Abstract: In order to efficiently kill airborne fungi in a room, an ion generator includes an ion generator, a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature, and a humidity sensor for detecting a humidity. The ion generator is controlled based on a temperature detection result detected by the temperature sensor and a humidity detection result detected by the humidity sensor. As ions are generated in accordance with the temperature and humidity, airborne fungi can efficiently be killed.

Abstract: A system for on site monitoring and controlling the characteristics of a body of water by measuring the water characteristics in a first position and adjusting the water characteristics in a second position through either adding dispensable materials to the water or changing the energy of the water or both.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to a decontamination unit which is energy efficient and may be used to decontaminate a large enclosure such as a multi-room building. The invention also relates to a decontamination process. The decontamination unit may be ruggedized for use in hostile environments such as those that may be anticipated for military applications.

Abstract: A portable, lightweight, easy-to-carry, reusable, durable, and environmentally-friendly assembly for sterilizing contaminated equipment using conditions of a chemical sterilant, heat, and humidity generated in situ without requiring external electricity, fuels, or other exogenous energy sources for operation. The carry assembly includes a plastic carry-case or insulated aluminum pressure vessel having an inner chamber for accepting microbiologically contaminated objects, a vessel disposed in the chamber for serving as a reaction chamber and/or boiler, a chemical combination which upon mixing generates at least minimally sufficient conditions of the sterilant, heat, and humidity to effect sterilization of the objects, and outlet valves mounted on the carry-case for controllably venting pressures above ambient air pressure.

Abstract: A method of disinfecting and wetting the inside of a building and articles therein at or about one atmospheric pressure which involves the steps of sealing the interior of the building, then conditioning the air inside of the building to a specific temperature and humidity, then heating said air and introducing any of a number of anti-bacterial agents in aqueous solution into said air until a higher specific temperature and humidity are achieved causing the air to be disinfected then optionally condensing the humid air and antibacterial agent until all of the interior surfaces are wetted and disinfected and condensing water vapor onto the interior surfaces then evaporating the liquid wetting said surfaces then condensing said vapor into a disposal tank or sewer and then condensing water again onto the interior surfaces and evaporating it then disposing of the vaporized water.

Abstract: A system and method control microbes on a target. In one embodiment, the system controls microbes on a target with hydrogen peroxide gas. The system includes a purification device. The purification device includes a catalyst having titanium dioxide and a light disposed to emit electromagnetic radiation into the catalyst. The purification device is disposed to allow air to flow into the purification device and contact the catalyst, with a reaction producing hydrogen peroxide gas. The system also includes the hydrogen peroxide gas exiting the purification device. The hydrogen peroxide gas controls microbes on the target by degrading the microbes.

Abstract: A method and device degrade microbes. In one embodiment, the device includes a purification device for producing hydrogen peroxide gas from air. The air comprises water vapor and oxygen. The purification device includes a body comprising an interior, an air inlet, and a gas outlet. The purification device also includes a catalyst. The catalyst is disposed within the interior. The catalyst comprises titanium dioxide. In addition, the purification device includes a light disposed to emit electromagnetic radiation into the catalyst. Moreover, the purification device includes a fan. The fan is disposed to blow air in a direction. The catalyst is disposed at an angle in relation to the direction.

Abstract: A portable, lightweight, easy-to-carry, reusable, durable, and environmentally-friendly assembly for sterilizing contaminated equipment using conditions of a chemical sterilant, heat, and humidity generated in situ without requiring external electricity, fuels, or other exogenous energy sources for operation. The carry assembly includes a plastic carry-case or insulated aluminum pressure vessel having an inner chamber for accepting microbiologically contaminated objects, a vessel disposed in the chamber for serving as a reaction chamber and/or boiler, a chemical combination which upon mixing generates at least minimally sufficient conditions of the sterilant, heat, and humidity to effect sterilization of the objects, and outlet valves mounted on the carry-case for controllably venting pressures above ambient air pressure.

Abstract: A control system of a surgery autoclave is described, which is capable of establishing a sterilization cycle which includes at least a first evacuation step of a sterilization chamber and of heating of a load and a final drying step. The autoclave includes a device capable of detecting a parameter proportional to the energy used up in a step of the cycle preceding the drying step and the control system establishes at least a reduction of the drying step upon determining that, the parameter of used up energy lies below a preset threshold.

Abstract: An on-demand portable chlorine dioxide generator has a reagent bound medium in a first enclosed volume; a complementary reagent solution in a second enclosed volume, and a structure for selecting between a first position where the complementary reagent solution is forced through the reagent bound medium and a second position where said complementary reagent solution remains isolated from the reagent bound ion exchange medium, where a ClO2 solution is generated only during periods when the structure for forcing is actuated. The ClO2 solution can be discharged for use as a portable sprayer that can be used to treat surfaces infected by anthrax or other biological contaminants. When the bound reagent is chlorite, the complementary reagent is an acid or an oxidant. When the bound reagent is an acid or an oxidant, the complementary reagent solution is a chlorite solution.

Abstract: Titania is a semiconductor and photocatalyst that is also chemically inert. With its bandgap of 3.0, to activate the photocatalytic property of titania requires light of about 390 nm wavelength, which is in the ultra-violet, where sunlight is very low in intensity. A method and devices are disclosed wherein stress is induced and managed in a thin film of titania in order to shift and lower the bandgap energy into the longer wavelengths that are more abundant in sunlight. Applications of this stress-induced bandgap-shifted titania photocatalytic surface include photoelectrolysis for production of hydrogen gas from water, photovoltaics for production of electricity, and photocatalysis for detoxification and disinfection.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for sanitizing an object. The process comprises: (i) placing the object to be sanitized in a substantially enclosed environment, the environment being at atmospheric pressure when the object is placed therein, (ii) providing a gaseous chlorine dioxide vapour in the environment, and (iii) exposing the gaseous chlorine dioxide vapour to the object to sanitize the object. The process includes maintaining a pressure in the environment at substantially atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A method for removing the human scent and any other scent that is not advantageous to the environment you are in from clothing and equipment used by sportsmen by the use of gaseous ozone or hydroxyl and hydroperoxide ions. The gas is applied directly or indirectly to the clothing, equipment and body while the hunter is in the field and/or prior to or after the hunt. The method can also be used by fishermen to eliminate fish odor. The method of delivering a gas in compressed/generated form from a container.

Abstract: A system for gas sterilization includes a sterilization chamber, a source of sterilant gas, and a sterilant gas remediation mechanism. Embodiments relate to systems and methods for delivering humidified air to a sterilization chamber, systems and methods for removing gaseous NO2 from an exhaust gas stream of a sterilization chamber, systems and methods for removing and replacing a source of sterilant gas, an exhaust gas scrubber and/or supplies for a humidification system. Some embodiments relate to hardware and software for user interface in a sterilizing device and hardware and software for control of a sterilization cycle. Some embodiments relate to chamber, chassis and door configurations of a sterilizer.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus for delivery of a gas, e.g., carbon dioxide and/or chlorine dioxide, and methods of its use and manufacture. The apparatus includes a sachet constructed in part with a hydrophobic material. The sachet contains one or more reactants that generate a gas in the presence of an initiating agent, e.g., water. The apparatus can also include a barrier layer and/or a rigid frame. In another embodiment, the apparatus is combined with a reservoir that can be used to deliver a gas to the reservoir and, optionally, a conduit. In another embodiment, the apparatus is incorporated into a fluid dispersion system that includes a dispersion apparatus, e.g., a humidifier.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition for production of a sterilizer having a water content of 1 to 25% by weight and comprising (A) an ester of a polyhydric alcohol and an organic acid having a hydrocarbon group which may have a hydroxyl group and (B1) hydrogen peroxide. From the composition, a sterilizer is obtained as an aqueous solution containing an organic peracid.

Abstract: A method of sterilizing an article by sequentially exposing the article to hydrogen peroxide and ozone is disclosed. The article is exposed under vacuum first to an evaporated aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and subsequently to an ozone containing gas. The exposure is carried out without reducing the water vapor content of the sterilization atmosphere, the water vapor content being derived from the aqueous solvent of the hydrogen peroxide solution and from the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. The complete sterilization process is carried out while the chamber remains sealed and without removal of any component of the sterilization atmosphere. For this purpose, the chamber is initially evacuated to a first vacuum pressure sufficient to cause evaporation of the aqueous hydrogen peroxide at the temperature of the chamber atmosphere. The chamber is then sealed for the remainder of the sterilization process and during all sterilant injection cycles.

Abstract: A method and system for sterilizing an item using ozone and a secondary molecule is provided. The secondary molecule comprises hydrogen for conversion to a hydroxyl radical. The item and secondary molecular are inserted into a container, and a gaseous mixture containing ozone can be inserted into the container by way of a filling station having an ozone source and a vacuum pump to remove air from the container. Sterilization occurs within the container such that the container can be removed from the filling station. A preferred secondary molecule is an alcohol, such as isopropyl alcohol. Prior to insertion of the item into the container, the item can be soaked in a nutrient rich hot water bath at or near boiling and optionally at a pressure above atmospheric to assist in sterilization.

Abstract: A method of testing a sterilization process for a packaging member such as, for example, for containers or machines, may include the steps of acting upon at least one first region of the packaging member or of the machine with an oxidizable medium. The method further includes acting upon at least one second region of the packaging member or of the machine with an oxidizing agent. The first region and the second region overlap at least in part. The method may also include visually inspecting at least one intersection region, which has been acted upon both with the oxidizable medium and with the oxidizing agent.

Abstract: A free radical decontamination method and system. The system is comprised of a chamber defining a region, and a generator for generating free radical reach effluent from a free radical electric generator and hydrogen peroxide solution with water. A closed loop circulating system is provided for supplying the mixture of free radicals from the electric generator mixed with the hydrogen peroxide solution in the form of the effluent to the chamber.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a device for generating aqueous chlorine dioxide solutions when the device is contacted with liquid water. The device comprises an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chlorite, e.g., sodium chlorite, and a chemical reagent comprising an acid or a material capable of releasing an acid upon exposure to liquid water, e.g., sodium bisulfate. The chlorite and the reagent are either combined as a mixture or are disposed as separate components adhered to the surface of one or more substrates. Upon exposure to liquid water, the chlorite and the reagent produce boundary layers. The chlorite and the reagent are disposed upon, and adhered to, the surface(s) of the substrates in a manner such that upon exposure to liquid water, the chlorite boundary layer comes into contact with the reagent boundary layer to thereby produce an aqueous chlorine dioxide solution.

Abstract: A method of generating a microbial deactivation fluid to circulate through an apparatus that has a decontamination chamber for holding medical instruments and devices, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a first compartment and a second compartment in the circulation system; (b) providing a chemical reagent in the first compartment and a builder composition in the second compartment; (c) causing a fluid to flow through the second compartment to mix with the builder composition to create an alkaline fluid; (d) when the alkaline fluid has reached a predetermined pH level, causing the alkaline fluid to flow through the first compartment to mix with the chemical reagent to dissolve the chemical reagent to generate a microbial deactivation fluid; and (e) continuing steps (c) and (d) to continue the generation of the microbial deactivation fluid.

Abstract: An apparatus for disinfecting and/or deodorizing an article comprises a cabinet defining a compartment configured to receive the article. A regenerative dryer is positioned with respect to the compartment and is configured to dehydrate air flowing into an ozone generator. The ozone generator is in communication with the dryer and is positioned with respect to the compartment. The ozone generator is configured to selectively generate ozone. The generated ozone is introduced into the compartment. An ozone conversion device is positioned with respect to the compartment and is configured to selectively convert ozone back to oxygen. A controller is configured to selectively activate the dryer, ozone generator and ozone conversion device.

Abstract: A method of detecting bacterial kill using a vaporized sterilant includes the steps of generating a sterilant/water vapour and supplying the vapour to a sealed space to be sterilized. The supply of sterilant/water vapour is continued to raise the concentration of the sterilant in the sealed space, and the concentration of the sterilant in the vapour is monitored to determine when the rate of change of the concentration falls to a predetermined minimal level indicating that condensation has occurred resulting in kill of any bacteria present in the space. Supply of sterilant/water vapour to the space is then terminated.

Abstract: A method and apparatus disinfects enclosed spaces by the dispersal of aerosols ionized alternately with negative and positive electrostatic polarity.

Abstract: A mobile deactivation apparatus for deactivating contaminants within a defined region that includes a source of a vaporous deactivating agent, a gas handling system, a support member, a drive means, a control system, and a power system is disclosed. The gas handling system dispenses the vaporous deactivating agent to the defined region. The support member is movable in the defined region and supports the source of the vaporous deactivating agent and the gas handling system. The support member can be propelled by the drive means. The control system is programmed to control the operation of the gas handling system and the drive means. A power system is provided to supply power to the mobile deactivation apparatus.

Abstract: A method which enhances a disinfection process by using a catalyst which increases in effective surface area during the process. Also disclosed are contact lens disinfecting systems which are designed to maintain a high concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution for a longer period of time before increasing the overall surface area of catalyst exposed to the hydrogen peroxide solution. The devices utilize pressure from expanding oxygen generated within the system through use of a small catalyst, or through exposure of only a small portion of a large catalyst, to control deployment of the large catalyst for completing disproportionation of the hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: Systems and methods for cleansing and/or sanitizing using a gaseous media are disclosed. Various hand cleansing and/or sanitizing formulations can be emanated from a system in a discrete packet of gaseous media such as a vortex ring. A hand cleansing and/or sanitizing formulation can be projected to a hand with excellent accuracy and cohesiveness. The gaseous medium can include a permanent gas and/or vapor, and can have a liquid and/or solid in a stable aerosolized form.

Abstract: The current invention encompasses a microemulsion having environmentally safe components, the microemulsion exhibiting optical clarity and stability over a wide range of temperatures. The microemulsion also forms a part of a decontaminant solution for treating chemical and biological contaminant agents, the solution preferably containing peroxycarboxylic acids generated from solids as the primary decontamination agent. The solution is a single phase emulsion that is both stable and effective over a broad range of temperatures, the range extending well below 0° C. There is also disclosed a microemulsion decontaminate solution having components that stabilize the included solid and peroxycarboxylic acids.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the cleaning of containers such as plastic bottles in a bottle filling plant or containers in a container filling plant. The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b): A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims, under the heading “Abstract of the Disclosure.” The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims. Therefore, any statements made relating to the abstract are not intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.

Abstract: A procedure and apparatus for the treating containers such as plastic bottles in a bottle filling plant or containers in a container filling plant. The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b): A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims, under the heading “Abstract of the Disclosure.” The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims. Therefore, any statements made relating to the abstract are not intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.

Abstract: A color laser printer is provided with a first exhaust duct for exhausting ozone generated by a charging unit etc. inside a housing to the outside of the housing. The first exhaust duct is therein provided with a catalytic honeycomb filter for ozone gas treatment and an ion emitting unit for emitting negative ions into an atmosphere. Most of an ozone gas component is decomposed and/or absorbed by the catalytic honeycomb filter for ozone gas treatment. Furthermore, the residual ozone gas component is decomposed by the negative ions generated by the ion emitting unit. This arrangement makes it possible to provide a new ozone removal device which is different from an ozone decomposing filter or a heat source.

Abstract: A system includes a portable source of gaseous chlorine dioxide (CD). The source has first source and return couplings for sealingly connecting to a CD generation flow path comprising at least one gas conduit. The CD generation flow path comprises second source and return couplings for sealingly connecting the source to a device to be treated with the CD generation flow path, or a tent structure enclosing the device to be treated. A portable scrubber has third couplings for sealingly connecting to a scrubbing flow path comprising at least one gas conduit for removing the CD from the device or tent structure. The gas conduit has fourth couplings for connecting the device or tent structure to the scrubbing flow path.

Abstract: A sterilizing apparatus and method provide a sterilizing system having a sterilization chamber and a method for sterilizing an item in the sterilization chamber. The method includes the steps of: loading the item into the sterilization chamber; evacuating gas from the sterilization chamber; preparing sterilant gas by use of plasma; and filling the sterilization chamber with the sterilant gas to a preset pressure. The method further includes the steps of waiting a preset time interval to thereby accomplish an intended sterilization and evacuating the sterilant gas from the sterilization chamber.

Abstract: A decontamination system suitable for decontaminating items of medical equipment such as endoscopes, the system comprising: (I) a plurality of pre-clean wipes comprising moist fabric members for wiping an item to be decontaminated; (II) a two-part sterilant system comprising: (a) a first part comprising a first reagent in a carrier medium; and (b) a second part which is miscible with the first part and which comprises a second reagent in a carrier medium; wherein the first reagent and the second reagent will react when mixed to provide a sterilising composition; the first part being contained in a dispenser (2) whereby it may be dispensed as a fluid, and the second part being absorbed or impregnated in a plurality of sterilising wipes (18) each of which comprises a fabric member in a sealed container (20); and (III) a plurality of rinse wipes, each rinse wipe comprising a moist, sterile, fabric member in its own sealed container (40).

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a portable apparatus for decontaminating an enclosed room or other space which includes a passageway having an air inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end. A pump causes a flow of air through the passageway from the inlet to the outlet. A heater heats the air flowing through the passageway to a predetermined temperature, a flash evaporator being in communication with the passageway. Liquid decontaminant is pumped from a supply of decontaminant to the evaporator to be evaporated and for the evaporant to be delivered to the air flow in the passage to flow in the air flow from the outlet to the rooms to be decontaminated. A universally rotating nozzle is provided at the outlet to distribute the decontaminant containing air throughout the enclosure.

Abstract: A medical fluid machine, such as a dialysis machine, includes a pump that pumps a medical fluid and sterile water or other disinfecting liquid, such as ozonated water, for flushing and reconditioning the medical fluid machine. The machine may also include a heater that heats the medical fluid or disinfecting solution in order to kill bacteria and other microorganisms that may contaminate the machine after use. Disinfecting the machine, and a disposable kit used with the machine, may allow re-use of the disposable within a reasonable amount of time after completion of the disinfecting procedure. Dialysate treated with ultra-violet light or water with low concentrations of ozone also helps make the disposable kits suitable for reuse.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing medical waste is provided. The apparatus includes: (i) a drum defining a substantially cylindrical treatment chamber having a closed end and a substantially open end, wherein the drum is rotationally balanced about a rotational axis; (ii) an enclosing body supporting the drum so that the drum can be rotated within the body about the rotational axis of the drum, the body having an opening for accessing the open end of the drum, wherein the opening is located substantially in a plane perpendicular to the rotational axis of the drum; (iii) a movable barrier for selectively closing the opening for accessing the open end of the drum; (iv) a structure for supporting the enclosing body so that the pitch of the rotational axis of the drum is positioned or can be positioned in at least one position between about 0 degrees and about 30 degrees.

Abstract: The system, method and apparatus involves the control of microbiological contamination of food processing equipment such as a commercial freeze dryer using oxidation gases. An oxidative gas generator such as a REME system produces low levels of ozone, vaporized hydrogen peroxide and other oxidative gases. These compounds act as anti-microbial agents and systematically inactivate bacteria, viruses, yeast and mold in the air and on surfaces around and inside the food processing equipment.

Abstract: The system, method and apparatus involves the control of microbiological contamination of commercial freeze dryers using advanced oxidation gases produced by Photohydroionization (PHI) Cell technology. The PHI Cell system produces hydro peroxides, super oxide ions, ozonide ions, hydroxides and other oxidative gases. These compounds act as anti-microbial agents and systematically inactivate bacteria, viruses, yeast and mold in the air and on surfaces inside commercial freeze dryers.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing peroxycarboxylic acids from carboxylic acid esters. More specifically, carboxylic acid esters are reacted with an inorganic peroxide, such as hydrogen peroxide, in the presence of an enzyme catalyst having perhydrolysis activity. The present perhydrolase catalysts are classified as members of the carbohydrate esterase family 7 (CE-7) based on the conserved structural features. Further, disinfectant formulations comprising the peracids produced by the processes described herein are provided.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing peroxycarboxylic acids from carboxylic acid esters. More specifically, carboxylic acid esters are reacted with an inorganic peroxide, such as hydrogen peroxide, in the presence of an enzyme catalyst having perhydrolysis activity. The present perhydrolase catalysts are classified as members of the carbohydrate esterase family 7 (CE-7) based on the conserved structural features. Further, disinfectant formulations comprising the peracids produced by the processes described herein are provided.

Abstract: An apparatus (200, 300, 400) for generating superheated steam capable of reducing or eliminating microorganisms associated with an item (230) includes a gas heater (10) for heating a gas, a steam generator coupled to the gas heater (10) and having a reservoir (216, 304) for supplying water, wherein the heater (10) heats the gas such that when water is combined therewith, a mixture of superheated steam and gas capable of reducing or eliminating microorganisms is discharged from the apparatus (200, 300, 400). The generation of the steam-gas mixture may be done at one atmosphere of pressure and the mixing may be done prior to expelling the fluid from the apparatus (200, 300, 400). The apparatus (400) may be configured as a hand-held device, A method of treating an item (230) for microorganisms includes generating a superheated steam at approximately one atmosphere of pressure, directing a flow of the steam onto the item (230), and reducing or eliminating microorganisms using the steam.

Abstract: An exhaust smoke denitrating apparatus in which using an NH3 injection unit, compressed air is fed from blower to ejector for extracting of exhaust gas from HRSG1, and with thus obtained mixed gas, NH3-containing gas is produced from NH3 water by NH3 water evaporator, the NH3-containing gas injected through NH3-containing gas injection nozzle of the HRSG1 disposed on a front stream side of denitration catalyst layer. As any high-temperature exhaust gas is cooled and diluted by compressed air, there is no danger of oxidation of NH3 during the stage of evaporation of NH3 water. The moisture level of exhaust gas can be lowered, thereby enabling inhibition of any drain generation in exhaust gas extraction piping. Air warming within NH3 water evaporation system can be carried out at an early stage.

Abstract: The current invention encompasses a microemulsion having environmentally safe components, the microemulsion exhibiting optical clarity and stability over a wide range of temperatures. The microemulsion also forms a part of a decontaminant solution for treating chemical and biological contaminant agents, the solution preferably containing peroxycarboxylic acids generated from solids as the primary decontamination agent. The solution is a single phase emulsion that is both stable and effective over a broad range of temperatures, the range extending well below 0° C. There is also disclosed a microemulsion decontaminate solution having components that stabilize the included solid and peroxycarboxylic acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to chemical and biological decontamination solutions and methods of using them. The invention is useful for decontaminating and/or disinfecting a wide range of compounds and organisms. In particular, the systems, methods, solutions, and formulations of the invention can be used to remove and/or neutralize organophosphates, mustard agents, and other toxic chemicals, bacteria, bacterial spores, fungi, molds and viruses.

Abstract: A stand-alone apparatus to deliver a sterile, filled syringe to a user. The syringe dispenser includes a controller to accept input from the user and to convert the input into an electrical control signal. The syringe dispenser also includes an ozone generator coupled to the controller. The ozone generator generates ozone on demand according to the input from the user. The user may input a parameter for a concentration and/or a volume of ozone. Additionally, the syringe dispenser includes a syringe preparation station coupled to the ozone generator. The syringe preparation station sterilizes the syringe with a first amount of the ozone and fills the syringe with a second amount of the ozone.

Abstract: As shown in FIG. 1 there is one embodiment of a fumigation apparatus in the form of a module (8) including a panel (10) which can be positioned in or at an opening of an enclosed space in use to define a fumigation chamber. Fumigant inlet means in the form of an orifice (12) are arranged in the panel (10) to allow a flow of a fumigant directly into the fumigation chamber. A nominal number of mixing fans, in this case two fans (16) and (18), thoroughly circulate gases within the fumigation chamber when operating. The module (8) includes a system control box (14) linked to the fumigant delivery orifice (12) and valve system which functions to control the flow of toxic gas into the fumigation chamber. The panel (10), when positioned in use, is secure against the passage of fumigant and gases by means of an inflatable rubber seal (22) which is located around a lip edge perimeter of the panel (10).

Abstract: A method and system for surely and conveniently generating plasma in a narrow tube having a small diameter. A first electrode formed by a conductive member covered with an insulator or dielectric is inserted into a narrow tube. The narrow tube is located on a second electrode. A power supply applies an alternating voltage or pulse voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode so that plasma is generated in the narrow tube around the first electrode.

Abstract: The invention describes the use of an inorganic substance which forms hydrogen cations when in contact with an aqueous medium, which trigger an antimicrobial effect, the substance containing molybdenum and/or tungsten.