Abstract: A high pressure gas compressor in one embodiment having an internal two staged compression with a compression chamber formed in part by a positive displacement, stepped piston and cylinder configuration, providing a first stage compression by an enlarged diameter segment of the piston and a second stage compression provided by a smaller diameter segment of the piston, and in another embodiment having an internal, single stage compression with a high compression ratio.

Abstract: A high pressure gas compressor having an internal two staged compression with a compression chamber formed in part by a positive displacement, stepped piston and cylinder configuration, providing a first stage compression by an enlarged diameter segment of the piston and a second stage compression provided by a smaller diameter segment of the piston. Temperature is maintained within design limits by the admission to the compression chamber of an expanded gas from a high pressure storage, which on adiabatic expansion of the admission gas reduces the temperature of the mixed charge for final compression at a resultant temperature that is within the design limits of the compressor unit.

Abstract: A refrigeration system which has in a closed loop a compressor body, with a cooling jacket, for compressing a refrigerant, a condenser for condensing the compressed refrigerant to a liquid refrigerant, and a condensed liquid pump for compressor body cooling. The compressor body is thermally coupled to a cooling jacket, through which a cooling liquid flows. The condensed liquid pump pumps condensed liquid refrigerant from the condenser through the cooling jacket, cooling the compressor body, and then to the compressor cylinder head exhaust manifold, where the liquid refrigerant mixes with and cools the hot compressor discharge gas.

Abstract: A lubricant (L) is stored in a lubricant reservoir (2c) of a casing (2). One end of a lubricant takeout pipe (15) is in communication with the lubricant reservoir (2c) and the other end thereof is in communication with a suction chamber (14) of a scroll mechanism (3). An inlet end of the lubricant takeout pipe (15) opens at the same level as an oil-level high-limit point of the lubricant reservoir (2c) in the vicinity of a lower end of a rotor (9b). When the level of the lubricant (L) moves up to the high-limit point, an excess lubricant is introduced from the lubricant reservoir (2c) into the scroll mechanism (3), since there is produced a difference in pressure between a lower space (2b) of the casing (2) and the suction chamber (14). As a result, the level of the lubricant (L) drops.

Abstract: In a refrigerating apparatus having a compression mechanism (21), an outdoor heat exchanger (24), an outdoor motor-operated expansion valve (25) and an indoor heat exchanger (32), the compression mechanism (21) is so composed that two compressors (2a, 2b) are connected in parallel with each other. Each compressor (2a, 2b) is provided with an oil discharge mechanism (40) for discharging, when lubricating oil stored in its casing exceeds a set amount, the lubricating oil.

Abstract: A high pressure gas compressor in one embodiment having an internal two staged compression with a compression chamber formed in part by a positive displacement, stepped piston and cylinder configuration, providing a first stage compression by an enlarged diameter segment of the piston and a second stage compression provided by a smaller diameter segment of the piston, and in another embodiment having an internal, single stage compression with a high compression ratio.

Abstract: In a system having low and high stage compressors with an oil separator downstream of each stage there can be a tendency for oil from the first stage to collect in the second stage. So, responsive to a low level of oil in the first stage oil system, oil is supplied from the second stage oil system to the first stage oil system.

Abstract: A valve, to control the injection of lubricant into a viscous material pump pipeline is disclosed. The valve is operated off a parameter of the viscous material pump such as hydraulic fluid pressure from one or both differential/popper teed lines for the pump. The preferred valve includes coaxial water and hydraulic oil spools on opposing ends of a rod, and two hydraulic signals are used to control water flow through two outlets, to properly feed water to two lubricant injectors. Inlets and outlets of the valve are all located along one surface, and an intermediate chamber is provided to receive any leakage past the rod seals.

Abstract: A compressor includes an air cooled lubricant temperature regulator and an engine for providing motive force to the compressor. A first, electric-driven, self-priming pump provides a supply of lubricant to the compressor prior to starting the engine and for a predetermined period of time after the engine is operating. The first pump is flow connected in fluid receiving relation with a lubricant reservoir. A first electronic controller means directs compressor operations, including directing operation of the first pump. A second electronic controller, external to the first controller means, directs operation of the first pump after engine operation. A second, compressor-driven, self-priming pump provides a primary lubricant pumping function during engine operation at predetermined run speeds.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for increasing the capacity of a gas compressor. The apparatus comprises a supercharger for compressing a gas flow and an evaporative cooler for cooling and ducting the supercharged gas flow to the gas compressor. The cooler comprises a section of pipe connecting the supercharger and the compressor. Mounted on the wall of the pipe are nozzles oriented upstream to atomize water into droplets of mean diameter ranging from about 4 to about 12 microns. The pipe is sized to provide a residence time of from about 0.1 to about 0.5 seconds for the droplets in the gas flow.

Abstract: A bypass filter system for use in low pressure, centrifugal type refrigeration equipment which allows complete isolation of a submicron filter element from the lubrication system through use of an inlet line shut-off and a return line shut-off. The filter system utilizes a variable regulator valve for balancing the operating parameters of the various systems involved to permit initial installation and set up, at which point thereafter the variable regulator may be replaced with a fixed regulator for continued operation of the system. Multiple devices for monitoring the filter element condition, verifying flow, detecting moisture, and displaying pressure readings may be used in conjunction with the basic device to enhance reliability and usefulness.

Abstract: In a compressor having an oil sump located therein, a restricted communication is provided between the oil sump and the suction plenum. As a result, froth generation due to a rapid pressure drop in the oil sump is reduced. A relief valve is provided to limit the pressure differential between the suction plenum and the oil sump.

Abstract: An oil cooled compressor includes a compressor body having a low pressure suction passage and a high pressure discharge passage. An oil tank is mounted to the discharge passage such that oil and drain water separated from a compressed gas in the discharge passage collect in the oil tank with water at a lowermost part of the oil tank. A drain water passage separate from a compressed gas discharge passage and an oil discharge passage, connects the lowermost part of the oil tank with a portion of the compressor body which is substantially at the low pressure. Drain water is thereby evaporated from the oil tank and returned to the compressor body.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for accurately regulating the compressibility of a compressible fluid in a pumping system utilizing a single zone of controlled cooling. Cryogenic cooling is employed for cooling a pump head and a thermally integrated heat exchanger such that a single source of cryogenic fluid can be applied to the heat exchanger to increase the bulk modulus of the compressible fluid just prior to and during the pumping process.

Abstract: In a refrigeration motor compressor of the hermetic type containing an electric motor compartment, and a crankcase compartment, an oil separator installed in the crankcase arranged to prevent oil splash from entering the system. The oil separator includes a generally nautilus shell-shaped structure, an elongated tubular structure, and a check valve assembly for controlling flow. The shell-shaped structure has cross baffles for controlling flow characteristics and a pin for centering the check valve assembly. The check valve assembly includes a helical spring with one end positioned in a retainer in the tubular structure. The other end of the spring fits around the pin and abuts an orifice disk in the shell-shaped structure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for delivering oil into a pump chamber of a high-vacuum stage of a multi-stage pump. The method includes the steps of sensing a first pressure at an intake region of the high-vacuum stage of the pump, and sensing a second pressure at a discharge region of the high-vacuum stage of the pump. Oil is delivered to the high-vacuum stage of the pump in response to a pressure difference between the first and second pressures. Increased quantities of oil are delivered to the high-vacuum stage of the pump when the pressure difference exceeds a predetermined value. A gas ballast may also be delivered to the high-vacuum stage of the pump when the pressure difference exceeds this predetermined value. The apparatus may include a diaphragm valve including a diaphragm mounted between subchambers that are respectively in fluid communication with the intake and discharge regions of the high-vacuum stage of the pump.

Abstract: A compressor cooling system is provided for use with an engine PTO driven oil-flooded air compressor. The compressor cooling system includes an oil flow path from the compressor oil outlet, through an oil/coolant heat exchanger, and to the compressor oil inlet. The system further includes a coolant flow path in fluid communication with the engine cooling system with the oil/coolant heat exchanger interposed in the coolant flow path. Thus, coolant flowing through the engine cooling path also flows through the oil/coolant heat exchanger in heat transfer relation with the compressor oil flowing therethrough. The compressor coolant flow path is integrated into the engine cooling system so that flow through the compressor coolant flow path is not interrupted by operation of the thermostatic bypass valve in the engine cooling system.

Abstract: A compressor has a motor and a compressor mechanism connected to the motor. The motor has a coil and is lubricated with lubricant. The compressor mechanism sucks and compresses low-pressure coolant and discharges high-pressure coolant. The compressor comprises a unit for preheating the lubricant, and a unit for detecting line-to-line impedance of the coil of the motor to know the quantity of a mixture of liquified coolant and the lubricant, and controlling activation of the preheating unit and of the compressor according to a result of the detection.

Abstract: A multi-stage compressor having variable volume compression ratios and automatic lubricating features. The multi-stage compressor comprises first and second pistons which are mounted for reciprocal movement in first and second cylinders so as to define a plurality of compression chambers. The pistons are rigidly connected by a connecting rod so as to define between the lubricating pumping chamber for lubricating the piston seals of the multi-stage compressor.

Abstract: A rotary compressor in a cooling or a heat pump system which is provided with an oil injector and includes an oil separator on the high pressure side of the system. Oil is returned to the compressor for lubrication, cooling and sealing and is normally caused to circulate by means of the natural pressure differences in the cooling system. When the pressure level is too small to provide sufficient oil circulation, an oil pump is connected. By employing a pressure controlled regulating valve in the system, which serves both as a pressure regulating and a flow regulating valve, the oil pump may be caused to run idle when a sufficient pressure difference has been attained in the system.

Abstract: The valve has a cylindrical, cartridge-like housing in which a piston is slidably disposed. The piston subdivides the housing into an outer chamber, at one housing end, into which oil under pressure is admitted, and an inner chamber from which oil is discharged. Ports formed in the housing open onto the inner chamber and allow the oil to pass therethrough and on into an associated air compressor. The other end of the valve housing defines a control chamber. The piston has a depending, cylindrical shank which (a) moves into, and removes from, the control chamber, and (b) has a disc, fixed onto the end of the shank, which is sealingly engaged with the wall of the control chamber. Channels are formed in the periphery of the piston, to allow oil to flow from the outer chamber to the inner chamber, but a land in the housing defines a seat for the piston which, when the piston closes thereupon, interdicts the aforesaid oil flow.

Abstract: The invention comprises supplanting the usual, single, electrically-operated, blowdown valve, located on the receiver/separator tank of a gas compressor system with a pair of valves operatively arranged in parallel. The one valve operates normally in the manner of the supplanted valve, albeit with reduced venting capacity, and the other is held closed on starting of the compressor. This restricts the venting of the tank and causes its quick pressurization, to induce prompt oil injection for the compressor. A sensor detects the injection oil temperature and when the latter has achieved a given setpoint, the other, vent-restricting valve is opened. Accordingly, the method comprises sensing the temperature of the oil injected into the compressor and holding one of the paired venting valves closed until the oil temperature reaches the aforesaid given or predetermined setpoint.

Abstract: A bypass oil filter arrangement for a refrigerant compressor of a transport refrigeration unit is provided in which a minor portion of oil outputted by a positive displacement oil pump is fed through the filter 62 while the major portion of oil from the pump is fed through the pressurized lubricating system of the compressor as indicated by arrows 36, the oil being supplied from the high pressure pump cavity 52 which is also in communication with the pressure regulator bore 44 containing a special pressure regulator 92 having a low pressure side 90 to which oil is returned through conduit 66 from the filter 60.

Abstract: In a first embodiment, the invention comprises supplanting the usual, single, electrically-operated, blowdown valve, located on the receiver/separator tank of a gas compressor system with a pair of valves operatively arranged in parallel. The one valve operates normally in the manner of the supplanted valve, albeit with reduced venting capacity, and the other is held closed on starting of the compressor. This restricts the venting of the tank and causes its quick pressurization, to induce prompt oil injection for the compressor. A sensor detects the injection oil temperature and when the latter has achieved a given setpoint, the other, vent-restricting valve is opened. Accordingly, the method comprises sensing the temperature of the oil injected into the compressor and holding one of the paired venting valves closed until the oil temperature reaches the aforesaid given or predetermined setpoint.

Abstract: The system comprises an arrangement for supplying sealing and lubrication oil to a gas compressor in an embodiment of the invention in which the oil pump is relieved of high pressure demand during normal compressor operating. A pneumatic control valve bypasses a quantity of the pump output in order that the pump can run with less energy demand. The valve is controlled by biasing and limiting pneumatic relays, and a pressure controller which regulate the bypass of pumped oil to a reservoir. One biasing relay adds a measure of pressure to a pilot signal, addressed to the control valve, to accommodate for line losses, and another relay establishes a lower, pilot signal limit, to insure that the oil pressure will not go below the pressure of coolant in an oil cooler.

Abstract: A liquid fuel injection pump includes a reciprocable pumping plunger located in a bore formed in a pump barrel. The barrel is located in a pump body. The bore has first groove for collecting fuel leaking from the pumping chamber defined by the plunger and bore, a second groove through which lubricating oil can be delivered to the working clearance between the plunger and the bore. In order to prevent fuel contaminating the lubricating oil a third groove is provided between the first and second grooves. The third groove is connected to an outlet through which contaminated lubricating oil can flow to a drain.

Abstract: An oil control system and regulator for controlling the oil level in the crankcase of one or more refrigeration compressors or the like are disclosed. The regulator comprises a shell and end cap closures defining a closed chamber for containing the oil. An inlet extends through one of the end cap closures and includes a float controlled valve for admitting liquid to the chamber as necessary to maintain the oil level in the chamber and compressor crankcases and also includes a piston which is movable up and down to adjust the float and the oil level in the regulator chamber. A threaded adjusting pin extends through the end cap closure and into the chamber and threads on the adjusting pin are threaded through a coupling bracket which couples the pin with the piston to move the piston, float and valve for adjusting the oil level.

Abstract: A spring actuated piston pump for use in lubricating the bearings of a turbo-charger rotor, both on starting and stopping an associated internal combustion engine. The pump has a piston-and cylinder combination the piston of which is spring-urged towards the cylinder head, and there is a releasable catch arrangement operable on the piston to restrain movement of the piston towards the cylinder head when the piston is part-way between the extremes of its travel. The catch means is solenoid operated for connection to the engine starter system, so that the piston is released when the engine is started.The pump chamber is connected to the engine lubrication system and the turbo-charger bearings through suitable ducts and one-way valves, so that on ordinary operation of the engine the pump chamber is full of oil with the piston fully retracted. On stopping the engine the piston moves under the spring bias discharging oil to the turbo-charger bearings until restrained by the catch arrangement.

Abstract: The invention comprises a novel oil distributing arrangement, employing a valve which has a plurality of responses, for use in a gas compressing system or the like. The valve has a plurality of ports for admitting oil thereinto from an oil pump via a cooler, and for discharging oil therefrom, to a gas compressor (or some such similar oil-using end item) or for by-passing oil directly back to the oil pump (or a pump-serving oil reservoir), or for by-passing the cooler, etc. A translating valving element opens and closes communication between different oil admittance and oil discharge ports in the valve, in response to discrete ranges of valve-operating fluid pressures addressed to the valving element, to effect the cited by-passing functions, and to maintain a fairly uniform pump output pressure level.

Abstract: A split cycle engine apparatus and method, the apparatus including a combustion engine, a novel compressor apparatus driven by the combustion engine, a closed-cycle refrigeration system in cooperation with the compressor apparatus, and a pneumatic motor driven by compressed air from the compressor apparatus. Refrigerant in the compressor absorbs thermal energy from compressed air and assists in compressing the air. High pressure air from the compressor is stored in a storage tank and may be used to drive the pneumatic motor or other auxiliary equipment in addition to providing high pressure combustion air for the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A transmission having hydraulic components including a hydrostatic unit with a variable displacement component having a hydraulic displacement control with a lubrication circuit for the components and a charge circuit for supplying fluid under pressure. First and second pumps are connected in series, with the first pump having a larger volume than the second pump to provide fluid to the second pump and to a lubricating circuit. A fluid line connects between the charge circuit and the lubrication circuit and has a lubrication priority valve therein which operates to provide fluid flow from the charge circuit to the lubrication circuit when required to maintain pressure in the lubrication circuit. Additionally, the charge circuit has a pair of branch lines, with one branch line having a charge priority valve therein which functions to control the flow through the one branch line leading to the hydraulic displacement control for the hydrostatic unit and to thus provide pressure control in the other branch line.

Abstract: A compressor capacity control and lubrication system including a nonmodulating capacity regulator for an oil flooded gas compressor such as a rotary screw compressor. The system includes an on-off intake regulator. The lubrication system insures sufficient supply of cooling and sealing lubrication when the machine is operating at loaded conditions and a limited quantity of cooling lubrication when the machine is operating at unloaded conditions. This is accomplished by the use of a pair of gas-liquid reservoirs. One of the reservoirs is vented to atmosphere during unloaded operation of the compressor. Lubricant is supplied from both reservoirs to the compressor when the machine is operating at loaded conditions, but only one of the reservoirs when operating at unloaded conditions.

Abstract: A vacuum pump, having a pumping chamber with intake and exhaust ports communicating therewith, is provided with an arrangement to insert a liquid lubricant into the pumping chamber. A sensing device is utilized to detect the pressure at the exhaust port, the sensing device permitting operation of a deactivating unit when the pressure at the exhaust port falls below a predetermined value, pressure below the predetermined value being indicative of improper pumping action in the pump. The deactivating unit acts to render inoperative the lubricant introducing arrangement when the sensing device detects a pressure at the exhaust port below the predetermined value, thus precluding the insertion of lubricant into the pumping chamber upon the occurrence of defective pumping action in the vacuum pump.