Abstract: Optical transmission device is provided in one of a plurality of nodes in an optical network. Different carrier frequencies are respectively allocated to the plurality of nodes. The optical transmission device includes: transmitter, splitter and receiver. The transmitter generates a first subcarrier optical signal with a first subcarrier established on a low-frequency side of a first carrier frequency and a second subcarrier optical signal with a second subcarrier established on a high-frequency side of the first carrier frequency. The splitter splits an optical signal including the first subcarrier optical signal and the second subcarrier optical signal. The output of the splitter is guided to first and second adjacent nodes. The receiver recovers data carried by the first subcarrier and data carried by the second subcarrier from received optical signal. A difference between carrier frequencies of adjacent nodes corresponds to a bandwidth of the subcarrier.

Abstract: A method and a device for establishing channels for PON are disclosed. The method is applied to an ONU side and comprises: sending, after receiving a registration message sent from an OLT, a message responding to the registration message to the OLT, wherein the message responding to the registration message includes first parameter information for defining self uniqueness or includes combined information composed of self-first parameter information and second parameter information configured by the OLT, and the first parameter information and the combined information is used for defining a binding relationship for establishing multiple channels with the OLT; and completing the establishment of channels according to a channel use command sent from the OLT, wherein the channel use command comprises multiple pieces of channel identification information allocated by the OLT.

Abstract: A method for transmitting an optical signal through a first channel and a second channel includes coupling the optical signal with a first pair of comb lines separated by a spacing frequency to create an optical signal copy that is spaced from the optical signal by the spacing frequency. The method also includes filtering a first slice of the optical signal and a second slice of the optical signal copy. The method also includes transmitting the first slice of the optical signal and the second slice of the optical signal through the first channel and the second channel, respectively. The method also includes stitching the first slice of the optical signal with the second slice of the optical signal copy to generate a stitched version of the original optical signal.

Abstract: Techniques are described for identifying a rogue network interface device whose laser is not under control of a controller of the network interface device. The techniques identify the rogue network interface device based on reception of a predefined data pattern in a timeslot that is not reserved for any of the network interface devices without needing to disable upstream data transmission from the network interface devices during their assigned timeslots. The techniques also relate to a network interface device determining whether the network interface device is transmitting optical signals at a wavelength different than the wavelength that the OLT to which the network interface device is associated receives.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an apparatus and method for cancelling interference noise in an optical communication system. According to an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for cancelling interference noise in an optical communication system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention comprising: a communication unit for receiving first signals including baseband signals and radio frequency tone signals from at least two subscriber terminals and for detecting a second signal in which the first signals are combined; and a control unit for extracting a first interference noise generated around the radio frequency tone signals from the second signal and for cancelling a second interference noise generated around baseband signals using the first interference noise from the second signal.

Abstract: Techniques are described for identifying a rogue network interface device whose laser is not under control of a controller of the network interface device. The techniques identify the rogue network interface device based on reception of a predefined data pattern in a timeslot that is not reserved for any of the network interface devices without needing to disable upstream data transmission from the network interface devices during their assigned timeslots. The techniques also relate to a network interface device determining whether the network interface device is transmitting optical signals at a wavelength different than the wavelength that the OLT to which the network interface device is associated receives.

Abstract: Techniques are described for identifying a rogue network interface device whose laser is not under control of a controller of the network interface device. The techniques identify the rogue network interface device based on reception of a predefined data pattern in a timeslot that is not reserved for any of the network interface devices without needing to disable upstream data transmission from the network interface devices during their assigned timeslots. The techniques also relate to a network interface device determining whether the network interface device is transmitting optical signals at a wavelength different than the wavelength that the OLT to which the network interface device is associated receives.

Abstract: Techniques are described for identifying a rogue network interface device whose laser is not under control of a controller of the network interface device. The techniques identify the rogue network interface device based on reception of a predefined data pattern in a timeslot that is not reserved for any of the network interface devices without needing to disable upstream data transmission from the network interface devices during their assigned timeslots. The techniques also relate to a network interface device determining whether the network interface device is transmitting optical signals at a wavelength different than the wavelength that the OLT to which the network interface device is associated receives.

Abstract: A network switch is disclosed with each port having the function of: electrical processing and optical modulation; electrical processing has the ability to identify packet or frame destination; burst mode transmission and receiving capability; uses its pre-assigned time slot to send to the corresponding destination, or receive from the expected source.

Abstract: Provided is a method of selecting a wavelength of an optical network unit including selecting a pre-loaded default wavelength as an available wavelength candidate or the wavelength that has been changed when a preset wavelength changing condition is satisfied as the available wavelength candidate, acquiring frame synchronization for a downstream signal having the same wavelength as the selected available wavelength candidate, and transmitting a registration request message to an optical line terminal (OLT) from which the downstream signal has been transmitted when the frame synchronization is acquired, assigning the available wavelength candidate to an available wavelength used for communication with the OLT and registering the terminal in the OLT when a registration allowance message is received from the OLT.

Abstract: An optical communication system in which optical transmitter 101 that modulates an electric signal to an optical signal and transmits the optical signal and optical receiver 108 that receives the optical signal are connected via transmission path 107, wherein, when a change in the dispersion amount of chromatic dispersion caused by the optical signal passing through transmission path 107 is nearly eliminated, optical transmitter 101 and optical receiver 108 decrease the absolute value of a receiver-side dispersion compensation amount while keeping the total value of a transmitter-side dispersion compensation amount for compensating for the dispersion amount by optical transmitter 101 and the receiver-side dispersion compensation amount for compensating for the dispersion amount by optical receiver 108 substantially constant.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an optical network system, an Optical Line Terminal (OLT), an Optical Network Unit (ONU) and an Optical Distribution Network (ODN) apparatus. The system includes: an OLT configured to modulate and encode at least one line of time-division-multiplexed downlink signals, synthesize the downlink signals encoded into one line and then output it, receive uplink signals, and decode the uplink signals received and then output them; an ODN configured to separate the downlink signals received into multiple lines and then output them, synthesize the uplink signals received into one line, and then output it to the OLT; and ONUs configured to receive the downlink signals output from the ODN, decode the downlink signals received and output them, encode one line of time-division-multiplexed uplink signals, and output the uplink signals encoded to the ODN. Decoding of the downlink signals and encoding of the uplink signals can further be implemented by the ODN.

Abstract: An optical receiver comprises an optical port configured to receive an encoded optical signal, and a demodulation block indirectly coupled to the port and comprising a multiplexer, wherein the multiplexer is configured to receive an encoded electrical signal, wherein the encoded electrical signal is associated with the encoded optical signal, and wherein the encoded electrical signal is encoded using a code division multiple access (CDMA) scheme, receive a code associated with the scheme, perform a dot multiplication of the encoded electrical signal and the code, and generate a differential voltage based on the dot multiplication.

Abstract: An augmented reality system with encoding light emitting beacons placed in a scene. Beacons placed at desired locations in a scene emit light modulated with multiple access encoding that conveys an identifier for its emitting beacon. The emitted light signals are also blanked for longer than a time between image capturing by an image augmenting device. Beacons viewed in captured images are identified by correlating an absence of a beacon in an image with an absence of a received identifier in received light signals. In a view of the scene presented to a user, augmenting images are obtained based upon the determined beacon identifier and are displayed at locations in the scene based upon the determined location of that beacon. Beacons that emit pulsed light signals encoded with the multiple access coding are also provided.

Abstract: A method and memory medium in a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) network that communicates multiplexed signals representing a plurality of communication channels to determine received signal quality are disclosed. Generally, the signals format the plurality of communication channels to impart a distinctive noise profile in time or frequency for each channel; and collectively process the channels at a digital signal processing device to measure the signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes systems and techniques relating to reconfigurable optical transmitters. In some implementations, an apparatus, systems, or methods can include multiple ports to receive independent optical data signals or independent electrical signals that are converted into independent optical data signals, at least one optical pump laser, and one or more nonlinear optics elements configured and arranged to generate a phase conjugate for each of the independent optical data signals at least by combining the respective independent optical data signal with an output of the optical pump, and generate an output optical signal from the independent optical data signals at least by combining each of the independent optical data signals with its corresponding generated phase conjugate.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for providing content to devices in a content distribution network. In one embodiment, a hybrid fiber/coax network provides optical signals to an amplification and combination node, the signals which are converted to radio frequency (RF) signals and transmitted to a series of cascading amplification and combination apparatus. The converted signals are combined with legacy RF signals at the combination apparatus, and distributed further downstream to serviced premises as well as other portions of the network cascade. Time division techniques are used to mitigate interference between the various amplification and combination nodes within the cascade. The programmable time division devices allow for rapid spectrum reallocation, and for insertion of different content at each different node of the network.

Abstract: A complex orthogonal code in the present invention is one in which each row of a square matrix of N rows and N columns in which an element of an mth row and nth column is exp[2?j(m?1)(n?1)/N] (where j is an imaginary unit) is adopted as a code word. An optical orthogonal code for Optical Code Division Multiplexing/Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDM/OCDMA) is realized by a train of N-number of optical pulses corresponding to the argument (phase) of the code elements. An optical transmitter or optical receiver includes an optical correlator provided with a sampled Bragg grating having a plurality of Bragg gratings disposed serially at regular intervals inside an optical waveguide. The optical correlator is allocated any one of the code words. In the optical transmitter, an optical signal to be transmitted is encoded by the optical correlator. In the receiver, a received optical signal is decoded by the optical correlator.

Abstract: An optical data bus transceiver (110), optical data bus system (100) and method (300) employ a disambiguation signal to resolve bit ambiguities in a summation signal on an optical data bus (104). The optical data bus transceiver includes a transmitter (112) connected to the optical bus and configured, in conjunction with another transmitter (112?, 120), to produce on the optical bus the summation signal during a first interval and the disambiguation signal during a second interval. The optical data bus transceiver further includes a receiver (114) configured to receive (310) the summation signal. The summation signal includes a summation of separate data signals from each of the transceiver transmitter (112) and the other transmitter (112?, 120). The disambiguation signal includes information to resolve bit ambiguities in the summation signal. A bit ambiguity results from a summation of data bits in each of the respective data signals during a symbol period of the first interval.

Abstract: The invention relates to controlling a lighting device, particularly to the modulation of light generated by a solid state lighting (SSL) device. The invention provides a method and device for modulating the light emission of a lighting device by keying each pulse (14) of a sequence of pulses (16) contained in the control signal (10) according to a spreading code. Thus, the light emission of a lighting device may be identified by detecting the spreading code used for modulating the light emission. The invention is particularly suitable for lighting means containing several lighting devices such as a LED lighting board with dozens of LEDs since the light emission of each lighting device may be detected by the spreading code used for modulating the light emission.

Abstract: In a passive optical communication network system, an optical signal OCDM-coded is transmitted from an OLT to a first port of a circulator, which in turn transfers the signal from its second port to one end of a first SSFBG. The first SSFBG then decodes the signal of one channel to output the decoded signal from its one end to the second port of the circulator, which in turn transmits the decoded signal from its third port to an ONU. When the ONU transmits an optical signal to the third port of the circulator, the circulator transfers the signal from its fourth port to one end of a second SSFBG, which in turn encodes the signal to output the encoded signal from its one end to the fourth port of the circulator. The circulator then transmits the encoded signal from its first port to the OLT.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus includes a plurality of code spreaders different in spreading code, a reception processing unit that selectively distributes transmission data to the plurality of code spreaders, a plurality of optical transmitters each of which that transmit a code-spread signal to an optical fiber as a CDMA optical signal of a carrier wavelength different from that of the other optical transmitters, and a signal multiplexing unit that selectively supplies outputs of the plurality of code spreaders to the plurality of optical transmitters. A receiving apparatus includes an optical receiver that receives a wavelength-division-multiplexed CDMA optical signal from the optical fiber, and a plurality of despreaders connected to the optical receiver and different in spreading code, wherein each of the despreaders reproduces a CDMA signal corresponding to its spreading code from an output signal of the optical receiver.

Abstract: A method for dynamic routing an optical signal in an optical network is provided, including: executing a shortest-path algorithm receiving input concerning a source node, a destination node and the topology of the network, providing a shortest-path tree comprising nodes and arcs connecting the nodes, the shortest-path tree comprising branches along which an effective attenuation is no greater than a predetermined limit, each branch comprising an end node and each end node being associated with a corresponding set of wavelengths; checking, for each end node having no wavelength conversion resources and for each wavelength, if the end node is connected to at least another node external to the branch through the wavelength; excluding, for any end node if the result of the checking is negative for at least one wavelength, the at least one wavelength from the corresponding set of wavelengths, thus updating the topology; and re-executing the shortest-path algorithm.

Abstract: A programmable encoder is provided that includes at least one optical input for receiving a modulated broadband optical signal and at least one optical output. A dispersion element receives the optical signal from the optical input and spatially separates the optical signal into a plurality of wavelength components. A collimating element is provided for collimating the plurality of wavelength components. An actuatable optical arrangement receives the collimated plurality of wavelength components from the collimating element. The actuatable optical arrangement includes a digital micromirror device (DMD) from which a programmably selected subset of wavelength components are reflected at least twice before being directed to a selected one of optical outputs to thereby encode the CDMA signal.

Abstract: Methods and systems for optimizing the efficiency of simultaneous data transfers throughout a data network are provided. In the system, a time division system clock includes a network time division clock policy having a plurality of time slots. The network time division clock policy identifies a unique clock code for each of the time slots. Also, a source node and a destination node each include a portion of the network time division clock policy. The time division system clock continuously transmits the unique clock code identified for a particular time slot to the source node and the destination node during the duration of the time slot. Based on the clock code, the source nodes determines if it is assigned a communication channel to transmit collision-free data to the destination node during the duration of the particular time slot.

Abstract: In a PON system, an OLT periodically transmits a channel resource information block specifying a carrier wavelength and a spreading code on a first downstream channel to which a spread-spectrum spreader having a first spreading code is applied; one of ONUs receives the channel resource information block with a spread-spectrum despreader having the first spreading code and transmits a connection request to the OLT, using the carrier wavelength and the spreading code specified by the channel resource information block; the OLT having received the connection request transmits a new channel resource information block specifying a carrier wavelength and a spreading code to be used on an upstream data channel to the requester ONU through the first channel; and the requester ONU transmits data, using the carrier wavelength and the spreading code specified by the new channel resource information block.

Abstract: An optical code division multiplexing signal generator provided with an optical pulse light source, a first encoder to an Nth encoder, a first optical modulator to an Nth optical modulator, and a first optical circulator to an Nth optical circulator. The first optical circulator inputs an input optical pulse train to a first encoder, and inputs a first encoded optical pulse train output by Bragg reflection from the first encoder to the first optical modulator. The kth optical circulator inputs an input (k?1)th optical pulse train which has passed through the (k?1)th encoder to a kth encoder, and inputs a kth encoded optical pulse train output by Bragg reflection from the kth encoder to the kth optical modulator. Herein k takes all integers from 2 to N, and N is a positive integer of 2 or more.

Abstract: A receiver may train its equalizer using consecutive pilot bursts, divide the traffic between the consecutive pilot bursts into multiple sub-segments, and interpolate the trained equalizer coefficients to obtain the coefficients for equalizing one or more of the sub-segments. The receiver may also determine signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) values based on each of the consecutive pilot bursts, and interpolate the SINR for decoding one or more of the sub-segments. The receiver may be an access terminal receiver operating in a code division multiple access (CDMA) cellular system.

Abstract: Invention shows an electro-optical key arrangement comprising for a key of the key arrangement comprises: a transmitter (LED1) arranged (G1,G2,G3) to transmit photon radiation at a wave-length range comprising at least one wave length, into a wave guide forming an optical path, a receiver (LED2) arranged to receive, said photon radiation on said at least one wave length, at least partly from said optical path, and to convert said photon radiation into an electric form to be used for an electric signal, and a detector circuit (D1,D2,D3) arranged to detect changes in said photon radiation received for forming a specific electric signal as a key (Q1,Q2,Q3) specific signal.

Abstract: An optical transmitting circuit (2) modulates multimode oscillation light using an information signal, subjects at least one oscillation-mode light beam of the multimode oscillation light to a predetermined operation, and outputting the result to an optical transmission channel. An optical receiving circuit (8) receives an optical signal transmitted through the optical transmission channel, subjects the received optical signal to an operation reverse to the predetermined operation to recover an optical signal as it was before being subjected to the predetermined operation, and converting the recovered optical signal into an electrical signal, thereby reproducing the information signal.

Abstract: Provided is a method and an apparatus for transmitting/receiving a Broadcast Channel (BCH), by which a User Equipment (UE) can successfully receive system information of neighboring cells in a system supporting the scalability of a UE reception bandwidth and a system bandwidth. The method includes identifying a system bandwidth of a cell by comparing the system bandwidth with reception bandwidths of UEs within the cell, mapping two BCH information blocks including system information to a central band having a bandwidth equal to a transmission bandwidth of the BCH, additionally mapping at least one of the information blocks into each of one-half bands of the system bands, when the system bandwidth is two times an amount of the reception bandwidth, and transmitting a frequency domain signal, to which the information blocks are mapped, to the UEs located within the cell.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for transmitting labels in an optical packet network. Groups of K payload bits are encoded into blocks of N bits by using a code in which each of the groups of K payload bits is represented by a corresponding one of at least two distinct codewords of differing weights to form coded payload packet data, where K and N are integers and K<N. Composite packet data is produced by choosing among the at least two distinct codewords according to a value of chip data based, at least partly, on label data. An optical signal for transmission via the optical network is produced by applying the composite packet data to an optical transmitter.

Abstract: OCDMA systems provide for storage and retrieval of OCDMA data while maintaining OCDMA encoding. One system includes an optical splitter that receives an OCDMA data stream having a multiple wavelengths of light. A plurality of tunable light filters is optically interconnected with the optical splitter. A controller tunes the tunable light filters such that they switch wavelengths of the OCDMA data stream over time. A plurality of light detectors is respectively coupled to the tunable light filters to convert the filtered optical data streams from the tunable light filters to electronic data streams. Each generated electronic data stream is stored with a corresponding storage volume. Retrieval of the OCDMA data is performed by reversing the wavelength switching used to store the OCDMA data stream. The electronic data streams are thereby converted to optical data streams using tunable light generators and subsequently converted into the OCDMA data stream with an optical coupler.

Abstract: An optical pulse time spreading device includes S optical pulse time spreading elements that spread input optical pulses into trains of (N×j) chip pulses, where j is an integer greater than zero, S is an integer greater than one, and N is an integer equal to or greater than S. In the chip pulse trains output by the n-th optical pulse time spreading element (n=1, 2, . . . , S), the light in successive chip pulses is shifted in phase by successive integer multiples of the quantity 2?{a+(n?1)/N}, where a is an arbitrary constant (0?a<1). In an optical code-division multiplexing system, this optical pulse time spreading device produces an autocorrelation wave with a high energy and a high signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for encoding and decoding data are disclosed. The method for transmitting and receiving data allows for coding and decoding each bit of data with a different code. The transmitter and receiver devices allow encoding and decoding, respectively, each bit of data with different a code.

Abstract: Systems, networks, and methods of providing an Internet protocol routing network are disclosed. One Internet protocol routing network includes: a number of local subnet routers, where the routers are Internet protocol (IP) enabled; a single mode optical fiber cable, where the local subnet routers are coupled to the optical fiber cable; and one or more optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) encoder/decoder coupled to the optical fiber cable, where a number of channels associated with the local subnet routers are assigned an OCDMA signature code.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for providing synchronized data by using visible light communication includes, receiving a synchronization channel from a mobile communication base station using a specific mobile communication network, by a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting; analyzing the received synchronization channel, and extracting a synchronization signal for synchronizing the LED lighting with at least one LED lighting adjacent to the LED lighting; selecting a specific time slot of the synchronization signal based on IDentifications (IDs) of the LED lightings; and including a data frame of the LED lighting in the specific time slot, and transmitting the specific time slot, which includes the data frame of the LED lighting, to a mobile terminal.

Abstract: An optical transmitting circuit (2) modulates multimode oscillation light using an information signal, subjects at least one oscillation-mode light beam of the multimode oscillation light to a predetermined operation, and outputting the result to an optical transmission channel. An optical receiving circuit (8) receives an optical signal transmitted through the optical transmission channel, subjects the received optical signal to an operation reverse to the predetermined operation to recover an optical signal as it was before being subjected to the predetermined operation, and converting the recovered optical signal into an electrical signal, thereby reproducing the information signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods are presented herein to achieve data privacy in the optical realm such that electronic encryption bottlenecks are removed, potentially increasing data transmission speeds to the limit of fiber optic media. In this regard, privatizing an optical data transmission may include dynamically altering a temporal length of data bits in an optical data transmission or dynamically altering a temporal length of data frames in an optical data transmission. For example, in a two-dimensional OCDMA signal, the temporal length of data bits may be altered by changing the number of time chips on a per bit basis (e.g., using OCDMA signatures having different temporal lengths). In an optical data bit scrambling signal, the temporal length of data frames may be altered by changing the number of time slices on a per data frame basis.

Abstract: A method and system for averaging the effects of polarization distortions across a multitude of transmitted data streams in a dual polarization multiplexed optical communications system. Data streams are interleaved amongst each other in accordance with a predetermined pattern. The interleaved data streams are symbol mapped and modulated to provide a pair of optical signals. The pair of optical signals are orthogonally polarized, and multiplexed for transmission across an optical fiber. A receiver circuit receives the transmitted signal and extracts the interleaved data streams. The interleaved data streams are de-interleaved to generate the original data streams. While the data streams can be interleaved and transmitted via a single wavelength optical signal, the data streams can be interleaved and transmitted over two or more different wavelength optical signals to further mitigate the effects of polarization distortions.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for temporal subsampling of an OTDM optical signal at a predetermined subsampling frequency, comprising a generator (10) for generating clock pulses transmitted at the predetermined subsampling frequency and at a conversion wavelength ?H and a wavelength converter device (16) adapted to receive at its input the OTDM optical signal and the clock pulses in order to deliver at its output a subsampled OTDM optical signal at the conversion wavelength. The converter device comprises a linear optical amplifier (18) adapted to receive the OTDM optical signal and the clock pulses propagating in the opposite direction, the maximum linear power of the conversion being adjusted so that it can be less than the peak power of the OTDM optical signal, and a converter (20) of phase modulation into amplitude modulation.

Abstract: An optical access network system capable of transmitting and receiving high-speed signals and which allows the number of subscribers to be increased without increasing the number of wavelengths used is provided. An optical line terminal and an optical network unit are joined via an optical fiber transmitting line, a star coupler, and a plurality of branching optical fiber transmitting lines. The optical line terminal and optical network unit are constituted comprising an optical processing section and an electrical processing section. The optical processing section comprises a light-emitting element and a light-receiving element.

Abstract: A system and a method for quantum key distribution over a multi-user wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) network are disclosed. The system comprises a tunable or multi-wavelength transmitter; a plurality of receivers, each assigned a receiving-wavelength; and a multi-user WDM network linking the transmitter to the receivers. The transmitter can select a receiver among the receivers to be communicated therewith and transmit quantum signals to the selected receiver over the WDM network. The quantum signals are at a wavelength equal to a receiving-wavelength of the receiver. Therefore the WDM network allows quantum signals to be communicated between the transmitter and the receivers by wavelength routing.

Abstract: A vehicle position measurement system (100) and method to determine the (relative) position of a vehicle (110) and an object (120) are proposed. The system comprises at least two light sources (131, 132) capable of emitting light and positioned at a predetermined distance (140) to each other. Furthermore the system comprises at least one detector (150/151, 152) capable of measuring the light emitted. The light emitted by the light sources comprises synchronized light source identification codes. The detector is arranged to determine the position of the vehicle (110) and object (120) on the basis of a phase-difference measurement between the light originating from the individual light sources (131, 132) and a comparison phase. The vehicle (110) may comprise the at least two light sources (131, 132) and the detector (151, 152), while the phase-difference is measured between light reflected from the object (120) and the comparison phase.

Abstract: A system, for identifying faults in a GPON that includes an OLT and a plurality of ONUs, including: a global error-counter, coupled to the OLT, for counting FEC-correctable errors, for each ONU, from a data stream from the GPON; and a CPU for extracting an ONU status, indicative of a faulty ONU, contingent on the errors from the global error-counter. A system, for identifying faults in a GPON that includes an OLT and a plurality of ONUs, including: a grant-start error-counter, coupled to the OLT, for counting grant-start errors, for each ONU, from a data stream from the GPON; a grant-end error-counter, coupled to the OLT, for counting grant-end errors for each ONU; and a CPU for extracting an ONU status, indicative of a faulty ONU, contingent on a parameter selected from the group consisting of the grant-start errors, the grant-end errors, and a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a coherent gated receiver. The receiver includes a decoder operable to receive an optical signal and generate a decoded optical signal, the decoder comprises a demultiplexer operable to spatially distribute the optical signal, a phase mask operable to decode the spatially distributed optical signal, and a multiplexer operable to combine the decoded spatially distributed optical signal. The receiver also includes a laser source operable to provide a pulse signal, a combiner coupled to the laser source and the decoder operable to combine the decoded optical signal and the pulse signal, and a detector operable to detect an output from the combiner.

Abstract: An OCDMA system is disclosed that provides for storage and retrieval of OCDMA data while maintaining OCDMA encoding and signaling information. The system includes a wavelength demultiplexer that optically receives an OCDMA signal having a plurality of wavelengths of light. A plurality of light detectors is optically interconnected with the wavelength demultiplexer, with each of the light detectors being associated with a unique wavelength of light. Each of the light detectors respectively communicates with a plurality of storage volumes. For example, each storage volume is associated with a unique wavelength of light and is configured for storing optical data electronically converted from an optical data stream having a unique wavelength of light. Such a process may substantially eliminate the need for OCDMA conversion during electronic storage of the OCDMA data. Stored OCDMA data may be rapidly retrieved and configured as an OCDMA signal because OCDMA coding is maintained.

Abstract: Apparatus and system for transmitting and receiving optical code division multiple access data over an optical network. The apparatus comprises a spectral phase decoder for decoding the encoded optical signal to produce a decoded signal, a time gate for temporally extracting a user signal from the decoded signal, and a demodulator that is operable to extract user data from the user signal. The system preferably comprises a source for generating a sequence of optical pulses, each optical pulse comprising a plurality of spectral lines uniformly spaced in frequency so as to define a frequency bin, a data modulator associated with a subscriber and operable to modulate the sequence of pulses using subscriber data to produce a modulated data signals and a Hadamard encoder associated with the data modulator and operable to spectrally encode the modulated data signal to produce an encoded data signal.

Abstract: A communication system has lighting equipment that has transmitter comprising multiple light-emitting elements that each emit light of different wavelengths and terminal equipment that has light-receiver comprising multiple light-receiving elements that receive optical signals for each of the different wavelengths.

Abstract: Communication is provided between at least two of a plurality of stations. A signal is received from a first one of the plurality of stations, and the signal is coded using a first code that is assigned to that station. The coded signal is converted to obtain a further coded signal that is decodable using a further code that is assigned to at least a second one of the plurality of stations. The further coded signal is transmitted for delivery to at least the second one of the plurality of stations.