Abstract: According to the present invention, the vapor evacuation device comprises a mobile housing encasing at least one fluid line configured to draw vapors from a tank via an inlet, and to feed these vapors through solution. This process yields a relatively benign liquid solution together with vapors which can be drained and vented, respectively, when convenient to the operator.

Abstract: A process for de-watering lime mud in a Krafft pulping process is described. The process includes an improvement which comprises adding an effective water-removal rate enhancing amount of an alkyleneamine to the lime mud prior to filtration. The preferred alkyleneamine is ethyleneamine, that is, an amine having at least one —(CR2—CR2—NH—)— unit wherein each R is independently is H or an alkyl (straight-chain, branched, or cyclic) group of from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms. Ethyleneamines include ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, piperazine, aminoethylpiperazine, and ethyleneamine mixtures such as mixtures of ethyleneamine oligomers having an average molecular weight of about 200-500.

Abstract: Sulfurous gas streams comprising hydrogen sulfide and carbon disulfide, such as produced as a by-product of the rayon-forming process, are processed to recover the components in a useable form. The gas stream first is contacted with an aqueous sodium hydroxide to dissolve out hydrogen sulfide and some of the carbon disulfide. The dissolved carbon disulfide is driven off from the solution and condensed as a liquid concentrate. Carbon disulfide remaining the gas stream is recovered, such as by condensation. The aqueous sodium sulfide solution which remains from removal of carbon disulfide is concentrated and the pH is adjusted, as necessary, to a value at which the sodium sulfide is predominantly in the form of sodium bisulfide. The concentrated sodium bisulfide solution is capable of reuse in the rayon-forming process along with the liquid concentrate of carbon disulfide.

Abstract: An inline, high-shear mixer is provided in a cracked gas stream upstream of a caustic tower in an ethylene production unit. Spent caustic is withdrawn from the bottom of the caustic tower and pumped to the mixer, where the spent caustic mixes with and absorbs acid gas components from the cracked gas stream. The spent caustic is separated from the cracked gas, forming a partially treated cracked gas stream. The partially treated cracked gas stream is then fed to the caustic tower. Polymer deposition in the caustic tower is reduced because polymeric material is formed when the cracked gas stream is mixed with the spent caustic and is removed before the cracked gas stream is fed to the caustic tower.

Abstract: Sulfur dioxide and other sulfur compounds are removed from various waste gas streams including those from incineration, refinery sulfur processing, coal burning, or metal smelting operations. The process for sulfur compound removal comprises, in an adsorption vessel, the quenching and subsequent adsorption of the gas with a suitable adsorbent such as an aqueous basic solution (e.g. sodium hydroxide). Sulfur compounds are thus adsorbed into a liquid scrubbing solution predominantly in the form of partially oxidized species (i.e. sulfites, bisulfites, thiosulfites, sulfides, and bisulfides). In a separate heterogeneous catalytic oxidation step, these partially oxidized sulfur compounds are more completely oxidized so that the chemical oxygen demand of the effluent from the oxidation reactor is substantially reduced.

Abstract: A method of cleaning an exhaust gas from a combustion system that is operated alternately in lean and rich conditions includes intermediately storing nitrogen oxides during lean operation; releasing the stored nitrogen oxides, thereby producing ammonia and storing the ammonia during rich operation; releasing the ammonia, thereby reducing nitrogen oxides in a subsequent lean condition.

Abstract: A method is provided for removing carbonyl sulfide out of a H.sub.2 O-containing fluid stream, such as petrochemical vent gas, air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and hydrocarbons, by determining how much carbon monoxide is present in the fluid stream; adding carbon monoxide to the fluid stream to obtain a carbon monoxide to carbonyl sulfide volume ratio of at least 1:1 and to also convert the carbonyl sulfide into hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, and passing the hydrogen sulfide containing fluid through a hydrogen sulfide removal system, so as to obtain a fluid substantially free from carbonyl sulfide and hydrogen sulfide.

Abstract: A process is provided for the removal of hydrogen sulfide out of a gas stream by contacting the hydrogen sulfide contaminated gas with a solution of chelated metal catalyst, such as iron EDTA, in a scrubbing vessel so as to result in a cleaned gas and a scrubbing solution containing elemental sulfur and a reduced chelated metal catalyst. A portion of the hydrogen sulfide contaminated feed gas is branched off from the rest of the hydrogen sulfide contaminated feed gas, at a location upstream of the scrubbing vessel, and injected into a bisulfide generating vessel where it is contacted with an aqueous caustic solution, such as an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, wherein the hydrogen sulfide reacts with the caustic solution to result in a cleaned gas and a solution containing bisulfide ions.

Abstract: A process for recovery of fluorocompound gas from an effluent gas stream containing the fluorocompound gas and other gas components, in which at least one of the other gas components is removed, e.g., by oxidation or contacting of the effluent stream with a dry material such as an adsorbent or scrubber medium, to yield a first effluent gas mixture containing the fluorocompound gas. The fluorocompound gas is removed from the first effluent gas mixture and recovered as a concentrated fluorocompound gas, by a process such as cryogenic processing, membrane separation, and/or adsorption.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for reducing atmospheric pollution caused by a pollutant selected from the group consisting of CO.sub.2, SO.sub.2 and a mixture thereof, the pollutant being contained in industrial gases being emitted to the atmosphere, through the conversion of CO.sub.2 to calcium carbonate and the conversion of SO.sub.2 to calcium sulfite using conventionally available calcium salt-containing reactant; said method comprising reacting the pollutant-containing gas, prior to the venting thereof to the atmosphere, with an alkali base and an aqueous liquor, whereby the pollutant reacts with the base and transfers to the liquor, and the resulting gas vented to the atmosphere has a reduced pollutant content; and reacting the pollutant-loaded liquor with a calcium salt-containing reactant to form calcium carbonate and calcium sulfite respectively, with the co-formation of a commercially utilizable salt containing an anion from the calcium salt reactant and a cation from the alkali base.

Abstract: An exhaust gas cleaner constituted by a first catalyst comprising a first porous inorganic oxide supporting an Ag component, a W component and a Pt component and optionally a second catalyst comprising a second porous inorganic oxide supporting a Pt component alone or in combination with a W component. The Ag component may include Ag and compounds thereof, the Pt component of the first and second catalysts may include Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, Ir and Au, and the W component of the first and second catalysts may include W, V, Mn, Mo, Nb and Ta. The W component effectively catalyze the reduction of nitrogen oxides by ammonia to enhance the removal efficiency of the exhaust gas cleaner.

Abstract: This invention relates to an alkaline scrubber for condensate stripper off-gases. In particular, this invention relates a process for selectively removing hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan from a gas stream containing these compounds and methanol. Such gas streams are commonly generated during pulp and paper production.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon stream is washed with caustic solution to reactively remove hydrogen sulfide and produce a spent caustic solution containing sulfide reaction products. The spent caustic solution is stripped with concentrated carbon dioxide to reactively remove the sulfides and produce an overhead hydrogen sulfide stream and a bicarbonate-containing bottoms stream. The hydrogen sulfide stream can be converted to elemental sulfur in a Claus unit or to sulfuric acid in a sulfuric acid plant. The bicarbonate solution can be washed with liquid hydrocarbon to remove mercaptans and phenols in further preparation for disposal.

Abstract: A method for recovering ammonia and organic compounds from offgases contaminated with organic materials, carbon dioxide, and ammonia, using a combined absorption and rectification column is disclosed. Carbon dioxide is washed out with aqueous alkali, ammonia is drawn off as an overhead product, and the organic compounds are recovered in pure form from the bottoms product following separation-out of the alkali carbonate.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for treating a feed gas stream containing CO.sub.2 and mercaptans by contacting the feed gas stream with a CO.sub.2 -selective adsorbent under conditions effective to produce a CO.sub.2 -depleted feed gas stream which is thereafter subjected to contact with an alkaline scrubbing solution under mercaptan absorption conditions effective to produce a mercaptan- and a CO.sub.2 -depleted product gas stream and a mercaptide-containing scrubbing solution. At least a portion of the product gas stream may be utilized to regenerate the CO.sub.2 -selective adsorbent and the mercaptide-containing scrubbing solution may be regenerated by contacting same with oxygen in the presence of an oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: First and second indirect contact condensing heat exchangers are used to separate gases from a mixture of condensible and non-condensible gases, such as the vapor from the last stage of a black liquor evaporation plant of a pulp mill. The mixture of gases passes over the first heat exchanger to cool and condense, producing a first condensate and a first remaining gas stream. The condensate is removed from the first remaining gas stream, the gas stream then being passed over the second heat exchanger. A medium for absorbing at least one non-condensible gas in the first gas stream--such as an NaOH liquid solutino--is passed over the surface of the second heat exchanger to absorb gas, and produce a second remaining gas stream (containing primarily air). The second gas stream is separated from the solution with absorbed gas. The solution with absorbed gas may be used as white liquor in kraft pulping in a pulp mill, without concentrating the solution.

Abstract: A process for removal of H.sub.2 S from gas streams is described, the process being characterized by use of a novel iron chelate treating solution containing a specified ferric to ferrous chelate ratio and aqueous ammonia.

Abstract: A process for removal of H.sub.2 S from gas streams is described, the process being characterized by use of a novel iron chelate treating solution containing a specified ferric to ferrous chelate ratio, aqueous ammonia, and thiosulfate ion.

Abstract: Many industrial operations generate and release volatile organic compounds. The fumes, frequently mixed with large quantities of air, are collected and sorbed on activated carbon. The spent sorbent is frequently sent to an off-site facility for reactivation since on-site reactivation of the spent sorbent has heretofore been very costly. Shipping of hazardous waste products such as spent sorbents containing sorbed volatile organic compounds on public roads is a growing concern of governmental bodies and regulations requiring on-site handling are anticipated.This invention provides a closed loop system for on-site reactivation of the spent sorbent and incineration of the contaminants. The combustion gases are cleaned simultaneously with the main gas stream containing the volatile organic compuonds so that only cleaned gases are vented to the atmosphere.

Abstract: An aqueous fluid for treating underground, carbon dioxide-containing formations penetrated by casing regions of a wellbore, prior to the cementing of casings into the wellbore, comprises: (i) water, (ii) an agent which substantially increases (preferably by at least about 50 percent) the solubility of lime in water, and (iii) lime in an amount at least about saturating the water in the fluid. The lime in the treatment fluid reacts with carbon dioxide in penetrated formations to produce insoluble calcium carbonate, which blocks pores in the formations. Insoluble calcium hydroxide, formed by reaction of the lime with the water in the treatment fluid, deposits as an insoluble filter cake on the walls of the borehole where the fluid penetrates formations. The calcium hydroxide filter cake may react with the carbon dioxide to form additional calcium carbonate which helps the filter cake form a tight, impermeable barrier at the borehole.

Abstract: An integrated system for the derivation of useful energy from impure steam and/or use in connection therewith, said steam containing both hydrogen sulfide and an alkaline acting component, such as ammonia, while producing liquid-phase and gaseous-phase effluents from condensation of the impure steam and substantially reducing the emission of sulfur-containing compounds to the environment. Treatment of such effluents to selectively react or bind alkaline acting components in the liquid-phase results in an augmented concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the gaseous-phase and its depletion in the liquid-phase. The gaseous-phase comprising noncondensable gas contaminants and uncondensed water vapor is separated from the liquid-phase steam condensate and treated to remove hydrogen sulfide to produce an environmentally acceptable vent gas which may be discharged to the atmosphere.

Abstract: Geothermal steam is condensed with a sulfite solution to abate hydrogen sulfide. A portion of the hydrogen sulfide is converted in the condensation in the presence of soluble cationic polymeric catalysts to soluble sulfur compounds while avoiding elemental sulfur and carbonate formation. The remainder of the hydrogen sulfide is incinerated and the sulfur dioxide in the incinerator effluent is absorbed in an alkaline solution to form the sulfites for the geothermal steam condensation. By maintaining stoichiometric ratios, the hydrogen sulfide is substantially converted to soluble thiosulfate without the use of chelates, peroxides or makeup sulfites.

Abstract: Gas containing sulfide is washed in the washing vessel (13) with a washing liquid that normally comprises an alkaline solution having sodium 1,4-naphthoquinone-2-sulfonate as the catalyst. Contaminated liquid is subjected in a pressure vessel (59) to aeration under pressure with air or pure oxygen. By oxidation, elementary sulfur precipitates out and this is filtered out continuously in the filter (77). Regenerated washing liquid flows via a degassing vessel (69) into the storage container (27) and from there returns to the washing vessel (13). In the degassing vessel, under relaxed pressure, degassing occurs, and the sulfur foam along with the oxygen or air it contains is returned via the pump (55) to the presure vessel (59) or to the filter (77).

Abstract: A process for removal of H.sub.2 S from gas streams is described, the process being characterized by use of a novel iron chelate treating solution containing a specified ferric to ferrous chelate ratio and aqueous ammonia.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method for preventing the formation of NH.sub.4 HSO.sub.4 during the noncatalytic reduction of nitric oxide by ammonia or ammonia precursors in combustion effluents. The present invention is also related to a method for preventing the formation of H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 in the absence of ammonia or its precursors. The formation of these corrosive substances is extremely detrimental. NH.sub.4 HSO.sub.4 formation is a limitation upon the usefulness of nitric oxide reduction processes, particularly in boilers, furnaces, and other combustion devices. The formation of H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 limits effective heat recovery in combustion equipment.The present invention specifically teaches the use of methanol to reduce SO.sub.3 in the effluent stream to SO.sub.2. The noncatalytic reduction of SO.sub.3 by methanol is selective in that a large fraction of the SO.sub.3 is converted to SO.sub.2, while on a percentage basis very little oxygen is consumed.

Abstract: This process comprises eliminating the ammonia from a gaseous effluent of the treatment of scrubbing with a liquid essentially comprising water, regenerating the scrubbing liquid by stripping countercurrent with respect to the gas to be treated, then recycling at least most of the regenerated scrubbing liquid by putting it into thermal exchange relation with the scrubbing liquid to be regenerated.Application in the production of CO.sub.2 by the treatment of smoke with ammonia.

Abstract: A continuous process for removing hydrogen sulfide from a gas stream by contacting the gas stream with a solution of ammonium hydroxide to produce an effluent liquid stream comprising ammonium sulfide which is fed to a heating zone maintained at least at the boiling temperature of said solution and supplied with an oxygen containing gas sparge wherein ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are removed from said zone as vapor and sulfur is removed from said zone as an aqueous dispersion, the sulfur being separated in a filtration zone from the residual aqueous liquid which is recycled back to a contact zone together with said ammonia and said hydrogen sulfide vapor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for sweetening of natural gas at the well head or at a common collection point from a number of wells, where, in the usual collection system for natural gas, the gas from one or more wells is collected through a collection line or manifold and often subjected to conventional treatments for dehydration and/or separation of petroleum condensates. A storage tank for sweetening liquid, comprising a solution of a low molecular weight aldehyde or ketone and water, methanol, isopropanol, and an amine buffer or inhibitor may be added. The resulting solution is connected by a conduit to a pump which is connected to an injector/atomizer extending laterally into the pipe at a point or points from the well head to sales line.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the removal of acid gases from gaseous mixtures wherein said mixture is contacted with an aqueous alkaline solution comprising a compound of an alkali metal or ammonia and an alkanolamine-based promoter characterized in that the promoter is a mixture of at least one secondary alkanolamine and at least one N-alkyl-2-aminoethanol, said alkyl radical containing up to 3 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved process for the removal of acid gases from gas mixtures which significantly decreases the consumption of heat needed for regenerating the rich alkaline scrubbing solution which is used to remove the acid gases from the gas mixtures. The process comprises passing one portion of the scrubbing solution through a steam stripping section and another portion of the scrubbing solution through a flashing section for regeneration wherein the overhead vapors from the steam stripping section are used to heat and strip the scrubbing solution in the flashing section and heat contained within the regenerated scrubbing solution coming from the steam stripping section is utilized to aid in the regeneration of the scrubbing solution in the flashing section.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for removing noxious gases, such as, oxides of nitrogen, sulfur or carbon from industrial influent gas streams which utilizes growing plants positioned in long residence contact time apparatus for removing the noxious gases.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing hydrogen sulfide from crude coke oven gas comprises initially scrubbing the crude coke oven gas in a low pressure scrubber using an aqueous regeneratable liquor. The gas is subsequently scrubbed in a high pressure scrubber using the same liquor. Streams of spent washing liquor are united and supplied to a regenerating unit where the hydrogen sulfide is removed in the form of sulfur or sulfuric acid. After the regenerating unit the liquor is returned to the high and low pressure scrubbers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the selective removal of hydrogen sulfide from a gaseous stream additionally containing carbon dioxide by contacting the gaseous stream with a polyvalent metal chelate solution for a time sufficient to allow the polyvalent metal chelate to oxidize the hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur without allowing the polyvalent metal chelate solution to absorb appreciable amounts of carbon dioxide. The pH of the metal chelate solution should be greater than 7 and the contact time between the polyvalent metal chelate and the gaseous stream is between 0.006 and 0.08 second.

Abstract: A process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from sour gas or other gases produced upon the retorting of shale by the injection of an aqueous ammonia solution. Further, this process reduces the amount of arsenic present in product oil formed in the retort process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for purifying flue gases developed during the combustion of waste materials and containing solids of various compositions as well as pollutant gases and heavy metals in gaseous form, wherein the primarily solid components are removed from the flue gas in a separating system and are collected as flue ashes and wherein the flue gas is washed for the purpose of binding the pollutant gases of the residual solids components, particularly in the slag.It is the object of the present invention to provide a process wherein, during flue gas purification, the gaseous heavy metal contaminants as well as the heavy metal contaminants which are present in the flue ash and in the slag in soluble form, can be removed from the flue gas purification process in the most compact form, with simultaneously achieving good, or even improved, initial purification of HCl, SO.sub.2. NO.sub.x. All other residues should be returnable for further use.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is removed from gas streams containing it with or without carbon dioxide by contacting the gas feed stream with an aqueous liquid containing sulfide and bisulfide ions and having a pH in the range from 9 to 12 to remove a minor portion of the hydrogen sulfide and then removing the remainder with an aqueous liquid containing sulfide and bisulfide ions having a higher pH in the range from 11 to 13.5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an alkaline salt promoter system which includes an N-aminoalkyl alkylpiperazine, preferably the compound 1-(3-aminopropyl)-2,5-dimethylpiperazine (APDP), an alkali metal salt or hydroxide (e.g., K.sub.2 CO.sub.3) and water. These scrubbing compositions may be used for removing CO.sub.2 from gaseous streams containing CO.sub.2.

Abstract: A process for removing hydrogen sulfide from saturated steam is described whereby the steam and hydrogen sulfide entrained therein are contacted under conditions of turbulent flow with hydrogen peroxide. The effectiveness of the process is improved by simultaneously contacting the steam with a basic reagent such as sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: A method of desulfurizing coke oven gas comprises directing the coke oven gases upwardly and in a hydrogen sulfide scrubber tower, washing the coke oven gases in a cyclic ammonia washing including admixing sulfur compounds containing waste gases and without cooling with ammonia in a degasifying unit which is supplied with ammonia containing water which is advantageously obtained from a tar separator and using the heat content of the waste gases to expel the ammonia from the water, and directing the waste gases laden with the expelled ammonia into the tower. The waste gases advantageously come from a Claus plant process and they are laden with ammonia and they are advantageously directed into the upper portion of the scrubber tower. Ammonia water is circulated in an ammonia circuit from an outlet which is advantageously located in the upper portion of the tower to an inlet which connects to the tower above the outlet.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide and/or carbonyl sulfide in a gas which does not substantially contain oxygen can easily be removed from the gas by contacting the gas with an activated carbon containing (1) a copper compound and (2) an alkali metal compound and/or alkaline earth metal compound at a temperature of not higher than 150.degree. C.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for electrolysis of a spent caustic solution in a three-compartment cell to produce alkali metal hydroxide, hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide. The hydrogen sulfide is oxidized to sulfur dioxide which is returned to the electrolysis cell to form sulfuric acid.

Abstract: An improved coke oven gas washing process for removing hydrogen sulfide is proposed wherein the coke oven gas is treated in a hydrogen sulfide scrubber by counterflow with an aqueous ammonia wash water. A stream of aqueous weak ammonia liquor is cooled and sprayed through nozzles in the mid-region of the hydrogen sulfide scrubber. A quantity of aqueous ammonia liquor, corresponding to the quantity which is sprayed through the said nozzles, is withdrawn from the hydrogen sulfide scrubber at a level below the nozzles and is introduced into the top of the said hydrogen sulfide scrubber. Ammonia vapor released at the nozzles has a higher partial pressure than the ammonia partial pressure of the coke oven gas in the region of the nozzle. The aqueous ammonia liquor from the deacidifier is the source of the cooled aqueous ammonia liquor which is introduced through the nozzles.

Abstract: The NH.sub.3 content is regulated in methanol used in a process for scrubbing out sour gases from gaseous mixtures and/or for preventing ice formation prior to the scrubbing step. The methanol is freed, after the scrubbing step, respectively of absorbed gaseous components and/or water, and reused in the cycle as scrubbing liquid and/or for preventing ice formation. A strong acid is added to the methanol from water-soluble ammonium salts. Thereby, dissolved salts are formed which are removed together with water. Deleterious trace acids are also removed by an analogous treatment with a basic compound. The acid/base treatments are conducted in succession.

Abstract: A composition is provided which comprises an aqueous alkaline solution of a metal salt and black liquor, the metal salt being selected from the group consisting of iron, chromium, cobalt and nickel salts. This composition is useful in a process described for absorption of hydrogen sulfide from flue gas, followed by subsequent oxidation of dissolved sulfide to thiosulfate, if desired. The presence of the metal ions and black liquor synergistically catalyzes the overall reaction of absorption of hydrogen sulfide, followed by oxidation of the sulfide. Preferably, prior to scrubbing to remove hydrogen sulfide with the solution, the flue gas is first cooled to near its dew point, and then scrubbed with water to remove particulates. Additionally, the effluent flue gas from the absorption step is usefully scrubbed with water to recover heat, following which it is used to scrub condensates from a kraft pulp mill. The metal salt in the solution is preferably an iron salt at a concentration of about 0.002 M.

Abstract: Essentially all of the H.sub.2 S in steam which also contains up to 30 ppmw of CO.sub.2 per ppmw of H.sub.2 S can be scrubbed from the steam with aqueous NaOH or Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3 without consuming more than about 4 mols of NaOH or 2 mols of Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3 per mol of H.sub.2 S and without consuming more than about 0.18 pounds of water per pound of steam scrubbed, if (1) the steam is scrubbed countercurrently in a tower containing a contacting means equivalent to at least 6 theoretical stages, (2) the sulfide species in the tower effluent are completely oxidized to sulfo species and (3) the oxidized effluent--less a bleed stream and plus water and base makeup--is recycled to the tower. If the steam is scrubbed in this manner before being introduced to the turbines in a power plant, the exhaust from the turbines can be vented to the atmosphere without further treatment. The method of the invention is particularly suited for use at the Geysers geothermal "steam" field in California.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is first removed by ammoniacal liquor from coke oven gas in the bottom part of a gas scrubber. In the top part of the scrubber, two consecutively-arranged fine scrubbing stages remove hydrogen sulfide by treating the gases, in the upper stage, with a caustic soda solution or a caustic potash solution. Beneath the upper scrubbing stage is the second fine scrubbing stage fed with a subflow of an aqueous carbonate solution collecting at the outlet of the upper fine scrubbing stage and a subflow of cooled, regenerated carbonate solution discharged from the hydrogen-sulfide/hydrogen-cyanide stripper. From the hydrogen-sulfide/hydrogen-cyanide stripper, a second subflow is admixed with coal liquor for removing fixed ammonia therefrom in a separator. The separator produces water vapor with carbon dioxide vapors that are delivered to the hydrogen-sulfide/hydrogen-cyanide stripper for regenerating the aqueous carbonate washing solution.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is removed from a gas stream by injecting an alkaline solution into the gas stream. The velocity of the gas stream is such that it has a Reynolds number of at least 50,000 and the Weber number for the injected alkaline solution is at least about 16. Alkali metal hydroxides and polyvalent metal chelates are useful alkaline solutions.

Abstract: A process of separating in multiple stages acid components in coke oven gas such as CO.sub.2, HCN and particularly H.sub.2 S by ammonia scrubbing wherein the ammonia used in scrubbing is deacidified to remove the acid components and is recirculated to the scrubbing process at least in part as substantially pure liquid ammonia.

Abstract: A novel class of severely sterically hindered secondary aminoether alcohols of the general formula: ##STR1## are prepared wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each selected from the group consisting of alkyl and hydroxylalkyl radicals R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and hydroxyalkyl radicals, with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.4 or R.sub.5 bonded to the carbon atom directly bonded to the nitrogen atom is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical when R.sub.3 is hydrogen, x and y are each positive integers ranging from 2-4 and z is a positive integer ranging from 1-4. The compounds are useful in the selective removal of H.sub.2 S from mixtures containing H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2.

Abstract: Certain impure steams, especially those from geothermal sources, are polluted with hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, carbon dioxide, other gases, and finely divided particulate solid matter in a form resembling dust or smoke. These contaminants reduce the efficiency of the steam as a heat transfer fluid, are detrimental to equipment utilizing steam as an energy source, and result in environmental pollution or expensive requirements for limiting the same. Herein so polluted steam is selectively processed in the gaseous state to remove hydrogen sulfide therefrom, with or without removing other pollutants, to recover valuable materials therefrom, and to improve the utility of the steam as an energy source. This is done by contacting a flow of the steam with aqueous fluid reactant media comprising one or more reactive compounds of certain metals electropositive with respect to hydrogen. The valuable materials subsequently may be recovered from said media as useful byproducts. The reactant compounds may be recycled.