Abstract: A shaving processing method and apparatus for a gear are provided which reduce a load at the time of processing a tooth surface, thereby reducing a transmission error of the gear. Embodiments include a method for finishing the tooth surface of the gear in a state where the gear and a shaving cutter are engaged with each other and the shaving cutter is rotated. The gear has a pair of end surfaces facing each other in the tooth width direction. A first shaving step of processing the tooth surface is performed so that a processing region gradually expands from one end surface of the pair of end surfaces toward the other end surface, and a second shaving step of processing the tooth surface is performed so that a processing region gradually expands from the other end surface of the pair of end surfaces toward the one end surface.

Abstract: A ring gear (100) for a planetary transmission includes a gear ring (110) formed with an internal gearing (120) on an inner circumferential surface of the gear ring (110). The gear ring (110) also includes a radially projecting and unilaterally axially overhung flange (130) on an outer circumferential surface of the gear ring (110). The flange (130) is formed with a circumferential collar (131) and a collar overhang (132). The collar overhang (132) has a crown gearing (140). The crown gearing (140) is continuous and axially extends through the collar (131).

Abstract: A clearance angle, of a blade-like tool or tool tooth of a tool for hob peeling workpieces is determined by defining the rake face contour of the tool and calculating the progression of path movement of the rake face during chip-breaking hob peeling, taking into account a pre-determinable transmission ratio between the tool and the workpiece determined by the respective number of teeth, and the desired tooth cross-section contour of the tool, and determining a tangential speed for points of the cutting edge of the tool during chip-breaking, wherein hob peeling is determined in the form of vectors that are displayed graphically as bundles for each point on the cutting-edge and a closed envelope surface is determined, which plus a desired clearance angle is selected as the shape for the flank face contour of the tool or of the flank face of the tool tooth. A tool is also provided.

Abstract: A clearance angle, of a blade-like tool or tool tooth of a tool for hob peeling workpieces is determined by defining the rake face contour of the tool and calculating the progression of path movement of the rake face during chip-breaking hob peeling, taking into account a pre-determinable transmission ratio between the tool and the workpiece determined by the respective number of teeth, and the desired tooth cross-section contour of the tool, and determining a tangential speed for points of the cutting edge of the tool during chip-breaking, wherein hob peeling is determined in the form of vectors that are displayed graphically as bundles for each point on the cutting-edge and a closed envelope surface is determined, which plus a desired clearance angle is selected as the shape for the flank face contour of the tool or of the flank face of the tool tooth. A tool is also provided.

Abstract: A chamfering method comprising defining a tooth edge utilizing theoretical data, defining an actual tooth edge utilizing the theoretical tooth edge data, defining a motion path of a chamfering tool and chamfering the actual tooth edge by moving the chamfering tool and the actual tooth edge relative to one another according to the motion path to chamfer the actual tooth edge.

Abstract: To provide a method of controlling a machine tool and a machine tool which allow preventing relieving interference without using a mechanism for causing an offset between a cutter (13) and a workpiece (50), a controller (40) performs control such that the workpiece (50) is machined by repeating the steps of: machining the workpiece (50) by moving the cutter (13) for machining the workpiece (50) in a direction parallel to a rotational axis of the cutter (50) while rotating the workpiece (50) together with the cutter (13); and returning the cutter (13) to a machining start position again after termination of the machining step, and performs offset control such that the cutter (13) is moved away from the workpiece (50) in a rotation direction of the cutter (13) upon the termination of the machining step.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for skiving first and second work pieces using the same skiving tool to machine both work pieces. Flank cutting edges of the skiving tool subjected to a stronger load during machining of the first work piece are subjected to a lesser load during machining of the second work piece and vice versa. Accordingly, a substantially uniform load is subjected to both flank cutting edges overall, resulting in improved uniformity of wear to both flank cutting edges.

Abstract: A cutting machine for gear shaping or the like is provided. The cutting machine includes a gear shaping head. The gear shaping head has a ram that is guided by and reciprocates along a linear guide mounted between a saddle of the gear shaping head and the ram. At least one linear motor reciprocates the ram along a stroke axis relative to the saddle. The ram also carries a rotary drive and a spindle that reciprocate in unison with the ram. The rotary drive directly drives the spindle to journal the spindle through incremental angular positions during gear shaping.

Abstract: A gear shaping machine for the manufacture or machining of gears having a shaping tool and a shaping head bearing the shaping tool, where the shaping head is movable transversely to the shaping direction for the delivering and lifting of the shaping tool to the workpiece. A direct drive is provided for this purpose which moves the shaping head transversely to the shaping direction. Furthermore a corresponding method for the manufacture or machining of gears is described.

Abstract: A method of producing a member with a face-geared surface. An example of the method includes an initial process preparing a work piece and a hob, and a geared surface forming process forming a geared surface on a part of the area. In addition, at least one of the hob and the work piece is retracted in the radial direction of the hob. Further, the geared surface forming process and the retracting process are repeated to produce a full face-geared surface on the work piece.

Abstract: A cutting machine includes linear electrical actuation for controlling linear reciprocating movement of a spindle and cutting tool. The cutting machine is suited for gear shaping cutting operations and the like. Linear electrical actuation may be used to control position of a hydraulic valve within the spindle, which controls hydraulic actuation and linear movement of the spindle. Linear electrical actuation may also be used to pivot the spindle to relieve the cutting and/or during the cutting stroke for gear crowning operations. A rotary actuator is also disclosed as incorporated into the pivoting saddle of such a cutting machine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gear shaping machine for the production, or more precisely machining, of gear wheels with a motor-driven rotatable machine table for holding the work-piece, a thrust spindle with a tool fixed thereto, preferably a cutting wheel, said thrust spindle being displaceable in a selective stroking and superimposed rotary motion, whereby the stroke position can be detected by a first measuring device arranged in the stroke drive. According to the invention, the superimposed rotary motion of the thrust spindle is produced via a direct rotary drive and there is arranged in the area of the thrust spindle a second measuring device for the detection of errors in its movement path.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for manufacturing a gear component. The apparatus includes a plurality of tooling stocks movable relative to a base. The tooling stocks function to retain a component, as well as operably driving a combination hob/shaver tool and a combination chamfer/debur tool. The apparatus reduces the number of machines required to complete the gear component as well as reducing the cycle time for complete component manufacture. In this way, a more efficient manufacturing system is provided, whereby capital investment and operational costs are reduced.

Abstract: A method for shaving and shave grinding tooth flanks of cylindrical workpiece gear wheels, especially, flank-line modified gear wheels, and for profiling tools needed for shave-grinding cylindrical workpiece gear wheels. During the machining of gear wheels, certain areas of the gear wheel need to be machined more so than other areas, meaning that some areas require more material to be removed than other areas. As a result, certain areas of the tool are not uniformly worn, but rather the area of the tool which removes the most material is worn more quickly than other areas of the tool. Similarly, if certain areas of the gear wheel are harder than other areas, the tool performing the actual machining will wear at a corresponding rate. The present invention avoids such non-uniform wear by providing greater areas of cutting surface on the tool performing the actual machining in the positions which are required to remove the most material, or which are required to machine the hardest surfaces of the workpiece.

Abstract: A method for the precision working of crowned tooth flanks of particularly hardened gears with a two-flank abutment and at crossed axes with an abrasive gear-shaped or rack-shaped tool, in which the tool carries out several back and forth feed movements relative to the workpiece in a direction X extending at an angle .epsilon. inclined with respect to the workpiece axis 4 and a plunge feed movement in the sense of a center-distance reduction. The tool does not have corrected teeth. The crowning is created only at the end of the precision working during at least one back and forth feed movement without a plunge feed movement.

Abstract: A machine tool for supporting a workpiece during the finishing of a plurality of surfaces has a pair of center support means which are coaxially aligned for rotatably supporting a shaft and gear structure. Bearing support surfaces can be simultaenously machined concentric with the axis of the center supports. A gear finishing tool is supported on another axis which is disposed in nonintersecting relation with the axis of the center supports for simultaenously machining a gear surface.

Abstract: For machining the tooth flanks of a hardened workpiece having pre-formed teeth two cutting blades or plates are secured to a cutting blade or plate holder. The cutting blades or plates are provided with a base member or backing formed of a hard metal and a cover layer sintered thereon which is formed of cubic boron nitride. Each cutting blade forms a cutting surface and a clearance surface. Each individual cutting blade or plate is arranged at the cutting blade or plate holder in relation to the direction of the intended cutting movement such that the surface of the cover layer forms the clearance surface and an end face or surface of the cover layer is located in the cutting surface. Consequently, there is achieved the result that the cutting surface can be reground in the same manner as tools which, for example, are made of hardened steel and which are not provided with a cover layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for orienting the position of a machine tool carriage relative to a stationary machine part, which machine tool carriage is movable in a plane defined by orthogonally related X and Y axes. In a first embodiment, the carriage is freely movable on a holder parallel with respect to the X axis and the holder is arranged freely movably in the stationary machine part parallel with respect to the Y axis. In a different embodiment, two pairs of steering knuckle arms are provided and which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the carriage. Each pair of arms consists of two hingedly connected steering knuckle arms which define a right angle with one of each thereof being hinged to the carriage, the other one to the stationary machine part. Two modifications are described for the design of the joints. The apparatus can be used, for example in machines for the precision working of gears.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for shaving, rolling or similar ones of the tooth flanks of gears in which a gearlike workpiece which is to be worked is supported stationarily, however, rotatingly and is in a two flank meshing engagement with a toothlike tool. The tool carries out a rectilinear back-and-forth feed movement in a plane, which is parallel with respect to the workpiece axis, a plunge movement perpendicularly with respect to the workpiece axis and a swivelling movement about an axis which is directed transversely with respect to the feed direction. To produce crowned tooth flanks, the plunge feed and the swivelling movement of the tool is changed independently from one another in dependency of the respective position of the tool along the feed path. A rocking device is provided on which is arranged the tool and which also takes part in the back-and-forth feed movement and which furthermore can be driven pivotally about an axis which extends transversely with respect to the feed direction.

Abstract: A machine for the precision working of tooth surfaces on toothed workpieces. The machine has a frame, a rotatingly drivable gearlike tool which is arranged substantially above the workpiece on the frame and structure supporting the tool for movement into a tooth engaging relation with the workpiece. Structure is also provided for adjusting a crossed-axes angle between the tool and the workpiece. Guide structure is provided for effecting a change in the spacing between the geometric centers of the tool and the workpiece during a machining operation. The workpiece is stationarily mounted on the frame and all guideways on the frame required for facilitating an adjustment of the tool and during the working operation are arranged substantially above the workpiece. Additional structure is provided for facilitating an adjustment of the axis of rotation of the tool about both horizontal and vertical axes.

Abstract: An apparatus and tool for the precision working of gears, particularly by a gear shaving process. The process involves the step of changing the direction of rotation between the workpiece and the tool approximately starting with half of the advance path and the smallest distance between the axes. The optimum condition occurs when the direction of rotation is changed prior to reaching the smallest distance between the axes and the advance is directed at a right angle with respect to the axis of the workpiece or tool. The tool is rotatably supported on a spindle as is the workpiece. The workpiece is driven relative to the tool to advance same relative to the tool. Control devices are provided for controlling the movement of the workpiece relative to the tool. The tool has grooves which extend from the addendum to the dedendum and form cutting edges and the flanks of the teeth have concaved surfaces.