Abstract: Disclosed is a method for machining the bearing seats (HL, PL) of shafts (1), especially crankshafts. According to said method, the bearing seats (HL, PL) are subjected to the following machining operations after initially shaping a shaft (1) in a forging or casting process: the bearing seats (HL, PL) are preformed by cutting the same using a specific cutting edge; they are hardened; they are passed through dressing rollers; they are subjected to a preliminary rotary milling process; and they are subjected to a final rotary milling process. The preliminary and the final rotary milling process are carried out during substantially an entire rotation of the shaft (1) without longitudinally or tangentially advancing the milling cutter (12).

Abstract: Efficient plunge cutting work in which the tool body moves forward and backward in the axial direction to cut the wall face of a workpiece at high feed-speed, is possible even in the cutting process with backward motions. The tool body 1 has a cylindrical shape with an axis O as its center axis, and provides the insert pocket 3 in the outer periphery close to the tip. The cutting insert 10 is detachably attached in the insert pocket 3. Then, by rotating the tool body 1 and by feeding it along the axis O, the cutting insert 10 cuts the wall face of a workpiece. Furthermore, the insert pocket includes a bottom face which faces the tool rotational direction and, wall faces 3B, 3C and 3D which extend from the bottom face toward the tool rotational direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for shaving the inside of barrels. In particular, the present invention relates to reconditioning used wine barrels by shaving the inside surface to a predetermined depth, ready for re-crozering, toasting, and re-use. Conventional shaving methods typically involve routing the internal surface by hand, but this technique is problematic in that it is a very slow process, the quality of the wood is often adversely affected, and there is no way of ensuring that the surface will be shaved to the same depth across the entire surface. Therefore, the resultant internal dimensions of the barrel are not reflective, relatively, of the original barrel surface. The apparatus of the present invention includes a scanning device adapted to scan the internal dimensions of the barrel, and a cutting device adapted to shave the internal surface to a predetermined depth relative to the scanned internal dimensions.

Abstract: An exemplary method for marking molds, the method comprising, configuring a milling machine to operate with a diamond coated bit having an angle of approximately 60 degrees, and engraving a unique identifier on a bottom surface of a borosilicate glass injection molded soldering mold with the milling machine.

Abstract: In a milling method for producing a structural component from a raw material by chip-cutting, a milling tool is moved along at least one defined tool path for the milling. In addition to the at least one tool path, at least one collision contour is also defined. The position or orientation of the milling tool relative to the collision contour(s) is monitored. The position or orientation of the milling tool is changed and/or an error message is generated if at least one of the collision contours is damaged, i.e. intersected, by the milling tool.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool is provided for cutting an opening in a sheet of material (e.g., drywall) around a pre-installed item (e.g., an electrical box). The cutting tool may include a shaft, at least one cutter, a guide tip and a shoulder formed by a lower edge of the cutter adjacent the guide tip. The shoulder may have a width that corresponds to the width of a wall of the pre-installed item. The width of the shoulder may be equal to the width of the wall, or it may be slightly greater than the width of the wall. The guide tip may include a bearing to prevent marring of the wall of the item when the guide tip is rotating and in contact with the wall. An adjustable collar and corresponding bearing may also be disposed around the shaft for controlling a preferred cutting depth of the cutter. The cutting tool may be engaged with any suitable rotary tool, including one having an adjustable table for controlling a preferred cutting depth of the cutter.

Abstract: A method for making a prism sheet includes: providing a cutting device comprising a cutter, a table plate, and a control unit, the table plate controlled to move up and down by the control unit, and the cutter having a blade rotatable; providing a mold insert preform on the table plate, the mold insert preform having a flat surface; moving the cutter to etch the flat surface of the mold insert preform along a first direction, and simultaneously driving the table plate to move up and down by the control unit in a first predetermined manner to form first elongated depressions in the flat surface; moving the cutter to etch the flat surface of the mold insert preform along a second direction to form second elongated depressions in the flat surface, thereby forming a mold insert; using the mold insert to form the prism sheet by injection molding method.

Abstract: A machining apparatus, in which a plurality of user set programs in relation to one axis is written and the amount of the infeed motion of the grinding wheel is increased to restrain the change of the load of the grinding wheel, improves a machining accuracy and achieve a longer life of the grinding wheel.

Abstract: A rotary cutter lifting apparatus comprising a table plate having an opening and an upper surface, a carriage disposed beneath the table plate and adapted for supporting the rotary cutter, and an adjustment mechanism positioned entirely below the table plate upper surface and operable through the opening. A method of operating a rotary cutter lifting apparatus comprising the steps of positioning the rotary cutter lifting apparatus having a carriage and an adjustment mechanism entirely below a table plate upper surface having an opening, and operating the adjustment mechanism through the opening.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an optical component or a molding die for the optical component, the method comprising the steps of: cutting a surface of a work with a tool by rotating the tool around its axis with a cutting edge facing outward and moving in a circle to cut the work surface at a point of the circle while relatively moving the tool and the work in a line direction crossing to the axis of the tool at a predetermined feed speed; and cutting the work surface in a next line after relatively moving the tool and the work in a pitch direction perpendicular to the line direction by a pick feeding distance in such a condition that: tool rotation speed (S): 10000 to 30000 rpm; feed speed (F): 300 to 2000 mm/min; rotating radius (D) of a cutting edge of a tool: 5 to 15 mm; pick feeding distance (f): 0.01 to 0.04 mm; nose radius (r) of a cutting edge of a tool: 5 to 20 mm. The method allows to form a surface of a work into a free-form surface having a surface roughness of approximately 10 nm or less.

Abstract: A processing method of a semi-processed product for obtaining a rotor equipped with a series of blades integral therewith by using a rotating tool such as a cutter, integral or with inserts. The processing method includes a) forming a hole into the semi-processed product; b) forming a series of cavities in the semi-processed product by removing material with the rotating tool to create the series of blades, starting from the hole and following predetermined paths; and c) removing material from the semi-processed product by advancing the rotating tool along its rotation axis and not removing material when the rotating tool advances along the predetermined paths. The rotation axis of the rotating tool is misaligned with respect to an axis of the hole.

Abstract: A milling head for a milling device, particularly a rotary milling device, wherein the milling head is capable of imparting a desired finish on a tube, preferably of a heat exchanger tube. The milling head includes one or more milling elements capable of cutting and/or removing heat dissipating elements connected to an outer surface of the tube. The heat dissipating elements are removed from the tube in a longitudinal direction along the tube length. In one embodiment, the milling head also includes a bevel milling element. Methods for milling a tube having heat dissipating elements are also described.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of milling ball races which are of an approximately elliptical profile which has a first semi-axis extending substantially perpendicularly to the base of the ball race and a second semi-axis extending perpendicularly to the first semi-axis and perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the ball race, wherein a side milling cutter is used to produce the ball race, the peripheral cutting edges of which produce the elliptical profile of the ball race, wherein the cutting edges of the side milling cutter in a section containing the axis of the milling cutter are also of an elliptical profile whose first semi-axis extends perpendicularly to the milling cutter axis and whose second semi-axis extends parallel to the milling cutter axis.

Abstract: A mobile device for simultaneously cutting and chamfering a pipe is provided having a frame, at least one pipe collet-clamp attached to the frame and defining a principal axis, a split carriage rotatably mounted with respect to the frame about the axis and adjacent to the clamp(s), a router affixed to the split carriage and having a cutting-chamfering bit, and a drive motor for rotating the carriage. The router orbits around the pipe and simultaneously cuts it into two chamfered pipes. A method is also provided for cutting through a pipe and chamfering the cut ends thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a turbine wheel (7) for a gas operated medical, in particular dental-medical, handpiece (3), having a plurality of blades (2) which extend in radial direction from a hub (7c) and extend in axial direction from a side ring web (29) of the turbine wheel (7), and the front side (22a) of which is substantially concavely curved about an approximately radially running first axis of curvature (23). In order to increase the drive power or to better exploit the drive power the rear side (22b) of the blades (22) has at least in an axial end region an inclination surface (35) which is inclined in the axial direction towards the front side (22a).

Abstract: A method and a tool head are provided for the chip-removingly machining of pairwise symmetrical, optically effective surfaces, in particular of surfaces of progressive power spectacle lenses. The spectacle lenses are rotated about a first axis and are displaced along the axis. Further, a chip-removing tool is provided being positioned and being adapted to be fed-in, such that a cutting edge of the tool is guided over the surface along a spiralled path and along an elevation function given by the shape of the spectacle lens, when the latter is rotated about the first axis. For machining right side spectacle lenses and left side spectacle lenses, the right side spectacle lenses are rotated about the first axis in a first rotational direction, and the left side spectacle lenses are rotated about the first axis in a second rotational direction opposite the first rotational direction.

Abstract: One element is taken from a machined shape. When the element is a straight line element, whether or not the distance D between the start point and the end point of the element in a direction orthogonal to the axis of rotation of the workpiece is equal to or greater than a preset value Ds is determined. In addition, whether or not an angle A that the straight line element makes with the Z-axis is equal to or greater than a preset angle Aa is determined. When the distance D is equal to or greater than the preset value Ds and the angle A is equal to or greater than the preset angle Aa, a program is created with the cutting direction reversed from the profile direction.

Abstract: A method for machining particularly spectacle lenses by means of a machine which comprises at least one cutting unit and at least one turning unit in a common working space, wherein at least two spectacle lenses are machined at the same time in the working space, one of said spectacle lenses being cut while the other is turned. The machine frames of the cutting unit and of the turning unit are essentially decoupled from one another in terms of vibration and/or at least two machining units of the machine comprise workpiece spindle units for generating a transverse movement of the spectacle lens to be machined with respect to the respective tool, the workpiece spindle units being arranged essentially perpendicular to one another. As a result, it is possible for spectacle lenses to be machined in an extremely short time with high machining performance and with high surface precision and quality.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool is provided for cutting an opening in a sheet of material (e.g., drywall) around a pre-installed item (e.g., an electrical box). The cutting tool may include a shaft, at least one cutter, a guide tip and a shoulder formed by a lower edge of the cutter adjacent the guide tip. The shoulder may have a width that corresponds to the width of a wall of the pre-installed item. The width of the shoulder may be equal to the width of the wall, or it may be slightly greater than the width of the wall. The guide tip may include a bearing to prevent marring of the wall of the item when the guide tip is rotating and in contact with the wall. An adjustable collar and corresponding bearing may also be disposed around the shaft for controlling a preferred cutting depth of the cutter. The cutting tool may be engaged with any suitable rotary tool, including one having an adjustable table for controlling a preferred cutting depth of the cutter.

Abstract: A machine tool apparatus includes a transfer arm assembly and a carriage assembly. The transfer arm assembly includes a housing with a tooling end adapted to carry a tooling bit extending therefrom, a spindle extending from the housing for engagement by a chuck, and at least a first drive shaft for transferring rotational motion from the spindle to the tooling end. The tooling end is adapted to carry the tooling bit for rotation about a tooling axis that is angularly offset from a rotational axis of the first drive shaft. The carriage assembly carries the transfer arm assembly and is adapted to allow translation of the transfer arm assembly in at least two directions.

Abstract: A sheet member has a body part having a top surface, a bottom surface and a side surface; and an upper shoulder part which is formed so as to project from the top surface of the body part, and has an upper shoulder top surface and an upper shoulder side surface. The upper shoulder part has a restricting seat surface formed on the top surface and abutted against the bottom surface of a cutting insert; a first through hole extending between the restricting seat surface and the bottom surface or the side surface; and a screw hole opening into the restricting seat surface. The body part has a first restricting side surface which is formed on the upper shoulder side surface intersected with the restricting seat surface, and abutted against a side surface of the cutting insert; and a first recessed part disposed above the first through hole and formed on the first restricting side surface so as to extend from the restricting seat surface toward the upper shoulder top surface.

Abstract: Metallic guide elements having a functional area are made from profiled blanks by hot forming the profiled blanks and subsequently milling in a high speed milling cutter system the profiled blanks by a position-controlled milling cutter head with milling disks of a great diameter, wherein in the step of hot forming the profiled blanks are matched with regard to a cross-sectional mass distribution of the profiled blanks, respectively, to the subsequent step of milling such that by a partial cutting removal in the areas of the profiled blanks that become the functional area of the guide element narrow dimensional tolerances are produced. The material flow of the profiled blanks within the high-speed milling cutter system is controlled autonomously by an integrated stacking device that has manipulators and turning stations.

Abstract: With an integrally bladed rotor, material removal is performed from the annulus (5) on a wide, even machining path (8) using the front-side cutting area of an essentially cylindrical cutter head (7). The tool shank (9) is shaped and dimensioned such that it does not collide with the opposite lateral surfaces of the differently curved and twisted blades (4). This type of machining enables an essentially even, smooth annulus surface to be obtained with a reduced number of overlapping machining paths (8). The time required for machining the annulus and the tool wear are reduced. With an annulus machined in accordance with the present invention, the rotor will satisfy high requirements on aerodynamics.

Abstract: In order to carry out complete machining of a blank on a machine tool, such as, for example, a rotary miller, the blank is held in at least one clamp during a machining step. All the functional surfaces of the workpiece (circumference and both end faces of the blank) are brought into the final required form corresponding to final use by the machine tool, in particular, the rotary miller. The blank is a blank made from metal or a ceramic material, of cylindrical, square, or polyhedral cross-section, in particular, a rectangular block or any shaped cast or forged blank. The required form is the head of a turbine blade, the blade region of the turbine blade, and the root of the turbine blade, wherein the functional surfaces of the head and root are prepared during a clamped phase on the machine tool.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling movement of at least one subassembly of a machine tool, wherein the subassembly includes a rotatable spindle supported at the subassembly by at least one magnetic bearing having at least one bearing gap, wherein the subassembly is moved along a path smoothed by a controller with respect to an exact path, wherein the spindle in its housing is moved along a differential path by means of the magnetic bearing, and wherein the addition (superimposition) of the smoothed path and the differential path generated therewith results in the exact path.

Abstract: A machining tool for machining a panel is arranged in a working area of a machining surface of the panel. A holding element is arranged in a support area located on a holding surface of the panel, opposing the machining surface and on an opposite side in relation to the panel to the working area. The operating machining tool and the holding element are displaced on the panel in a co-coordinated manner according to movement presenting at least one component tangentially to the surface of the panel in such a way as to maintain the opposition of the support area and the working area during the displacement of the tool in order to machine at least a part of the machining surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for drilling a workpiece has a shaft portion including a holder to hold a drilling tool rotating around a first axis. A reduction gear is connected to the shaft portion. A cylindrical member, including an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, rotatably contains the shaft portion at an eccentric position. The cylindrical member is connected to the output shaft of the reduction gear and rotated around a second axis parallel to the first axis. A slide containing cylinder contains the shaft portion, the reduction gear and the cylindrical member. The slide containing cylinder has a sliding structure for axially moving the shaft portion, the reduction gear and the cylindrical member. A drilling tool is simultaneously rotated around the first axis, revolved around the second axis and is axially moved.

Abstract: A method for removing a weld crown from a weld joint between first and second work pieces includes steps of positioning a rotary milling tool proximate to the joint and at an offset angle to set a cutting arc relative to the joint. The milling tool is positioned so the cutting arc intersects the weld crown, weld toes, and parent metal on each side of the weld joint. As the milling tool traverses the joint to cut away the weld crown, the milling tool may tilt from side to side to compensate for misalignment between the work pieces along the weld joint. An apparatus for weld crown removal holds a milling tool at an offset angle, and provides a tracking mechanism to permit the milling tool to track misalignment between the work pieces, maintaining the cutting arc in intersection with the weld toes and parent metal along the weld joint.

Abstract: Milling cutter (1), which can rotate about a cutter longitudinal axis (A), comprises a sleeve-shaped shaft (2) provided with an inner lying chip evacuation channel (11), which is arranged, in essence, symmetric to the cutter longitudinal axis (A), and with a suction opening (12). The milling cutter also comprises a milling head (3, 3a, 3b, 3c), which is held coaxial to the cutter longitudinal axis (A) and to the shaft (2) while being held on said shaft and which comprises, as cutting edges (7, 9), a face cutting edge (7) and a peripheral cutting edge (9). At least one cutting edge (7, 9) forms a positive rake angle (?Ya,?Yr) on the periphery of the milling head (3, 3a, 3b, 3c). The milling cutter (1) is particularly suited for machining light metals, especially for circular milling.

Abstract: A method and machine for machining shafts, such as crankshafts of an internal combustion engine wherein the shaft supported on a workpiece carrier rotatably about its axis and the carrier is movable relative to a milling tool adjustably supported on the machine, the bearing surfaces of the shaft are fine-machined by a milling tool taking into consideration the resiliency and the bending of the shaft by the engagement force of the milling tool during fine cutting of the bearing surfaces in the various angular rations of the shaft and the axial bearing location between the shaft ends so as to provide for a perfect final round cutting of the bearings without the need for wet grinding. The fine machining is preferably achieved by dry machining and orthogonal rotational milling, all main bearings and lifting bearings being machined in a single clamping from the rough machining dimensions to the final dimension.

Abstract: A turning machine having: a machine frame with a longitudinal axis; a rotary part driver for rotating a part about the longitudinal axis; three tools mounted on the frame, each tool having a radial tool axis transverse the longitudinal axis and each radial tool axis being disposed in a circumferential array spaced apart by substantially 120°; wherein each tool has an independent radial actuator and an independent longitudinal actuator, wherein each tool is movable radially and longitudinally relative to the part and relative to the other two tools.

Abstract: A machining tool is provided having an insert that includes one or more interface surfaces configured to interact with a workpiece. The machining tool also has one or more distribution passages located within the insert. The one or more distribution passages are situated and sized to direct a fluid to the one or more interface surfaces while maintaining the fluid above a pressure at which the fluid exists in a supercritical state.

Abstract: In an automatic transmission, a lip portion of an oil seal can be prevented from riding up reliably when an impeller hub is inserted into the oil seal so as to be attached thereto, even when the lip portion is provided with a tightening margin. The impeller hub is attached to the oil seal from the lip portion side of the oil seal , with an end portion thereof in which a notch is formed. The impeller hub has a first chamfer portion formed in a bottom portion outer peripheral edge portion of the notch as an inclined surface that decreases radially in an axial direction of the impeller hub toward the end portion of the impeller hub, and an axial distance of the first chamfer portion from the bottom portion outer peripheral edge portion increases from both end sides of a circumferential direction of the notch toward a circumferential direction central portion of the notch.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for producing a hole in a work-piece having first and second layers of material. The first layer of material contains a full-sized hole through the first layer of material. The first layer of material is positioned adjacent the second layer of material. An orbital drill is secured to the first layer of material to position a cutting tool of the drill within the through-hole. During operation, when the cutting tool is used to cut a hole in the second layer of material, the alignment keeps the orbital drill stationary.

Abstract: A cutting insert rotated about its axis may be utilized during a metalworking operation and applied against the rotating workpiece to enhance tool performance. A method, including an assembly with a rotatable insert mounted to a toolholder may be utilized to achieve this result.

Abstract: There is here disclosed a resin pellet store device including a silo (1) in which resin pellets are stored; an discharge route for ON-SPEC products (2) through which resin pellets having a low content of foreign substances stored above the vicinity of the lowermost part in the silo (1) are discharged as ON-SPEC products from the silo (1); and another discharge route for OFF-SPEC products (3) through which resin pellets having a high content of foreign substances accumulated in the vicinity of the lowermost part in the silo (1) are discharged as OFF-SPEC products from the silo (1). In consequence, the resin pellets having a high content of foreign substances to be treated as the OFF-SPEC products are clearly sorted out in the silo and discharged therefrom to reduce the content of the foreign substances in the ON-SPEC products. Moreover, the OFF-SPEC products are discharged through another route to avoid the contamination of a downstream facility.

Abstract: A method of machining a workpiece with a rotary cutting tool extending along a longitudinal axis and including a first cutting portion including a plurality of first helical teeth having a helix direction and being designed to work in a first direction of rotation of the tool. The tool also includes a second cutting portion with a plurality of second helical teeth having, as helix direction, the same helix direction as the first cutting portion and being designed to work in a second direction of rotation of the tool, opposed to the first.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removing chips on a cutting machine. The method includes: a first step in which an air supplied from an air supply source is introduced to a first opening and is ejected from the first opening, so that an airflow having a predetermined chip blowing force is blown onto a first region among surfaces of respective parts of the cutting machine and respective parts of a work; and a second step in which a moving member having a communication path extending from an air inlet port to a second opening is moved to a position at which the air inlet port is communicated with the first opening, so that the air is ejected from the second opening and thus an airflow having a predetermined chip blowing force is blown onto a second region among the surfaces of the respective parts of the cutting machine and the respective parts of the work.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing microabraders by machining a surface of a workpiece, each of the microabraders having a plurality of sides; for each of the microabraders the method comprising: (a) making a plurality of cuts into the surface, the plurality of cuts being in a required sequence around the plurality of sides to form a microabrader of a required shape; (b) the plurality of cuts being of progressively reducing depth such that a final cut is of a smallest depth of all the cuts; (c) the plurality of cuts, the required sequence and the progressively reducing depth being selected to provide material of the workpiece to support the microabrader until machining is completed.

Abstract: Cutting tool inserts comprising a substrate selected from the group consisting of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, cubic boron nitride based material, and high speed steel; and a hard and wear-resistant coating comprising laminar polycrystalline metal nitrides layers are disclosed. Methods of making a cutting tool insert are also disclosed. In addition, methods for machining of stainless steel and super alloys using the cutting tool inserts are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for optimized milling of workpieces close to the final contour, in particular chamfers on turbine blades, is disclosed. The method is characterized in that a numeric optimization method is provided for the automatic control of the kinematic sequences of motion, wherein an additional rotation around an axis parallel to the tool axis is optimized in terms of kinematic and/or kinetic and/or workpiece-specific manufacturing criteria. With the method, it is possible to achieve optimum results in the milling of chamfers close to the final contour or in the deburring of workpiece edges. In this case, the method makes it possible in particular to make available a path optimization that is required in order to achieve an optimum processing result, wherein this optimization is preferably automated and can take place within a short time. In addition, the inventive method achieves a high level of series stability in manufacturing.

Abstract: A surfacing and contouring cutter for high-speed machining of parts made of composite material, the cutter having a cut end portion with teeth (20) that are regularly spaced apart around the axis (14) of the cutter and that are separated from one another by swarf grooves, the main cutting edge of each tooth being connected to the secondary cutting edge (S2) of the tooth via a corner (24) of convex rounded shape with a radius of curvature greater than about 1.5 mm, and the secondary cutting angle lying in the range about 5° to 15°.

Abstract: A milling tool which is used to mill recesses, in particular, circular-shaped grooves, in a workpiece is provided. The milling tool (10) is disposed on a disk-shaped or plate-shaped base body (14) and on at least one cutting body (15) arranged on the outer periphery of the base body (14). The cutting body or each cutting body (15) is inclined in relation to the disk-shaped base body or the plate-shaped base body (14).

Abstract: Coated cemented carbide inserts (cutting tools), particularly useful for wet or dry machining of steels and stainless steels, are disclosed. The cutting tool insert is characterized by a cemented carbide substrate and a coating comprising an about 0.5 to 5 ?m thick innermost layer of (Ti,Al)N and an about 1 to 5 ?m thick layer of (Al,Cr)2O3.

Abstract: A plunge milling method includes: a) the area of material that is to be removed is enclosed by a plurality of milling paths, each milling path defining end positions of a milling head during the formation of plunge milling bores; b) to each milling path there is allocated a guide curve for the tool axis, each guide curve defining initial positions of the milling head during the formation of plunge milling bores; c) during the formation of plunge milling bores, the tool axis is oriented, as a function of a milling path and the respective guide curve, so that there is no danger of collision of the milling tool with a contour formed by plunge milling; d) for each milling path, bore axes for plunge milling bores are determined as a function of the respective guide curve, corresponding to a prespecified overlap of milling bores formed along the milling paths.

Abstract: To provide a device and a corresponding method for producing a slit diaphragm using a very simple production process, the device includes a cutting tool (12) capable of cutting along a straight line, and means capable of effecting a relative movement between the cutting tool (12) and a workpiece (10), such that the cutting tool (12) cuts the workpiece (10) along a line which corresponds a beam path in the slit diaphragm to be produced.

Abstract: A machining method of a press die having a pierce cutter and a secondary relief-clearance area recessed inward relative to a profile of the pierce cutter is provided. A plunge cutting tool having a tool body and at least one edge portion provided on an outer circumference of an end of the tool body is used, the edge portion being protruding from the outer circumference of the tool body and being capable of carving while rotating around an axis of the tool body and moving in an axial direction of the tool body. While rotating the plunge cutting tool with an axis of the tool body being approximately parallel to a surface of the pierce cutter, the plunge cutting tool is relatively moved along the profile of the pierce cutter. The plunge cutting tool is also relatively moved in the axial direction of the tool body along the shape of the pierce cutter and the secondary relief-clearance area in a piercing direction each time the plunge cutting tool is relatively moved by a predetermined pitch.

Abstract: A method and system design and manufacture of the monogrammed faceted and stone adorned eyeglass lenses via a computer program allowing a design, intricate facet cuts and stone placement on a computer lens model. Software may utilize a touch probe or laser scanner to gather point data from a previously designed lens, converting the data to a computer model. The data is then used to send signals to an articulated robotic arm holding a lens shape. The robotic arm receives the commands from the computer, moving and rotating the lens shape against an abrasive wheel, rotating cutter blade or rotating drill thereby duplicating the facet cuts, slots notches or depressions or other designs contained in the computer lens model. Varying pressure is applied by the articulated arm and various degrees of abrasiveness of the abrasive wheel.

Abstract: A cutting tool assembly having a tool post capable of lateral movement along a work piece to be cut and a shank on the tool post holding at least one machined tool tip and possibly other tool tips. The tool tip has diffractive features in contact with the work piece in order to machine macro-scale features having nano-scale features. The machined work piece can be used to make articles having diffractive features such as optical films having lenslets.

Abstract: A process for machining a blank from all directions with a machine tool, such as a milling machine, involves the machining from all directions being based on a three-dimensional template. In a first step, the three-dimensional form and, if need be, also the surface finish of the three-dimensional template may be automatically measured, and the associated data may be saved. In a second step, a blank may be held by at least one clamping adapter and a first region is brought into its final, ready to use partial form by the machine tool or the milling machine using said data for numerical control. In a third step, the partially machined blank may be held by at least one clamping adapter in the first, finally machined region and the remaining region may be brought into its final, ready to use overall form by the same machine tool or milling machine.