Abstract: An apparatus and method for applying a resin coating to a plurality of discrete portions of a fastener, such as both internal and external threads. A conveyor supports a fastener. The fastener is first transported past a heater and then past a first powdered resin spray assembly. Powdered resin, supplied to the first spray assembly by a resin reservoir, is used to generate a first air-borne powdered resin stream which coats one set of threads with resin when the fastener traverses the resin stream. The conveyor also transports a second resin spray assembly through the first air-borne powdered resin stream. The second spray assembly uses a resin receiver to aspirate the air-borne resin. The resin is then used to generate a second powdered resin stream which coats the other set of fastener threads.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for applying a resin coating to a plurality of discrete portions of a fastener, such as both internal and external threads. A conveyor supports a fastener. The fastener is first transported past a heater and then past a first powdered resin spray assembly. Powdered resin, supplied to the first spray assembly by a resin reservoir, is used to generate a first air-borne powdered resin stream which coats one set of threads with resin when the fastener traverses the resin stream. The conveyor also transports a second resin spray assembly through the first air-borne powdered resin stream. The second spray assembly uses a resin receiver to aspirate the air-borne resin. The resin is then used to generate a second powdered resin stream which coats the other set of fastener threads.

Abstract: A shaker table (10) for testing and quality control of devices attached to the table is shown. The mounting table (20) has pneumatic exciters (50) attached thereto. The exciters (50) are attached to the mounting table (20) with a mounting bolt (128) and spacers (132, 132') that comprise an insulating material to inhibit thermal transfer between the device and the exciters (50) and between the mounting table (20) and the exciters (50). The mounting table (20) provides uniform distribution of forces applied by the pneumatic exciters (50). The forces are evenly distributed in all directions from the impact of the exciters on the mounting table. The mounting table (20) is supported on a foundation (2) by adjustable supports (4). The exciters are supplied with pressurized air from a source (12) through an airline (14).

Abstract: A connection for components in a medical implant assembly utilizes a tapered mating surface on each component with cylindrical splines and flutes formed on each mating surface such that the surfaces are complementary to the extent that the splines of one surface are received in the flutes of the adjacent surface. Each surface is continuous with no discontinuity which would act as a stress raiser or enhance concentration of stress in one locale. The complementary surfaces are urged into registry by a screw connection coaxially through the surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a bolt with shearable head (1) with an external thread section (15), a head section (3) and a taper section (7) forming a predetermined breakage point (6), provided for between the external thread section and the head section, as well as an end section providing a clamping contact (9). Furthermore, there is provided a threaded bush (15), extending at least partly along the external thread section (5) and having in turn an external thread (17).

Abstract: A duct coupling pad for joining flexible ducts includes an outer section surrounding a central opening. An adhesive coating is applied to one surface of the coupling pad for adhering the pad to a first one of the ducts to be joined. An opening is formed in the first duct within the area of the central opening of the coupling pad. Securing tabs integrally formed with the outer section of the coupling pad are folded inwardly into the opening in the first duct and adhered to the inner surface thereof. The coupling pad binds the edge of the opening in the first duct to prevent splitting and tearing of the linings. A collar is inserted into the central opening of the coupling pad and the second duct is connected to the collar.

Abstract: A wall anchor uses splines on an interior surface of a cylindrical body to accommodate fasteners having different thread diameters. The splines are configured in types. A first type includes at least one spline protruding centrally at a narrow angle, while a second type also includes at least one spline protruding centrally at a wider angle. When a fastener, such as a #6 or #8 sheet metal screw (SMS), is inserted into the wall anchor, the first type of spline will primarily engage the #6 SMS, while the second type of splines are only partially implemented. When a #8 SMS, which has a larger thread diameter than a #6 SMS, is inserted into the wall anchor, both the first and second types of splines are engaged to facilitate retention of the SMS.

Abstract: A threaded bush having a cylindrical body provided with a female thread in an inner surface, a male thread in an outer surface, a plurality of triangular recessed stop grooves spaced equally in a lower sloping-down portion, each stop recessed groove formed with a vertical side wall and a curved side wall defining a small angle, the curved side wills guiding and cutting in a wall of a hole which this bush is to be screwed in, the vertical side wall cutting positively the wall of the hole, the triangular recessed stop grooves engaging uncut wall material of the hole to prevent this bush from loosening out of the hole.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for applying a resin coating to a plurality of discrete portions of a fastener, such as both internal and external threads. A conveyor supports a fastener. The fastener is first transported past a heater and then past a first powdered resin spray assembly. Powdered resin, supplied to the first spray assembly by a resin reservoir, is used to generate a first air-borne powdered resin stream which coats one set of threads with resin when the fastener traverses the resin stream.The conveyor also transports a second resin spray assembly through the first air-borne powdered resin stream. The second spray assembly uses a resin receiver to aspirate the air-borne resin. The resin is then used to generate a second powdered resin stream which coats the other set of fastener threads.

Abstract: An insert assembly for installation in a workpiece having a threaded hole. When the inner insert is axially received within the outer insert, the mating surfaces of these members are configured such that the inner insert applies a radial outward force to the outer insert to securely install the insert assembly in the workpiece. A stud assembly also is provided for installation in the workpiece hole. The stud assembly comprises a stud body and a stud. When the stud is axially received within the stud body, the mating surfaces of these members, like the insert assembly, are configured such that the stud applies a radial outward force to the stud body to securely install the stud assembly in the workpiece. Both the insert assembly and stud assembly are particularly adapted for use with workpieces made of relatively soft or lightweight materials.

Abstract: A device for locking a threaded insert into a prepared hole in a parent material. The device includes a locating portion, a locking portion and a gripping portion which is removed upon installation. The locating portion comprises a finger which is positioned in a preformed slot in the external threads of the threaded insert. The locking portion, which extends outwardly from the locating portion, is driven across the corresponding threads of the parent material to shear and distort the threads and lock the insert in place. The gripping portion which extends outwardly from the locking portion is used by the installer to position the device during installation and is then broken off.

Abstract: A device for fastening an object to a wall including an insert having self-tapping external threading, a cavity, and an insertion end. A setting tool removably engages the insert cavity and has a tool blade protruding through the insert cavity and the insertion end. The tool blade includes a drilling point for making a rough opening in the wall. The setting tool screws the insert into the rough opening whereby the external threading engages the rough opening. A fastener is screwed into the insert cavity upon removal of the setting tool.

Abstract: A method of installing a metallic threaded insert in a composite/rubber pl consists of threading a first insert section into a pre-formed hole in a fiberglass composite panel, and bonding a rubber panel over the fiberglass composite panel. The rubber panel includes an opening which is positioned over the first insert section. A second insert section is threaded onto an elongated positioning panel bolt and then the positioning bolt ms threaded into the first insert section. The second insert section is threaded downwardly on the positioning so as to be in adjacent relation to the first insert section, and the opening in the rubber panel is filled with a rubber compound. The rubber compound is cured, preferably at room temperature, to set the second insert section in position and the positioning bolt is threaded out of the first and second insert sections.

Abstract: An assembly for inserting an attachment coil in concrete with a screw having a releasable spacer and an expandable coil mounted thereon. The spacer initially positions the screw in a hole for location of the coil and has a slot to permit the spacer to pop off the screw as the screw is screwed into the coil in the hole. The spacer may have longitudinal ribs to bridge any lateral space between the screw and the hole. The coil has an exterior diameter less than the interior diameter of the hole for free movement of unexpanded loops without creating cross threading during insertion. A second coil can be inserted closer to the surface by assembling two spacers on a screw for location of the second coil, with both spacers popping off the screw as the screw advances into both coils. The use of two coils in a hole allows positioning of coils in both compression and tension zones on opposite sides of a neutral axis of the structure.

Abstract: The retention value of a screw previously inserted into a wooden railroad tie is increased by an axially extending sleeve ( 20 ) having an external thread ( 24 ) and an internal thread (25). The thread revolutions of the internal thread (25) are offset axially by half (h) the thread pitch (H) of the external thread (24). Due to this offset of the threads, the screw is positioned in the sleeve so that its threads are located between the external thread revolutions affording a new retention, while the external thread (24) seats within the thread previously formed in the wooden railroad tie by the screw.

Abstract: The present invention provides a threaded insert assembly with a locking plate having a non-circular shape and a non-serrated outer edge instead of a conventional circular shaped locking ring having a circular serrated outer edge. The non-circular locking plate is shaped to engage mating edges of a correspondingly shaped recess formed in the anchoring structure so as prevent the insert from rotating out of the anchoring structure once the insert is locked into the plate. The threaded insert is secured to the locking plate by interdigitated serrations swaged into engagement.

Abstract: The invention relates to a shock absorber for fastening of ski bindings to a ski (1) having an upper belt (3).Such shock absorbers are already known in the form of multi-layered strip-like inserts. A disadvantage of this known design is, since the strip-like inserts must be built in during the manufacture of the ski, an adjustment to different hole arrangements of ski binding parts.The goal of the invention is to enable an individual adjustment for shock absorbers of this type even when the ski has already been manufactured and for many different hole arrangements of ski binding parts.The set purpose is attained according to the invention by the insert (9, 10, 11) being stored in a sleeve (7), which in turn is inserted into a bore (6) of the ski (1) and is screwed into said bore (6). Each fastening screw is thereby constructed as a metal screw (12), which can with its thread be screwed to the high strength layer (11).

Abstract: A threaded insert for drywall with a structure comprises a cylindrical body which includes an axial entrance hole at one end, an axial cavity at the other end, a high auger disposed thereon, a low thread disposed between the auger, a pair of drilling bits, diametrically opposed to each other, attaching to the bottom periphery of the axial cavity and extending therefrom to terminate a separately attached drilling tip. Extending from the entrance hole through the cavity, the body includes an internal passage for the insertion of a threaded fastener and facilitating the expelling of dusts. The drilling tip are separable upon the advancement of the fastener driven through the internal passage. The low thread strengthens pull-out resistance while the insert installed in the wall.

Abstract: A screw threaded insert adapted to be fitted in a bore of a workpiece made of thermoplastic material. The screw threaded insert is externally tapered at an angle of about four (4) degrees and is defined externally with a thread of approximately equal pitch and depth, and of saw toothed shape. The insert is also threaded internally for receiving a bolt. A pair of cutting slots is also provided.

Abstract: A screw for fixation of a tendon/bone graft during an arthroscopic surgical procedure includes a smooth conical forward end having a rounded tip and a spiral thread running from a position behind the smooth rounded forward end to a rearward end of the screw. The depth of the thread is shallower than a conventional screw and the exterior edge of the thread is rounded to decrease cutting and fragmentation of the tendon and bone. The screw includes an internal bore with left- and right-handed threaded portions for engagement with insertion and extraction instruments. In the method, the bone graft is harvested and sized as desired. A graft socket is drilled in the bone and then serially sized with increasingly larger sizing instruments to compact the bone and size the graft socket to the graft. A smooth bore screw socket is created by serially dilating a space between the graft and graft socket with increasingly larger dilating instruments, thereby also compacting the graft.

Abstract: A two-part fastener for mounting a component upon a substrate comprises a first part having an elongate hollow body, a self-tapping threaded portion defined upon an exterior peripheral portion of the elongate body whereby the first part can be threadedly secured within the substrate, and a first snap-fitting engagement member defined upon an internal peripheral portion of the first part. The second part likewise comprises an elongate body, a support portion for fixedly mounting the component thereon, and a plurality of axially spaced second snap-fitting engagement members defined upon an external peripheral portion of the second part. When the second part is axially inserted into the first part, for example, with the component affixed thereon, the second snap-fitting engagement members of the second part selectively engage the engagement member of the first part such that the disposition of the component supported upon the second part can be adjustably mounted as desired relative to the substrate.

Abstract: Screw fixing device for a concrete construction element comprising a screw (1) and a sheath (4) of synthetic material intended to be fixed in the concrete. The sheath and the screw possess a trapezoidal thread. Externally, the sheath possesses peripheral anchoring ribs (7) of triangular section, except in its upper part (6). The slope of the flanks (8) of the ribs facing the entry to the sheath is about 30.degree.. The sheath of synthetic material is surrounded by a metal sheath (12) bearing on these flanks (8) but having a play relative to the other flanks (9) of the ribs.

Abstract: An insert for use of attachment in a threaded member, such as a bolt or the like, to a honeycomb panel by the use of epoxy adhesive, the insert being in the form of a unitary elongated metallic member having a generally cylindrical external surface and an integral annular enlarged external diameter collar portion at each end thereof, the external cylindrical surface having an integral externally extending spiraled thread portion extending from adjacent one collar portion to adjacent the other collar portion and the insert having an internal threaded recess therein, the external surface being configured to resist pull-out and torque-out when epoxy adhesive has solidified to retain the insert in a panel.

Abstract: An insert and set screw for locking together the tongue and groove elements of adjacently situated sections of a portable floor in a manner which prevents upward movement of both the set screw and the insert beyond the top surface of the floor. The insert has a flared bottom end that is located in a floor section, above a groove in the groove element, and the set screw is threadably received within the insert. The set screw is tightened downwardly to contact and then compress upon a tongue element of an adjacently situated floor section that has been inserted within the groove element, thereby locking the tongue and groove elements together. The flared bottom end of the insert prevents it from moving upwardly into the plane of the top surface. Stop means inside the insert limit upward movement of the set screw. Both the insert and the set screw are physically restricted from protruding above the top floor surface.

Abstract: A nutplate assembly (10), for attaching to a structure (11), is comprised of a nut element (14), an insert (16), a snap ring (18), and a cover plate (20). Installation of the assembly (10) does not deform the attaching structure (11) and the insert (16) can be replaced by accessing only one side of the structure (11).

Abstract: A threaded fastener or insert has a generally cylindrical body and about the body is formed a thread. Two sets of flutes are formed in the thread extending axially of the body. One of these sets extends deeper into the thread than the other set.

Abstract: A self-drilling plastic anchor installable in a wall by means of a screwdriver, the anchor being adapted to receive a threaded fastener that serves to hold a fixture or other object against the wall. The anchor includes an externally-threaded shank section having an enlarged head that is engageable by the screwdriver and a cavity to receive the fastener. Extending from the lower end of the shank section is a drill section that terminates in a point that lies on the longitudinal axis of the anchor. When the anchor is applied to the wall, the point penetrates its surface, so that the anchor may then be turned by the screwdriver about the point. The drill section is formed by a pair of cutting blades on opposite sides of the anchor axis and a pair of guide blades, each angled relative to a respective cutting blade.

Abstract: A non-expandible anchor for use in tensile zones of strong material having a compressive strength of at least 20 N/mm.sup.2 includes a cutting portion having a deep, coarse, raised, external helix formed with a cutting edge and having interruptions along the helix which act as chip breakers and permit removal of debris during insertion in a pre-prepared bore drilled in the strong material.

Abstract: A flush mounting fastener system for threadably attaching a threaded member to a plate or shell structure is described which comprises in one representative embodiment an internally threaded bushing flanged on a first end for attachment to the housing within a hole of preselected size in the housing, a plurality of circumferentially spaced crenelations of preselected size and spacing on the second end of the bushing, an insert threaded on the outer surface for threadably engaging the bushing and on the inner surface for threadably attaching a threaded member to the housing structure, and a plurality of tangs on one end of the insert corresponding in size and spacing with the spaced crenelations in the bushing and being radially outwardly bendable into spaces between the crenelations to lock the insert within the bushing.

Abstract: An insert for use of attachment in a threaded member, such as a bolt or the like, to a honeycomb panel by the use of epoxy adhesive, the insert being in the form of an unitary elongated metallic member having a generally cylindrical external surface and an integral annular collar position, the external cylindrical surface having a reduced external diameter circumferential recess in the form of a spiral extending from adjacent one end to the other end of the cylindrical member and having an internal threaded recess therein, the external surface being configured to resist pull-out and torque-out when epoxy adhesive has solidified to retain the insert in a panel.

Abstract: A screw threaded insert to be installed in for example thermoplastic material by ultrasonic vibrations applied to the insert is double-ended and comprises a main helically ribbed portion separated from a minor portion formed with teeth or projections aligned with helical ribs, and a pilot portion. The pilot portion is to locate the insert in a performed bore in the required orientation of insertion, the toothed portion displaces material in complementary grooves, so as to facilitate travel of the insert into the material and ensure good filling of the inter-rib spaces.

Abstract: A member formed of ceramic refractory material has therein an opening. A metal coupling member for attaching a metal member such as a rod or a tube, to the refractory member has an externally threaded portion extending into the opening in the refractory member. The coupling member has a head extending radially outwardly beyond the threads of the threaded portion and embedded in the refractory member. The opening in the refractory member may be internally threaded to receive the threads of the threaded portion of the coupling member.

Abstract: A sturdy threaded insert for screws having a trapezoidal thread. To keep the external diameter of this threaded insert small (due to the limited space often available), and to ensure that the female thread produces a perfect seal (if the threaded insert is closed in construction), the threaded insert is constructed as follows: The basic shape of the threaded insert represents a circumscribed quadrilateral, which is a rhombus if the trapezoidal thread is symmetrical and is a parallelogram if the trapezoidal thread is asymmetrical. The superimposed quadrilateral profiles are connected to one another by a web having a minimum wall thickness of about 30% of the useful profile depth of the screw thread, and in any case is at least 0.3 mm. In addition, the threaded flank projections of the annular surfaces are equal on the workpiece side and on the screw side.

Abstract: A marine drive (1) for a boat (3) includes a longitudinally extending propeller shaft (18, 20) which concentrically carries the hub (21, 22) of a propeller (10, 11) at the aft end of the shaft, with the shaft serving to rotatably drive the hub. The shaft is provided with a threaded outer peripheral portion (48, 36) at its end. The hub is provided with a rearwardly disposed annular flange (44, 32) and an annular rearwardly facing recess (45, 33) having a threaded outer periphery (47, 35). A dual-threaded nut (49, 37) is removably disposed within the hub recess. The outer nut threads engage the hub threads, while the inner nut threads engage the threads of the propeller shaft. A device (56, 43) is provided for securing the nut against threadable rotation in its mounting. The inventive concepts may be utilized with a single or dual propeller system or any other hub and shaft connection.

Abstract: A fastening assembly for use in attaching articles to soft materials such as gypsum based and light weight concrete roofing. The assembly includes an anchoring element which has a high thread and an axial bore in one end. The thread has an included angle of less than 45.degree. and terminates in a sharp edge at the free end of the anchoring element. A headed screw is driven into the bore and becomes fixed to the anchoring element. A flange is integrally molded and frangibly connected to the bored end of the anchoring element, and becomes a washer upon breaking away therefrom.

Abstract: An insert for securing a threaded object in a recipient material. The insert is formed from a cylinder-shaped body. The body has a threaded cavity at its first end for receiving a threaded object. A portion of the cylinder's exterior surface adjacent to the first end is threaded for placing the insert in a hole in the recipient material and then stabilizing the insert therein. Additional stability is provided by the interface of a flange on the cylinder's second end with an adhesive which is placed in the hole with the insert. The flange is formed by a circumferential recess near the cylinder's second end. The adhesive occupies the recess and, when it hardens and bonds to the recipient material adjacent to the recess, serves as an circular barrier abutting the inner boundary of the flange. The barrier prevents the insert from being pulled from the hole.

Abstract: A threaded element for forming a threaded profile in the wall of a bore formed in a material and for insertion into the bore so as to reinforce the bore. The threaded element includes a cylindrical stem having an external thread having a plurality of separate tapping lobes for cutting the threaded profile in the wall of the bore. The stem has an unthreaded radius smaller than the unthreaded radius of the bore and a threaded radius greater than the unthreaded radius of the bore. A recess is defined between each adjacent pair of tapping lobes. Each tapping lobe is defined by two cutting arcs formed at its opposite ends and a convex escape-gap arc is located intermediate the two cutting arcs. Each cutting arc has a convex configuration relative to the center of the stem, and the apex of each of the cutting arcs defines the maximum thread radius of the threaded profile, as measured from the center of the stem.

Abstract: A stud fastening assembly 10 including a stud 11 having a threaded end threadable into a hole 15 formed in a workpiece 16 and a plurality of serrated rings 21 and 22 for securing the stud in place. The serrated rings include inner serrations 20 sized to slidably engage longitudinal serrations 14 formed on a mid-section of the stud and further include outer serrations 19 configured to engage the sidewalls of the hole formed in the workpiece and thereby prevent relative rotation. The lower ring includes fewer outer serrations than does the upper ring, to facilitate installation.

Abstract: A self-tapping, self-aligning thread repair insert is disclosed. The insert is an annular sleeve having a threaded interior surface, a partially threaded exterior surface, and an opening. The exterior surface has a tapered portion between a straight threaded portion and a straight thread-free portion. The thread-free portion and the opening are adjacent an end of the sleeve. The thread-free portion is free of threads for a distance of at least 1.5 thread widths from the end of the sleeve. The sleeve is made of a 400 series stainless steel. The sleeve is case hardened.

Abstract: The present invention provides an expandable fastener assembly for use in materials which cannot be successfully fastened by conventional screw threads. The assembly includes an insert (20) constructed as a coil to expand uniformly along its convolutions and thereby exert a force upon the adjacent material (50). A fastener (30) has outer threads compatible with the inner threads of the insert (20) such that when a tightening or seating torque is applied to the fastener (30) it is transferred to the insert (20). The transferred force expands the insert (20) outwardly with respect to the fastener (30), without rotation of the insert (20) relative to rotation of the fastener (30). The invention is also provided with an anti-rotation feature to secure the fastener from rotational movement after installation.

Abstract: A preset torque limiter sub having a pin member and a box member. The pin member is connected to a section of drill pipe and has a male connection at one end. The box member is connected to a second section of drill pipe. The male connection and the female connection are connected together. Whenever the torque on the sub exceeds a selected amount, the pin member and the box member can rotate with respect to one another. However, whenever the torque on the sub is below the selected amount, the pin member and the box member are held rigidly together.

Abstract: A lock ring and fastener which is manufactured with the lock ring connected thereto by metal tabs or a metal strip of the same parent material as the fastener. It is intended to be installed in a threaded bore of a workpiece as an insert or stud.The lock ring is displaced and the metal tabs or strip is broken by a special installation tool. This tool flattens any rough edges that remain on the insert or stud after installation. The internal grooves of the lock ring engage the external teeth of the insert or stud. The external teeth of the lock ring bite into the workpiece and by coacting with the external teeth of the insert or stud assist in preventing rotation of the insert or stud in the workpiece.

Abstract: A method for hardening a portion of a fiberglass product and fibrous product with a hardened portion are disclosed. A heated thermoplastic resinous material is applied to a fibrous product. The thermoplastic resinous material has a viscosity that allows the resin to permeate the fibrous product. THe resinous material is only applied to the portion of the fibrous product to be hardened. The resinous material is then cooled whereby the resinous material solidifies and the portion of the fibrous product permeated with the resins is substantially hardened.

Abstract: Presented is an adjustable connector assembly for utilization in adjustably connecting two juxtaposed members which, for proper fit, must be secured to one another and must be capable of being moved relative to each other to accomplish a proper fit. An example of such a situation is provided by a door frame which must be attached to supporting structural members and which must be plumb even though the supporting structural members to which the door frame is secured are not plumb. The adjustable connector assembly includes a first connector secured to one of the juxtaposed members and a second connector rotatably mounted on the first connector and also connected to the other juxtaposed member.

Abstract: A reaction injection molded article formed with threads and a method of molding same, wherein threaded members, such as threaded inserts, helicoils, etc., are positioned in the cavity of a reaction injection mold, and molding material is injected into the cavity to form the threaded members into a unitary structure with a body of the reaction injection molded article. The threaded members are securedly held in place by a surface layer of relatively high density. The molding material is a mixture of an A liquid and a B liquid, the A liquid containing 100 weight parts of polyether polyol obtained by adding alkylene oxide to various kinds of alcohol or amine, 1-5 weight parts of a reaction promoting agent (catalyst) comprising tertiary amines, tin compounds, etc.

Abstract: An insertable threaded sleeve provided with an outer screwthread and an inner screwthread for a screw, the outer screwthread being adapted to the screwthread of a tapped hole in an object. An extension adapted to be deformed by a buckling so as to be locked in the screwthread of the hole is provided with an outer knurling which improves the engagement thereof with the screwthread of the tapped hole and a flange on the outer end. The sleeve is replaceable and can be used in particular when the object is made from a soft material whereas the screw is made from a hard material. It may have if desired means for locking the screw against rotation.

Abstract: A screw threaded insert to be installed in for example thermoplastic material by ultrasonic vibrations applied to the insert is double-ended and comprises a main helically ribbed portion separated from a minor portion formed with teeth or projections aligned with helical ribs, and a pilot portion. The pilot portion is to locate the insert in a performed bore in the required orientation of insertion, the toothed portion displaces material in complementary grooves, so as to facilitate travel of the insert into the material and ensure good filling of the inter-rib spaces.