Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treatment of fluids, the invention being characterized in that ozone is generated in the medium, which ozone is exposed to UV radiation at the same time as it is being generated, so that the ozone is broken down and free radicals are obtained. The invention also relates to an apparatus in accordance with the method, which apparatus comprises an enclosure (1) provided with at least one inlet (2) and at least one outlet (3). The apparatus is characterized in that an oxidizing member (4) is arranged in the enclosure (1) and generates ozone and at the same time breaks down the ozone to free radicals.

Abstract: A method for treating poultry litter which inhibits ammonia volatilization and reduces soluble phophorus levels in the litter. The method comprises the addition of alum to litter in an amount sufficient to maintain the litter pH at values low enough to inhibit ammonia volatilization. The addition of alum, iron or calcium compounds to litter also effectively precipitates soluble phosphorus in litter, thereby reducing the amount of soluble phosphorus runoff from fields receiving litter.

Abstract: A deodorizing and disinfecting apparatus having catalyst deterioration detection function of the present invention comprises: an air supply portion for inhaling air inside; an ozone generating portion for discharging ozone to the inhaled air: a catalyst for accelerating deodorizing and disinfecting actions and decomposition of the ozone disposed downstream from the ozone generating portion; an ozone sensor for detecting the concentration of remaining ozone disposed downstream from the catalyst; and means for repeating a cycle including stop of ozone discharge from the ozone generating portion for a predetermined time period when the concentration of the remaining ozone reaches a predetermined concentration or more, and for determining that the catalyst is deteriorated when a condition wherein an interval between times when the concentration of the remaining ozone is not less than a predetermined concentration becomes shorter than a predetermined time period is recognized at a predetermined frequency, and then

Abstract: An air-purifying filter includes a carrier base and a TiO.sub.2 -Pd composite catalyst supported on the carrier base. CO in air treated by the filter is adsorbed onto the Pd surface and thus decomposed by oxidization to CO.sub.2, whereas sulfur compounds in the air are adsorbed onto the Pd surface and then transferred to the TiO.sub.2 surface where they are decomposed by oxidization to SO.sub.4.sup.-2 when the TiO.sub.2 is subjected to irradiation. Preferably, Pd exists in a relatively small quantity at a first side of the carrier base in the vicinity of a light source and in a greater quantity at a second side opposite the first side. The first side is preferably located upstream relative to flow of air treated by the filter. An air-purifier utilizing this filter is mounted in an automobile, preferably on a rear shelf or in a trunk compartment.

Abstract: An air abatement system that includes a pre-treatment system and an air treatment system for abatement of contaminated air that includes pollutants such as V.O.C.s, NOx, and/or CO. The air stream is treated using activated air, activated water, and ultraviolet light under conditions that produce hyroxyls, peroxides, and other oxidants without the formation of ozone. These oxidants are also utilized in the activated air, with the activated water being formed as an aqueous solution of the activated air. The pre-treatment system includes a quenching zone where activated water is misted into the air stream, followed by alternating reaction zones and depletion zones where activated air is added and then turbulently mixed with the air stream. The air treatment system includes a primary treatment tunnel, carbon bed system, activated air generator, and a sparger tank farm. Activated air produced by the generator as added into water while being exposed to ultraviolet light in the sparger tank farm.

Abstract: An improved oxygen generator (20) includes an air compressor (21) having a pressure port (22) and a suction port (23) and being selectively operable to produce a flow of air from the suction port to the pressure port; a molecular sieve (30) having an inlet communicating with the compressor and having an outlet, the sieve being adapted to adsorb nitrogen from a flow of gas passing therethrough; a storage tank (33) communicating with the sieve outlet and adapted to store oxygen-rich gas passing through the sieve; and a control valve (24) operatively arranged between the compressor and the sieve and being selectively movable between a first position in which air flows from the compressor suction port through the sieve to the storage tank and a second position in which oxygen-rich gas flows from the storage tank through the sieve and control valve to desorb nitrogen in the sieve.

Abstract: A garbage disposing device of an energy-saving type comprises a housing having an air intake port and an air discharge port, and a vessel mounted within the housing to store therein food wastes. The vessel has an air inlet and an air outlet. An intake passage is formed in the housing to extend from the intake port to the air inlet for introducing a fresh air into the vessel. An exhaust passage is formed within the housing to extend from the air outlet to the discharge port for discharging therethrough an air containing unpleasant odor resulting from a decomposition of the food wastes. A deodorizer unit comprises a catalyst for decomposing the unpleasant odor in the air, a heater for activating the catalyst, and a case for incorporating therein the catalyst and the heater.

Abstract: Applying electrical energy to a microorganism through a liquid, gas or solid having electrical energy causes an increase in an electric charge in excess of the limit of intracellular and extracellular electrostatic capacity possessed by the microorganism, which results in an irreversible change in the microorganism cells and/or explosively destroys the border membrane of the microorganism cells.

Abstract: An air filtration and purification system, particularly adapted for treating contaminated air within a preselected zone of a building interior space, includes a filter and purifier unit comprising first and second stage particle filters, an odor neutralizer comprising an ozone generator, an activated carbon adsorbent media for extracting gaseous compositions exposed to the ozone injected into the airflow stream and an ultrahigh efficiency final stage particle filter. All filter units and the ozone generator are disposed in a cabinet together with one or more air propulsion fans interposed between the second stage particle filter and the adsorbent media. The system is particularly configured for removing air containing tobacco smoke and other contaminants from smoking areas of restaurants and other places of business and may be configured to return purified and odorized air through ceiling ducts to form an air curtain defining the zone.

Abstract: A method for producing chlorine dioxide by activating zeolite crystals (which have been impregnated with metal chlorite such as sodium chlorite, and a water-retaining substance such as magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, or potassium hydroxide, or calcium chloride) with an acid, or activating an aqueous solution of metal chlorite (preferably sodium chlorite) and such a water-retaining substance. Acids useful for performing the activation are acetic acid, phosphoric acid, and citric acid. The activation can be performed by causing fluid to flow through a bed of zeolite crystals impregnated with calcium chloride (or another water-retaining substance) and sodium chlorite, and a bed of zeolite crystals impregnated with the acid. The two beds can be physically mixed together, or the fluid can be caused to flow sequentially through distinct first and second beds (preferably first through the bed containing acid-impregnated zeolite).

Abstract: An insect repellant method and apparatus that can protect a defined area from insects for a determinable time period. The invention may be practiced in conjunction with or independent of normal building systems. The invention creates an invisible veil of protection against insects.

Abstract: A device for sterilizing a air within a structure, the device having a housing structured to permit air to freely flow therethrough, a base structure coupled with the housing to maintain a bottom of the housing a distance above an underlying surface so as to not obstruct air flowing into the housing, and at least one ceramic heating bundle disposed within the housing.

Abstract: Wastewater lagoons are treated with chlorine oxygen compounds to react with odorous sulfides and mercaptans emanating from the lagoon. A fine spray of an aqueous solution of the chlorine oxygen compound (HOCl, NaClO.sub.2, or NaOCL) is applied over the lagoon. The chlorine oxygen compounds react with the sulfides in the vapor zone above the lagoon, converting the odorous compounds to non-odorous compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for inhibiting microbial growth through the use of aromatic aldehydes or alcohols for the purpose of disinfecting contaminated environments. The methods include the step of contacting the unsterile area with an amount of a aromatic aldehyde or alcohol sufficient to control growth of pathogenic microbes. The aldehyde or alcohol can be provided in a variety of formulations.

Abstract: Described is a method for reducing the amount of microorganisms in contaminated air in which a fiberglass containing air filtration media is provided which contains an antimicrobially effective amount of an inorganic antimicrobial agent; and forcing the contaminated air through the air filter thereby reducing the amount of microorganisms in the contaminated air. The invention further pertains to media for reducing the amount of microorganisms present in contaminated air as well as methods of applying the inorganic antimicrobial agents to the media and for the media to be present in a rigid air filter.

Abstract: A fragrance device for delivering a fragrance or other volatile material includes a fluid vessel containing a quantity of a fuel, a wick, and a porous emanator element which releases the fragrance or volatile material particularly when the wick is burning. Methods for the manufacture of the device, as well as methods for its use of are also disclosed.

Abstract: A refrigerator freshening device includes an air-permeable container, enclosing a mixture, in particulate form, of a major amount of activated carbon and a minor amount of an odor-absorbing zeolite. The activated carbon is preferably characterized by a good distribution of large and small pores, at least 30 percent of the pores having a diameter of from about 15 to less than about 50 .ANG. and the zeolite by a strong organophilic character and a surface area of at least about 400 square meters per gram. The combination of particulate adsorbent materials preferably includes from about 5 to about 25 percent of the zeolite and from about 75 to about 95 percent of the activated carbon. The device preferably includes a front panel. a back panel, and a package constructed of flexible, porous material enclosing absorbent, wherein the front panel receives the back panel in nesting relationship and encloses the package of adsorbent material. Hooks are preferred to suspend the device freely within a refrigerator.

Abstract: A wet scrubber control system is configured with a pH sensor and a conductivity sensor in the return solution, and with a conductivity sensor in the feed solution. Concentration of the scrubbing agent within the feed solution is determined using the conductivity of the feed solution, corrected by subtracting a bias therefrom. The bias is established by first measuring the concentration of scrubbing agent in the return solution using the pH sensor. An expected conductivity of the return solution is then looked-up. The bias is set as the difference between the expected conductivity of the return solution and a measured conductivity of the return solution.

Abstract: A method for producing chlorine dioxide by moving fluid (such as air) relative to (e.g. flowing the fluid through) a first bed of zeolite crystals impregnated with at least one of the following: phosphoric acid, acetic acid and citric acid, and then moving the fluid relative to a second bed of zeolite crystals impregnated with sodium chlorite and/or zeolite crystals impregnated with chlorine. Optionally, at least some of the produced chlorine dioxide is absorbed by moving the fluid relative to (e.g., flowing the fluid through) a third bed of chemically impregnated zeolite crystals.

Abstract: A device for dispensing a volatile substance includes a gas-fueled, portable heat source. The heat source has a combustion nozzle capable of supporting a flame. The device includes a sole plate for heating the volatile substance and heat transfer means for enclosing the combustion nozzle and transferring heat from the flame to the sole plate. A heat box substantially surrounds the heat transfer means and sole plate. The heat box has a window through which volatile substances released from the sole plate may escape. The device also has a housing within which the heat box is held in spaced relation from the housing, the housing having a housing window adjacent to the heat box window. By use of the device, a flame at the combustion nozzle heats the sole plate to volatilize a volatile substance placed thereon, which may then escape into the atmosphere through the heat box window, with the housing remaining cool.

Abstract: An air cleaner with separate ozone gas and ionized air outputs, and method of purifying air is provided. The air cleaner includes an exterior housing which houses an ozone generator component and a ionized air generator component. In operation, air is drawn through the air cleaner by means of a blower and is first passed through a multi-layered filter. The air then passes through an ionizer which ionizes the air and induces on it a net negative electric charge. As the ionized air is recirculated back into the device, the negatively charged air is electrostatically precipitated by the filter which maintains a net positive electric charge. The ozone generator component within the housing draws in air via an air pump which produces an output of pressurized air to the ozone generator. Within a mixing chamber of the ozone generator, the pressurized air is mixed with ozone produced therein and is then output through an independent ozone outlet tube.

Abstract: A method and system for disinfecting air in ventilation ducts, using a non-poisonous and substantially non-volatile disinfectant. The disinfectant is vaporized by micro-vaporizer, and ionization electrodes ionize the air and the disinfectant particles. An ozone sensor is located downstream of the ionization electrodes and emits a signal to a controller, which controls the voltage at the ionization electrode, and thus the production of ozone is controlled.

Abstract: The concentration of airborne microorganisms can be substantially reduced by passing air containing a concentration of microorganisms through a core of desiccant. Preferably, the core of desiccant is present in a moisture transfer wheel, which forms part of an open-cycle air conditioning system. The preferred desiccant is a large-pored crystalline titaniumsilicate molecular sieve, which can be regenerated into an essentially anhydrous state at a regeneration temperature of less than about 200.degree. F., and thereafter can absorb moisture from air to provide air having a vapor pressure of less than about 3 torr.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously supplying air into an indoor space is disclosed. The apparatus includes a sunlight collector for activating carbon dioxide contained in the air by irradiating sunlights thereto, a reservoir for storing and discharging the activated carbon dioxide, the reservoir holding a reaction solution capable of exchange reaction with the carbon dioxide and a unit for reducing the carbon dioxide concentration in the air to a level non-hazardous to a human body. The apparatus may further include an infrared radiation lamp that can produce infrared rays to maintain the electric conductivity of the reaction solution within a preselected range at night or under bad weather conditions. A method is provided whereby atmospheric air passes through the reservior to undergo exchange reactions with the reaction solution. The method produces atmospheric air containing carbon dioxide molecules in a higher energy state, and directs the air toward the indoor space.

Abstract: A process for scrubbing volatile or odoriferous substances from a gas stream (1) with aqueous liquor (7) containing hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant (15) and recycling (12) part of the resultant liquor after passage through a bed (11) of catalyst for the decomposition of the oxidant is disclosed.

Abstract: A method of disinfecting the air and killing air borne bacteria, etc., by creating particles of disinfecting compounds using a heated wick is disclosed. More particularly, this invention relates to a method of generating particles of compounds which are known to kill air borne bacteria when these compounds are dispersed in the air in the fore of small particles by generating these particles using a wick which is indirectly heated at near the top. The compositions include glycols selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for use with electronic activation means such as work or entertainment systems introduce precisely controlled amounts of aromatic chemicals, using metered spray technology, into the immediate vicinity of the operator. Control is provided by microprocessor circuitry so that aromas may be used at appropriate times and intensities by computer or entertainment sources. Multiple removable spray containers may generate numerous aromatic enhancements to a wide variety of applications.

Abstract: An air purifying and moistening device comprises a suction section having an air entrance opening, filter means at said opening and a motor-driven fan, an air purifying section including at least an ultraviolet radiation sterilization lamp, and a water ducting section within which the sterilized air is brought into contact with the water surface before it is discharged into the room. The water supply is a water trough or water tray with a large surface area of substantially stagnant water volume, which trough or tray is covered with a removable cover plate at a distance above the water surface. A casing forms a substantially closed air passage channel part of which is formed within said housing and another part of which is formed by the water surface, the lateral walls of the trough and the cover plate above said water surface.

Abstract: A method for producing chlorine dioxide by moving fluid (such as air) relative to a first bed of zeolite crystals impregnated with sodium chlorine and/or zeolite crystals impregnated with chlorine, and by moving the fluid relative to a second bed of zeolite crystals impregnated with one of the following: phosphoric acid, acetic acid and citric acid. The first and second beds may be physically mixed together. A further aspect of the present invention relates to removing chlorine dioxide from a fluid by moving the fluid relative to a bed of zeolite crystals impregnated with one of the following: potassium hydroxide, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfate and ferrous sulfate. This method may be used to remove chlorine dioxide produced using the method for producing chlorine dioxide described above.

Abstract: A method for producing chlorine dioxide by moving fluid (such as air) relative to a first bed of zeolite crystals impregnated with sodium chlorite and/or zeolite crystals impregnated with chlorine, and by moving the fluid relative to a second bed of zeolite crystals impregnated with at least one of the following: phosphoric acid, acetic acid and citric acid. The first and second beds may be physically mixed together.

Abstract: An air disinfection method and unit are disclosed in which air is passed through a housing from an air inlet to an air outlet opening at a predetermined air flow rate under substantially uniform cross-sectional air flow conditions across closely spaced UV-C irradiation lamps located at a distance of between 2 to 4 inches O. C. with the lamps being positioned directly in the air stream so that all air flows passed the bulbs at a distance of not more than 2-3 inches. The bulbs produce UV-C irradiation at a wave length of about 254 nm and have an intensity of about 142 .mu.W/cm.sup.2. The housing has a predetermined volume selected such that airborne bacteria remain in the enclosure for a residence time of between 0.5 and 1.5 seconds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of removing aerosols using a radiation effect.

Abstract: A refrigerator freshening device includes an air-permeable container, enclosing a mixture, in particulate form, of a major amount of activated carbon and a minor amount of an odor-absorbing zeolite. The activated carbon is preferably characterized by a good distribution of large and small pores, at least 30 percent of the pores having a diameter of from about 15 to less than about 50 .ANG. and the zeolite by a strong organophilic character and a surface area of at least about 400 square meters per gram. The combination of particulate adsorbent materials preferably includes from about 5 to about 25 percent of the zeolite and from about 75 to about 95 percent of the activated carbon. The device preferably includes a front panel, a back panel, and a package constructed of flexible, porous material enclosing absorbent, wherein the front panel receives the back panel in nesting relationship and encloses the package of adsorbent material. Hooks are preferred to suspend the device freely within a refrigerator.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing a scent to a compartment comprising a reusable holder having a connecting means and a scented card insertable into the holder. The connecting means can be a clip which is connectable to a louver of an air duct outlet register of a forced air system or to a fan guard of a utility fan. The apparatus can also be modified to attach to an interior surface of a refrigerator and may even be adaptable for use as costume jewelry. The scented card is produced by a process wherein a heat extrudable thermoplastic material is mixed with a chemical blowing agent and at least one fragrance and optionally a coloring agent, the mixture of material and fragrance is heated and extruded to produce a flat fragrant sheet of material which after being trimmed, forms a relatively rigid but flexible card insertable into the holder and removable therefrom.

Abstract: A fragrance return air filter is provided with an air filter for removing impurities from air being forced through the air filter and at least one fragrant impregnated sponge strip mounted on the air filter, so that a fresh clean scent can mix with the filtered air passing through the sponge strip and the air filter.

Abstract: Process and generator for generating a pesticidal gas mixture of phosphine gas and air for fumigating an enclosed environment, e.g. a grain silo with phosphine. Air, moisture content adjusted by drying or humidifying, is passed through a porous bed of aluminum phosphide or magnesium phosphide, preferably in a throw-a-way cartridge. The resulting mixture of air and phosphine gas is passed into the space. Typical humidities (which determines the phosphine concentration) are 4 g/m.sup.3 for "flow through" conditions or 12 g/m.sup.3 for "one shot" conditions of fumigation. The cartridge is fitted directly in sealing relationship between inlet and outlet adaptors to serve as the gas generator vessel of the apparatus. The cartridge, completely filled with metal phosphide in powder or granulate form, has cylindrical gas-tight side walls, flexible and stretchable to allow for expansion of the metal phosphide during hydrolysis, and porous end walls.

Abstract: An electrostatically stimulated air filter and process, contemplates a housing having an fluid intake and a fluid exhaust; a upstream electrode, disposed downstream of the fluid intake, for carrying a ground potential; a filter, disposed downstream of the prefilter, for filtering out contaminants in the fluid; an ionizing electrode, disposed between the filter and the prefilter, for carrying a second potential; and a downstream electrode, disposed downstream of the filter, for carrying a ground potential; and a fan, downstream of the filter, for driving air through the prefilter and the filter. Ionization of incoming fluid occurs as a result of electric fields generated by the downstream electrode, the ionizing electrode, and the upstream electrode. The filter comprises an upstream dielectric layer and a downstream conductive layer, usually fibers coated with activated carbon powder.

Abstract: An alkali metal iodide and phosphoric acid are homogeneously supported on an activated carbon honeycomb, in respective amounts of 0.015 to 1.5 mg atoms as iodine and 1.4 to 7.0 mg equivalents per gram of activated carbon. The alkali metal iodide is potassium iodide. When both the chemicals are supported on activated carbon in amounts respectively within the above ranges, homogeneous supporting of phosphoric acid with the alkali metal iodide becomes possible without causing any decrease in adsorption and elimination capacities. A number of malodorous and harmful components such as nitrogen-containing compounds and sulfur-containing compounds can be efficiently removed with one kind of activated carbon over a long period of time. The activated carbon adsorbent thus obtained can be used for various deodorization purposes and in exhaust gas treatment, and is particularly suited for use in toilet deodorization and in gas treatment in closed spaces, for example in refrigerators.

Abstract: A stream of air containing oxidizable pollutants is passed in an air-conditioning system through a conditioning station, an ozonating station, a filter station downstream of the ozonating station, and a testing station downstream of the filter station and then introduced into a living space. Ozone is added to the stream in the ozone station to oxidize the pollutants in the stream. The added ozone is decomposed into stable oxygen in the filter station and the ozone concentration in the stream is detected at the testing station with a sensor and the system is at least partially shut down when the detected ozone concentration exceeds a predetermined safety threshold. The concentration of pollutants in the stream is detected upstream of the ozonating station and the amount of ozone added to the stream in the ozonating station is adjusted so that it just corresponds to the amount needed to oxidize the pollutants sensed and does not substantially exceed this amount.

Abstract: A porous light-weight getter which collects particulate and molecular contaminates that is believed a significant improvement over the prior art is provided in which a metal mesh matrix is coated with a low-density porous aerogel. In the prior art bare metal mesh matrices have been employed as getters, which are subject to ablation from high-velocity contaminant particles. In the composite getter of the present invention, the low-density aerogel coating protects the enclosed metal matrix from ablation and also can attract and hold the incoming high-velocity particle. On its part, the metal mesh provides reinforcing support to the aerogel covering and also good thermal conductivity therein so that such covering can be cooled to the low temperatures that attract such contaminants. The invention further provides method for manufacture of the composite getters of the invention.

Abstract: An apparatus for enhancing the environmental quality of work and living spaces which combines a high efficiency particulate air filter and an optional gas element and electric blower and a sound-masking device for generating pink noise. The sound-masking device is designed to improved the affective state, and thereby the task-performance, of persons in the space being treated.

Abstract: An air purifying agent comprising a carbonaceous carrier and activated manganese dioxide and iodate supported thereon. According to the present invention, there can be provided an air purifying agent which is safe to handle and exhibits sufficient effect for removing contaminated gases.

Abstract: A device for maintaining a controlled atmosphere within a sealed container. The device is utilized to control the oxygen and the carbon dioxide levels within the container and utilizes permeable membrane technology to control such levels. An oilless compressor is used in conjunction with the device so as to not subject the permeable membranes to the derogatory effects associated with the presence of oil within an airstream that circulates through the permeable membranes. Additionally, the compressor is preferably mounted within the sealed container so as to not subject the compressor to the effects of temperature variation and corrosive marine environments. The present device further includes an air sampling system which is used to periodically measure the oxygen and carbon dioxide levels within the container. Control logic is included with the system which is operable to adjust the oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in accordance with the particular readings obtained by the sampling system.

Abstract: An air freshener device is disclosed herein of multilayer construction which, when laminated or joined together, provides a strong reinforced unitary structure for holding a scented member between two snap-locked layers defining an internally closed cavity that provides a moisture barrier for at least a message or picture card forming a part of the unitary structure. The device includes a pair of thin members having preformed islands, receptacles and pins which, when aligned, may be snap-locked together. A scented member is held in the central cavity defined between the snap-locked members and a plurality of passageways interconnects the central cavity with peripheral vents to release the fragrance exteriorly of the device. Message, photographic or graphic representations are carried on display cards secured to the opposite sides of the snap-locked members which are isolated from the moisture of the scent carried on the scent carrier.

Abstract: Rotatable circular plates are stacked apart to form thin air layers therebetween. Rotation of the circular plates moves air over an air treatment material: catalyst or adsorbent. In one embodiment, the air treatment material is affixed to the surface of the circular plates. In another embodiment, the circular plates are formed from the air treatment material. The increased velocity of air relative to the circular plates causes separation of laminar flow, promotes boundary-layer turbulence near the plate surfaces, and promotes propagating stall in the air layers. These phenomena enhance the contact between the flowing air and the air treatment material.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a thawing compartment in which food is to be thawed through the aid of a heater. An odor absorbing member mounted along a ceiling of the compartment comprises a porous plate which carries a platinum catalyst. The catalyst absorbs odors which are decomposed upon being heated to more than 100.degree. C. by the heater. Upon being heated greater than 250.degree. C. the odors form a platinum-sulfur compound which attaches to the porous plate.

Abstract: A filter device and method of filtering components from a surgery plume. The filter device is comprised of a plurality of elements which react with one or more components of a surgery plume, such as that generated during electrocautery or laser surgery. The filter device, particularly in conjunction with a separate particle filter, removes cyanide, formaldehyde, benzene, and particulates, as well as odor-causing species and moisture from the surgery plume.

Abstract: A liquid evaporator includes an air-tight outer container containing liquid therein, the liquid container having support legs adjacent the bottom surface thereof; an inner container mounted on the legs for partitioning the interior space of the outer container, the inner container having a wall made of insulating material; and a heater fixed to an upper portion of the outer container and positioned inside the inner container. The liquid evaporator may be combined with a deodorizing device for forming a urine treating device, wherein the urine treating device includes a deodorizing housing having an upper portion provided with a secondary heater therein, a catalyst surrounding the secondary heater, a blower provided outside the housing, and a diffusion pipe provided at the upper portion of the housing.

Abstract: A method of treating gas includes the steps of (1) mixing pressurized air and treatment liquid and thereby generating treatment foam and (2) venting the gas through the treatment foam. Preferably, the liquid is liquid deodorant for deodorizing gas from a waste water treatment system. The treatment system is efficient, economical, uncomplicated and easy to install and operate.

Abstract: Process and generator for generating a pesticidal gas mixture of phosphine gas and air for fumigating an enclosed environment, e.g. a grain silo, with phosphine. Air, moisture content adjusted by drying or humidifying, is passed through a porous bed of aluminum phosphide or magnesium phosphide, preferably in a throw-a-way cartridge. The resulting mixture of air and phosphine gas is passed into the space. Typical humidities (which determines the phosphine concentration) are 4 g/m.sup.3 for "flow through" conditions or 12 g/m.sup.3 for "one shot" conditions of fumigation. The cartridge is fitted directly in sealing relationship between inlet and outlet adaptors to serve as the gas generator vessel of the apparatus. The cartridge, completely filled with metal phosphide in powder or granulate form, has cylindrical gas-tight side walls, flexible and stretchable to allow for expansion of the metal phosphide during hydrolysis, and porous end walls.