Abstract: The present invention provides a lubricant coater including an applying member for applying a lubricant powder on a surface of an image bearing member, wherein the lubricant powder contains paraffin as a main component, and the lubricant coatability of the applying member is controlled such that a maximum thickness of a lubricant film formed on the image bearing member, which is obtained after the lubricant powder is continuously applied on the surface of the image bearing member for 120 minutes, is 0.25 ?m or less.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided with a cassette configured to accommodate printing sheets, a casing of the image forming apparatus, a belt member which circularly moves inside the casing, a cleaning device configured to remove particles adhering on the belt member, and a collection box in which the particles removed by the cleaning unit is collected. The casing has a cassette accommodating section for accommodating the cassette, a box accommodating section defined inside the casing and communicating with the cassette accommodating section and an opening formed on the casing and communicating with the cassette accommodating section. The cassette is removably installable into the cassette accommodating section through the opening, and the collection box is detached from or inserted in the box accommodating section through the opening.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus for cleaning toner on an image bearing member includes a cleaning blade for collecting the toner by contacting an edge portion thereof with the image bearing member, a container for storing the toner, a first rotation axis for rotatably supporting the cleaning blade, an urging member for urging the cleaning blade, a positioning portion for positioning the cleaning blade so that the cleaning blade urged by the urging member stands by at a predetermined position when the cleaning blade is not in contact with the image bearing member, and a second rotation axis for rotatably supporting the cleaning apparatus while contacting a part of a main body when the cleaning apparatus is mounted on the main body, wherein the edge portion is positioned on a straight line or away from the image bearing member with respect to the straight line connecting rotation centers of the first rotation axis and of the second rotation axis when the cleaning blade is located at the predetermined position.

Abstract: A toner obtained by a toner production method which includes dissolving or dispersing in an organic solvent a toner material containing at least a calixarene derivative and a binder resin or a binder resin precursor, to thereby prepare a solution or dispersion liquid of the toner material, adding the solution or dispersion liquid to an aqueous medium for emulsification or dispersion, to thereby prepare an emulsion or dispersion liquid, and removing the organic solvent from the emulsion or dispersion liquid.

Abstract: A cleaning unit includes a cleaner. The cleaner includes: a support member; a toner scraping member; and a toner storing mechanism. The toner storing mechanism includes: a toner catching member provided in a vicinity of a leading end of the toner scraping member so as to catch the toner scraped off; and a swingably supporting mechanism which supports swingably the toner catching member with a middle portion of the toner catching member as a swing fulcrum. A free end portion of the toner catching member protruding from the toner scraping member in the moving direction is a storage moving portion which moves based on an amount of the stored toner, and a portion opposite to the free end portion with respect to the swing fulcrum is a press portion which presses the toner scraping member toward the cleaned member based on a moving amount of the storage moving portion.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus for removing charged particles includes a cleaning brush and a recovery unit. The cleaning brush removes the charged particles from an object by attracting the charged particles having positive and negative polarity. The recovery unit for recovering the charged particles from the cleaning brush includes a recovery member, a first charge applicator, a second charge applicator, and a voltage control unit. The recovery member is supplied with a voltage to attract the charged particles. The recovery member has a core and a surface layer. The first charge applicator applies a voltage to the surface layer of the recovery member. The second charge applicator applies a voltage to the core of the recovery member. The voltage control unit controls a polarity of the voltage to be applied by the first and second charge applicators depending on a polarity of the charged particles to be recovered.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member with an image bearing surface adapted to move in a given direction and carry a toner image thereon. A main cleaning device is opposed to the image bearing surface and electrically removes residual toner remaining on the image bearing surface. A power supply is adapted to apply to the main cleaning device a bias having a polarity reverse to a charge polarity of the residual toner. An auxiliary cleaning device is provided near and upstream of the main cleaning device with respect to the moving direction of the image bearing surface and can be brought into contact with the image bearing surface. A support structure supports the auxiliary cleaning device and permits the auxiliary cleaning device to be moved swingingly while following a displacement of the image bearing surface during the moving.

Abstract: A cleaning device cleans an image bearing member bearing a toner image to be transferred at a transfer position onto a sheet. The device includes a cleaning member provided on a downstream side with respect to the transfer position in a movement direction in which the image bearing member moves and configured to collect residual toner from the image bearing member, a cleaning assist member provided on an upstream or downstream side in the movement direction with respect to the cleaning member and configured to be pressed against the image bearing member to rub off the toner from the image bearing member, a cleaning mechanism configured to move the cleaning assist member away from the image bearing member at a predetermined timing to remove the toner adhered to the cleaning assist member, and a housing that houses the cleaning member, the cleaning assist member, and the cleaning mechanism.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electrostatic brush cleaning of excess toner particles on a photoreceptor device in an image production device is disclosed. The method may include determining if an image transfer occurred in the image production device, wherein if it is determined that the image transfer occurred, rotating one or more electrostatic brushes at a first speed, and if it is determined that the image transfer did not occur, rotating the one or more electrostatic brushes at a second speed, wherein the first speed is slower than the second speed.

Abstract: An inkjet recording apparatus, including: a conveyance device including an endless belt which conveys a recording medium placed on an exterior surface of the endless belt; a recording device which jets ink onto the recording medium conveyed by the conveyance device; and a cleaning device to clean the surface, including, a flexible sheet member mounted more downstream in a conveyance direction of the belt than a position where the recording device is mounted, and a top of the flexible sheet member comes into slidably contact with the surface, and an elastic supporting member mounted at a side of the flexible sheet member; wherein when the flexible sheet member bends due to running of the belt, the elastic supporting member comes into contact with the flexible sheet member, and the elastic supporting member pushes the flexible sheet member so that the flexible sheet member presses against the surface of the belt.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a cleaning composition that can include alkane components for cleaning printer members made of elastomeric materials.

Abstract: An image carrier cleaning device includes: a first charging member which charges an image carrier to the same polarity as that of a toner after a transfer operation of a toner image formed by the toner charged to a predetermined polarity and having an external additive added thereto; a cleaning member which comes into contact with the image carrier charged by the first charging member; and a second charging member which applies an electric charge having a polarity opposite to a polarity of the toner to the image carrier having passed through the cleaning member.

Abstract: A cleaning device including a conductive member configured to charge powder remaining on a member to be cleaned so as to have a single polarity and configured to scrape off at least part of the powder, and disposed to contact with the member to be cleaned; a cleaning member configured to electrically adsorb the powder present on the member to be cleaned, disposed to contact with the member to be cleaned and located downstream of the conductive member in a direction in which the powder is conveyed thereon; a first recovering member configured to electrically adsorb the powder present on the cleaning member and disposed to contact with the cleaning member; and a second recovering member configured to scrape off the powder from the first recovering member and disposed to contact with the first recovering member, wherein the conductive member is constant-current controlled.

Abstract: An image forming equipment, e.g., a laser printer includes a photoconductive (PC) drum and an associated charge roller and incorporates a conductive polymer cleaner blade having an electrical potential to sufficiently charge contamination particles on the PC drum to electrically repel from a charged surface, such as the charge roller.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has a spacer roller that contacts a photosensitive drum outside a running region of a transfer member. The spacer roller forms a gap between a developing roller and the photosensitive drum. A cleaning device is positioned at downstream side of a nip position formed between the photosensitive drum and the transfer member. A toner removing blade is disposed between the downstream side of the nip and an upstream side of the cleaning device. The toner removing blade has a contact portion that contacts a contact region between the photosensitive drum and the spacer roller. The rotation axis of the photosensitive drum extends along an inner end of the contact portion. This inner end of the contact portion is positioned within a toner collecting region in which toner is scraped off by the cleaning device.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a charging device, a developing device, a thickness detecting unit and a parameter setting unit. A photosensitive layer is formed on a surface of the photosensitive member. The charging device charges the photosensitive member. The developing device forms a toner image on the surface of the photosensitive member. The thickness detecting unit detects a thickness of the photosensitive layer on a basis of a value of a current supplied to the charging device. When the thickness detecting unit detects the thickness of the photosensitive layer, the parameter setting unit sets at least one of a charge parameter for the charging device and a development parameter to be different from that used in forming an image on a recording medium by transferring a toner image formed on the surface of the photosensitive member onto the recording medium.

Abstract: A cleaning device including a polarity control unit to control a charge polarity of residual toner particles, a cleaning member, a surface of which is movable, to electrostatically remove the residual toner particles, provided on a downstream side from the polarity control unit relative to a surface moving direction of an image bearing member, a toner collecting unit to collect the residual toner particles on the cleaning member, and a neutralizing member to neutralize the image bearing member, provided on a downstream side from the polarity control unit and an upstream side from the cleaning member relative to the surface moving direction of the image bearing member.

Abstract: An image forming method producing images at a speed of from 500 to 1,700 mm/sec, including charging an image bearer; irradiating the charged image bearer to form an electrostatic latent image thereon; developing the electrostatic latent image with a developer comprising a toner, to form a toner image on the image bearer; transferring the toner image onto a recording medium; cleaning the toner remaining on the image bearer after the transferring step; and fixing the toner image on the recording medium, wherein the binder resin includes a crystalline polyester resin and an amorphous resin, wherein a peak ratio (W/R) of a specific peak height (W) of the crystalline polyester resin to a specific peak height (R) of the amorphous resin is from 0.050 to 0.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a cleaning composition that can include alkane components for cleaning printer members made of elastomeric materials.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming apparatus, comprising: an image carrier; a brush to remove toner remaining on the image carrier by scrubbing a surface of the image carrier; a flicker to remove the toner adhering to the brush by contacting to the brush; a brush driving section to rotate the brush; and a control section to obtain a quantity of the toner adhering to the brush and to control the brush driving section so as to change a rotation speed of the brush based on the obtained quantity of the toner.

Abstract: A lubricant applying unit, included in a process cartridge provided in an image forming apparatus, includes a solid lubricant, a lubricant supporting unit to support the solid lubricant, a lubricant holder to accommodate the solid lubricant supported by the lubricant supporting unit, a pressing mechanism located between the lubricant supporting unit and the lubricant holder and designed to press the solid lubricant against a lubricant applying member, and a frictional resistance reducing member to reduce a frictional resistance produced at sliding contact portions between the lubricant supporting unit and internal surfaces of the lubricant holder.

Abstract: A cleaning blade which is brought into contact with a peripheral surface of a photoreceptor drum of an image-forming apparatus to remove toner which remains on the peripheral surface of the photoreceptor drum. In a dynamic state in which the cleaning blade contacts the photoreceptor drum with a load of 2 to 60 N and a face pressure of 1.3 to 66.7 MPa being applied thereto when the photoreceptor drum is rotating, the cleaning blade contacts the peripheral surface of the photoreceptor drum in a contact width (nip width) of 3 to 10 ?m. The cleaning blade has a two-layer construction composed of a matrix layer and an edge layer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprises: a rotatable image carrier operable to carry a toner image on a surface thereof; a transfer part operable to electrostatically transfer the toner image carried on the surface of the image carrier, onto a transfer material; a cleaning member that is in contact with the surface of the image carrier and that is operable to clean toner remaining on the surface of the image carrier after transfer by the transfer part; and a voltage supplier operable to apply, to the cleaning member, a bias voltage that is for cleaning the surface of the image carrier and that has a polarity opposite to a normal charging polarity of the toner.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus provided with a cleaning device including a cleaning blade in contact with an image carrier with contact pressure for removing the toner remaining on the image carrier; a toner guide roller which is located upstream of the cleaning blade in the rotating direction of the image carrier and which rotates in contact with the image carrier; a toner ejection regulating member in contact with the toner guide roller to eject the remaining toner appropriately; and a space formed by the enclosure of the image carrier, cleaning blade, toner guide roller and toner ejection regulating member for the purpose of storing the remaining toner; and this image forming apparatus further includes a control device that controls the cleaning device so as to change the peripheral speed ratio of the toner guide roller with respect to the image carrier, in response to change in the system speed.

Abstract: Electrophotographic printing apparatus comprising an image-forming member having a surface on which a latent electrostatic image can be formed and developed for transfer of the developed image to a substrate and a developer for depositing onto the surface of the image-forming member a layer of ink comprising charged ink particles to develop the latent image. The developer comprising an ink bearing surface from which ink is transferred to the image forming member and a cleaner for removing ink from the ink bearing surface. The developer further comprises an adjustable power system for generating an electric potential between the ink bearing surface and the cleaner such that charged ink particles remaining on the ink bearing surface after the transfer of ink to the image-forming member are removed from the ink bearing surface through attraction to the cleaner.

Abstract: An image-forming device includes a plurality of developing units, an endless belt, and a cleaning unit. The cleaning unit includes a cleaning member and a conveying unit. The cleaning member contacts the endless belt to clean a remaining toner on the endless belt. The conveying unit includes a first conveying unit, a second conveying unit, and a first relaying unit. The first relaying member relays the remaining toner conveyed by the first conveying unit to the second conveying unit, and has a relay-axis. The cleaning member pivots about the relay axis to move between a contacting position for contacting the endless belt and a separating position for separating from the endless belt.

Abstract: A process cartridge is detachably mountable to an image forming apparatus. The process cartridge includes an image bearing member, a developing member for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on a surface of the image bearing member and a cleaning member having a blade contacted to the image bearing member along a longitudinal direction of the image bearing member to remove the developer from the surface of the image bearing member. The cleaning member has a processed portion containing an isocyanate compound at each of longitudinal end portions of the blade, wherein a longitudinally inside end of the processed portion is disposed longitudinally inside a developer carryable region of the developing member which is capable of carrying the developer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming apparatus, which comprises an image bearing member on which a toner image is formed, a sweep roller for removing residual toner particles from the image bearing member, and a recovery roller for recovering the toner particles from the sweep roller. The recovery roller has a diameter of 10 mm or less, and a surface roughness Rz of 1.6 ?m to 6.4 ?m.

Abstract: In a cleaning arrangement for a moving element to be cleaned in an electrographic printing apparatus, a cleaning element is provided that has a cleaning member for cleaning which rests on a surface of the moving element to be cleaned. A drive unit for the cleaning element is provided that actuates the cleaning element such that the cleaning member cleans the surface of the moving element to be cleaned region-by-region.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and a method for cleaning a photoreceptor are realized that allow cleaning a surface of the photoreceptor to eliminate foreign substances adhering thereto, without using a special abrasive sheet. A recording sheet is fed and brought into contact with photoreceptors of all photoreceptor drums. The recording sheet is stopped by causing the vicinity of a rear end of the recording sheet to be sandwiched between a pair of registration rollers. Then, the photoreceptor drums are rotated. By this way, the cleaning is carried out to the photoreceptor.

Abstract: A web cleaning system for a fuser system includes a web which is biased into contact with a rotating cylindrical member, such as a fuser roll, as the fuser roll is rotated about its axis of rotation. A lateral displacement system displaces the web, relative to the cylindrical member, in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the cylindrical member. In this way, regions of the web which have become contaminated with collected toner are shifted laterally, thus avoiding oversaturation of the web.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image bearer; a charging device charging the image bearer; a light irradiating device irradiating the charged image bearer with light to form an electrostatic image; a developing device developing the electrostatic image with a developer including a toner to form a toner image on the image bearer; a transfer device transferring the toner image; and a cleaning device cleaning the image bearer, wherein the volume average particle diameter of the toner is greater than 5.0 ?m and less than 5.5 ?m, the content of toner particles having a particle diameter of not greater than 4.0 ?m is not higher than 20% by number, the ratio of the first shape factor SF-1 to the second shape factor SF-2 is from 1.00 to 1.15, and the content of toner particles having a SF-2 of not less than 115 is not less than 67.

Abstract: A cleaning blade, for use in an image-forming apparatus, for removing toner which remains on a surface of a photoreceptor drum thereof, with the cleaning blade in contact with the photoreceptor drum. The cleaning blade is formed from a sheet composed of a thermosetting elastomer composition. The roughness degree of a ridgeline formed longitudinally on a cleaning blade edge which contacts the photoreceptor is set to not more than 10 ?m. The straightness degree of the ridgeline is set to not more than 100 ?m. In a test of supplying 150,000 sheets of paper conducted by mounting the cleaning blade on the image-forming apparatus, a change rate ?Re of an average roughness degree value Re of the ridgeline formed longitudinally on the edge is set to not more than +0.7, and a sectional length Ws45 of a wear surface of the edge, inclined at 45 degrees, which contacts the photoreceptor is set to not more than 50 ?m.

Abstract: A blade of a cleaning device includes two surfaces: an upstream side surface and a downstream side surface. The two surfaces adjoin each other with respect to a contact edge of the blade. The upstream side surface has a longer dimension in the direction orthogonal to the contact edge than that of the downstream side surface. A horizontal portion of a blade holder that restricts a warp in the blade is bonded on an opposed surface to the upstream side surface of the blade. The blade is held via the horizontal portion with a vertical portion of the blade holder supported by the main body of the cleaning device in a downstream of a normal line to a contact point on a photoconductor surface in contact with the contact edge, in the photoconductor-surface moving direction.

Abstract: A cleaning device is provided with a cleaning unit (35) disposed downstream from a position at which a toner image is transferred to a paper. The cleaning unit (35) is provided with a cleaning blade (35c) for scraping off residual toner attached to an image bearing member and a toner catching sheet (35e) for preventing the residual toner or paper dust which have been scraped off from falling outside the cleaning unit. The free length in the toner catching sheet (35e) between affixed positions of a first end portion which is affixed to the cleaning unit (35) and a second end portion which abuts an outer circumferential portion of the image bearing member is determined by an amount of paper dust buildup on the outer circumferential portion of the image bearing member.

Abstract: A sheet feeding device includes: a conveying member of a conveying unit which conveys a sheet; and a cleaning member which is in sliding contact with a circumferential surface of the conveying member to clean the circumferential surface. The conveying member and the cleaning member rotate in the same tangential direction at a sliding contact position thereof, and drives of the conveyance member and the cleaning member are controlled so that the following expression is satisfied: V1>V2 where V1 represents a line speed of the circumferential surface of the conveying member during a rotation thereof, and V2 represents a line speed of a sliding contact portion of the cleaning member during a rotation thereof.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a rotatable photosensitive member; an exposure member, which includes a plurality of blinking units arranged in an axial direction of the photosensitive member, and which exposes the photosensitive member; a pair of spacing members that holds a space between the photosensitive member and the exposure member by being in contact with the photosensitive member; and a pair of cleaning members that slidably contacts with the photosensitive member to remove extraneous matter from the photosensitive member. The pair of spacing members and the pair of cleaning members are disposed at corresponding positions in the axial direction of the photosensitive member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus that is capable of solving the problem of abrasion or load caused by an unevenly installed cleaning member and capable of realizing excellent cleaning performance. A cleaning section in the image forming apparatus has a cleaning member in the shape of a board, which contacts the surface of the charging roller through it's a first surface, and a fixing member, which supports the cleaning member at least at an upstream side of a contact position between the charging roller and the cleaning member with respect to the rotation direction of the charging roller. The fixing member is formed so as to not contact the cleaning member in an area of a second surface which is opposite to the contact part of the charging roller and the cleaning member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier that rotates in a predetermined direction so as to carry a toner image, a charging member that charges the image carrier by a discharge operation, a toner holding member that is disposed to be in contact with the image carrier so as to hold toner in a portion being in contact with the image carrier and that removes a discharge product generated on the image carrier, and a holding amount adjusting unit that adjusts a toner holding amount of the toner holding member. The holding amount adjusting unit includes an estimation unit that estimates a current toner holding amount of the toner holding member, and a correction unit that corrects the toner holding amount of the toner holding member on a basis of an estimation result obtained from the estimation unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photoreceptor, a cleaning unit, an exposing unit, a developing unit, and a control section. On a circumferential surface thereof, the photoreceptor has an image area to have contact with a record medium in an image forming process, and a non-image area. The cleaning unit has a blade in contact with the image and non-image areas. The exposing unit forms an electrostatic latent image on the surface by irradiating the surface along a fast scanning direction with light modulated according to image data supplied by the control section. The data includes primary image data for modulating light to irradiate the image area with. The developing unit develops the latent image by applying developer to the surface. The control section performs an image addition processing in which secondary image data for modulating light to irradiate the non-image area with is added to the primary image data.

Abstract: An image carrier cleaning device includes: a first charging member which charges an image carrier to the same polarity as that of a toner after a transfer operation of a toner image formed by the toner charged to a predetermined polarity and having an external additive added thereto; a cleaning member which comes into contact with the image carrier charged by the first charging member; and a second charging member which applies an electric charge having a polarity opposite to a polarity of the toner to the image carrier having passed through the cleaning member.

Abstract: A waste toner transfer device of an image forming apparatus includes a waste toner transfer unit which is disposed in proximity to a cleaning member to transfer waste toner removed from a photoconductive medium by the cleaning member, and includes a plurality of protrusions at one end, a driving unit which horizontally reciprocates the waste toner transfer unit, and a plurality of ribs which constrain the plurality of protrusions when the waste toner transfer unit moves, so that the waste toner transfer unit vibrates vertically.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprising: an image forming section to form a toner image based on print data; a transfer section to transfer the toner image onto a transfer sheet; a fixing section to fix the toner image transferred onto the transfer sheet; a cleaning section for cleaning at least one of the image forming section, the transfer section and the fixing section; and a control section to determine an existence area of a real image in a print image based on the print data, to determine a size of the transfer sheet, onto which the print image is printed and to control the cleaning device based on determinations of the image determination section and the transfer sheet size determination section.

Abstract: A process cartridge is detachably mountable to an image forming apparatus. The process cartridge includes an image bearing member, a developing member for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on a surface of the image bearing member and a cleaning member having a blade contacted to the image bearing member along a longitudinal direction of the image bearing member to remove the developer from the surface of the image bearing member. The cleaning member has a processed portion containing an isocyanate compound at each of longitudinal end portions of the blade, wherein a longitudinally inside end of the processed portion is disposed longitudinally inside a developer carryable region of the developing member which is capable of carrying the developer.

Abstract: A cleaning device including an elastic blade whose tip is contacted with a surface of a rotating member in such a manner as to counter the rotated member to remove particles of a toner on the rotated member; and a holder configured to support the elastic blade, wherein a nip formed by longitudinal end portions of the tip of the blade and the surface of the rotated member has a first nip width in a rotation direction of the rotated member, and a nip formed by a central portion of the blade and the surface of the rotated member has a second nip width, and wherein the first nip width is less than the second nip width.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member, a charging device, a transfer device, a lubricant supplying device, a developing device to develop the latent image with a developer, a discharging device, a cleaning device, and a controlling device configured to control an lubricant supplying mode and a lubricant removing mode in which at least a portion of the lubricant is removed from the surface of the image bearing member, a method of using the image forming apparatus, and a process cartridge used with the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: Emission windows are prevented from being contaminated and are cleaned easily. The emission windows for emitting light beams are disposed on a housing of a laser exposure device having optical elements arranged inside for exposing a photoreceptor, and the upper surface of the housing is provided with a slidable shutter with openings. An image forming apparatus includes guide rails independent of the laser exposure device to movably guide predetermined cleaning brushes in the longitudinal direction of the emission windows. When the cleaning brushes are mounted on the guide rails and moved toward the inner side of the apparatus, the cleaning brushes touch a slant portion of a rib and the shutter is moved to the right to align the openings with the emission windows. While the cleaning brushes touch a longitudinally extending portion, the emission windows are exposed to enable the cleaning of the exposed window using the cleaning tool.

Abstract: A band-like developer (toner) image is formed on an image bearing member by a developing member without performing a charging operation by a charger for electrically charging the image bearing member and then is removed by a cleaner. Thereafter, the charging operation is started after an area, in which the band-like developer image is removed by the cleaner, passes through an opposing portion between the image bearing member and the charger.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus having an image support body configured to support a latent image, a charging member configured to provide a substantially uniform charge to a surface of the image support body and a spacer coupled to the charging member and configured to contact the image support body to maintain a gap between the image support body and the charging member. A cleaning part is configured to clean the surface of the image support body after developer is applied to the image support body and transferred to a recording medium. The cleaning part is configured to satisfy the relationship A+B?C, where A is a width of the effective charging area of the charging member that charges a surface of the image support body, B is a total width of the spacer that contacts the image support body, and C is a width of cleaning part that contacts the image support body.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, there are electrophotographic photoreceptors, image forming apparatus and methods of forming an image. The electrophotographic photoreceptor can comprise a conductive layer comprising a plurality of electroluminescent nanomaterials, a first contact electrically connected to a first edge of the conductive layer and an electrical ground, a second contact electrically connected to a second edge of the conductive layer and a D.C. power supply, and a photosensitive layer disposed over the conductive layer, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a charge generation material and a charge transport material. The D.C. power supply can be configured to supply a lateral voltage bias at the second contact to generate a localized electroluminescence across the conductive layer and deliver an erase illumination from within the electrophotographic photoreceptor.