduce interference on RSs from other co-channel RSs, thereby improving channel estimation performance for channel-state-information estimation and data detection by the UE, and achieving significant gains in link and system throughputs.

Abstract: A system for transmitting signals includes Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) processing circuitry for receiving a plurality of input signals and applying a different orbital angular momentum to each of the plurality of input signals for transmission to a second location. Electromagnetic knot processing circuitry receives a plurality of OAM processed signals from the OAM processing circuitry and applies an electromagnetic knot to each of the received OAM processed signal before transmission to the second location. Multiplexing circuitry multiplexes the plurality of OAM/electromagnetic knot processed signals into a single multiplexed OAM/electromagnetic knot processed signal. A first signal degradation caused by environmental factors of the OAM/electromagnetic knot processed signal is improved over a second signal degradation caused by the environmental factors of a signal not including the electromagnetic knot.

Abstract: A photonics sensing system includes, in part, first and second multipath integrated optical networks, an optical radiator, and an optical receiver. The first multipath integrated optical network includes, in part, N optical delay elements each supplying one of N delayed optical signals of a received optical pulse, N optical modules each supplying a portion of a different one of the N delayed optical signals, and an optical combiner adapted to combine the N delayed portions to generate a modulated optical signal. The smallest of the N delays is smaller than a width of the received optical pulse. The optical radiator is adapted to radiate the modulated optical signal. The optical receiver is adapted to receive a reflection of the transmitted signal. The second multipath integrated optical network is adapted to demodulate the reflected signal received by the optical receiver.

Abstract: A method includes determining a pattern of a change in luminance, by demodulating an identification information to be transmitted with a ceiling light, and transmitting the identification information, by the ceiling light changing in luminance according to the determined pattern of the change in luminance. Additionally, in the determining, a first luminance change pattern, corresponding to a first body, and a second luminance change pattern, corresponding to a first header used for the first body, are determined. Furthermore, in the transmitting, the first header and the first body are transmitted by the ceiling light changing in luminance according to the first luminance change pattern, the second luminance change pattern, and the first luminance change pattern in the stated order.

Abstract: A Mach-Zehnder optical modulator creates a first driving signal to be applied to a first section, and a second driving signal to be applied to a second section, and includes a generator, an optical modulator, and a setting unit. The generator generates a first dither signal and a second dither signal. The optical modulator optical modulates an optical signal into a quaternary or more value optical modulation signal by applying the first driving signal superimposed by the first dither signal, and by applying the second driving signal superposed by the second dither signal. The setting unit sets, when a length of the second section is n times as long as the first section, the first dither signal and the second dither signal to have a same phase, and sets such that an amplitude of the first dither signal is n times as large as that of the second dither signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of optical transmission delay compensation of a system including a main unit and a remote unit, wherein the main unit and the remote unit are connected to each other through an optical transmission line, including: receiving a reference signal, by the remote unit, generated by the main unit through the optical transmission line; analog converting the reference signal and performing analog processing on the reference signal; converting the analog-processed reference signal into an RF signal and radiating the RF signal; and measuring a delay time until the reference signal is generated and radiated as the RF signal. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain an effect of preventing degradation of service quality due to interference by synchronizing remote units and improving the service quality.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for transmitting a broadcast signal. The method for transmitting a broadcast signal according to the present invention may comprise the steps of: generating a plurality of items of signaling information for signaling broadcast data; generating a link layer packet using the plurality of items of signaling information; generating a broadcast signal using the link layer packet; and transmitting the broadcast signal.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to reduce the size of a receiving device circuit in an optical space communication system while maintaining communication stability. A data receiving device which decodes one item of data from a plurality of input signals includes: two or more digital signal processing means for subjecting the plurality of input signals to signal processing; a first recording means for temporarily recording the plurality of input signals; a SN ratio estimating means for estimating S/N ratios of each of the plurality of input signals and determining the number of the plurality of input signals to be combined, and the signals to be combined; and a scheduling means for carrying out overall control on the basis of the results from the SN ratio estimating means.

Abstract: A system configured to monitor temperature in a plurality of zones of an aircraft includes an optical fiber with first and second ends, first and second connectors, and a first interrogator. The optical fiber includes a plurality of fiber Bragg gratings disposed in the optical fiber. The first connector is disposed on the first end of the optical fiber and the second connector is disposed on the second end of the optical fiber. The first interrogator is connected to the first connector and includes an optical switch. The optical switch is in optical communication with the first connector of the optical fiber and is configured to selectively block transmission of the optical signal to the optical fiber.

Abstract: Systems and methods for setting fiber input power for an optical transmission path may include determining an initial modulation format representing a uniform distribution QAM format, the initial modulation format associated with a first fiber input power and a first spectral efficiency, configuring optical transponders to apply probabilistic shaping to the initial modulation format when transmitting traffic over the optical transmission path, the traffic including probabilistically shaped signals with a second spectral efficiency, determining, dependent on the second spectral efficiency, a second fiber input power, and configuring optical amplifiers along the optical transmission path to transmit the traffic comprising the probabilistically shaped signals over the optical transmission path using the second fiber input power.

Abstract: An information communication method obtains information from a subject using a terminal device that includes an image sensor. The method includes setting an exposure time of the image sensor having a plurality of exposure lines so that a bright line corresponding to each of the plurality of exposure lines appears according to a change in luminance of the subject. The method also includes obtaining a bright line image including a plurality of bright lines, by capturing the subject that changes in luminance by the image sensor, and obtaining identification information of the subject. The subject has a rectangular shape, is captured with an around view of the subject. Each of the plurality of bright lines appears within the rectangular shape of the subject in the bright line image, and follows a direction between long sides of the rectangular shape of the subject in the bright line image.

Abstract: Systems and methods for achieving full duplex bidirectional transmission across coaxial cable in a hybrid fiber-coaxial cable TV network. Some preferred systems and method will attenuate reflections propagated within the coaxial cable. Other preferred systems may echo-cancel reflections propagated within the coaxial cable.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a laser emitter configured to transmit laser energy across an air gap to a separate device; a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI); driver circuitry electrically coupled to the laser emitter, wherein the driver circuitry is configured to receive an electrical signal according to an MIPI protocol and drive the laser emitter according to the electrical signal; a tone circuit configured to generate a tone signal of a specified tone frequency; and an MIPI mode detection circuit electrically coupled to the driver circuitry and the MIPI, wherein the MIPI mode detection circuit is configured to detect a change between a MIPI low power (LP) mode and a MIPI high speed (HS) mode at the MIPI interface, and add the tone signal to an electrical signal provided to the driver circuitry from the MIPI according to the detected change.

Abstract: A method for mapping a packet service onto an optical transport network is disclosed. An embodiment of the method includes: receiving a packet service message from an access side, identifying the message by using a first board number of a first line board in which a first egress is located and a first port number of the first egress; sending the message to the first line board corresponding to the first board number; and encapsulating the message that is sent to the first line board, mapping the encapsulated message onto a first optical channel data unit ODU corresponding to the first port number, and sending the first ODU by using the first egress. Cross-connect scheduling of any bandwidth in any direction is implemented based on a packet service, and packet services on different tributary boards share different ODU timeslots or a same ODU timeslot on a same line board.

Abstract: An optical transmission device includes an optical amplifier that optically amplifies a wavelength multiplexing signal which is input, a wavelength selective switch that splits, inserts, or transmits an optical signal of any wavelength of the wavelength multiplexing signal, an optical channel power monitor that detects power of each channel of the wavelength multiplexing signal which is input and the wavelength multiplexing signal which is output, and a controller that calculates an amount of change in the optical signal of each channel in which a gain of each channel between an input and an output to and from the device is steady, and adjusts an amount of attenuation of the wavelength selective switch, based on the power of each channel of the wavelength multiplexing signal that is detected by the optical channel power monitor.

Abstract: An optical transmitter includes: an amplitude control circuit, an E/O (Electrical-to-Optical) circuit, a detector and an optical power control circuit. The amplitude control circuit controls an amplitude of an input electric signal to generate a constant amplitude electric signal. The E/O circuit generates a modulated optical signal from the constant amplitude electric signal by a direct modulation. The detector detects an amplitude modulation component of the input electric signal. The optical power control circuit controls a power of the modulated optical signal based on the amplitude modulation component detected by the detector.

Abstract: An optical node (100) is disclosed. The optical node (100) comprises first and second line ports (104, 106) for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) signals and first and second pluralities of local add/drop ports (108, 110) for optical signals. The optical node further comprises a wavelength selective switch (112), coupled between the first and second line ports (104, 106) and configured to drop optical signals from a WDM signal traversing the optical node between the first and second line ports (104, 106), and a node optical combiner (114) coupled between the first and second line ports (104, 106) and configured to add optical signals to a WDM signal traversing the optical node between the first and second line ports (104, 106).

Abstract: Free-space communication systems and methods are provided. The systems include a transmitter that combines multiple sets of radio-frequency-modulated optical carrier frequencies for transmission across free space using multiple transmission apertures. Different sets of signals are filtered to form single sideband signals. The different sets of single sideband signals are then combined to form dense wavelength division multiplexed signals. In addition, combined sets of signals of different polarizations can be combined. A receiver can include a single receive aperture.

Abstract: An upstream allocation circuit (14) and a downstream allocation circuit (15) are provided in an OLT (1). For example, a superimposed frame obtained by bundling upstream frames (upstream control frames+upstream data frames) from all ONUS is input to the upstream allocation circuit (14) via a frame reproduction circuit (12-1). The superimposed frame may be generated at the stage of optical signals or generated after converting optical signals into electrical signals. The upstream allocation circuit (14) allocates each of the upstream control frames bundled into the superimposed frame to a predetermined PON control circuit (13) based on information (PON port number or LLID) added to the frames. The downstream allocation circuit (15) allocates, to a preset frame reproduction circuit (12), each downstream control frames output from the PON control circuits (13).

Abstract: A method for optimizing reception of a polarized single-carrier transmission, including transmitting a polarized single-carrier transmission to a receiver, receiving feedback from the receiver of a figure of merit of the polarized single-carrier transmission, and electronically changing polarization of the polarized single-carrier transmission based on the feedback. A single-carrier communication transmitter including a source for a polarized single-carrier transmission signal, a circuit for receiving feedback from a receiver describing a figure of merit of a received polarized single-carrier transmission, and a circuit for changing polarization of the polarized single-carrier transmission signal, based on the feedback. Related apparatus, systems and methods are also described.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM). The ROADM has a wavelength selective switch (WSS) that does not perform power equalization when the WSS is operative. The ROADM also has a first pre-amplifier, a first channel power equalizer operatively coupled to the first pre-amplifier, a second pre-amplifier operatively coupled to the first channel power equalizer and the WSS, a first post-amplifier operatively coupled to the WSS, a second channel power equalizer operatively coupled to the first post-amplifier, and a second post-amplifier operative coupled to the second channel power equalizer.

Abstract: A highly integrated multi-channel optical transceiver module based on silicon photonic chip technology includes an integrated silicon photonic chip, an integrated circuit chip, and a printed circuit board assembly. The integrated silicon photonic chip and the integrated circuit chip are both integrated on silicon substrates and are furthered bonded on printed circuit board assembly. The integrated silicon photonic chip includes a silicon photonic transmitter chip and a silicon photonic receiver chip that both connected to optical fiber connectors through the optical fiber patch cord jumpers. The integrated circuit chip includes an integrated circuit transmitter chip that connected to the silicon photonic transmitter chip through a wire bonding, and an integrated circuit receiver chip that connected to the silicon photonic receiver chip through a wire bonding.

Abstract: A flame retardant optical fiber is provided. The flame retardant optical fiber includes a glass core, a cladding surrounding the glass core and a primary coating adhered to the cladding. The flame retardant optical fiber also includes a secondary coating surrounding the primary coating, wherein the secondary coating is formed from a coating composition that is substantially free of an oligomeric component and that comprises a flame retardant composition including a flame retardant material.

Abstract: A station-side device performs transmission and reception of an optical signal to and from a subscriber-side device, and includes a communication control unit configured to perform optical signal communication using a plurality of wavelengths by wavelength division multiplexing and time division multiplexing; and a registration unit configured to set an acceptance period in at least one wavelength among the plurality of wavelengths, to perform a new registration of a subscriber-side device in response to a registration request of the subscriber-side device received within the acceptance period, and not to set the acceptance period in at least one other wavelength among the plurality of wavelengths.

Abstract: A scheme for generating asymmetric single sideband photonic vector signal at millimeter wave spectral region is described. At a transmitter, information bits to be transmitted are modulated using a vector modulation technique to generate a baseband signal. The baseband signal is converted into its single sideband (SSB) version using a complex frequency source having a first frequency. The real part of the upconverted signal is added to the real part of a second frequency source and is input as I component to an I/Q modulator. The imaginary part of the upconverted signal is added to the imaginary part of the second frequency source and is used as the Q component. The I/Q modulator is driven by a laser source at frequency fc. The resulting signal is transmitter over an optical transmission medium and upconverted by a single-ended photodiode to a desired radio-frequency (RF) carrier frequency.

Abstract: A serializer circuit may include a recovery circuit, an adjusting circuit, and a multiplexer circuit. The recovery circuit may be configured to receive a first data signal at a first frequency, to generate a first clock signal at the first frequency using the first data signal, and to retime the first data signal based on the first clock signal to generate a retimed first data signal. The adjusting circuit may be configured to receive a second data signal and retime the second data signal based on the first clock signal to generate a retimed second data signal. The multiplexer circuit may be configured to multiplex the retimed first data signal and the retimed second data signal.

Abstract: A method to tune an emission wavelength of a wavelength tunable laser apparatus is disclosed. The laser apparatus implements, in addition to a wavelength tunable laser diode (t-LD) integrating with a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), a wavelength monitor including an etalon filter. The current emission wavelength is determined by a ratio of the magnitude of a filtered beam passing the etalon filter to a raw beam not passing the etalon filter. The method first sets the SOA in an absorbing mode to sense stray component disturbing the wavelength monitor, then correct the ratio of the beams by subtracting the contribution from the stray component.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method for training time slot synchronization of nodes in an Optical Burst Transport Network (OBTN), a node device and a network. The method includes that: a node trains a reference time delay between receiving of a control frame and receiving of a data frame, wherein the data frame and the control frame are within one period; and the node trains a sending time slot between sending of adjacent data packets in the data frame.