Abstract: This invention deals with a process for treating and sanitizing animal habitats. In addition to sanitizing the habitat the production of ammonia and odor from fecal matter and urine is inhibited or terminated. In the process an animal habitat is cleaned and subsequently treated with trichloromelamine (TCM). The TCM may be applied by spraying the habitat with a solution of TCM, by dusting the habitat with powdered TCM or by treating bedding/litter with TCM. This process produces healthier animals and as such the productivity of a given grow out is increased. The process of this invention is particularly suited to animal habitats which are used to raise batches of hogs, cattle, turkeys and chickens on a continuing basis. The process of this invention further reduces the bacteria count of the animal habitat.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of sanitizing structures, buildings, passenger occupiable vehicles, and other enclosed or enclosable spaces. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for killing and/or removing pests and their allergens, bacteria, viruses, fungi, molds, volatile organic compounds and other dangerous substances, from such objects or enclosures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to suspensions for odor reduction comprising a porous metal-organic framework material in a liquid, and also atomizer and methods for odor reduction using the suspensions. The invention likewise relates to the use of the suspensions for odor reduction.

Abstract: Disclosed are an air purification system for a vehicle and an air purification method thereof. When an air purifier is turned on, an aroma is discharged, and, if an air conditioner is turned on, discharge of the aroma is stopped and a deodorant is discharged for a predetermined time period. If discharge of the deodorant is stopped, the aroma is discharged again, and if the air conditioner is turned off, discharge of the aroma is stopped and the deodorant is discharged for a preset time period. If discharge of the deodorant is stopped, the aroma is discharged again.

Abstract: The electric fragrance diffuser including a housing having a plurality of outlet and inlet vents, a chamber for holding a fragrance medium, and a fan for drawing air from the inlet vents and creating an updraft airflow which facilitates the emission of the fragrance from the fragrance medium. The electric fragrance diffuser also includes a cowling structure for increasing and directing airflow in an upward direction. The cowling structure further interacts with inlet vents in the housing for accelerating the airflow in an upward direction and thereby accelerating the emission of the fragrance from the fragrance medium, wherein the fragrance is released from the apparatus via the outlet vents. The electric fragrance diffuser further comprises a storage compartment for storing at least one additional fragrance medium.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus includes a case in which a cooking chamber for cooking food is provided, a heating source provided in the case, a fan configured to circulate air in the cooking chamber; and a plasma discharger provided in the case and configured to generate plasma in order to remove residue from a surface of the case.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a device for generating aqueous chlorine dioxide solutions when the device is contacted with liquid water. The device comprises an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chlorite, e.g., sodium chlorite, and a chemical reagent comprising an acid or a material capable of releasing an acid upon exposure to liquid water, e.g., sodium bisulfate. The chlorite and the reagent are either combined as a mixture or are disposed as separate components adhered to the surface of one or more substrates. Upon exposure to liquid water, the chlorite and the reagent produce boundary layers. The chlorite and the reagent are disposed upon, and adhered to, the surface(s) of the substrates in a manner such that upon exposure to liquid water, the chlorite boundary layer comes into contact with the reagent boundary layer to thereby produce an aqueous chlorine dioxide solution.

Abstract: A system and method for delivering multiple bursts of stinky air using a scent dispensing system is disclosed. A scent dispensing system comprising a scent chamber, liquid scent, a trigger switch, a positive pressured air source, a first one-way valve, and a second one-way valve. The operation of the system begins with loading the liquid scent into the scent chamber and sealing it, then activating the trigger switch causing the positive pressured air source to direct incoming air to the first one-way valve, the first one-way valve opens upon the incoming air reaching a desired positive pressure flowing incoming air through the first one-way valve into the scent chamber, the scent chamber combines the incoming air with the liquid scent thereby producing stinky air, the second one-way valve opens upon the pressure in the scent chamber reaching a desired positive pressure, thereby flowing the pressurized stinky air through the second one-way valve and out of the system, away from the vehicle.

Abstract: An apparatus for disinfecting and/or deodorizing an article comprises a cabinet defining a compartment configured to receive the article. A regenerative dryer is positioned with respect to the compartment and is configured to dehydrate air flowing into an ozone generator. The ozone generator is in communication with the dryer and is positioned with respect to the compartment. The ozone generator is configured to selectively generate ozone. The generated ozone is introduced into the compartment. An ozone conversion device is positioned with respect to the compartment and is configured to selectively convert ozone back to oxygen. A controller is configured to selectively activate the dryer, ozone generator and ozone conversion device.

Abstract: This invention describes a mobile system for reducing emission of a slurry, such as a liquid manure, where said mobile system is mounted on a mobile unit and comprises a slurry tanker in liquid communication with means for adding/injecting an acid into said slurry, where said slurry tanker and/or means for adding/injecting an acid into said slurry is in communication with distributing means for allowing a reduced emission slurry to be placed on the application site, where said means for adding/injecting an acid into said slurry comprises an acid tank, where said acid tank is arranged as a front tank on said mobile unit.

Abstract: A device for sterilizing and deodorizing sponges using a combination of ultraviolet light in conjunction with ozone. The device uses a container, comprising a casing and lid, having a UV-transmissive support structure disposed therein, the UV-transmissive support dividing the interior of the container into a sponge chamber and a lamp chamber, the sponge chamber dimensioned to receive a sponge, a source of ultraviolet light disposed within the lamp chamber, and wherein at least one interior surface of the sponge chamber is reflective to UV light.

Abstract: A storage and mixing device is illustrated and described. The device can include first and second separate containers each defining a distinct internal cavity. The first container can be movable (e.g., rotatable) relative to the second container between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the cavities can be substantially sealed from one another. In the second position, a first gas forming ingredient in one of the cavities can mix with a second gas forming ingredient in the other cavity to form a gas, such as chlorine dioxide gas. The device can have one or more filtered openings to allow gas generated by mixing the first and second gas forming ingredients to escape into the ambient environment.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a removing method of smells which can efficiently remove smells by adsorbing the steam or vapor to an object to be smell-removed, and exhausting the smells by generating a forcible flow. The removing method of the smells uses a rotatable drum for containing an object to be smell-removed, a steam generator for supplying the steam into the drum, and a passage extended to the drum, for generating a forcible flow in the drum. The removing method of the smells includes a first step of adsorbing the steam generated by the steam generator to the object to be smell-removed, by supplying the steam into the drum, and a second step of exhausting the adsorbed steam, by generating the forcible flow in the drum by using the passage.

Abstract: A method for determining the effectiveness of a waste water tank deodorizer includes the steps of (i) providing a synthetic waste water media and a hydrogen sulfide generating microorganism; (ii) introducing in any order to the synthetic waste water media the hydrogen sulfide generating microorganism and a waste water tank deodorizer to be tested, and (iii) measuring the time or delay for the generation of hydrogen sulfide to occur beginning with combining of the hydrogen sulfide generating microorganism, the waste water tank deodorizer and the synthetic waste water media. Alternatively, measurement is also disclosed involving the number of bacteria present in the waste water during the test period. The invention includes a novel synthetic waste composition for use in the above method comprising at least a peptone, an animal protein extract, urea or a urea-containing compound, a metallic salt, a fiber-containing grain product and a cellulose-containing product.

Abstract: Dispensers and refills for volatile liquids, such as fragrances, are disclosed. Dispensers and refills in combination with dispensers according to the present invention may comprise a volatile liquid and a housing. In certain embodiments, the volatile liquid of the present invention has a predetermined evaporation rate, measured and calculated by the method described herein. In other embodiments, the volatile liquid exhibits a predefined relative evaporation rate. In addition to the housing, the present invention includes optional components, such as a motorized fan and/or a wick, to facilitate release of the volatile liquid into the atmosphere.

Abstract: A fragrance diffuser kit is provided comprising a decanter, a fragrance refill set, a removable snuffer cap and a removable decorative vented lid. The decanter may be selected from a plurality of unique and decorative designs that are suitable for prominent display as a piece of home décor. The fragrance refill set comprises a bottle of high-quality fragrance composition for filling the decanter and a replacement wick, whereby the user may select and change the fragrance emitted by the fragrance diffuser. The decanter incorporates a wick holder having a top opening that communicates with a top opening in the decanter body so that a wick from the fragrance refill set may be inserted and held in a position to absorb and emit the fragrance composition contained in the decanter. The snuffer cap may be used to stop the emission of the fragrance composition and the vented lid may be used to hide the wick and snuffer cap, if present.

Abstract: This patent discloses a novel and effective device and process, which combines the advantages of refrigeration in a synergistic manner with the advantages of hydrogen peroxide and other organic and inorganic peroxygen compounds, resulting in an enhanced ability to reduce and/or eliminate microbial activity and mitigate malodors. This device and process is suitable for the continuous in-situ sanitation and deodorization of enclosed or semi enclosed spaces, which may contain foodstuffs or other putresable items, which would be otherwise adversely affected by the activity of bacteria, mould, mildew or malodors. In particular this invention has application in environments such as refrigerators, cool rooms and freezers, where products are stored for the purpose of extending their shelf life and preventing damage by the activity of microorganisms.

Abstract: In a method for eliminating contaminants in gypsum wallboard that cause noxious sulfide odors, at least one gypsum wallboard surface within an enclosed volume is exposed to chlorine dioxide gas, wherein the chlorine dioxide gas is introduced into the enclosed volume under specified conditions of chlorine dioxide gas concentration and contact time that eliminate the noxious odor-causing contaminants, sulfate reducing or thiophilic bacteria in particular, contained in the gypsum wallboard.

Abstract: Superior hydroxyls are provided which have effects on organic and inorganic compounds and/or pollutants over substantial periods of time and/or at substantial distances from where the superior hydroxyls are generated. Also provided is a hydroxyl generator, in which UV-lamps are positioned such that the coronas which they produce when emitting UV-radiation fill substantially all of the interior space of the hydroxyl generator. The coronas overlap each other by a maximum amount of between 5% and 25% of the radius of each corona.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an air filtration system and a method for making a photocatalytic oxidation substrate by powder coating a photocatalyst onto a metal substrate.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described for contacting an oxidizing solution such as an aqueous hydrogen peroxide composition of hydrogen peroxide and at least one additive that catalyzes the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide into hydroxyl radicals with an atmospheric effluent containing odorous and/or noxious components. These components are absorbed by the aqueous hydrogen peroxide composition to produce an atmospheric effluent having reduced amounts of the odorous and/or noxious components. Various methods are described for adding the hydrogen peroxide and the decomposition additive.

Abstract: An air freshener device includes an open-cell, polyurethane foam body having a scent material interspersed in the foam body that is capable of diffusing out of the foam, and a flexible cover surrounding and conforming to the foam body having at least one hole in the cover to facilitate the release of scent. The foam body can be flexible and compressible, and also resilient and returnable to its original configuration. The flexible cover can have a fabric shell that is soothing to the touch, and may also have a non-porous inner liner to contain the scent material and prevent it from migrating out of the foam body. In addition, the air freshener can have a freestanding, self-supported, three-dimensional shape, and can be fashioned into the shape of a common sports ball, such as a baseball.

Abstract: A financial transaction card assembly comprises a financial transaction card, a package, and at least one article. The financial transaction card includes an account identifier linking the financial transaction card to at least one of a financial account or a financial record. The package is separate from the financial transaction card and defines an internal cavity. The at least one article is enclosed within the internal cavity. The financial transaction card is maintained outside of the internal cavity and is removably coupled to the package. Methods of assembling a financial transaction card assembly, methods of encouraging purchase and facilitating use of a financial transaction card assembly, and other embodiments are also disclosed.

Abstract: A chemical vapor sterilization process is enhanced by concentrating a germicide via condensation and re-vaporization thereof, exploiting the difference between the vapor pressures of the germicide and its solvent to extract some of the solvent during the condensation process.

Abstract: A lamp assembly comprising one or more lamp clusters. Each lamp cluster comprises one or more electrodeless UV lamps which are excited by microwaves emitted from a microwave generator. The microwave generator and power supply are enclosed within a housing that is integral with the lamp clusters. The lamp clusters are wholly surrounded by a waveguide. The waveguide, comprising a flange and a distal end cap connected by a mesh, forms an enclosure. The waveguide is essentially UV transparent to allow UV light to pass through but effectively opaque to microwaves in order to substantially contain the microwaves within the waveguide enclosure.

Abstract: This invention concerns extrudates having high surface area materials and at least one metal ion adsorbed onto the high surface area material. The extrudates may be breathable films, multilayer laminates and pultruded articles. The extrudates may be made into storage and packaging material to reduce odor and retard the ripening of fruit. The extrudates, if in the form of a breathable film or multilayer laminate may be used as outer cover material for personal care products like diapers, adult incontinence products, training pants and the like. The high surface area particle-containing extrudate may be made by adding modified nanoparticles to a filler before the filler is treated with a fatty acid. Alternatively, a filler previously treated with a fatty acid may be modified by subjecting the filler to sonic energy in the presence of an aqueous solution of metal ions and nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present invention, in certain aspects, discloses systems and methods for treating a human being and/or items with descenting material, the systems, in certain aspects, including a generator for producing descenting material, and, in certain aspects at least one direction apparatus in communication with the generator for receiving produced descenting material from the generator and for directing said descenting material in a desired direction.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for reducing or eliminating malodors from air and surfaces in contact with air within indoor environments are described. One method provided is for the reduction or elimination of malodors from air and surfaces in contact with air within an indoor environment using hydrogen peroxide in the vapor phase generated and passively emitted from pH neutral to mildly acidic aqueous-based liquid compositions. A second method is provided for the reduction or elimination of malodors from air and surfaces in contact with air within an indoor environment using hydrogen peroxide in the vapor phase as sublimed from solid compositions containing at least one pH neutral to mildly acidic solid hydrogen peroxide-containing compound.

Abstract: An air filtering system for a vehicle includes a housing having a fan, a HEPA filter, a carbon-impregnated military cloth and a scent dispersing mechanism received therein. Air intake modules are positioned at desired locations within the vehicle passenger compartment, each of which is in communication with the housing interior. To remove smoke or other pollutants, a passenger activates the fan to deliver ambient air to the housing interior whereby the HEPA filter removes particles while the charcoal cloth removes entrained odors. The housing also includes a fragrance dispenser for dispersing a scented material, if desired.

Abstract: A liquid delivery device for use in conjunction with an air filter in a forced air circulation system. The device includes a liquid reservoir, a dispersion device connected to the reservoir, a compressor, and a mounting device configured to slidably retain an air filter. The device may be used in conjunction with an HVAC system.

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner includes a dust chamber, a dust bag provided in the dust chamber, and an electric blower for generating suction air flow for drawing and collecting dust and dirt in the dust bag. A deodorant is supplied into the dust bag by the suction air flow and directly attached to the dust and dirt. The deodorant has a granule or powder shape.

Abstract: A package for enclosing volatile corrosion inhibiting materials includes a first enclosure barrier being fabricated from one or more gas-impermeable materials and defining a first enclosed space. The package further includes a substrate having one or more volatile corrosion inhibitor materials disposed thereon, with the substrate being disposed within the first enclosed space. In some embodiments, a second enclosure barrier being fabricated from a gas-permeable, solid particle-impermeable material is disposed in the first enclosed space, and defines a second enclosed space inside of the first enclosed space. In such embodiments, the substrate is preferably disposed within the second enclosed space.

Abstract: An air decontamination device comprising an air stream generator (20), a non-thermal plasma filter (22), an ultraviolet (UV) radiation emitting device (24), an ozone catalysing device (26), and a hydrocarbon emitter (28). The air stream generator (20) generates and directs an air stream through or across the non-thermal plasma filter (22), the UV radiation emitting device (24), the ozone catalysing device (26), and the hydrocarbon emitter (28). The plasma filter (22) produces free radicals by which contaminants in the air stream are nuetralised. The UV radiation emitting device (24) breaks down ozone in the air stream, catalysed by the ozone catalysing device (26). The hydrocarbon emitter (28) discharges an aromatic hydrocarbon into the air stream to preferentially react with residual ozone so that the air stream becomes suitable for human exposure. A method is also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and apparatus for achieving microbiological control, especially using active sources that generate hypochlorous acid vapor with reduced levels of chlorine vapor. These methods are effective in confined spaces and sealed containers. The active sources may be contained within permeable containers and may be actively dispersed. The active sources may be in the form of solids, liquids or gels.

Abstract: A system and method for removing sulfur-containing contaminants from indoor air includes a panel system having a first layer and a second layer. The first layer can include a base media onto which sodium bicarbonate is attached. The second layer can include a base media onto which activated carbon is attached. Indoor air including sulfur-containing contaminants can contact and pass through the first layer. Sulfuric acid can react with the sodium bicarbonate to produce sodium sulfate, which can, in turn, act as a drying agent for organic sulfur-containing contaminants in the indoor air, such as carbon disulfide and carbonyl sulfide. As a result of such drying, the second layer can more effectively trap and/or bind (adsorb) the organic sulfur-containing contaminants so that these contaminants are removed from the contaminated air. The treated air can be returned to an indoor space of the structure.

Abstract: An orienting skirt joined to an aerosol can, the orienting skirt having a generally arcuate rim extending outward such that when the can is placed on a flat surface, the rim urges the can into a predetermined generally stable horizontal configuration with the discharge nozzle oriented in an upright direction. A full release actuator is disposed adjacent to the valve stem of the aerosol can and has a trigger and a discharge nozzle such that when the trigger is pressed the contents of the aerosol can are dispensed through the discharge nozzle. With the discharge nozzle in an upright direction, the contents of the can are dispersed more evenly on the interior surfaces of the trash can.

Abstract: Dispensers and refills for volatile liquids, such as fragrances, are disclosed. Dispensers and refills in combination with dispensers according to the present invention may comprise a volatile liquid and a housing. In certain embodiments, the volatile liquid of the present invention has a predetermined evaporation rate, measured and calculated by the method described herein. In other embodiments, the volatile liquid exhibits a predefined relative evaporation rate. In addition to the housing, the present invention includes optional components, such as a motorized fan and/or a wick, to facilitate release of the volatile liquid into the atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device to evaporate low volatility active substances or ingredients from a liquid solution contained in a reservoir (2). The device comprises at least one liquid retaining support and dispensing means (14) arranged in a casing (1) at a distance and in a suitable position for dispensing doses of said liquid solution on said support by means of a push-button (6). The device further has a timer adapted to allow the operation of said dispensing means in selected time periods, said time periods being greater than the time necessary for evaporating most of the solvent and active ingredient from the support.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a duration of burn of a stick of incense includes a base and a ferric rod extending away from and over the base. A hole is provided in the base for placement of a bottom end of the incense. A cylindrical portion is adapted to fit over and slide along a longitudinal length of the incense. A magnet is attached to the cylindrical portion and is adapted to secure the cylindrical portion, where desired, along a longitudinal length of the rod. Accordingly, the incense is supported in two locations and is disposed under and generally parallel to the rod. The incense is able to burn until the area of combustion reaches the cylindrical portion, at which time it is extinguished. Two alternate embodiments are described that allow use of modified forms of the cylindrical portion with prior art types of incense burners.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1), particularly a child-safe device, for projecting and or directing a scent that includes a housing (10) having a drive mechanism (30) contained therein, a housing cap (20) to enclose the housing (10), an air projector removably connected to a drive shaft of the drive mechanism (30), and a scent-releasing substance in the vicinity of the air projector; as well as methods of using, refilling and marketing the device.

Abstract: An on-demand system for preventing and/neutralizing bioactive substances employs real time monitoring of the fluid for bioactive substances. Once a specific bioactive substance is detected, then a specific neutralizing substance is selected, such as an oxidizing substance, intense ultraviolet light, a neutralizing substance or other substances selected for particular threats. In another example of the invention, a device neutralizing a substance would include a container that would be capable of containing each of the plurality of precursors, a collecting space for receiving each of the plurality of precursors selected by the selector, and a dispensing mechanism for dispensing the neutralizing substance. In one example the neutralizing substance is formulated by the reactions of the precursors in order to neutralize the substance.

Abstract: The invention is directed to devices and containers for emitting volatile compositions. In one embodiment, the invention is directed to a device that includes a holding mechanism for substantially concurrently and releasably retaining two containers. In one embodiment, the invention is directed to a first container having a first volatile composition and a second container having a second volatile composition where the first and the second containers are operably connected to each other to form a cartridge. In one embodiment, the invention is directed to a method of emitting a first and a second volatile composition.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a microparticle diffusing apparatus capable of largely elongating the spray travel distance of microparticles emitted from the microparticle diffusing apparatus and, also, capable of emitting the microparticles in a wide range, enhancing the effect of the microparticles and reducing the noise. The microparticle diffusing apparatus includes a microparticle generating apparatus which generates microparticles from a microparticle generating part, a wind-blowing path which transfers the microparticles generated from the microparticle generating apparatus, and a blowout opening which is formed in an end of the wind-blowing path and which discharges the microparticles, and an aspect ratio of a cross section of the wind-blowing path is gradually increased from a start point to an end point.

Abstract: This invention relates to particulate forms of carrier materials containing an oxidant, especially hypohalite or hypohalous acid, especially a dry particulate form of dilute or concentrated hypochlorite and hypochlorous acid compositions. The invention also relates to uses for these particles, such as for generating hypochlorous acid vapor to control the growth of mold or bacteria, to deactivate allergens and allergen causing agents, and to control odors.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating a desired smell by processing smell information through a combination of a computer system and a perfume generating means. In order to generate a desired smell under control of a computer, preset perfume information concerning a smell classification table, kinds of preset perfume corresponding to the items of smell in the smell classification table, the amount of smell to be generated and the variation with time of the amount is registered, the item of a specific smell is selected from the smell classification table, and relevant pieces of the preset perfume information corresponding to the item of the specific smell is extracted. A deodorant may be combined or various smells may be combined with an image.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting presence of a thing, the thing treated with a descenter, one method including in an area in which it is possible that a thing treated with a descenter is present, using a detector to detect a descenter level in the area, producing a detected descenter level, comparing the detected descenter level to a normal descenter level for the area, determining that the detected descenter level is different from the normal descenter level, said determining indicating the possible presence of a thing treated with a descenter; and using a trained service animal to facilitate such a method.

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel method for purifying air and gasses, consisting of an optimized air ventilation slab, with its air ventilation pipes, air ventilation pipettes and air diffusion plugs; optionally a complementary cellular material enabling the material to be supported providing biofiltration, purification or treatment of air, and optionally a device for diffusing liquids and/or bacteria and/or enzymes, allowing the biofilter to act as the equivalent of a gas scrubbing tower.

Abstract: An insert for sports gear and footwear has a compliant casing formed of fabric sheeting that incorporates regions of fused or otherwise integral regions of activated carbon. A desiccant such as silica gel in the form of spheroidal beads or other granules is loosely enclosed inside of the casing. The activated carbon has an affinity for odor-causing constituents such as organic compounds, and extracts airborne odor-causing constituents as air enters the casing. Inside the casing, the desiccant extracts airborne water vapor. The two-stage removal of odor-causing constituents and water vapor rapidly and effectively extracts moisture and odors. The silica gel and activated carbon are porous and have high surface areas available for adsorption, whereby the insert is adapted to maintain moisture and odors at low levels during long-term storage.

Abstract: Devices and systems and methods for dispensing volatile materials are disclosed. In one embodiment, the system includes a device for emitting volatile materials from an article of manufacture that contains volatile compositions. In such an embodiment, a portion of the device and a portion of the article together define an air flow path for emitting the volatile materials. The device may have various features, including: a heater that is movable with a spring; safety features; and a closed-loop heater temperature feedback system. The device can have placement instructions associated therewith for proper operation of the device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for using a scent elimination device to conceal contraband and then training service animals to determine if an ozone-based scent-removal technique has been used to remove scent from contraband are disclosed. The systems and methods comprise providing a plurality of packages. At least one of the plurality of packages containing a predetermined amount of a contraband substance. Further, the systems and methods comprise generating a gaseous stream of descenting material from a portable device. The gaseous stream of descenting material contains ozone. Further, the systems and methods comprise dispersing the gaseous stream of descenting material over the contraband in a concentration sufficient to eliminate the scent. The descented contraband may be placed in an enclosure for transport. Further, the systems and methods comprise introducing a service animal to the plurality of packages.