Abstract: A flow distribution box for a wastewater treatment system includes an inlet into a back wall and outlets in the opposed outer side walls and front wall, the distribution box including a plurality of flow dividers therein to compartmentalize effluent within the flow distribution box. A flow director is disposed in the inlet into the flow distribution box for directing the flow into selected compartments within the distribution box. Each of the outlets in the box is in flow communication with a conduit leading into a selected area of a drain field.

Abstract: An irrigation system comprising an energized cooling system for cooling the fluid to a temperature below ground temperature, colosed-loop condensation piping buried under ground surface and an energized fluid circulating arrangement for circulating the fluid through the system, whereby propelling the cooled fluid through the piping extracts moisture from the ground by condensation over the piping, for consumption by agriculture growth in the vicinity of the piping.

Abstract: The invention most fundamentally is a leaching system substantially consisting of subsystems of liquid permeable conduit, serial or parallel interconnected for the serial or parallel flow of fluid being processed. Fluid flow is within subsystems and between subsystems from one level to another level. I.e., the subsystems of which the system is comprised are located at different depths one above the other within a “leach bed” or within the volume designed to process the leached fluid. The leaching system has at least two (2) leaching subsystems wherein each of the leaching subsystems is planarly located at a different depth within the leaching field having the leaching system installed therein. The leaching subsystems are fluid flow connected, using tubing, such that fluid being leached either flows; (1.

Abstract: An apparatus for raising a component of an underground sprinkler including a hydraulic actuator in fluid communication with a pressurized fluid source normally associated with an underground sprinkler system, and operably connected to a base of the underground sprinkler. The hydraulic pressure provided by the pressurized fluid source is used to drive the hydraulic actuator and adjust the level of the base of the underground sprinkler within the ground. In a particular embodiment, the hydraulic actuator includes a hydraulic cylinder and a wand in fluid communication with the pressurized water source. The wand is inserted into the ground around the sprinkler base, thus fluidizing the ground and allowing the operator to more easily move the sprinkler base.

Abstract: A drainfield pipe having a rib radially extending from its wall is supported by a device which includes a pair of elongated anchor members generally parallel to each other and separated for receiving the drainfield pipe therebetween and suspending the pipe from its rib. The elongated anchor members penetrate a grade surface for holding the anchor members upright while supporting the pipe rib within a clamp above the grade surface. The clamp is attached to the anchor member upper portion and holds the rib between clamp jaws. Installing drainfield pipe by supporting the pipe from the radially extending rib permits the pipe to be held at desired positions for introduction of aggregate into an absorption area containing the drainfield pipe without displacing the connected pipe their desired location. With the rib positioned upward and away from the drainfield surface, the support devices holding the pipe are removed after aggregate is placed within the drainfield and around the pipe without displacing the pipe.

Abstract: A liquid distribution system for distributing effluent from a source of waste water. This liquid distribution system is contained within a distribution box and includes liquid inlet piping, a ramp system, and a low capacity liquid flow splitting system, including slots and capillary grooves. A high capacity flow splitting system may also be included. In addition, an adjustment system is incorporated into the liquid distribution system for maintaining the level of the liquid distribution system in the ground.

Abstract: A distribution device is suitable for apportioning effluent discharged by a settling tank among first and second outlets. A receptacle includes an interior chamber, an inlet, and first and second outlets. A dam partially blocks the second outlet. Effluent flows solely through the first outlet until the surface level of the effluent rises to a level sufficient to spill over the dam to begin flow to the second outlet. The receptacle may be a plastic pipe tee. An underground distribution system may use several such devices to initially direct flow to areas of a leaching field having a relatively high ground surface elevation.

Abstract: An emitter pipe and coupling for use in an irrigation system wherein the emitter pipe includes inner and outer flexible plastic pipe with a pair of longitudinally extending spacers therebetween, the inner pipe having a plurality of longitudinally spaced openings therein confluent with a plurality of longitudinally spaced slots in the outer pipe. The end of the emitter pipe is received in a slot in the end of a rigid coupling with the inner wall of the slot having a plurality of barbs thereon engaging the interior of the pipe and the outer wall of the slot has a pressing element thereon for compressing the emitter pipe into a sealed and secure relationship with the coupling. The end of the inner wall of the coupling slot has several land areas of decreasing diameter so that by cutting off the desired land area, the volume of fluid passing through the coupling can be controlled.

Abstract: A system and method for preventing the accumulation of water below and about a building and soil surrounding the building, the building having a foundation built on disturbed soil, which is in turn surrounded by undisturbed soil and the foundation extending to a depth. The system includes at least one trench section about the foundation, the trench being at least as deep as the disturbed soil about foundation and having sides and a bottom. At least one side of the trench being bounded by undisturbed soil. The trench section also includes a first end and a second end, the trench bottom having a slope between the first end and the second end, the second end terminating in a sump pit. An impermeable liner over the sides and bottom of the trench and extending into the sump pit.

Abstract: A drainfield pipe having a rib radially extending from its wall is supported by a device which includes a pair of elongated anchor members generally parallel to each other and separated for receiving the drainfield pipe therebetween and suspending the pipe from its rib. The elongated anchor members penetrate a grade surface for holding the anchor members upright while supporting the pipe rib within a clamp above the grade surface. The clamp is attached to the anchor member upper portion and holds the rib between clamp jaws. Installing drainfield pipe by supporting the pipe from the radially extending rib permits the pipe to be held at desired positions for introduction of aggregate into an absorption area containing the drainfield pipe without displacing the connected pipe their desired location. With the rib positioned upward and away from the drainfield surface, the support devices holding the pipe are removed after aggregate is placed within the drainfield and around the pipe without displacing the pipe.

Abstract: A low cost, modular plant irrigation system using any convenient container as a reservoir to hold water, including a detachable manifold connected to the reservoir, one or more detachable dripper devices to produce by gravity droplets of water to flow through detachable tubing of selectable sizes and lengths from the manifold to a variable number and types of plant sites, and additional control devices at either or both the dripper devices and the plant sites to individually control selectively and variably the amount of water flowing to each plant site.

Abstract: A method of retrofitting an underground water drainage sump system to below a floor slab for protecting the floor slab includes the steps of forming a sump hole below a floor slab of a building, drilling into and removing soil from below the floor slab so as to form a plurality of lateral passageways extending from a central location relative to an outer perimeter of the floor slab, extending the lateral passageways outwardly at two different levels and lengths and alternating therebetween to and beyond a footer at the outer perimeter of the floor slab, inserting a plurality of perforated collection pipes into the lateral passageways, placing a perforated drum into the sump hole such that inner ends of the perforated collection pipes are adjacent to the perforated drum, filling the sump hole around at least the lower portion of the perforated drum with drainage stones, placing a sump pump into the perforated drum, connecting the sump pump to a discharge pipe for transporting the drainage water from the perfor

Abstract: A drainfield pipe support device includes a pair of elongated anchor members generally parallel to each other and separated for receiving drainfield pipe sections therebetween. The elongated anchor members penetrate a grade surface for holding the anchor members upright while supporting the pipe section within a clamp above the grade surface. The clamp is pivotally attached to the anchor member upper portion and holds a rib extending radially from the pipe section between jaws of the clamp for holding the pipe section from an upper portion of the pipe section. The device and method for installing drainfield pipe sections by supporting such sections from a pipe section top portion permits the sections to be held at desired positions for introduction of aggregate into an absorption area containing the drainfield pipe sections without displacing the sections from their desired location.

Abstract: Prefabricated concrete pipe encasements are disclosed for stabilizing underground conduit systems from movement caused by flotation, back filling or settling. In one embodiment, a sewer chimney includes a plastic riser connected between a tee-fitting in a sewer main and a cap block at a branch service line. At least one pipe encasement and a prefabricated concrete base encircles the riser for maintaining alignment with the tee-fitting. In other embodiments the pipe encasement encircles a generally horizontal pipe line.

Abstract: An on-site wastewater treatment system distributes septic tank effluent over a particulate media filter bed through a distribution manifold at a sufficient volumetric flow rate relative to the cross-sectional area of the distribution conduits to inhibit undesirable biological growth in the conduits and in the filter by creating a scouring effect in the conduits. This effect prevents clogging of the conduits and maximizes the even distribution of effluent in the filter. A mesh fabric intercepts the downward flow of the effluent in the filter to further aid in the even distribution of effluent in the filter. Orifice shields also aid in such distribution by preventing clogging of orifices embedded in the filter media. A high pressure switch in the distribution manifold and a high water alarm in the filter pump basin indicate when required maintenance is necessary, and the switch controlling the high water alarm temporarily disables the septic tank pump as well.

Abstract: A system is provided for controlling the moisture content of a planted surface. The system includes a plurality of drain conduits located beneath the planted surface for collecting liquid from the planted surface. The system also includes a sealed collection tank coupled to the plurality of drain conduits. The collection tank is located beneath the planted surface to collect liquid passing through the plurality of drain conduits. The system also includes a vacuum pump coupled to the collection tank for removing air from the collection tank to provide a suction force in the collection tank and in the plurality of drain conduits to draw liquid from the planted surface through the plurality of drain conduits and into the collection tank. An elevated air tank is coupled between the vacuum pump and the collection tank. The elevated air tank is located at a remote location spaced apart from the collection tank.

Abstract: A waste water drainfield for a sewerage disposal system of the type comprising a plurality of conventional absorption trenches includes a distribution device at each absorption trench for separating waste water into two components of preselected proportions; at least one distribution pipe for each distribution device for temporarily storing a quantity of waste water and/or for distributing the waste water to its respective absorption trench; and distribution lines connecting the distribution devices in series, each distribution device delivering one of the components to its distribution pipes for temporary storage and distribution to its respective absorption trench, and delivering the other of the components to the next distribution device via a distribution line.

Abstract: A system for irrigating the roots of plants below the surface of the ground in which a narrow irrigation tube is connected at its upper end to a water distribution source. The irrigation tube extends below the surface of the ground from the water distribution source in generally vertical alignment with the stalk of the plant, and its lower end opens vertically downwardly below the roots of a plant, so that water may be discharged from the opening in the lower end in a downwardly direction. The soil in the planting site is broken up to a depth of at least five feet below ground surface.

Abstract: A snake cleanable fluid flow system is provided which incorporates a first fitting in the form of a clean-out pipe and a second fitting in the form of a baffled tee. The two fittings may be formed integrally. The clean-out pipe is in the form of a tee with the leg of the tee being divided by an interior partition into first and second fluid passageways. The crossbar of the tee is also longitudinally bisected by a partition to form second and third fluid passageways. The partitions are disposed at right angles to each other so that the first and second fluid passageways are in communication with both the third and fourth fluid passageways. A snake may be selectively directed down various paths formed by the four fluid passageways. The baffled tee fitting has a baffle which will divert a snake out either end of its crossbars.

Abstract: The improved hourglass worm gear which has been produced by grinding a blank for the worm gear by rotating a grinding wheel about a grinding wheel shaft A while turning the grinding wheel shaft A about a tool shaft A3 which extends in parallel with a wheel shaft A2 perpendicular to a worm shaft A1 is characterized in that a cross-sectional shape of the grinding wheel taken in a plane inclusive of the grinding wheel shaft A exhibits a circular arc.Since the cross-sectional shape of the grinding wheel for successively grinding a series of gear tooth surfaces on the hourglass worm gear is contoured in the form of a circular arc, the hourglass worm gear assures that a radius r of the circular arc has an increased degree of freedom and an ideal contact pattern can be obtained by properly adjusting the radius r.

Abstract: There is provided a new and useful irrigation and drainage method and apparatus, the apparatus comprising a pump for raising water via a well from a subsurface water table; a subsurface perforated piping network for distribution of water at a level between the level of the water table and the ground surface to create an artificial water table; and structure for connecting an outlet of the pump with an inlet of the piping network. Drainage piping may be provided connected to an outlet of the piping network.

Abstract: A drywell cover to cover a drywell and a drywell system employing the drywell and cover wherein the drywell cover comprises a base cover having a raised, central wall section such as a round cylinder and an open inner section and a plurality of at least three therein supporting rib elements on the top surface of the base cover and extending from the periphery of the base cover to the raised wall section.

Abstract: An agricultural irrigation system comprised of a plurality of unit pipes which constitute a water supply pipe line and another plurality of unit pipes which constitute a plurality water dispensing line each of whose respective pipe units are connected to respective center, valve/connectors which couple successive pipe units of the water supply pipe line.

Abstract: An improved water distribution system of the type that includes a distribution conduit and an irrifluent pipe disposed on or below ground for dispersing water at a controlled rate. A first pump connected to the distribution conduit passes the water through the main delivery conduit and through apertures in the irrifluent pipe. Solid matter collects within the irrifluent pipes when the dispersion of the water through apertures in the irrifluent pipes is at low pressure. The improvement includes a return conduit that is disposed in fluid communicating relation to the irrifluent pipe, and a second pump, connected in fluid flow relation to the return conduit. The second pump is operated intermittently with the first pump to increase the flow rate sufficiently to flush the collected solid matter from the irrifluent pipes and through the return conduit.

Abstract: A drywell cover to cover a drywell and a drywell system employing the drywell and cover wherein the drywell cover comprises a base cover having a raised, central wall section such as a round cylinder and an open inner section and a plurality of at least three therein supporting rib elements on the top surface of the base cover and extending from the periphery of the base cover to the raised wall section.

Abstract: An underground system for supplying water to and removing water from an athletic facility having a surface which is susceptible to excessive moisture and dryness. The system includes an array of pipes which are positioned within rectangularly cross sectioned trenches having substantially level bottoms. Water is supplied to and removed from the array of pipes by a water control system at ambient pressures. The system may be installed into existing athletic facilities without excessive damage or disruption to their surfaces.

Abstract: A composite drywell, a drywell system and method employing the composite drywell, which composite drywell comprises a cylindrical drywell having a removable top and bottom section, the drywell composed of a plurality of separate, edge-interlocked, arcuate sections which together form the cylindrical wall of the drywell, each arcuate section having a one side edge with a opening extending substantially the length of the side edge and the other side edge having a beaded side edge extending substantially the length of the arcuate section, the beaded edge of the arcuate section adapted to fit in an interlocking, receiving relationship into the other side edge opening of the adjacent arcuate section so as to have all arcuate sections interlocked to form a cylindrical drywell wall.

Abstract: An agricultural irrigation system comprised of a plurality of unit pipes which constitute a water supply pipe line and another plurality of unit pipes which constitute a water dispensing line each of whose respective pipe units are connected in series by one or more separate center, valve/connectors which couple successive pipe units of both the water supply pipe line and the water dispensing pipe line.

Abstract: A process for raising a sunken, in-ground sprinkler is provided. In the first step of this process, which is especially useful with pop-up sprinklers, the area around the top of the sprinkler is first cleared. Thereafter, the motor compartment structure and the rotatable sprinkler head are removed from the sprinkler housing. A circular sleeve adaptor is then attached to the sprinkler housing, and a threaded shaft is then attached to the adaptor. A support platform, with a hole in its middle, is then placed over the sprinkler, and one end of the threaded shaft is placed through the hole. A wing nut is then attached to the threaded shaft, and the rotation of the wing nut causes it to contact the top of the support platform, thereby raising the sprinkler assembly.

Abstract: The present invention is a self-contained residential and commercial treatment system which is capable of purifying waste water and then distributing the purified water by means of a sprinkler system or a drip feed irrigation system or of recycling the purified water in some manner.

Abstract: An improved drywell system and method of controlling the flow and distribution of surface water employing a drywell, the drywell including a cylindrical drywell adapted to be positioned beneath the ground, which drywell has at least one large diameter port in the cylindrical wall of the drywell to receive or discharge surface and a plurality of smaller diameter distribution ports, generally uniformly distributed about the cylindrical wall surface of the drywell and a removable bottom cover and a removable top cover, the small diameter distribution ports having a conical shape to receive tapered plugs, the plugs adapted to be easily removed or installed prior to use by selection of the plug so that the direction and distribution of the flow of surface water beneath the surface may be controlled.

Abstract: A connector apparatus for connecting a work object in fluid communication with a first conduit which has a wall having an orifice formed therein, the apparatus including a first portion mounting a locking member, a second portion having a channel formed therein and a second locking member engageable with the first locking member for securing the first and second portions together, the first conduit secured between the first and second portions and a second conduit slidably received in the channel and in the orifice, and the work object mounted in fluid communication therewith, the second conduit connecting the work object in fluid communication with the first conduit. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing an irrigation apparatus which includes the steps of determining the desired locations for sprinklers, making the conduit, marking the conduit so as to control positioning thereof and attaching connector apparatuses at the desired locations for the sprinklers.

Abstract: A pressure compensating flow rate control device includes a one-piece molded plastic body having an external surface with a recessed inlet port for receiving a fluid and a recessed outlet port for discharging a fluid. First and second passages are defined internally of the body and extend between the inlet and outlet ports to provide first and second internal fluid flow paths through the body from the inlet port to the outlet port. A flow regulating mechanism is disposed in a first chamber in the first passage for regulating fluid flow through the first flow path to provide a preset constant rate of fluid flow from the body at the outlet port and thereby define a controlled mode of operation of the device.

Abstract: A moisture control system for controlling the moisture level of subsoil adjacent the foundation of a building in which a supply pipe extends in the subsoil along an area adjacent the foundation and an accumulator pipe is disposed adjacent the supply pipe. A plurality of porous pipes are each connected between the supply pipe and the accumulator pipe and are adapted to allow seepage of water into the subsoil.

Abstract: A well point assembly is provided having an elongated flexible header pipe with a plurality of coupling joints attached thereto for attaching wellpoint assemblies. A flexible header pipe reel stores the flexible header pipe when not in use and allows the header pipe to be reeled off and positioned around an excavation site. A flexible wellpoint header pipe distribution reel is provided having a wheeled transport having at least two wheels. An axle has two wheels attached thereto and each wheel is rotably separate from the other wheel. The flexible wellpoint header pipe reel is mounted to the axle and rotable relative to the wheels. Reel handles are attached to the reel for rotating the reel relative to the wheel and flexible wellpoint header pipe is wrapped around the reel and is adapted to be reeled off responsive to rotation of the reel.

Abstract: An improved water distribution system characterized by a construction including an irrifluent pipe disposed below the soil surface for dispersing water or treated waste water at a controlled rate. The irrifluent pipe includes an inner fluid conduit having apertures formed therethrough and an outer cover mounted in partially surrounding relation to the inner conduit and overlying the apertures. The outer cover is attached to the inner fluid conduit in spaced apart relation thereto so that the dispersed fluid slowly seeps into the ground.

Abstract: An erosion control system is disclosed which includes a seawall for protecting dunes or bluffs located adjacent a body of water. The seaward side of the seawall is notched or concave to direct incoming waves upwardly and outwardly, away from the base of the seawall and the bluff. The landward side is also notched or concave. This side is backfilled with soil which acts on the back surfaces of the seawall to lock the seawall into place. The erosion control system also includes a drain field that is installed below the bluff, behind the seawall. The drain field is in communication with the body of water via pipes extending through the seawall. The drain removes water from the bluff, thus decreasing the hydrostatic pressures within the bluff. This stabilizes the bluff itself and the seawall by decreasing the forces associated with hydrostatic pressure.

Abstract: A fluid distribution system for a vessel comprises a fluid supply main conduit and a plurality of parallel co-planar branch pipes, the branch pipes having terminal orifices equidistantly spaced from the inner wall of the vessel by about half the distance between consecutive adjacent orifices along each branch pipe.

Abstract: A field crop treatment system, characterized by a first treatment pipe submerged under the root system of growing field crops, and a second drain pipe submerged under the treatment pipe. The system is connected in such a manner that it can operate in several modes. Among the modes are a drainage mode wherein both pipes drain the water from a wet field; and an irrigation mode wherein the top pipe is used to irrigate at the underground level. In addition, the system may be used in various modes between complete drainage and complete irrigation to allow underground application of chemicals, herbicides and the like.

Abstract: The invention deals with means for producing a manifold for a strutted film. In particular, the connection of a plastic tubular conduit to a strutted film to form a fluid tight communication between the strut passageway and the interior of the conduit is disclosed. The present method is especially advantageous where the struts of the strutted film, as a result of their method of manufacture, are not readily heat sealable. Where necessary, the method may also be applied to provide a manifold for a group of individual tubes.

Abstract: A furrowed irrigated field is diked and water is applied to the furrows. The water is prevented from running down the furrows by the dikes and therefore stays in the approximate location where applied. The water is applied to the furrows from an elevated pipe at right angles to the furrows. The pipe moves along the furrows. At each furrow to be irrigated, a drop pipe extends downward, terminating a short distance above the ground. A sock or flexible drop hose is attached to the end of the drop pipe. The hose drags along the ground so that there is a minimum of erosion to the soil or evaporation of the applied water.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to dump sites for chemical and toxic wastes which avoid the usual problems of chemical pollution of ground water, streams and rivers. Use is made of impacted reinforced concrete tongue and groove sections in sealed relation to the upper surface of a naturally occurring aquaclude which define an enclosed area. Within the enclosed area there are provided a plurality of vertically positioned columns of sand which serve as wicks for collecting liquids. The wicks communicate at the upper ends thereof with gravel windrows leading to a collection pit from which liquids are pumped off for refining and/or recirculation to a chemical plant.

Abstract: An improved fluid control gate for selective insertion through a wall such as a flexible irrigation tube to a pressurized fluid medium such as water under gravity feed. The fluid control gate having a hollow extender mounted through and to the wall for the fluid to flow therethrough, a mating nut for engaging the area of the wall around the extender to the circumference of the extender in order to form a fluid seal therebetween, a formed passageway through the mating nut, and a triangular shaped pivotal plate for selectively reducing the flow of the fluid through the hollow passageway.

Abstract: The present invention constitutes an improved subsurface irrigation and drainage apparatus and system for its use that includes at least one main pipe or line arranged to receive a water flow therein that can include a water born fertilizer and, optionally, the main pipe or line can incorporate a fan or like arrangement for injecting an air-flow therein and, as required, an airborn fertilizer. The main line preferably includes spaced cross-pieces that are joined to lateral lines or laterals and may incorporate sleeves therewith, which main line, laterals, and sleeves may contain weirs for maintaining a desired water head therebehind as appropriate, and may include slots, holes or like openings formed therein above and/or below a water line therein.

Abstract: This invention relates to drainage by use of elongated strips of such a physical structure that they allow an exchange of fluids between their core and the medium in which they are placed. The drainage strips are used by vertically placing them in wet soils to evacuate water contained in said soils by use of a pressure differential exerted upon the water due to the pressure of the soil layer over the atmospheric pressure in the interstices of the drainage structure.

Abstract: An irrigation and drainage system for cultivated fields, croplands and the like for supplying and extracting water and similar liquids through a subsurface conduit network automatically responsive to the ground water table occurring above or below a predetermined subsurface reference level near the depth of the conduit network. A plurality of elongated subsurface perforated conduit lines are located throughout the field at a uniform depth below ground along one or more ground elevation contour line or lines for outflow or inflow of water through the conduit line perforations when the ground water level is respectively below and above the predetermined subsurface reference level. Distribution boxes having an adjustable weir and supply water and excess water connections are provided for the conduit lines at each elevation.

Abstract: An outlet fitting construction for thin-walled, flexible plastic tubing for fluid distribution systems. The outlet fitting includes first and second outlet members that in the preferred embodiment are threadedly engaged and have aligned axial passageways. One outlet member is provided with an annular rim with a riding surface that facilitates insertion of the outlet fitting into an aperture in the flexible surface irrigation tubing. In an alternative embodiment a tube piercing member is provided that is engaged with the outlet members so that the outlet fitting may be inserted into a tube which does not have pre-existing apertures.

Abstract: Irrigation apparatus comprising first and second layers of sheet material, at least one of the first and second layers being configured in relief and the first and second layers being bonded together at touching surfaces such that the bonding of the touching surfaces defines a liquid conduit, at least one pressure reducing path associated therewith and an exit port from each of the at least one pressure reducing paths.