Abstract: A developer carrying member is provided which can maintain a high image quality over a long period of time even where a highly triboelectrically chargeable developer is used. The developer carrying member has a substrate and a surface layer. The surface layer is a cured product of a resin composition containing a binder resin, conductive particles, a quaternary phosphonium salt and an azo metal complex compound, the binder resin has in the molecular structure at least one structure selected from the group consisting of an —NH2 group, an ?NH group and an —NH— linkage, and the azo metal complex compound is a compound represented by the formula (1) as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A development device includes a developer bearer to carry by rotation developer to a development range facing a latent image bearer and a developer regulator to adjust an amount of developer transported to the development range by the developer bearer. The developer bearer includes a developer carrying range having surface unevenness; and a surface of the developer bearer is coated with a coating material including a resin material and particles to roughen the surface.

Abstract: A development device includes a developer carrier configured to supply developer on a latent image formed on a latent image carrier to visualize the latent image. Wherein the developer carrier includes: an elastic layer formed on an outer circumferential surface of a conductive support body, the elastic layer including urethane rubber; and a top layer formed by treating a surface of the elastic layer with treatment solution that includes urethane polymer, silicone-based additive and conductive agent. The top layer includes convex parts that include the urethane rubber and concave parts in which the silicone-based additive and the conductive agent are laminated.

Abstract: A development device includes a developer bearer to carry by rotation developer to a development range facing a latent image bearer, and a developer regulator to contact the developer bearer and adjust an amount of developer transported to the development range by the developer bearer. Multiple projections are formed in a surface of the developer bearer. The developer regulator has an end face, an opposed face facing the developer bearer, and an edge face connecting the opposed face to the end face, and the edge face of the developer regulator contacts the developer bearer.

Abstract: A development device includes a developer bearer to carry by rotation developer to a development range facing a latent image bearer, and a developer regulator to adjust an amount of developer transported to the development range by the developer bearer. Multiple projections are formed in a surface of the developer bearer, and the developer bearer rotates in a reverse direction to a direction of rotation for image development while image development is not performed. The developer regulator includes a blade having a first end held by a regulator holder and a second end that contacts the multiple projections formed in the surface of the developer bearer and is disposed in a direction counter to the direction of rotation of the developer bearer for image development.

Abstract: A toner supply roller of an electrophotographic imaging apparatus and a method of preparing the toner supply roller are provided. The toner supply roller includes a polyurethane foam, and a metal shaft inserted in the polyurethane foam along an axis thereof, wherein the polyurethane foam includes an ion-conductive agent and a binder, and the binder includes a resin having an amide bond. Accordingly, the toner supply roller including polyurethane foam provides an improved toner supply and prevents image defects.

Abstract: A developing device including: a toner bearing member configured to bear a toner on a surface of the toner bearing member and configured such that the surface thereof is rotated to supply the toner to and develop a latent electrostatic image on a surface of a latent electrostatic image bearing member in a developing region which faces the latent electrostatic image bearing member; and a regulating member configured to regulate an amount of the toner to be moved towards the developing region, wherein the surface of the toner bearing member has regularly arranged convex portions, and wherein a non-electrostatic adhesive force between the toner and the surface of the toner bearing member is less than 9.0 nN.

Abstract: The present invention can provide a developing roller which can form a stable image in wide ranging environments from a low temperature/low humidity environment to a high temperature/high humidity environment. The developing roller includes a surface layer including a silicon oxide film containing at least a carbon atom chemically bonded to a silicon atom, an oxygen atom chemically bonded to a silicon atom, and a fluorine atom chemically bonded to a silicon atom and/or a carbon atom. The silicon oxide film has an abundance ratio of the fluorine atom to the silicon atom (F/Si), an abundance ratio of the oxygen atom forming a chemical bond to the silicon atom to the silicon atom (O/Si), and an abundance ratio of the carbon atom forming a chemical bond to the silicon atom to the silicon atom (C/Si) have values in particular ranges, respectively.

Abstract: Provided is an electrostatic charge image developing toner, each toner particle including a core portion, a first shell layer, and a second shell layer, wherein the core portion contains a first polyester resin, a colorant, and a release agent, the first shell layer contains a second polyester resin and covers the core portion, the second shell layer contains a polymer of an aromatic vinyl monomer and a third polyester resin having an ethylenic unsaturated double bond that is polymerizable with the aromatic vinyl monomer, and covers the first shell layer, and a total amount of the first shell layer and the second shell layer is within a range of from 16% by weight to 40% by weight of the toner particle.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, a control circuit rotationally drives a development roller at a predetermined rotation speed during a development process, in which the development roller has depression portions and land portions on a circumferential surface. The depression portions and the land portions are oblique grooves in the surface. While the development roller is rotationally driven, the control circuit controls the predetermined rotation speed such that a crossing angle approximates 90°. The crossing angle is formed by a screen line in the electrostatic latent image on the circumferential surface of the latent image support and an area where the land portion of the development roller substantially passes over the circumferential surface of the latent image support.

Abstract: A development roll for electrophotographic equipment includes a shaft body and a rubber elastic layer disposed on the outer circumference of the shaft body. The rubber elastic layer is composed of a crosslinked body of a composition containing a liquid or millable silicone rubber, a crosslinking agent, an electronically conductive agent, and an ionic liquid. The composition contains the ionic liquid in the amount in the range of 0.1 to 5.1 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the liquid or millable silicone rubber and the crosslinking agent.

Abstract: The invention provides a toner supply and cleaning roller that secures sufficient density especially at an initial stage of printing, and an image forming apparatus using the same. The toner supply and cleaning roller has a shaft (1) and an electroconductive elastic layer (3) made of a urethane foam and supported on the circumference of the shaft (1) by means of an adhesive layer (2) in between. The resistance of the roller at an applied voltage of 100 V is 105? or lower, preferably 104.5? or lower, and the resistance of the roller at an applied voltage of 5 V is 106 to 108?. The adhesive layer (2) contains a hot-melting polymeric adhesive and is formed preferably at a temperature not exceeding the melting point of the hot-melting polymeric adhesive.

Abstract: An endless electrophotographic member, such as a developer roller, which indicates an improved resistance to nip banding. The improvement to nip banding may be provided by the use of an organic salt within a roller surface region. The roller may provide, at a nip location, a resistive surface layer having an electrical resistance that avoids the development of nip banding and relatively dark regions on printed media.

Abstract: A conductive coating is described, suitable for coating a developer, charge or transfer roller in a developing apparatus to give a charge providing layer. The coating comprises a conductive polymer in a matrix. A roller is also described, suitable for a developing apparatus comprising, from the center to the periphery, a conductive mandrel, a conductive elastic base layer and a charge providing layer.

Abstract: A developing roller is provided, which is particularly used in an image forming apparatus of a highly durable design and is free from toner leakage even after formation of a predetermined number of images. Opposite end regions (5a) of an outer peripheral surface (5) of a roller body (2) of the developing roller (1) to be respectively kept in sliding contact with seal members each have a friction coefficient ? of not greater than 0.15.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a developing roller, including: a first rolling process for forming a first inclined groove which is continuous in a helical shape, by rotating a first die having blades inclined with respect to an axial direction and a circumferential direction, and a non-bladed die, and feeding an unprocessed developing roller between the first die and the non-bladed die; and a second rolling process for forming a second inclined groove which is continuous in a helical shape and intersects with the first inclined groove, by rotating a second die having blades inclined with respect to an axial direction and a circumferential direction in the direction opposite to that of the first die, and the non-bladed die in the same direction opposite to that in the first rolling process, and feeding the developing roller between the second die and the non-bladed die.

Abstract: A developing device includes a developer supporting member having an elastic layer and a surface layer covering the elastic layer for supporting developer; and a developer layer regulating member arranged to abut against the surface layer for regulating a layer thickness of the developer on the surface layer. The surface layer contains at least carbon black. The developer supporting member is configured so that the following equation (1) is satisfied when the surface layer has a dynamic friction coefficient ? between 0.4 and 0.9 (0.4???0.9) and a ten-point average roughness Rz (?m) between 2 ?m and 6 ?m (2?Rz?6): 2?C?0.5×Rz+3 ??(1) where C is a content of the carbon black (weight parts relative to the surface layer of 100).

Abstract: The disclosure provides a developing roller for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, and a method of manufacturing the same. The developing roller includes a shaft member and a resilient member provided on the shaft member. The resilient member includes a conductive resilient layer in contact with the shaft member and a conductive resin layer defining the outer surface of the resilient member. The conductive resin layer includes a resin and a surface-treated metal oxide. The developing roller is capable of an increased amount of toner charging while stably maintaining optical density.

Abstract: A development device includes a developer bearer to carry by rotation developer to a development range facing a latent image bearer, a planar developer regulator disposed to contact a surface of the developer bearer to adjust an amount of developer carried to the development range, and a lateral end seal to contact an axial end portion of the developer bearer. The developer bearer includes an uneven surface range having projections and recesses and including an axial center of the developer bearer and smooth surface ranges positioned outside the uneven surface range in an axial direction of the developer bearer, and the lateral end seal is disposed astride the uneven surface range and the smooth surface range of the developer bearer.

Abstract: A developing device includes a toner particle-bearing roller that bears toner particles on its surface and develops a latent image borne by an image-bearing member with those toner particles, the toner particle-bearing roller has a projection portion disposed on its surface, the projection portion having a top surface having a flat portion, and a width of the top surface being equal to or more than a volume average particle diameter of the toner particles.

Abstract: A developing roller which shows an excellent environmental performance and is free from occurrence of toner filming and toner leakage is provided. The developing roller 10 comprises a shaft 1, an elastic layer 2 supported on the outer periphery of the shaft 1, and a single surface layer 3 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer 2. The elastic layer 2 comprises a polyurethane foam and the surface layer 3 comprises an aqueous polyurethane resin as a major component and further a water-dispersible silica and/or an aqueous silicone acrylic graft polymer. As the aqueous polyurethane resin, a UV curing resin may be preferably used.

Abstract: Developer roll having a conductive or semi-conductive soft rubber core and a coating deposited in the soft rubber core wherein the coating has a conductive agent. The outer surface of the soft rubber core is modified before the coating is deposited onto the outer surface of the soft rubber core. Methods for making the same.

Abstract: To provide a toner bearing member, which contains: an electric conductive support; an insulating layer provided on the electric conductive support; a plurality of electrodes located on the insulating layer so that each electrode is separated from one another with a certain space; and a surface layer covering the insulating layer and the electrodes, wherein the surface layer contains a crosslink reaction product of a fluororesin, or a crosslink reaction product of a (meth)acrylate compound, or both thereof.

Abstract: In a toner roller for use in a developer station for a printer or copier, a roller-shaped base body has an electrically conductive surface on which is arranged an insulation layer. The insulation layer comprises plastic and has a layer thickness and arranged between 150 ?m and 1000 ?m. The insulation layer also comprises a filler where the filler comprises electrically conductive additives.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive roller having a toner transport part composed of a vulcanized rubber composition at least on an outermost layer thereof. The vulcanized rubber composition contains a rubber component (A), highly conductive carbon black (B) having a particle diameter not less than 18 nm and less than 80 nm, an inorganic filler (C) consisting of not less than one kind of a metal oxide selected from among a group of titanium oxide, alumina, and silica. A total of a content of the highly conductive carbon black (B) and a content of the inorganic filler (C) for 100 parts by mass of the rubber component (A) is not less than 10 parts by mass nor more than 60 parts by mass.

Abstract: A developing roller including: a core metal; and an elastic layer formed on an outer circumference of the core metal, wherein an outermost surface of the developing roller is roughened, and wherein a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of indentation power is 10% to 21%, wherein the indentation power is measured by a micro-indentation test at 120 locations with 3 degrees apart on a circumference of the developing roller, which is at a center of the developing roller with respect to a longitudinal direction.

Abstract: An inventive developing roller is adapted for use in an electrophotographic image forming apparatus. The developing roller includes a roller body. At least an outer peripheral surface of the roller body is formed from a rubber composition containing a base rubber. The base rubber contains a styrene butadiene rubber in a proportion of not less than 10 mass % and not greater than 70 mass % based on the overall amount of the base rubber. The outer peripheral surface of the rubber body has a surface roughness Ra of not less than 0.78 ?m and not greater than 1.8 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention provides a developer carrying member capable of maintaining excellent charge imparting property even under long-term use. The present invention relates to a developer carrying member including a substrate and a resin layer, wherein the resin layer includes an acrylic resin having three specific structural units and electroconductive particles.

Abstract: The developing device includes a developer charging member configured to charge a toner serving as a one developer; and a developer bearing member configured to bear and feed the charged toner while forming an electric field so that the toner hops. The developer bearing member includes an insulating substrate; plural electrodes arranged on the insulating substrate in a developer feeding direction to form the electric field; and an outermost layer covering the plural electrodes. The toner has a softening point of from 115 to 130° C.

Abstract: A developing roller which is excellent in image quality and image durability and stably outputs a uniform image, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus using the developing roller are provided.

Abstract: Provided is the following developer carrying member. The member has high charge-providing performance even under a high-temperature, high-humidity environment, and its surface layer hardly peels off its elastic layer even after long-term standing under the high-temperature, high-humidity environment. The developer carrying member comprises a mandrel, an elastic layer including a silicone rubber, and a surface layer covering a surface of the elastic layer, and the surface layer comprises a binder resin, and a copolymer having structural units of formula (1) and formula (2). R1 represents an alkyl group having 10-18 carbon atoms, R2 represents a methyl group or a hydrogen atom, R3 represents an alkylene group having 1-4 carbon atoms, X? represents a chloride ion, a bromide ion, or a p-toluenesulfonic acid ion, R4 represents a methyl group or a hydrogen atom, and R5 represents an alkylene group having 1-4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing carrier includes a core particle and a coating layer with which the surface of the core particle is coated. The coating layer includes an acrylic resin having a constituent unit in which a silicone chain is disposed in a branch.

Abstract: A developer supplying member includes a foamed member formed of continuous foams for supplying developer to a developer supporting member. The foamed member has a high resistivity in terms of electrical conductivity through ion conductivity, and has a low resistivity in terms of electrical conductivity after carbon black is attached to foam cell walls thereof.

Abstract: A development roll for electrophotographic equipment includes a shaft body, a rubber elastic layer formed by molding on an outer circumference of the shaft body and having many convex portions formed by transfer molding on the outer circumferential surface thereof, and a coating layer disposed on an outer circumference of the rubber elastic layer. The coating layer is composed of a cured body of a coating material containing (A) a thermoplastic urethane having a number-average molecular weight in the range of 50,000 to 200,000, (B) a polyol having a number-average molecular weight in the range of 500 to 4,000, and (C) a curing agent. The mass percentages a, b, and c of the components (A), (B), and (C) satisfy the following expressions: a+b+c=100, 40?a?75, 5?b?20, and 20?c.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus which includes a developer to develop an image and a developer contact medium of which a surface contacts the developer, wherein asperities with a density of about 4×108 to about 200×108 pcs/cm2 are formed to form roughness on the surface of the developer contact medium.

Abstract: A developing roller has a mandrel, an elastic layer and a cover layer as a surface layer. The cover layer includes a silicon oxide film containing a carbon atom chemically bonded to a silicon atom. In the silicon oxide film, the proportion of the total number of the elements of silicon, oxygen, carbon and hydrogen to the number of all detected elements, as detected with a high-frequency glow discharge light-emission surface analysis method, is 90% or more. The silicon oxide film has an abundance ratio of an oxygen atom chemically bonded to a silicon atom to silicon atoms, (O/Si), of 0.65 or more but 1.95 or less and an abundance ratio of a carbon atom chemically bonded to a silicon atom to silicon atoms, (C/Si), of 0.05 or more but 1.65 or less, and has a ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of the (C/Si) in a thickness direction of the cover layer, of 1.50 to 33.00.

Abstract: A developing unit including a retainer receiving portion for receiving a developer retainer, a first agitation portion adjacent to the retainer receiving portion, a second agitation portion adjacent to the first agitation portion, a first conveyance member received in the first agitation portion, a second conveyance member received in the second agitation portion, a layer thickness limiting member made of a magnetic material and disposed between the second conveyance member and the developer retainer to limit the layer thickness of a developer retained on the surface of a retaining member, and a blocking portion disposed on the upstream side of the layer thickness limiting member in the rotation direction of the retaining member and in a space located between the layer thickness limiting member and the second agitation portion to block a developer on the upstream side of the layer thickness limiting member from entering the space.

Abstract: In a toner roller that is suitable to take up a layer with toner particles on its outer surface. The toner roller has a roller-shaped inner body, and wherein a dielectric layer is arranged at an outer surface of the inner body. A high-resistance cover layer is located on said dielectric layer.

Abstract: An electrical conductive roller 1 that includes a shaft member 2 born at both end portions in a lengthwise direction thereof, and one or more elastic layers 3 arranged on a radially outside thereof, where each elastic layer has a glass transition point of not higher than ?40° C., and at least one of the elastic layers is constituted with a ultraviolet curing type resin containing an electrically conducting agent and a ultraviolet initiator.

Abstract: A developer carrying member and a developing assembly are provided which can stably provide the toner with triboelectric charges, may prevent any problems such as image density decrease, density non-uniformity and spots around images even during running on a large number of sheets, and can enjoy a stable and good developing performance. The developer carrying member has a substrate and a resin layer, and the resin layer containing a thermosetting resin, an acrylic resin having specific units and electroconductive particles.

Abstract: Object of the present invention is to provide a resin-coated carrier for an electrophotographic developer with reduced carrier weight, carrier beads carry over is prevented, and further, excellent in carrier strength and stable charging property in endurance printing. To achieve the object, the carrier having a coated resin layer on the surface of a porous ferrite core material and the pore volume and the peak pore size of the porous ferrite core material are 55 to 160 mm3/g and 0.2 to 0.7 ?m, respectively, and an electrophotographic developer using the resin-coated carrier is adopted.

Abstract: The semiconductive rubber composition according to the present invention contains: a rubber content containing at least copolymer rubber containing ethylene oxide as a copolymeric component and chloroprene rubber; and not less than 0.5 parts by mass and not more than 1.5 parts by mass of a thiourea-based vulcanization accelerator, not less than 0.5 parts by mass and not more than 1.5 parts by mass of a guanidine-based vulcanization accelerator and not less than 0.5 parts by mass and not more than 2.0 parts by mass of a peroxide-based crosslinking agent with respect to 100 parts by mass of the sum of the rubber content.

Abstract: A developing roller including: an electrically-conductive base; an elastic layer formed on an outer circumference of the electrically-conductive base; and a toner bearing layer formed on the elastic layer, wherein the toner bearing layer contains a polyurethane resin having an isocyanurate structure, and wherein the polyurethane resin has a ratio A/B of 1.0 to 10.0 where A denotes absorbance attributed to C?O of cyanurate and B denotes absorbance attributed to C?O of urethane in an infrared absorption spectrum of the polyurethane resin obtained by an ATR method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel covering layer for electrophotographic printing rollers with improved scratch resistance. Said covering layer consists of between 50 and 75 wt. % of cycloaliphatic epoxides, between 20 and 60 wt. % of aminofunctional silica nanoparticles, and between 0 and 2 wt. % of perfluoroalkyltrialkoxysilanes. The aminofunctional nanoparticles are produced from aminoalkyltrialkoxysilanes preferably by means of sol/gel technology.

Abstract: A developing unit includes a developing roller which rotates about a rotational axis to supply toner to a photoreceptor, and a magnetic roller which forms a magnetic brush with a two-component developing agent having carrier and the toner and thereby forms a toner layer on the developing roller, the developing roller including: a cylindrical core portion which includes an electric conductor; a first resistive layer which covers a cylindrical surface of the core portion; a second resistive layer which covers the first resistive layer, and has electric-resistivity lower than that of the first resistive layer; and a current leakage control member which prevents leakage of electric current from the core portion toward the second resistive layer through an end of the developing roller along a direction of the rotational axis.

Abstract: Disclosed is a conductive elastomer material from which a molded material having good conductivity and excellent bending resistance can be obtained. This conductive elastomer material is capable of reducing variations in in-plane electrical resistively of sheet-like molded articles. Specifically disclosed is a conductive elastomer material which is characterized by being obtained by dispersing carbon nanotubes into a base component which is composed only of a thermoplastic elastomer. The conductive elastomer material is also characterized in that the carbon nanotubes have a diameter of 30-300 nm and an aspect ratio of 10-1000, and 0.01-10 parts by mass of the carbon nanotubes are blended per 100 parts by mass of the base component.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member; and a magnetic member provided inside the carrying member and having magnetic poles arranged circumferentially, wherein on a center axis of the carrying member outside an end of the magnetic member, there is a region in which a magnetic flux density of a first magnetic polarity converges toward zero; and wherein a ratio of a volume, per unit length, of a portion of the magnetic member which has a surface magnetic pole of a second magnetic polarity which is different from the first magnetic polarity in a longitudinal end portion to that in a longitudinally central portion is smaller than a ratio of a volume of a portion of the magnetic member which has a surface magnetic pole of the first magnetic polarity in a longitudinal end portion to that in a longitudinally central portion.

Abstract: Provided is a developing roller in which: even when the roller is stored under a high-temperature, high-humidity environment over a long period of time, bleeding is suppressed; and the fusion of toner to its surface upon repeated output of images under low temperature and low humidity is suppressed. The developing roller includes: a mandrel; an elastic layer on an outer periphery of the mandrel; and a surface layer on an outer periphery of the elastic layer, in which: the surface layer contains carbon black and a polyester-polyurethane resin containing a specific structure; and the surface layer has a storage modulus E? as measured at a temperature of 0° C. and a frequency of 10 Hz of 5 MPa or more and 20 MPa or less.

Abstract: The semiconductive roller according to the present invention includes a nonporous roller body made of a rubber composition containing styrene-butadiene rubber and epichlorohydrin rubber as rubber components.

Abstract: A regenerated elastic rollers manufacturing process is provided. The process includes the step of removing an agglutinated stain of toner adhered to the surface of an elastic roller including a mandrel and an elastic layer. The step further includes the steps of: (1) pressing a pressing roller against the surface of the elastic roller so as to crack the agglutinated stain on the surface of the elastic roller; and (2) removing the agglutinated stain cracked in the step (1) from the surface of the elastic roller by means of an adhesive roller.