Abstract: An insert includes: a puncture needle main body which has an opening at a tip and is formed in a hollow shape and of which at least a tip portion is inserted into a subject; an optical fiber that is provided in a hollow portion of the puncture needle main body along a length direction of the puncture needle main body; and a photoacoustic wave generation unit that is provided at a light emission end of the optical fiber which is disposed on a tip side of the puncture needle main body, absorbs light emitted from the light emission end, and generates photoacoustic waves. A through-hole is formed in a wall portion forming the hollow portion and the photoacoustic wave generation unit is fixed to the through-hole.

Abstract: An optical transceiver may include an optical transmitter and an optical receiver. The optical transmitter and receiver may each include a grid including one or more lanes spaced apart. Each lane may correspond to a predetermined optical signal, or wavelength. The optical transmitter may include one or more sets of lasers to output one or more optical signals corresponding to the grid. Each set of laser may output a set of optical signals. Each set of lasers and, therefore, each set of optical signals may have a different passband. For example, the multiplexing and/or demultiplexing architecture may have a wide passband for the first set of optical signals and a narrow passband for the second set of optical signals. The narrow passband may be determined based on the space between two wider passbands.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for a dual-side bi-directional optical multiplexing system includes a light receiving elements array receiving light from in an egress propagation direction from an optical fiber, arranged at a side of the optical fiber. The system also includes a light transmitting elements array emitting light in an ingress propagation direction into the optical fiber, and arranged at a second position to an opposing side of the optical fiber. The light receiving elements array and the light transmitting elements array are on dual-sides of the system with respect to the optical fiber. The system also includes bi-directional micro-optics interfacing with the optical fiber, and interfacing with the light transmitting elements array to direct light propagating in the ingress direction emitted from the light transmitting element array towards the optical fiber.

Abstract: A modified MT fiber optic ferrule has optical fiber receiving holes by the front end to receive the ends of optical fibers inserted into and through the ferrule. The optical fiber receiving holes are aligned with optical fiber openings in the center of the ferrule and have lenses formed in the optical fiber receiving holes to collimate from or focus light into the optical fibers in the fiber optic ferrules. The front end of the fiber optic ferrule may also have integral mating surfaces.

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexing filter and methods of forming the same include an optical dielectric filter formed on a substrate and having a plurality of dielectric layers. The optical dielectric filter has a high reflectivity at a first wavelength and a high transmissivity at one or more additional wavelengths. The substrate has a high thermal tolerance, such that the substrate is not damaged by temperatures at which the plurality of dielectric layers are formed.

Abstract: A ferrule of the invention includes: a ferrule main body having a front edge and a rear edge; a fiber insertion hole into which an optical fiber is to be inserted; a recess provided at a top surface of the ferrule main body, having a reflection surface converting an optical path of a front end of the optical fiber into an optical path of a light emission-launch end provided at a lower surface side of the ferrule main body; a light emission-launch portion provided on the optical path of the light emission-launch end at a lower surface of the ferrule main body; a locating pin provided closer to the front edge than the light emission-launch portion at the lower surface of the ferrule main body; and a recessed portion provided between the locating pin at the lower surface of the ferrule main body and the light emission-launch portion.

Abstract: An optical demultiplexing device includes an optics body, a minor, optical filters, and opto-electronic detectors. The optics body has a fiber port configured to receive an end of an optical fiber, a reflective surface aligned with the fiber port, a substantially planar filter mounting surface, and a substantially planar mirror mounting surface. The filter mounting surface and the minor mounting surface are parallel to one another and formed on the same side of the optics body as each other. The minor is mounted on the minor mounting surface, and the filters are mounted on the filter mounting surface. Each filter is transparent to a different wavelength and is interposed in an optical path between one of the opto-electronic detectors and the reflector.

Abstract: A collimator for a laser assembly includes a first electrostatically controllable liquid lense having a first optical axis and a second electrostatically controllable liquid lense having a second optical axis aligned with the first optical axis. A laser is provided and has such a collimator. Finally, a transmitter uses the laser for optical data transmission.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) device includes a VLC receiver including a photodiode and a radio receiver. The UE device supports a plurality of alternative technologies, communications protocols, and/or frequencies. During a first mode of operation, e.g., a discovery mode, a low reverse bias voltage value is applied to the photodiode. The low reverse bias voltage is adequate to support the recovery of small amounts of communicated information, and the power consumed by the battery of the UE device is relatively low. During discovery, information communicated includes, e.g., a light transmitter ID, an access point ID, services available at the access point, configuration information for a light receiver and/or for an auxiliary radio receiver. During a second mode of operation, e.g., a data traffic mode, the reverse bias voltage applied to the photodiode is set to a high reverse bias voltage to support higher data rate using VLC.

Abstract: A modular interconnect includes an mn-by-mn fully connected, direct broadcast, point-to-point, all-to-all interconnect fabric, wherein the mn-by-mn fully connected, direct broadcast, point-to-point, all-to-all interconnect fabric is non-blocking and congestion free, and wherein m is an integer?2 and n is an integer?2. Operating the modular interconnect includes distributing each of mn inputs to each and every one of mn outputs.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods of enhancing channel bandwidth in an optical system having a number of wavelength selective switching (WSS) devices. The method includes the steps of passing the optical signals through the WSS devices by: (i) spatially dispersing the wavelength channels of the optical signals; (ii) projecting the spatially dispersed channels onto corresponding predetermined regions of an optical manipulation matrix including a plurality of individually addressable manipulating elements; (iii) determining a modification function that specifies a state for each manipulating element within the predetermined region; and (iv) driving the elements of the corresponding regions at states specified by the function to selectively modify the channel band shape such that the received channel's bandwidth is substantially enhanced, and to spatially direct the wavelength channels to predetermined output ports of the WSS devices.

Abstract: An optical transceiver may include an optical fiber coupling assembly for coupling optical fibers to transmitter and receiver sub-assemblies to increase the number of usable channel wavelengths by reducing an incident angle on a WDM filter without causing unwanted back reflection to a laser. In one example, the optical fiber coupling assembly may be used to increase the number of usable channel wavelengths between the L-band and the C-band. The optical transceiver may be used, for example, in an optical line terminal (OLT) and/or optical networking unit (ONU) in a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) passive optical network (PON) capable of transmitting and receiving optical signals on multiple channel wavelengths.

Abstract: A multicast optical switch includes a free-space optical assembly of discrete splitters, cylindrical optics, and a linear array of reflective switching devices, such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) mirrors, to provide low-loss, high-performance multicast switching in a compact configuration. The assembly of optical splitters may include multiple planar lightwave circuit splitters or a multi-reflection beam splitter that includes a linear array of partially reflecting mirrors, each of a different reflectivity.

Abstract: An M×N wavelength-selective switch (WSS) is provided. M input ports launch M input beams towards a wavelength-dispersing system, which disperses the M input beams into M×K sub-beams at K wavelength bands. A redirecting system redirects the M×K sub-beams towards a first 1×K switching array, which selects K sub-beams from the M×K sub-beams. The redirecting system blocks the (M?1)×K non-selected sub-beams, but re-images the K selected sub-beams onto a second 1×K switching array by means of at least one relaying element having optical power. The second 1×K switching array routes the K selected sub-beams to N output ports. The redirecting system redirects the K selected sub-beams towards the wavelength-dispersing system, which combines any selected sub-beams that are routed to a same output port. The N output ports then output the K selected sub-beams.

Abstract: A communication method of an optical communication system in which a plurality of ONUs are connected to an OLT, includes steps (a) allocating, by the OLT, a transmission bandwidth to an ONU capable of an operation in a sleep mode in which an optical transmitter is tentatively halted for a predetermined sleep period, and transmitting a transmission bandwidth notification to the ONU when the ONU is in the sleep mode and when the ONU is not in the sleep mode; (b) receiving, from the ONU to which the transmission bandwidth is allocated, a response signal when the ONU is not in the sleep mode, wherein the response signal is or is not received during the sleep mode; and (c) suppressing, by the OLT, an alarm in the sleep mode, the alarm being caused by a communication failure with the ONU on a basis of the response signal not being received.

Abstract: The present invention causes spatial-mode light emitted from an optical fiber (11), which is a multimode fiber, to pass through a photorefractive medium (13). The photorefractive medium (13) includes holograms for signal separation that are written by irradiation of the photorefractive medium with (i) guide light having a wave front identical to the wave front of signal light having a particular spatial mode and (ii) control light. The photorefractive medium includes holograms recorded in a multiplex manner with use of control light having different incidence angles in correspondence with respective spatial modes. For signal separation, irradiating the photorefractive medium (13) with control light (15) having a particular angle separates signal light having a spatial mode corresponding to the incidence angle of the control light (15).

Abstract: Provided is an external cavity laser using a multilayered thin film filter and an optical transmitter having the same. The external cavity laser may include a semiconductor laser diode to output an optical signal, a lens to cause the optical signal output from the semiconductor laser diode to converge, a multilayered thin film filter to receive the optical signal passed through the lens and to pass the optical signal in a bandpass wavelength range, and a partial reflector to transmit the optical signal transmitted through the multilayered thin film filter to an optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical communication module for optical wavelength division multiplexing includes a plurality of light devices emitting or receiving light beams having different wavelengths, a single optical fiber, and an optical elements arranged between the plurality of light devices and the single optical fiber and having a plurality of lens areas to converge a light beam starting from a single point at a plurality of points or light beams starting from a plurality of points at a single point. In the optical communication module, the plurality of lens areas are arranged such that the center points of the plurality of lens areas are located at the same distance from a point, and the single point and the plurality of points are located at the opposite sides with respect to the optical element.

Abstract: An optical fiber hub includes an upstream interface for inputting a laser beam, an optical booster amplifier, a splitting element, and N downstream interfaces. The optical booster amplifier is optically communicated with the upstream interface, and configured for amplifying the laser beam. The splitting element is optically communicated with the optical booster amplifier, and configured for splitting the amplified laser beam into N laser beams. The N downstream interfaces are optically communicated with the splitting element. Each of the N downstream interfaces is configured for outputting one of the N laser beams, wherein N is an integer which is equal to or greater than 2.

Abstract: A front end device includes: an optical filter configured to receive a WDM optical signal including a plurality of optical signals each having a superposing signal superposed thereon by frequency shift keying, with a transmittance being periodically changed with respect to a wavelength and a wavelength with which a peak of the transmittance appears being shifted according to an incident angle; an optical structure configured to guide the WDM optical signal to the optical filter so that the WDM optical signal enters the optical filter at a plurality of different angles; and an optical detector configured to convert an optical signal output from the optical filter to an electrical signal.

Abstract: An optical fiber hub includes an upstream port for receiving a light signal from a upstream host, a light splitting element, N downstream ports, and a light converging element. The light splitting element is configured for splitting the light signal into N light beams. The N downstream ports are optically communicated with the light splitting element, and each of the downstream ports is used for receiving a corresponding one of the light beams and transmitting the corresponding light beam to a corresponding downstream peripheral, and receiving a light signal from the corresponding downstream peripheral, wherein N is an integer which is equal to or greater than 2. The light converging element is used for converging light signals from the N downstream ports and transmitting the converged light signals to the upstream port.

Abstract: New designs of optical devices, particularly for dropping a selected wavelength or a group of wavelengths as well as demultiplexing a multiplexed signal into several signals, are disclosed. An optical device employs thin film filters with reflectors to reassemble as a fiber Bragg grating. Depending on implementation, a reflector may be a mirror or a coated substrate disposed in a unique way to reflect a light beam from a filter back to a common port of a device. The reflector may also be coated accordingly to bypass a certain portion of the light beam for other purposes. As a result, the optical devices so designed in accordance with the present invention are amenable to small footprint, enhanced impact performance, lower cost, and easier manufacturing process.

Abstract: An optical transceiver module includes a receiving unit, a transmission driving unit, and a terminal control unit. The receiving unit outputs a receiver lost signal. The transmission driving unit includes a positive receiving signal terminal and a negative receiving signal terminal. The terminal control unit is coupled between the positive receiving signal terminal and the negative receiving signal terminal. The terminal control unit controls whether a differential terminator impedance is coupled between the positive receiving signal terminal and the negative receiving signal terminal according to the receiver lost signal.

Abstract: A programmable encoder is provided that includes at least one optical input for receiving a modulated broadband optical signal and at least one optical output. A dispersion element receives the optical signal from the optical input and spatially separates the optical signal into a plurality of wavelength components. A collimating element is provided for collimating the plurality of wavelength components. An actuatable optical arrangement receives the collimated plurality of wavelength components from the collimating element. The actuatable optical arrangement includes a digital micromirror device (DMD) from which a programmably selected subset of wavelength components are reflected at least twice before being directed to a selected one of optical outputs to thereby encode the CDMA signal.

Abstract: An optical device for a wavelength division multiplexing system has a telecentric lens system and a signal-processing optical element, where the signal-processing optical element performs switching, attenuation, or other optical signal processing for the optical device. The telecentric lens system acts as a self-compensating optical system to minimize sensitivity of the optical device to unwanted displacement of an input image from the optical axis of the optical device. The optical device may include multiple telecentric lens systems, in which case the optical device is also less sensitive to precise alignment between the telecentric lens systems.

Abstract: There is provided a filter assembly for combining a wavelength multiplexed optical signal by multiplexing optical signals of different wavelength emitted from respective optical devices, and/or for dividing a wavelength multiplexed optical signal into optical signals of different wavelength and causing the optical signals of different wavelength to enter respective optical devices. This filter assembly comprises: a light transmitting member within which each optical signal propagates; plural optical filters disposed on an upper face of the light transmitting member at a predetermined spacing wherein each optical signal passes through the optical filters; upper reflective layers respectively provided between adjacent ones of the optical filters; and a lower reflective layer provided on a lower face of the light transmitting member, and wherein the wavelength multiplexed optical signal propagates along the same optical path within the light transmitting member.

Abstract: An Agile-Beam Laser Array Transmitter (ABLAT) uses an array of emitters and an array of lenses to project electromagnetic beams over a wide angular coverage area in the far field. Differences in the separation pitches of the two arrays allows the ABLAT to project beams to contiguous and/or overlapping positions, depending on the ratio of the separation pitches and the lens focal length. Compared to other beam steering technology, the ABLAT is a smaller, lighter, and more efficient means of projecting beams over wider angular coverage areas. Various embodiments can be used in any beam steering application, including, but not limited to: free-space optical communications; light detection and ranging (lidar); optical scanning (e.g.

Abstract: An optical interconnect has a plurality of optical sources, a first lens configured to collimate optical beams from the plurality of optical sources, a second lens configured to refocus the optical beams, and a plurality of optical receivers configured to receive the refocused optical beams from the second lens.

Abstract: An optical waveguide-type wavelength domain switch includes a waveguide-type multi/demultiplexing device laminate comprising three or more laminated waveguide-type multi/demultiplexing devices, a lens system positioned on a demultiplex side of the waveguide-type multi/demultiplexing device laminate, and a reflective optical phase-modulating cell positioned on an opposite side of the waveguide-type multi/demultiplexing device laminate to the lens system.

Abstract: In an optical switch, fibers in a fiber array are arranged in a row. When a region where lights input into or output from the fibers in the fiber array intersect is taken as an intersecting position C, and an axis parallel to the fibers in the fiber array and passing through the intersecting position C is taken as a Z axis, then a distance ? between a core of a desired fiber among the fibers and an optical axis of a corresponding one of the lenses varies depending on a distance S of the desired fiber from the Z axis.

Abstract: A wavelength selective switch utilizing aperture-shared optics and functionally distinct planes of operation that enables high fiber port counts, such as 1×41, and multiplicative expansion, such as to 1×83 or 1×145, by utilizing elements optimized for performance in one of the functionally distinct planes of operation without affecting the other plane.

Abstract: A bi-directional optical module with an improved optical crosstalk between the transmitter unit and the receiver unit is disclosed. The optical module provides the LD, the PD, the WDM filter secured with the block, and the package with the co-axial shape. The block provides a slant surface, where the WDM filter is secured thereon, the bottom surface facing the PD mounted on the package, and an aperture connecting the slant surface and the bottom surface. The PD is enclosed within a space formed by the bottom surface and the primary surface, which electrically and optically isolates the PD from the LD.

Abstract: A tunable filter is provided.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for a silicon substrate optical system for use in an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (IFOG). A silicon substrate of the silicon substrate optical system is etched to receive optical components, including an input optical fiber, a pump source, a wavelength division multiplier, an isolator, a polarizing isolator, a beam splitting device, a PM tap coupler, a relative intensity noise (RIN) photodiode, a system photodiode, and an output optical fiber. The optical components are mounted on a silicon substrate to reduce the size and cost of the IFOG and increase reliability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wavelength switch including two switching stages. A single actuation array of reflecting elements of a first switching stage routes sub-beams at different wavelength bands to a plurality of actuation arrays of reflecting elements of a second switching stage. Each second-stage actuation array routes sub-beams to a group of output ports associated with that second-stage actuation array. Advantageously, the sub-beams are redirected from the first switching stage to the second switching stage by a reflecting relay assembly, without being combined or coupled into fibers.

Abstract: To provide an optical transceiver module comprising an optical prism for optical communications which has mounting portions, a light emitting portion, light receiving portions, a substrate and a sub-mount that are used as the basis of the optical transceiver module, whose configuration is compact with reduced components which are accurately mounted. A sub-mount is provided on the substrate. The composite optical prism is formed with an optical lens provided with mounting supports and a wavelength division film in an integrated fashion. By using marks on the sub-mount for alignment, the composite optical prism can be mounted accurately on the sub-mount. In addition, the light receiving portions and the light emitting portion can be mounted accurately by using marks for alignment provided on the substrate and the sub-mount.

Abstract: Technologies relating to wavelength division multiplexing are provided. In one implementation, a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) coupler is provided. The WDM coupler includes an input block including a first tube, the first tube holding an input dual fiber pigtailed capillary, the capillary holding an input fiber and a reflection fiber, a center block including a center tube holding a first inner tube and a second inner tube, the first inner tube holding a first lens within the first inner tube and the second inner tube holding a second lens within the second inner tube, the center block further including a WDM filter positioned between the first lens and the second lens and secured to the end surface of the first inner tube, and an output block including a second tube holding an output single fiber pigtailed capillary, the capillary holding a transmission fiber.

Abstract: Systems and methods for encoding information in the topology of superpositions of helical modes of light, and retrieving information from each of the superposed modes individually or in parallel. These methods can be applied to beams of light that already carry information through other channels, such as amplitude modulation or wavelength dispersive multiplexing, enabling such beams to be multiplexed and subsequently demultiplexed. The systems and methods of the present invention increase the number of data channels carried by a factor of the number of superposed helical modes.

Abstract: An optical communication module for optical wavelength division multiplexing includes a plurality of light devices emitting or receiving light beams having different wavelengths, a single optical fiber, and an optical elements arranged between the plurality of light devices and the single optical fiber and having a plurality of lens areas to converge a light beam starting from a single point at a plurality of points or light beams starting from a plurality of points at a single point. In the optical communication module, the plurality of lens areas are arranged such that the center points of the plurality of lens areas are located at the same distance from a point, and the single point and the plurality of points are located at the opposite sides with respect to the optical element.

Abstract: Spectrally filtering at least one input beam includes: dispersing spectral components of at least one input beam at respective angles in a spectral plane; changing at least some of the angles of the propagation axes of the dispersed spectral components so that a plurality of the spectral components reflect from a single reflective surface; and tilting the reflective surface to select at least one and fewer than all of the received spectral components to be directed to an output spatial mode.

Abstract: A wavelength-selective switch with a switch unit having a lens array, a first lens and a beam expander, and a branching unit having a second lens, a diffraction grating, a third lens and a mirror, in which the switch unit and the branching unit are accommodated in independent casings, and a confocal point of the light transmitted through the first lens and the light transmitted through the second lens are arranged on a connecting surface of the casing of the switch unit and the casing of the branching unit.

Abstract: A micro-optic dual beam-splitter assembly comprises at least two beam-splitter optical filters and at least one photoreceptor. Each of the beam-splitter optical filters comprises an optical substrate having at least a coated or uncoated optical tap surface and a filter surface carrying a thin-film optical filter. The thin-film optical filters are substantially normal to the optical path from an optical signal source. Each of the optical tap surfaces is operative as an optical beam splitter to tap off an optical tap signal. The one or more photoreceptors are arranged to receive both or at least one of the optical tap signals. The tap signals comprise a portion of the optical signals passed along the optical path to the optical filter chips. The filter chips are cooperatively transmissive to an optical signal output port of a selected set of wavelengths received from the optical signal source along the optical path, and are reflective of other wavelengths.

Abstract: The multi-unit wavelength switch enables multiple independent wavelength switching of a plurality of incoming multiplexed optical beams simultaneously on the same optical platform. The different units can have similar functionality or provide disparate functionality, e.g. any one or more of switching, dynamic gain equalization, wavelength blocking, and power monitoring.

Abstract: An optical wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer device is described that comprises a substrate having a plurality of wavelength selecting filters. The filters are arranged to provide conversion between a combined beam comprising a plurality of wavelength channels and a plurality of separate beams each comprising a subset of said plurality of wavelength channels. Hollow core waveguides are formed in said substrate to guide light between the wavelength selecting filters. An add/drop multiplexer is also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for multiplexing a plurality of light waves with different wavelengths. The apparatus includes a laser sub-assembly, a multiplexer sub-assembly, and a receptacle sub-assembly. The laser sub-assembly includes a plurality of lasers for radiating a plurality of light waves of different wavelengths. The plurality of light waves are multiplexed in the multiplexer sub-assembly. The multiplexed light waves are coupled to an optical fiber by the receptacle sub-assembly.

Abstract: This invention provides a system that combines a wavelength multiplexer with an FM discriminator for chirp reduction and wavelength locker in a filter to produce a wavelength division multiplexed signal with reduced chirp. A partially frequency modulation laser signal is converted into a substantially amplitude modulation laser signal. This conversion increases the extinction ratio of the input signal and further reduces the chirp. A wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) method is used for transmitting high capacity information through fiber optics systems where digital information is carried on separate wavelengths through the same fiber. Separate transmitters normally generate their respective signals that are transmitted at different wavelengths. These signals are then combined using a wavelength multiplexer to transmit the high capacity information through the fiber optic system.

Abstract: An optical transmitter for coupling and wavelength-multiplexing optical signals with a different wavelength has 3 or more light sources for emitting parallel optical signals with a different wavelength, and 2 kinds of optical components with a different optical signal reflectance arranged in an optical path of each light source for coupling into one the optical signals emitted from the light sources respectively. The reflectance or transmittance of each of the 2 kinds of optical components is set so that each optical signal has the same optical signal power when reflected off or transmitted through the optical components for being coupled together and output from the optical transmitter.

Abstract: In order to prevent a spectrum of a wavelength channel from becoming narrower, a device according to the present invention includes a light dividing section capable of dividing a wavelength spectrum in an input light beam and outputting a plurality of divided light beams, which are spatially separated and have wavelength spectrum portions different from each other, and a wavelength-to-special-position-converter capable of spatially multiplexing the wavelength spectrum portions of the plurality of divided light beams from the light dividing section.

Abstract: An optical channel monitor is provided that sequentially or selectively filters an optical channel(s) 11 of light from a (WDM) optical input signal 12 and senses predetermined parameters of the each filtered optical signal (e.g., channel power, channel presence, signal-noise-ratio). The OCM 10 is a free-space optical device that includes a collimator assembly 15, a diffraction grating 20 and a mirror 22. A launch pigtail emits into free space the input signal through the collimator assembly 15 and onto the diffraction grating 20, which separates spatially each of the optical channels 11 of the collimated light, and reflects the separated channels of light onto the mirror 22. A ?/4 plate 26 is disposed between the mirror 22 and the diffraction grating 20. The mirror reflects the separated light back through the ?/4 plate 26 to the diffraction grating 20, which reflects the channels of light back through the collimating lens 18.

Abstract: A multiplexing optical system includes collimator lenses, a first condensing lens, a second condensing lens and an optical fiber. The collimator lenses collimate divergent laser beams that have been emitted from semiconductor lasers. The first condensing lens condenses laser beams transmitted through the collimator lenses in only one of a plane including the stripe width direction of the semiconductor lasers and a plane including a direction perpendicular to the stripe width direction. The second condensing lens condenses laser beams transmitted through the first condensing lens. The optical fiber is arranged in such a manner that the condensed laser beams enter the optical fiber. In the multiplexing optical system, an anamorphic lens is used as the second condensing lens, and the anamorphic lens condenses the laser beams in the two planes in cooperation with the first condensing lens.