Abstract: An iron alloy material for brake components comprising substantially perlitic grey iron alloyed with further elements comprising: carbon present in an amount of 3.50-3.70% by weight; vanadium present in an amount of 0.05-0.1% by weight; molybdenum present in an amount of 0.20-0.30% by weight; silicon present in an amount of 1.90-2.0% by weight; manganese present in an amount of 0.55-0.70% by weight; phosphor present in a maximum amount of 0.10% by weight; sulphur present in an amount of 0.08-0.12% by weight; chromium present in an amount of 0.20-0.30% by weight; and copper present in an amount of 0.20-0.30% by weight.

Abstract: A lapping surface plate consisting of an Fe-base material containing 0.8 to 3.5 wt % of C, 1 to 7 wt % of Si, 5 to 15 wt % of Ni, and 1 wt % or less of Mn, the balance substantially being Fe, further containing 0.1 wt % or less of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, and Ce, and having a graphite structure and a hardness of 250 Hv or more.

Abstract: A tenacious wear resistant coating is applied with a high velocity oxygen-fuel thermal spray gun using a composite powder of aluminum and an iron base metal. The metal may be iron-chromium, iron-molybdenum, cast iron or a combination. A particular combination is a blend of a first powder and a second powder, the first powder consisting of a composite of aluminum subparticles and iron-molybdenum alloy subparticles, and the second powder consisting of a composite of aluminum subparticles and cast iron subparticles. An internal combustion engine block has such a coating applied to the cylinder walls.

Abstract: A cast iron having an austenitic matrix and consisting essentially of from 1% up to 3.5% carbon, up to 1.5% silicon, from 32% to 39.5% nickel, from 1% to less than 4% cobalt, up to 41% of the combined total of nickel plus cobalt and the balance substantially all iron provides a low expansion coefficient, good castability, good cutting properties and good damping capacity.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent for the desulphurization, magnesium treatment and inoculation of cast iron melts in a single step based on a silicon alloy, wherein the agent has the following composition:______________________________________ silicon 30 to 80% by wt. magnesium 5 to 30% by wt. calcium 0.1 to 25% by wt. bismuth 0.1 to 2% by wt. cerium mischmetal 0.1 to 5% by wt. iron balance. ______________________________________The present invention also provides processes for the production of this agent. In addition, the present invention is concerned with the use of this agent for the simultaneous desulphurization, magnesium treatment and inoculation of cast iron melts in a single step.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a cast iron having a graphite structure in an austenitic iron matrix and consisting essentially of, in weight %, at least about 1.0% and not more than about 3.5% of carbon, not more than about 1.0% of silicon, at least about 29% and not more than about 34% of nickel, at least about 4% and not more than about 8% of cobalt and the balance substantially all iron.

Abstract: A lapping tool with a flatness in the range below 20 .mu.m which is made of at least cast iron having an austenitic matrix and consisting essentially of from 1% up to 3.5% carbon, up to 1.5% silicon, from 32% to 39.5% nickel, from 1% to less than 4% cobalt, up to 41% of the combined total of nickel plus cobalt and the balance substantially all iron providing a low expansion coefficient, good castability, good cutting properties and good damping capacity. (By % is meant % by weight).

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making gray iron having both increased wear resistance and impact toughness, comprising: (a) solidifying a hypoeutectic gray iron melt (i) to which has been added a eutectic carbide forming agent in an amount of 0.3-0.8% by weight, selected from the group consisting of Ti, V and Cr, and, advantageously, a high carbon austenite/ferrite forming agent in an amount of 0.5-3.0%, by weight, selected from the group consisting of nickel and copper, and at a solidification rate to form an austenite matrix with a mixture of flake graphite and eutectic carbide particles suspended in said matrix; and (b) heat treating the solid by (i) heating to a temperature and for a period of time to fully austenitize the solid, (ii) quenching the solid to a temperature level and for a period of time to decompose austenite to form a high carbon austenite and ferrite matrix, and (iii) air cooling the solid to room temperature. The hypoeutectic gray iron contains less than 4.

Abstract: Nodular cast iron having favorable mechanical properties, in particular a high impact strength at low temperatures, comprising: from 3.0 to 4.0% of carbon; from 1.5 to 2.3% of silicon; less than 0.3% of manganese; not more than 0.03% of phosphorus; less than 0.10% of chromium; from 0.02 to 0.06% of magnesium; and from 0.0015 to 0.0150 weight % of bismuth with the balance consisting of iron and inevitable impurities and the CE (carbon equivalent) value being from 3.9 to 4.6%. This material is characterized by a low silicon content. Adding from 0.5 to 2.0% of nickel thereto improves its tensile strength and yield strength. Preferably, from 0.005 to 0.03% of bismuth is added to this nodular cast iron in molten state so as to produce more than 300 graphite nodules per mm.sup.2. The remaining bismuth content is preferably from 0.0015 to 0.015%, more preferably from 0.0015 to 0.004%.

Abstract: A super hard high-speed tool steel having a composition satisfying the condition of 0.ltoreq.C-Ceq.ltoreq.0.6 (where Ceq=0.06Cr+0.033 W+0.063 Mo+0.2 V within the range of 1.7.ltoreq.C.ltoreq.4.1%, the composition containing 3 to 10% of Cr, 1 to 20% of W, 1 to 15% of Mo (where 18.ltoreq.W+2Mo.ltoreq.40), 1 to 15% of V, not greater than 15% of Co, not greater than 2% of Si, not greater than 1% of Mn, and the balance substantially Fe and inevitable impurities, the steel further containing in uniformly dispersed state 2 to 12% in total of one, two or more selected from a group consisting of nitrides, carbides and carbonitrides of Ti, V, Zr, Nb, Hf and Ta in the composition. This tool steel exhibits a distinguished hardness of HRC 71 or higher, as well as toughness.