Abstract: The cutting edges (16) of a 3-toothed countersink bit (10) lead slightly in the direction of rotation by an amount (t). The rear face (38) of the head (40) of a detachable pilot (30) is concave so as to fit snugly over the forward end of the bit (10). Lubricant is supplied via a bore (28), flats (44) on the pilot shank (32), a chamber (42) at the mesal end of the shank (32) and notches (46) in the tip of the bit to the spaces between the teeth (14).

Abstract: A tool chuck assembly comprising a collet having a bore for supporting a tool, a collet holder having a portion circumscribing the collet, a tension nut cooperatively associated with the collet holder to mount and dismount a tool means defining a coolant channel in the collet holder, a sealing element mounted in the collet having a first peripheral sealing surface (8) engaging the inner wall of the collet holder to form a seal behind the collet and a second peripheral sealing surface engagably with the outer periphery of the tool to form a seal therewith.

Abstract: A cutting insert having a conical flank surface tapering inwardly from a medial plane to a cutting edge and a mounting surface tapering inwardly from the medial plane to a mounting end. Two connecting channel means are provided in the flank surface and the mounting surface and the channel means have a first end spaced intermediate the medial plane and the cutting edge and a second end spaced intermediate the medial plane and the mounting end.

Abstract: A fast tool change holder is provided for holding a tool adapter onto an internally delivered coolant spindle. The holder comprises an expandable split collet which can be inserted into the tool adapter and expanded in order to hold the adapter onto the spindle. The split collet has an expandable bladder therein which receives a coolant fluid from the spindle and expands under the pressure of the coolant fluid radially outwardly for expanding the split collet. The bladder enables the coolant fluid to assist mechanical and centrifugal forces associated with the split collet to hold the tool adapter onto the spindle.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool includes a body having a cutting portion and an axis of rotation therethrough. The body has a plurality of helical flutes formed in a circumferential surface of the cutting portion in circumferentially spaced relation to one another and extending helically axially of the cutting portion so as to define a plurality of helical lands of a generally uniform land width spaced circumferentially of the cutting portion from one another. The body has a plurality of helical peripheral cutting edges each defined by a portion of an inner surface of a respective one of the helical flutes facing in a direction of rotation of the body and a surface of the land adjacent to the portion of the inner surface. At least one of the peripheral cutting edges has a helix angle different from helix angles of the other peripheral cutting edges. The peripheral cutting edges are equally spaced circumferentially of the body in at least one plane disposed perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of the body.

Abstract: The present invention is a tool assembly comprising a tool block and a tool holder capable of delivering chip-breaking fluid to the tool holder without a fixed attachment to the tool holder. The tool block is formed with a tool shank cavity having a tool support surface. The tool holder includes a shank insertable into the tool shank cavity of the tool block. A fluid delivery passage is formed in the tool block which terminate in an outlet opening. A primary fluid passage is formed in the tool holder and terminates in a discharge orifice positioned to direct a fluid jet at the chip being removed from the workpiece. A fluid path provides a path for the flow of chip-breaking fluid from the outlet of the delivery passage to the inlet of the primary fluid passage throughout the entire range of relative movement between the tool block and holder.

Abstract: A method and device for lubricating a workpiece-machine tool interface during a machining operation in which the temperature of lubricant atomized within a stream of air is substantially reduced. The preferred embodiment utilizes a vortex tube to accomplish the cooling and thereby provides an extremely simple device that greatly reduces the amount of heat generated in a machining operation. Reduced heat production decreases the temperatures to which both the workpiece and machine tool are subjected. Lower temperatures serve to extend the machine tool's service life while preserving the workpiece's metallurgy and consequently allows for increased machining rates.

Abstract: An apparatus for boring a laminated plate includes a table having a first surface on which a laminated plate may be placed for boring and an opposing second surface, the table defining at least one passage therethrough; a supporting pad for urging a laminated plate to be bored towards the first surface of the table; and a cutter for boring a laminated plate to be bored, the cutter operable to bore in a direction generally opposite to the direction that the supporting pad urges and through the passage defined by the table. Further according to the present invention, the cutter includes a knife edge, a pivotal mechanism adapted to be pivoted about its axial center line, and a stepping mechanism for moving the knife edge in one direction and unsuccessively further in a second direction so that successively deeper boring may be performed.

Abstract: A cutting-tool cartridge arrangement for rotary cutting tools in which the cutting-tool cartridge assembly is mountable in an aperture in the cutting-tool body member. The cartridge assembly has an annular split bushing for insertion into the tool body aperture, has internal threads and a slot in the wall to provide a pair of opposed surfaces resiliently movable towards and away from each other. A set screw aperture is provided in the tool body member. The stud seat is threaded into the split bushing. The stud seat has a cutting insert end having matching walls that match the wall configuration of the mounting walls of a frustum cutting insert. A clamping nut threadingly engages the stud seat threaded walls at the cutting insert end thereof and has internal walls configured to match the cutting inserts flank surface. Tightening the clamping nut on the stud seat clamps the frustum cutting insert therebetween.

Abstract: An hydraulic chip breaking tool holder is provided with a fluid coupler and seal assembly for transferring high pressure, chip breaking fluid from an outlet opening of the main body of the tool holder to an inlet opening of an attached nozzle cap. A coupler in the form of a dowel is interconnected between the openings. At least one of the openings includes a seal cavity having an outer wall. The dowel is inserted through the seal cavity. A deformable pressure sensitive seal is disposed within the seal cavity and extends around the dowel. The pressure of fluid passing through the tool holder causes the seal to radially expand and seal the area between the dowel and the outer wall of the seal cavity, thereby preventing fluid from escaping pst the seal.

Abstract: A rotary tool for outer working of rotation-symmetrical workpieces has a cutting head formed as a hollow body having a side wall and a groove, a cutting device arranged in the groove of the side wall, and a guide for a workpiece, provided at an inner side of the cutting head at least in the region of the cutting device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for machining a workpiece with an insert in which a main conduit, such as a pipe, transmits a high velocity stream of water toward a discharge orifice formed in the main conduit. A branch conduit, connected to a source of liquid carbon dioxide, is connected to the main conduit upstream from its discharge orifice and introduces the liquid carbon dioxide into the main conduit for combination with the high velocity stream of water. The pressure within the main conduit is less than that required to maintain the carbon dioxide in liquid phase which causes the liquid carbon dioxide to vaporize and convert the water stream into a high velocity stream including low temperature particles of ice. The ice particles are ejected from the discharge orifice of the main conduit toward the insert where they are converted to a vapor which impacts the workpiece to shear material therefrom in minute particles.

Abstract: A chuck for a cylindrical rotary metal cutting tool, such as an end mill, is provided with a liquid coolant system. The chuck is constructed to direct cooling liquid onto a cutting tool secured in an axial bore defined therein with a plurality of converging liquid streams directed at the tool. The chuck is constructed with alternative passageways. Liquid coolant may be directed along a central, axial cooling liquid passageway remote from a transverse end face of the chuck. Liquid may pass radially outwardly therefrom through radial bores and into intersecting longitudinal cooling liquid distribution ducts which are inclined toward the axis of the tool holder and which terminate in outlet ports in the end face. The radial bores are plugged at locations radially outwardly from the intersection of the ducts with the radial bores.

Abstract: Liquid coolant is directed across the rake surface of a tool bit while machining a material which tends to form a continuous chip. The pressure and volume are sufficient to impact the chip and break it up into small fragments. Pressures of 1400 kPa (200 psi) and higher are used while machining titanium and nickel alloys.

Abstract: A rotatable coolant supply shank, and cutting tool incorporating such shank, provided with a coolant inlet, for alignment with a ring bore, extending inwardly from the peripheral surface of the shank for positively pulling coolant towards the shank axis when the shank is coupled to the cutting tool and rotated while coolant is being supplied to the inlet from the ring bore.

Abstract: An apparatus, operating automatically, for developing a very fine finish on a disk surface which includes a cylindrical toolbit whose cutting edge can be accurately and frequently or automatically rotated so that an unused length of edge can be presented to maintain sharpness and whose shape is amenable to cutting the disk surface on a first pass and burnishing on the staggered return pass and wherein lubricant is fed through a hole in the center of the toolbit to a point between the chip and toolbit surface for the purpose of developing the fine finish together with a turntable for automatically feeding disks to the toolbit to be machined and then withdrawing the disk and storing it.

Abstract: A self-contained system for applying a viscous tapping fluid to a tapping tool at a machining work site independent of any other cutting fluid system. A supply tank, control cabinet and an air actuating nozzle are interconnected to supply the tapping fluid for a timed period initiated by a limit switch, NC signal or manual command for ready adaptation to equipment ranging from a machining center to dedicated tapping work stations.

Abstract: A coolant and lubricant is supplied to the cutter head through the shank of a reamer. For this purpose an axial channel extends through the reamer shank and encloses in its front part a conical screw used for adjusting the cutter head and whose threaded shank has at least one longitudinal slot, so that the coolant and lubricant passes through the threaded shank into a ring channel in the front region of the reamer. The coolant and lubricant flows from said ring channel via outlet channels between the cutters. The outlet channels slope outwards in the direction of the leading edge of the cutters, so that an optimum cooling and lubrication of the latter is obtained.

Abstract: A tool holder which is convertible to perform a variety of machining operations such as threading, turning and grooving comprises a support bar formed with a cavity which receives a mounting block having a seat adapted to support an insert so that the top surface of the insert is exposed and its cutting edge extends outwardly from the seat. The insert is clamped within the seat by a clamping block, which is secured atop the insert by a machine screw. The top edge of the clamping block is formed with a beveled bearing surface which engages the head of the machine screw so that forces are applied to the clamping block upon tightening of the screw which urge the insert downwardly, rearwardly and inwardly against the walls of the mounting block seat.

Abstract: A conical cutting insert. The insert is comprised of a body member with first and second end sections oppositely disposed from a median plane. One or both of the end sections may be provided with a cutting edge. The cutting edge is formed by the intersection of an interior outwardly tapered cutting surface and an exterior inwardly tapered flank surface. The cutting surface may be frustro-conical or one or more planar surfaces. The flank surface may be frustro-conical or one or more planar surfaces. Where planar surfaces are utilized, the cutting edges are linear. Where frustro-conical surfaces are utilized, the cutting edge is circular. A plurality of coolant flow orifices are provided to allow the flow of coolant on one or both of the flank surface and cutting surface. Chip flow grooves may be provided on the cutting surface to guide and/or break chips during the cutting operation. Lobes may be provided on the flank surface to provide a constant flank angle during the cutting operation.

Abstract: A drill bit, particularly for cutting deep holes in hard materials, includes a tubular shank with a solid center and diametrically opposed coolant conduits which supply coolant to a tungsten carbide tip located on one end of the tubular shank. Swarf and debris are carried by the coolant away from the cutting area and along swarf clearance channels located along the exterior of the shank tube out of the borehole. The carbide tip is brazed to the tubular shank and is formed with a pair of angularly spaced tubular chambers which communicate with the coolant conduits in the shank. One cutting edge is provided on top of each chamber in the tip. A coolant hole is formed at the top of each tubular chamber, behind the cutting edge. The coolant which emerges from the tip flows to the space between the tubular chambers and carries with it the swarf along the swarf clearance channels defined by the shank out of the borehole.

Abstract: The invention is a rotary selectively directional valve assembly for use in an automated turret lathe for directing a stream of high pressure liquid machining coolant to the interface of a machine tool and workpiece for breaking up ribbon-shaped chips during the formation thereof so as to inhibit scratching or other marring of the machined surfaces by these ribbon-shaped chips. The valve assembly is provided by a manifold arrangement having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart ports each coupled to a machine tool. The manifold is rotatable with the turret when the turret is positioned for alignment of a machine tool in a machining relationship with the workpiece. The manifold is connected to a non-rotational header having a single passageway therethrough which conveys the high pressure coolant to only the port in the manifold which is in registry with the tool disposed in a working relationship with the workpiece.

Abstract: This spade drill has an elongated holder with a standard driving configuration at one end, and adapted at the axially opposite end to receive a carrier block provided with receptacles for receiving indexable standard cutting inserts of extremely hard alloy.

Abstract: A rotatable cylindrical extension member, and cutting tool incorporating such extension member, provided with a coolant inlet, for alignment with a ring bore, extending inwardly from the peripheral surface of the extension member for directing coolant towards the axis of the extension member when it is coupled to the cutting tool and rotated while coolant is being supplied to the inlet from the ring bore.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for machining a workpiece such with an insert having a surface terminating with a cutting edge includes a tool holder adapted to mount the insert, which is formed with coolant delivery passageways terminating in a discharge orifice lying atop the exposed surface of the insert for ejecting high velocity coolant across the insert and beneath the chips formed from the workpiece. The discharge orifice of the tool holder is spaced within a critical range from the cutting edge of the insert clamped therein. The coolant is ejected from the discharge orifice at a velocity within a critical range and the tool holder is advanced in the cut at a feed rate within a critical range in practicing the method of this invention.

Abstract: A conical cutting insert. The insert is comprised of a body member with first and second end sections oppositely disposed from a median plane. One or both of the end sections may be provided with a cutting edge. The cutting edge is formed by the intersection of an interior outwardly tapered cutting surface and an exterior inwardly tapered flank surface. The cutting surface may be frustro-conical or one or more planar surfaces. The flank surface may be frustro-conical or one or more planar surfaces. Where planar surfaces are utilized, the cutting edges are linear. Where frustro-conical surfaces are utilized, the cutting edge is circular. A plurality of coolant flow orifices are provided to allow the flow of coolant on one or both of the flank surface and cutting surface. Chip flow grooves may be provided on the cutting surface to guide and/or break chips during the cutting operation. Lobes may be provided on the flank surface to provide a constant flank angle during the cutting operation.

Abstract: A tool holder assembly which comprises a tool holder adapted to be connected with a machine spindle for rotation together therewith, a stationary support member for rotatably supporting the tool holder and adapted to be connected to a fixed portion of the machine, a fluid supply circuit defined in the tool holder for the supply of a cutting fluid from an external source thereof towards a fluid discharge passage defined in a machine tool replaceably carried by the tool holder, and a vane-type displacement pump for forcibly pumping the cutting fluid from the fluid supply circuit to the fluid discharge passage in the machine tool for pouring the cutting fluid onto the workpiece being machined by the cutting tool. The displacement pump has its rotor constituted by a portion of the tool holder, and a pump casing constituted by a portion of the stationary support member.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for reducing the oxygen concentration at the interface between a cutting tool and a relatively rotating metal workpiece. The apparatus comprises (a) a supporting means for holding the cutting tool in a predetermined position relative to the workpiece, and (b) means effective to direct a plurality of discrete flows of inert gas between the cutting tool and workpiece in a manner to substantially reduce the oxygen concentration in the zone to a predetermined level. The method comprises (a) directing a first stream of inert gas closely adjacent the interface, and (b) directing a second stream of inert gas to at least partially surround the first stream.

Abstract: A hot metal-working tool 10 using electrical resistance heating. Metal-working tool 10 comprises seat 12, cutting insert 14 and chipbreaker 16. Electrical current source 35 provides current which flows between metal working edge 30 of insert 14 and the shear zone 80 of a workpiece 72 during the machine operation. Cutting insert 14 comprises two structural components, one of which 26, contacts chip 82 thereby providing a second path for current flow between tool 10 and shear zone 80. Shear zone 80 may thus be heated by current not passing through metal-working edge 30. The invention also provides for the flow of coolant fluid through internal passages in tool 10. The coolant fluid removes heat from metal working region 28 and is then discharged to bathe the region proximate metal working edge 30.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for supplying a fluid coolant to a tool designed for drilling a hole in a workpiece, wherein a first coolant flow is supplied under pressure in a pulsating flow to the tip of the drill by a first pump with a second and booster coolant flow being supplied in a pulsating flow and under considerably greater pressure than the first flow. The second fluid flow is initiated in response to the build-up of back pressure to the first fluid flow to thereby flush away chips impacted on the drill causing such back pressure. The second fluid flow is terminated in response to the drop of back pressure to the first fluid flow.

Abstract: In the machining of composite material, improved rates of material removal and reduced machine tool wear are achieved by a cutting fluid comprising the binder of said composite in an uncured state.

Abstract: A tool pot cleaning system for use by installing in a tool magazine of an automatic tool exchanger in machine tool. The tool pot cleaning system, installed in a tool magazine, equipped with a number of tool pots supported radically with an angle of elevation along the outer circumference of said tool magazine, comprises an air connection port disposed at the inside of the tool cradle and an air passage formed in the base of the tool pot. When the tool pot is tilted for exchanging tools, the air passage is channeled through to the said air connection port and the air jets into the tool pot to perform the cleaning of the inside of the tool pot.

Abstract: A coolant flow control system for milling tools is disclosed. The flow control system is characterized by a flow guide plate that is adapted to be secured to the central base portion of a milling tool to guide coolant provided from a center-feed coolant system towards the cutting inserts of the milling tool.

Abstract: A cutting tool for machine tools which has a coolant pipe within the clamp holder, a covering over at least a portion of the clamp holder with a space between the clamp holder and the covering, and coolant outlet holes from the pipe to the space. This provides efficient cooling of the cutting tool without allowing the coolant to come into direct contact with the cutting plate.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool having a cylindrical body with a plurality of flutes and a cutting tool insert mounted at the end of each flute adjacent the body cutting portion end face. The cutting inserts are mounted so that insert first cutting edges are spaced slightly axially outward of the tool body and extend at least generally radially thereof. A coolant flow passage extends coaxially through the body and includes radial branches communicating with the inserts. Preferably, the coolant flow passage is open at the body cutting portion end face and the branches comprise grooved areas in the end face. Each insert includes a coolant flow channel therein extending adjacent to and coextensive with the first cutting edge. An entrance area for these channels communicates with an associated one of the branches. In the preferred arrangement, each insert includes first and second cutting edges with the second cutting edges being slightly spaced radially outward of the cutting tool body.

Abstract: A device for transferring fluid to a rotating unit (11), for example a cutting tool, having a housing (10) mounted on the rotating unit (11) and comprising an inner ring (21) and an outer ring (22). For purposes of decreasing the demand for close tolerance on fit between the inner ring (21) and the rotating unit (11) a connecting means (26) is adapted to non-rotatably attach the inner ring (21) to the rotating unit (11) and is provided with a through-flow passage (27) which interconnects passages (23, 24, 25) in the inner ring (21) and the outer ring (22) communicating with a fluid source with a passage (19) in the rotating unit (11).

Abstract: Coolant is supplied through a main delivery line and a conduit bored in the toolholder by coolant pumps. The coolant then enters into a ring having two opposite ball jets from which it is simultaneously conveyed in two concentrated streams on to both the grooves of the twist drill. Each of the streams of the coolant is directed at the respective beginning portions of the grooves. The ring is rotatably set up on the toolholder and is adjustable in the required position. The ball jets are swingable and securable in the required position in the ring by retaining screws.

Abstract: The disclosed cutting-tool comprises a stepped-diameter arbor with bearings supporting rotatably thereon a holder carrying the cup-shaped cutting bit. In accordance with the invention, the holder is made up of a hollow shaft and a sleeve encompassing this shaft. The sleeve is journalled adjacent to the cutting bit in one of the bearings located about the stepped-diameter arbor, said arbor having a central bore. The other bearing is accommodated within the central-bore and supports the hollow shaft likewise accommodated in the central bore of the arbor. Owing to the disclosed structure of the holder and its interconnection with the stepped-diameter arbor, sufficient rigidity of the cutting-tool, matched by its compact size is ensured.

Abstract: The herein-proposed method of cutting solids of revolution by a rotary tool having circular cutting lip resides in that the tool is imparted feed motion, while its rotation results from the interaction of said tool with the rotating workpiece being machined. Prior to bringing the tool in contact with the surface being machined the tool is imparted a positive rotation at a speed differing by not more than 20 percent from the tool working speed, in the same direction as the tool working motion. The rotary tool for carrying said method into effect is shaped as a solid of revolution having a circular cutting lip and held on a spindle provided with a through center bore for the stream of coolant to feed therethrough, the screw-type wind turbine being provided in said spindle bore.

Abstract: A coolant system for a machine tool is disclosed. Sockets on the machine tool are equipped with check valves biased to a closed position. When a tool is inserted into a socket, an actuating member opens the check valve to enable coolant to flow through a conduit in the tool to the cutting edge of the tool. Tools whose cutting edges do not require coolant are not equipped with the actuating member. In addition, a distributor is provided for use in the coolant system of a machine tool having a turret. The distributor is mounted on the turret and is coaxial with the axis of rotation of the turret. Coolant is piped into the center of a distributing member having an outlet on a cylindrical side surface. A receiving member has a cylindrical chamber in which the distributing member is rotatably disposed. The receiving member has a plurality of radially disposed passages which lead from the receiving member to the tool receiving sockets on the turret.

Abstract: A lubricator for an automatic riveter positions an absorbent pad containing a liquid lubricant in the path of the riveter's drill bit when the bit is being moved laterally. The absorbent pad is resiliently held to ensure contact between the pad and the drill bit. When drilling only, the pad is mounted at an angle to a cylinder and is driven back and forth by the cylinder to contact the drill bit and transfer lubricant.

Abstract: Liquid coolant and lubricant is intermittently pressure fed through a hollow drill stem to the tip of a drill, preferably a spade drill, against the workpiece by compressed air from the conventional machine shop air line which is fed over and released from a column of the liquid coolant and lubricant at selected frequencies and for selected durations without the use of motors, pumps, or other propelling devices. A pair of manually adjusted controls select the frequency of intermittent coolant feed and the length of feed duration within the selected frequency to maintain desired operating temperatures at the drill tip while effectively flushing out chips cut from the workpiece.

Abstract: A gun drill for forming a hole in a metal workpiece consisting of a generally cylindrical body having a shank portion and a tip portion. The body has a longitudinally extending groove formed in its outer surface which extends the full length of the tip portion, and the terminal end of the tip portion has a single cutting edge which extends radially through the axis of the tip portion adjacent the terminal end of the groove. The tip portion is formed intermediate its ends with a wall section located to one side of the groove and in substantial alignment with the cutting edge in a direction longitudinally of the body. A pair of fluid passages are formed in the body, one terminating at the wall section in an orifice directed toward the cutting edge, and the other terminating in an orifice located in the terminal end of the tip portion in a spaced relation with the cutting edge.

Abstract: A single flute drill having a single, replaceable cutting insert which can drill from the solid, as well as being used for other single point machining operatings such as turning, internal and external diameter boring, contouring and facing. The insert is configured and related to the drill body so as to provide a single, radially extending cutting edge which has an effective neutral rake and negative lead. A specific insert structure is also provided for use in the drill. The disclosed insert comprises a solid body having parallel upper and lower faces each generally in the shape of an equilateral parallelogram and joined along their peripheral edges by side walls. One cutting edge is formed along the juncture of one side wall and the upper face and is inclined along its length toward the lower face. A second cutting edge is formed along the juncture of the lower face and a second side wall which intersects the first side wall at a corner.

Abstract: A drill comprising a shank and an elongate body with an axial slot near one end thereof. A generally hexagonal insert of sintered tungsten carbide or high speed steel is placed in the slot and received in a V-shaped seat formed in the bottom of the slot. A cross-screw extends through a hole in the insert and serves to clamp the slot closed upon opposite sides of the insert. In a preferred embodiment a passage extends axially through the drill body, and the insert seats in a separable anvil which is located by means of a tang registering in the axial passage.