Abstract: A light projecting device includes a base board, a light guiding member, a holding member, a cover, and a positioning member. A plurality of light-emitting elements are arranged in a line on the base board in a main scan direction. The light guiding member faces a radiation surface of the light-emitting elements and guides light projected from the light-emitting elements to an irradiation region of an illuminated object. The holding member holds the base board. The cover covers the base board and the light guiding member. The positioning member positions the light guiding member on the holding member. The holding member and the cover sandwich the light guiding member positioned by the positioning member. The light projecting device includes the holding member, the light guiding member, the base board, and the cover as a single unit which is detachably mountable relative to a chassis of the light projecting device.

Abstract: A method for determining a location on an image bearing surface of an image printing system where a toner image is to be printed is provided. The method comprises generating a first signal from a detector that is configured to detect a reference mark on the image bearing surface, and a second signal from a clock system that counts incremental movements of the image bearing surface, determining a first value that correlates the first signal and the second signal, where the first value corresponds to a value of the second signal at a start of characterization of the image bearing surface, and determining a second value using the first value, where the second value provides the location on the image bearing surface where the toner image is to be printed.

Abstract: Multiple images are combined where the images exhibit variations in illumination between one another. The images are of the same portion of an object, and each image is represented by a set of image data. A comparative data transform is applied to each set of image data, such that the transformed comparative image data isolates and preserves first variations in the illumination between the images but suppresses second differences in illumination between the images. At least one normalization transform is determined from the transformed comparative image data sets. When applied to at least one of the image data sets, the at least one normalization transform minimizes the variation in illumination between the image data sets. Each determined normalization transform is applied to the at least one of the image data sets. The normalized sets of image data are transformed to a single image of the portion of the object.

Abstract: In an optical scanning apparatus, the shape of a sub-scanning section of a transmissive imaging optical element on which a light beam subjected to scanning and deflected by a deflecting surface of an optical deflector is incident twice, the tilt angle of a reflective optical element disposed in an optical path between the optical deflector and a surface to be scanned, and the relationship between the transmissive imaging optical element and the reflective optical element are provided.

Abstract: An optical scanning device 65 is adapted to bring a deflector mirror plane 651 into independent pivotal motions about a first axis and a second axis perpendicular to each other. A mirror driver section including a first axis driver and a second axis driver is so controlled as to bring the deflector mirror plane 651 into pivotal motion about the first axis thereby deflecting a light beam L for scanning along a main scan direction. On the other hand, the deflector mirror plane 651 is pivotally moved about the second axis thereby to adjust the scanned beam L for its position on a photosensitive member 2 with respect to a subscan direction. Thus, even if the scanned beam is deviated from a reference scan position with respect to the subscan direction due to component tolerances or assembly errors, such a deviation can be corrected.

Abstract: Provided is an optical scanning apparatus has a plurality of light emitting portions and an incident optical system including optical element, wherein each shape of optical surfaces in a main scanning section of optical elements is formed into a noncircular shape. When defining that W is a space between specific light emitting portions farthest from an optical axis in the main scanning direction, La is an optical path length between an aperture stop and a specific optical surface closest to the light source unit among the noncircular optical surfaces of the incident optical system, f1 is a focal length of the incident optical system in the main scanning direction, and D is a light flux width in the main scanning direction of a light flux emitted from the specific light emitting portion in the main scanning direction on specific the optical surface, the equation 2D?|W·La/2f1|?D/8 is satisfied.

Abstract: A light emitting device that forms a latent image by irradiating light onto a charged surface of an image carrier. The light emitting device includes an electro-optical substrate that forms an optical image, a focusing lens array that focuses light from the electro-optical substrate to form an erect image of the corresponding optical image on the charged surface, and a frame in which the focusing lens array is fixed. A position determining member, which is formed of resin, is disposed on the frame, comes in contact with a supporting body that supports the image carrier, and determines a distance between the focusing lens array and the image carrier by its own height.

Abstract: A light projecting device includes a base board, a light guiding member, a holding member, a cover, and a positioning member. A plurality of light-emitting elements are arranged in a line on the base board in a main scan direction. The light guiding member faces a radiation surface of the light-emitting elements and guides light projected from the light-emitting elements to an irradiation region of an illuminated object. The holding member holds the base board. The cover covers the base board and the light guiding member. The positioning member positions the light guiding member on the holding member. The holding member and the cover sandwich the light guiding member positioned by the positioning member. The light projecting device includes the holding member, the light guiding member, the base board, and the cover as a single unit which is detachably mountable relative to a chassis of the light projecting device.

Abstract: An optical scanning device 65 is adapted to bring a deflector mirror plane 651 into independent pivotal motions about a first axis and a second axis perpendicular to each other. A mirror driver section including a first axis driver and a second axis driver is so controlled as to bring the deflector mirror plane 651 into pivotal motion about the first axis thereby deflecting a light beam L for scanning along a main scan direction. On the other hand, the deflector mirror plane 651 is pivotally moved about the second axis thereby to adjust the scanned beam L for its position on a photosensitive member 2 with respect to a subscan direction. Thus, even if the scanned beam is deviated from a reference scan position with respect to the subscan direction due to component tolerances or assembly errors, such a deviation can be corrected.

Abstract: An image forming method is disclosed, the method includes forming a latent image by irradiating an organic photoreceptor by a semiconductor laser or a light emission diode emitting light of a wavelength of from 350 to 500 nm, and developing the latent image by a developer containing a toner to form a toner image, the organic photoreceptor having a surface layer comprising a binder and fluororesin fine particles having an average primary particle diameter of not less than 0.02 ?m and less than 0.20 ?m.

Abstract: A line sensor that detects the edge position of a recording paper is provided on the upstream side of a transfer point where an image formed on a first photosensitive drum is transferred to the recording paper. When performing borderless image formation, the size of the image on the first photosensitive drum to be transferred to the midstream of the recording paper after detection of its edge position is changed to a smaller size based on the detection results by the line sensor, and subsequent image formation to the recording paper continues to be performed according to this image on the photosensitive drum whose size has been changed.

Abstract: A method and system for scanning comprises rotating a scanning chassis of an optical scanner to create an acute angle between the scan line and a scanning direction, such that the scanning chassis has two ends, and moving the scanning chassis in the scanning direction and with the acute angle between the scan line and the scanning direction, both two ends of the scanning chassis being moved in the scanning direction, while one of the two ends is moved more slowly than the other one so that the scanning chassis is made to be rotated with the acute angle.

Abstract: The CPU of the image forming apparatus sets up an ADF reading magnification in the ADF driving unit including the motor and the motor driver referring to the first magnification conversion table in the memory of the system unit when reading a document image while a document is being moved. Further, the reading magnification that is also in the ADF driving unit is also set in the specific document detection unit. The specific document detection unit makes the pattern matching as to whether the read image data is that of a specific document using the magnification dictionary (specific image data) that is set and outputs a detection signal as the result of the matching to the CPU. As that time, the CPU controls the output of the applicable read image data by a printer according to the detection signal.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a photoreceptor having an image carrying surface, first and second exposing devices to expose the image carrying surface to form first and second latent images, and first and second developing devices to develop the first and second latent images to form first and second toner images on the image carrying surface. The first exposing device has a light source which emits a light beam, a deflector which deflects the light beam on the image carrying surface to form a scanning line, a first optical system to focus the light beam, and a first adjustor which adjusts an alignment between the first optical system and the image carrying surface for correcting variation of lateral magnification in the primary scanning direction of the optical system so that the first toner image and the second toner image are superposed on a recording sheet.

Abstract: A lithography system and method for calculating an optimal discrete time trajectory for a movable device is described. A trajectory planner of the lithography system calculates an optimal discrete time trajectory subject to maximum velocity and maximum acceleration constraints. The trajectory planner begins by calculating a continuous time, three-segment trajectory for a reticle stage, a wafer stage or a framing blade, including a first phase for acceleration at the maximum acceleration to the maximum velocity, a second phase for travel at the maximum velocity and a third phase for deceleration at the negative maximum acceleration to a final velocity. Next, the trajectory planner converts said continuous time, three-segment trajectory to a discrete time trajectory. The time of execution of the resulting trajectory is at most three quanta greater than the time of execution of the continuous time trajectory. One advantage of the system is the reduction of scanning times of a lithography system.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has a photoreceptor having a image carrying surface, an exposing device to imagewise expose the image carrying surface to form a latent image, and a developing device to develop the latent image to form a toner image on the image carrying surface. The exposing device has a light source which emits a light beam, a deflector which deflects the light beam to form a scanning line with the light beam on the image carrying surface, a cylindrical lens between the deflector and the image carrying surface which focuses the light beam on the image carrying surface, and an adjusting mechanism which adjusts an inclination of the scanning line and adjusts variance in magnification of an image on the scanning line.

Abstract: Disclosed are a gain cell structure capable of making a memory cell compact in size and a method of manufacturing the same at low cost. A memory cell is constituted of a reading MIS transistor and a writing MIS transistor. The reading MIS transistor has a pair of n+ type semiconductor regions (source region and drain region) formed on a main surface of a semiconductor substrate and a first gate electrode formed on a path of the n+ type semiconductor regions 13 via a first gate insulating film. The writing MIS transistor is arranged on the reading MIS transistor and has a layered structure made by laminating a lower semiconductor layer (source region), an intermediate semiconductor layer (channel forming region), and an upper semiconductor layer (drain region) in this order. The writing MIS transistor has a vertical structure in which a second gate electrode is arranged on both sidewalls of the layered structure via a second gate insulating film.

Abstract: A Reflective and Penetrative Scanning Apparatus has a body, a first ambulatory reflection module, a second ambulatory reflection module, a lens assembly, an image shooting unit and an adjustment means. The body incorporates a Reflective Script Platform and a Penetrative Script Platform. The First Ambulatory Reflection Module is equipped with two Light Sources and two lenses with which to produce two different Light Paths such that once the switching goes to the First Light Path, a light that is emitted from the Light Source will travel by way of the Reflective Script Platform to the Lens Assembly and the Image Shooting Unit, to execute Reflective Scanning operation and when the switching goes to the second Light Path, another light that is emitted from the Light Source will travel by way of the Penetrative Script Platform to the Lens Assembly and the Image Shooting Unit, to execute Penetrative Scanning Operation.

Abstract: In a normal print mode in which the image of an original document D is printed on a copying paper with the image of the original document not reversed, the direction of sub-scanning executed by the read means is set to a normal direction (regular direction X). In a mirror image print mode in which the image of an original document D set on a document table 2 is printed on a copying paper with the image of the original document reversed, the direction of the sub-scanning executed by the read means is switched to a direction (reverse direction X′) opposite to the normal direction.

Abstract: An image scanning device with a rotatable reflection mirror arranged in an optical scanning module thereof for establishing either a reflective or transparent scanning optical path is disclosed. The optical scanning module includes a first focusing lens, a second focusing lens, an image sensing module, a plurality of fixed reflective optical path mirrors, a plurality of fixed transparent optical path mirrors, and a rotatable reflection mirror. At scanning a reflective document, the rotatable reflection mirror is rotated to a first reflection position. A light beam from a first light source projects to the reflective document. The image of the reflective document is reflected by the rotatable reflection mirror and the fixed reflective optical path mirrors, and then received by the image sensing module through the first focusing lens. At scanning a transparent document, the rotatable reflection mirror is rotated to a second reflection position.

Abstract: An optical length adjusting device provides different optical length for different lenses in a multi-resolution scanner. The optical length adjusting device includes a focus module for focusing the optical image on an image sensor, a first light reflecting device for directing the light from an object to the focus module, a first carrier for fixing the first light reflecting device, a second carrier for fixing the focus module, and a driving module for moving the first and/or second carriers to change the distance between them. Since the distance between the focus module and the first light reflecting module can be adjusted, the light from the object can be guided to the focus module via the same optical path for different resolution.

Abstract: A lens is moved by a lens moving member in the direction of its optical axis, and a mirror group is moved by a mirror moving member in the direction of the optical axis of the lens. The moving ranges of the lens moving member and the mirror moving member overlap, and the mirror moving member and the lens moving member are moved at different rates or times such that the mirror moving member and lens moving member do not interfere. A flexible light shielding member on the lens moving member blocks non-image forming light from reaching the mirror group, but bends within a housing holding the moving members to allow the lens moving member to move in its full moving range. A pivotable light shielding member in the moving range of the lens moving member blocks non-image-forming light from reaching the mirror group, but pivots when the lens moving member is moved in contact with it, allowing the lens moving member to move in its full moving range.

Abstract: A device (10) for changing the focus and field of view of an optical device having an optical element (19, 21) which is movable grossly to change field of view and movable incrementally to change focus of the device (10) with either field of view includes an operator actuatable control system for varying incrementally the axial position of this optical element within each of the regions to focus the optical device in each field of view mode. The device (10) includes a control knob (31), a threaded shaft (33) coupled to the control knob (31), a pair of stop members (37, 39) engaging threadedly the threaded shaft, and a linkage (45, 53, 49, 63, 59, 55, 67, 69) for converting axial motion of a stop member along the threaded shaft to incremental movement of the movable optical element along the primary optical axis (29).

Abstract: The present invention relates to image forming apparatuses such as copying machines, facsimile devices, and complexes thereof. When the image is produced as rotated by 90 degrees or 270 degrees by the rotary processing part 307 while the scanning speed of the original document is finely adjusted so as to be lowered, the control of the magnification is carried out so that the produced image will be contracted in the main direction and enlarged in the sub direction by an mount corresponding to the amount of adjustment made on the operating panel. On the other hand, when the scanning speed of the original document is adjusted to a higher level, the control of the magnification is carried out so that the output image may be enlarged in the main direction and contracted in the sub direction by an amount corresponding to the amount of adjustment to be made on the operating panel.