Abstract: Methods and compositions for depositing a film on one or more substrates include providing a reactor and at least one substrate disposed in the reactor. At least one lanthanide precursor is provided in vapor form and a lanthanide thin film layer is deposited onto the substrate.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion material is provided with stable thermoelectric conversion properties such as power factor in air at high temperature. The thermoelectric conversion material contains a mixed metal oxide comprising M1, M2A and M2B as metal elements at a molar ratio of M1:M2A:M2B of 2:1:1 and has a perovskite crystal structure, wherein M1 represents at least one M1A selected from the group consisting of La, Y and lanthanoid elements, or a combination of M1A and at least one M1B selected from among alkaline earth metal elements, M2A represents at least one selected from the group consisting of metal elements each of which can have an atomic valence of 2, M2B represents at least one selected from the group consisting of metal elements each of which can have an atomic valence of 4, M1, M2A and M2B are different from one another, and each of M2A and M2B may contain a doping element.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process of making nano-sized or micro-sized precipitate particles. The process comprising the steps of mixing, in a reaction zone, a metal salt solution with a precipitant solution to form a precipitate, said precipitate being at least one of a metal chalcogenide, metal hydroxide and metal oxide; and applying a shear force to said mixing solutions in said reaction zone during said mixing step, wherein said shear force and the conditions within said reaction zone form said nano-sized or micro-sized precipitate particles.

Abstract: A method for preparing single-crystalline, rare-earth metal hexaboride nanowires by a chemical vapor deposition process is described. Also described are the nanowires themselves, the electron emitting properties of the nanowires, and the use of the nanowires in electron emitting devices, particularly as point electron sources.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing nanosize to microsize particles of compounds of the rare earth metals and other transition metals and also for producing colloid-chemically stable sols of these particles.

Abstract: A cerium-zirconium mixed oxide with improved heat resistance of the specific surface area at a high temperature (1000° C.) is provided along with a manufacturing method therefor. This cerium-zirconium mixed oxide comprises of spherical particles 5 to 20 nm in size and rodlike particles 5 to 20 nm in diameter and to 150 nm in length, and preferably has a pore volume of 0.3 cm3/g or more and a specific surface area of 35 m2/g or more after 5 hours of heat treatment at 1000° C.

Abstract: Nanophosphor compositions were prepared. The compositions can be used for radiation detection.

Abstract: Disclosed is cerium oxide powder for a CMP abrasive, which can improve polishing selectivity of a silicon oxide layer to a silicon nitride layer and/or within-wafer non-uniformity (WIWNU) during chemical mechanical polishing in a semiconductor fabricating process. More particularly, the cerium oxide powder is obtained by using cerium carbonate having a hexagonal crystal structure as a precursor. Also, CMP slurry comprising the cerium oxide powder as an abrasive, and a shallow trench isolation method for a semiconductor device using the CMP slurry as polishing slurry are disclosed.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials related to rare earth particles such as rare earth nanorods (e.g., inorganic lanthanide hydroxide nanorods). For example, rare earth (e.g., lanthanide) particles such as europium hydroxide nanorods, methods and materials for making rare earth particles (e.g., europium hydroxide nanorods), and methods and materials for using rare earth particles (e.g., europium hydroxide nanorods) as an imaging agent and/or to promote angiogenesis are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of producing surface-modified nanoparticulate particles at least of one metal oxide, metal hydroxide and/or metal oxide hydroxide, and aqueous suspensions of these particles. The invention further relates to the surface-modified nanoparticulate particles, obtainable by these methods, at least of one metal oxide, metal hydroxide and/or metal oxide hydroxide and aqueous suspensions of these particles, and to their use for cosmetic sunscreen preparations, as stabilizer in plastics and as antimicrobial active ingredient.

Abstract: Process for preparing a metal oxide powder, in which starting materials are evaporated and oxidized, wherein a metal melt in the form of droplets and one or more combustion gases are fed to the evaporation zone of a reactor, where the metal melt is evaporated completely under nonoxidizing conditions, subsequently, the mixture flowing out of the evaporation zone is reacted in the oxidation zone of this reactor with a stream of a supplied oxygen-containing gas whose oxygen content is at least sufficient to oxidize the metal and the combustion gases completely.

Abstract: A compound oxide manufacturing method includes: dispersing micelles, in each of which an aqueous phase is formed, in an oil phase; producing primary particles of a precursor of compound oxide in the aqueous phases in the micelles; synthesizing secondary particles by causing the primary particles to aggregate; and causing the secondary particles to aggregate by breaking the dispersion state of the micelles, or by causing the micelles to coalesce. In particular, polarization is produced in each of the micelles with the use of a cation having an ionic radius larger than that of a metal ion at least when the secondary particles are synthesized in the micelles.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating nano particles, including but not limited to nano particles of Ceo, at high concentration. The invention uses a solid aerosol disperser in communication with a furnace tube having a vaporization chamber and a dilution chamber. A heating element surrounds the furnace tube. Heat from the heating element heats bulk materials contained within a gas flow in the vaporization chamber to a temperature sufficient to convert the bulk materials to a vapor phase. Vaporized bulk materials are then moved to a dilution chamber, where an inert gas is introduced through a dilution gas port. The flow of the inert gas into the dilution chamber through the dilution gas port is sufficient to eject the bulk material from the exit of the dilution chamber, thereby condensing the bulk material into nano sized particles in a gas flow of sufficient volume to prevent agglomeration of the nano sized particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved sol-gel process for the preparation of nanocrystalline CeTi2O6 compound, which has applications in the area of photocatalytic activity. This compound can be obtained by completely drying the solution, which comprises both titanium and cerium precursors into a xerogel and sintering it at a temperature of 1400° C. for 5 min. in air The Ce:Ti mole ratio in the precursor sol for the preparation of this compound is identified in the range of 0.33:1 and 0.6:1.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing zirconium oxide, in its various forms, including zirconium-based mixed oxides. There is described a process for preparing a zirconium oxide in the absence of a cerium salt which comprises precipitating a zirconium hydroxide from an aqueous solution of a zirconium salt by reaction with an alkali in the presence of a controlled amount of sulphate anions at a temperature not greater than 50° C. and then calcining the hydroxide to form an oxide, wherein the oxide thus formed is essentially sulphate free. Catalysts and ceramics can be produced from the product oxides having improved thermal stability and improved sinterability, respectively. A particular use of the product oxide is as a promoter or catalyst support in automobile exhaust systems.

Abstract: The present invention provides a porous composite oxide comprising an aggregate of secondary particles in the form of aggregates of primary particles of a composite oxide containing two or more types of metal elements, and having mesopores having a pore diameter of 2-100 nm between the secondary particles; wherein, the percentage of the mesopores between the secondary particles having a diameter of 10 nm or more is 10% or more of the total mesopore volume after firing for 5 hours at 600° C. in an oxygen atmosphere.

Abstract: Methods for producing substantially single phase yttrium phosphate which exhibits the xenotime crystal structure are disclosed. The methods can be practiced without the use of high temperatures (e.g., the methods can be practiced at temperatures less than 1000° C.). The resulting yttrium phosphate can be in the form of particles which comprise interwoven strands of crystals of yttrium phosphate and/or nanoparticles prepared from such particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to alkaline-earth or rare-earth metal aluminate precursor compounds, to their method of preparation and to their use in particular as phosphor precursors. These alkaline-earth or rare-earth metal aluminate precursor compounds are essentially crystallized in the form of a transition alumina and in the form of substantially spherical and chemically homogeneous particles including pores whose mean diameter is of at least 10 nm.

Abstract: Crystalline scintillator materials comprising nano-scale particles of metal halides are provided. The nano-scale particles are less than 100 nm in size. Methods are provided for preparing the particles. In these methods, ionic liquids are used in place of water to allow precipitation of the final product. In one method, the metal precursors and halide salts are dissolved in separate ionic liquids to form solutions, which are then combined to form the nano-crystalline end product. In the other methods, micro-emulsions are formed using ionic liquids to control particle size.

Abstract: A heat-insulating material has a first phase with the stoichiometric composition of 0.1 to 10 mol-% M12O3, 0.1 to 10 mol-% Li2O, and as the remainder M22O3 with possible impurities. M1 is selected from the elements lanthanum, neodymium, gadolinium, or a mixture thereof, and M2 is selected from the elements aluminum, gallium, iron, or a mixture thereof. The first phase is present in a magnetoplumbite structure.

Abstract: State-of-the-art electronic structure calculations provide the likelihood of the availability of ScLi3N2, TiLi3N2, VLi3N2, CrLi3N2, MnLi3N2, CoLi3N2, NiLi3N2, CuLi3N2, and ZnLi3N2 as compounds for reaction with hydrogen under suitable conditions. Reaction with hydrogen is likely to form stable hydrides of the family ScLi3N2Hn, TiLi3N2Hn, VLi3N2Hn, CrLi3N2Hn, MnLi3N2Hn, FeLi3N2Hn CoLi3N2Hn, NiLi3N2Hn, CuLi3N2Hn, and ZnLi3N2Hn, where n is an integer in the range of 1-4. These materials offer utility for hydrogen storage systems.

Abstract: A plastic implant device for a mammal that contains a rare earth metal compound tracer and a method for detecting degradation such as wear of the implanted device are disclosed. The tracer can also be present with a separate antioxidant or the tracer compound can be can be the salt of a C6-C22 unsaturated carboxylic acid. The rare earth metal compound tracer is released when the prosthetic is worn down or otherwise degraded in the mammalian body in which it was implanted. The presence and amount of released tracer present in a body fluid or tissue sample measured and is proportional to the degree of degradation of the implant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel inorganic sulfate ion scavenger that is environmentally friendly and has high performance. With regard to the inorganic sulfate ion scavenger of the present invention, the amount of ionic impurities leaching out in pure water is no greater than 500 ppm and the amount of sulfate ion leaching out in pure water is no greater than 30 ppm. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an inorganic scavenging composition comprising the inorganic scavenger, and to an electronic component-sealing resin composition, an electronic component-sealing material, an electronic component, a varnish, an adhesive, a paste, and a product employing the inorganic scavenger or the inorganic scavenging composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a mixed carbonate of formula AB(CO3)2, in which A and B are different and chosen from alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals and rare earths, for the containment of radioactive carbon. This use may for example involve a process comprising: mixing CO2 having a radioactive carbon to be contained, or a simple carbonate of an alkali, alkaline-earth or rare-earth metal having a radioactive carbon to be contained, with an aqueous solution of a mixture of ACln and BClm or with an aqueous solution of a mixture of A(OH)n, and B(OH)m in order to obtain a precipitate of AB(CO3)2, where n and m are integers sufficient to compensate for the charge of A and B respectively; recovery of the AB(CO3)2 precipitate in powder form; and then pressing and sintering of the powder at a 20 temperature below the decarbonation temperature of the mixed carbonate manufactured in order to obtain sintered pellets of mixed carbonates for the containment of the radioactive carbon.

Abstract: The present invention provides a porous composite oxide comprising an aggregate of secondary particles in the form of aggregates of primary particles of a composite oxide containing two or more types of metal elements, and having mesopores having a pore diameter of 2-100 nm between the secondary particles; wherein, the percentage of the mesopores between the secondary particles having a diameter of 10 nm or more is 10% or more of the total mesopore volume after firing for 5 hours at 600° C. in an oxygen atmosphere.

Abstract: To provide a perovskite-type composite oxide which has stable quality in which a solid solution of Pd is formed at a high rate, a method for producing the perovskite-type composite oxide, and a catalyst composition containing the perovskite-type composite oxide, the perovskite-type composite oxide is produced by formulating materials in accordance with each atomic ratio of a perovskite-type composite oxide represented by the following general formula (1): AxB(1-y)PdyO3+???(1) wherein A represents at least one element selected from rare earth elements and alkaline earth metals; B represents at least one element selected from transition elements (excluding rare earth elements, and Pd), Al and Si; x represents an atomic ratio satisfying the following condition: 1<x; y represents an atomic ratio satisfying the following condition: 0<y?0.5; and ? represents an oxygen excess.

Abstract: Rare earth-activated aluminum nitride powders are made using a solution-based approach to form a mixed hydroxide of aluminum and a rare earth metal, the mixed hydroxide is then converted into an ammonium metal fluoride, preferably a rare earth-substituted ammonium aluminum hexafluoride ((NH4)3Al1-xRExF6), and finally the rare earth-activated aluminum nitride is formed by ammonolysis of the ammonium metal fluoride at a high temperature. The use of a fluoride precursor in this process avoids sources of oxygen during the final ammonolysis step which is a major source of defects in the powder synthesis of nitrides. Also, because the aluminum nitride is formed from a mixed hydroxide co-precipitate, the distribution of the dopants in the powder is substantially homogeneous in each particle.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lutetium oxide sinter to which yttrium is added in an amount of 100 mass ppm to 7000 mass ppm, whose average particle size is from 0.7 to 20 ?m, and with which there is no precipitation of a hetero phase containing yttrium at the grain boundary.

Abstract: A composition is provided that includes a plurality of calcined particles of terbium aluminum oxide having a mean particle domain size of between 30 and 600 nanometers. A translucent article having a surface includes polycrystalline terbium aluminum garnet having a mean grain size from 1 to 10 microns and light scattering inclusions of aluminum-rich oxide and/or terbium-rich oxide that are present at less than 2 surface area percent of the surface. A process for forming such an article involves sintering the above provided composition at a temperature between 1500° C. and 1700° C. to yield a sintered article. The article has improved translucency and even transparency as sintering is performed under vacuum at a temperature between 1610° C. and 1680° C. Hot isostatic pressing alone or in combination with article polishing also improves article translucency.

Abstract: Nanoscale UV absorbing particles are described that have high UV absorption cross sections while being effectively transparent to visible light. These particles can be used to shield individuals from harmful ultraviolet radiation. These particles can also be used in industrial processing especially to produce solid state electronic devices by creating edges of photoresist material with a high aspect ratio. The UV absorbing particles can also be used as photocatalysts that become strong oxidizing agents upon exposure to UV light. Laser pyrolysis provides an efficient method for the production of suitable particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to nanoscale rutile or oxide powder that is obtained by producing amorphous TiO2 by mixing an alcoholic solution with a titanium alcoholate and with an aluminum alcohalate and adding water and acid. The amorphous, aluminum-containing TiO2 is isolated by removing the solvent, and is redispersed in water in the presence of a tin salt. Thermal or hydrothermal post-processing yields rutile or oxide that can be redispersed to primary particle size. The n-rutile or the obtained oxide having a primary particle size ranging between 5 and 20 nm can be incorporated into all organic matrices so that they remain transparent. Photocatalytic activity is suppressed by lattice doping with trivalent ions. If the amorphous precursor is redispersed in alcohol, or not isolated, but immediately crystallized, an anatase is obtained that can be redispersed to primary particle size.

Abstract: Process for the production of a metal oxide powder having a BET surface area of at least 20 m2/g by reacting an aerosol with oxygen in a reaction space at a reaction temperature of more than 700° C. and then separating the resulting powder from gaseous substances in the reaction space, wherein the aerosol is obtained by atomisation using a multi-component nozzle of at least one starting material, as such in liquid form or in solution, and at least one atomising gas, the volume-related mean drop diameter D30 of the aerosol is from 30 to 100 ?m and the number of aerosol drops larger than 100 ?m is up to 10%, based on the total number of drops, and metal oxide powder obtainable by this process.

Abstract: A particulate material is ground more efficiently using a mixture of at least two different sizes of yttrium-stabilized zirconia balls. The method facilitates preparation of photocatalysts with high activity.

Abstract: A solvothermal process for making inorganic nanoparticles is described. Inorganic nanoparticles can be produced by forming a suspension or solution comprising at least one group II-IV and lanthanide metal inorganic salt in a first medium, disposing the suspension or solution in a sealed chamber having an interior pressure, elevating the interior pressure of the sealed chamber to an initial interior pressure prior to the heating, heating the suspension or solution to a peak temperature higher than the normal boiling point of the first medium, optionally adding a second medium to the suspension or solution after the heating.

Abstract: A method of producing an oxidation catalyst for cleaning exhaust gas, excellent in the function of oxidizing high boiling point materials such as particulates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines is provided. Metal elements A and B are selected so that the value of the ionic radius of metal element A/the ionic radius of metal element B is in the range of from 1.349 to 1.580. After reacting the grind mixed material of the first metal element A, the second metal element B, and urea, the reactant material is grind mixed, and thereafter subjected to firing at 600 to 1200° C. for 1 to 5 hours. By doing so, an oxidation catalyst for cleaning exhaust gas comprising a composite oxide represented by the general formula ABO3 is obtained.

Abstract: A nitridosilicate-based compound is produced by reacting an alkaline-earth metal compound capable of generating an alkaline-earth metal oxide by heating or a rare earth compound capable of generating a rare earth oxide by heating with at least a silicon compound, while the alkaline-earth metal compound or the rare earth compound is being reduced and nitrided by the reaction with carbon in an atmosphere of nitriding gas. Because of this, a nitridosilicate-based compound of high quality can be produced industrially at low cost.

Abstract: A particulate material comprising cerium oxide particles having a secondary particle size distribution in a range of 80 nm to 199 nm and a density of at least 6.6 g/cm3.

Abstract: The invention relates to an oxide material of general formula (I) A2?x?yA?XA?yM1?z M?Z04+?, wherein A and A? are independently a metal cation of a group formed by lanthanides and/or alkalis and/or alkaline earths, A? is a cationic gap, i.e. a cation vacancy A and/or A?, M and M? are independently a metal of a group formed by transition metals such as 0<y<0.30, preferably 0<y=0.20; 0<?<0.25, preferably 0<?<0.10; 0=x=1; and 0=z=1. An air electrode containing said material and an electric power producing device in the form of a fuel cell provided with at least one electrochemical cell comprising said electrode are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a contrast agent for optical imaging. The inventive contrast agent comprises a luminescent substance, wherein the luminescent substance comprises Tm2+. Furthermore, the present invention refers to the use of a Tm2+ containing material as a luminescent substance in a contrast agent for optical imaging. The invention also relates to a method of optical imaging of tissue, the method comprises the steps (a) contacting an effective amount of the Tm2+ containing contrast agent with the tissue, (b) exposing the tissue to electromagnetic radiation in the wave-length range between 200 nm and 800 nm, (c) detecting any luminescence signal emitted by the tissue exposed to the electromagnetic radiation, and (d) processing the detected luminescence signal(s) into an image.

Abstract: A method of forming rare earth oxide nanocrystals include the steps of dissolving a rare earth including compound in a solution containing at least one organic solvent, heating the solution to a temperature of at least 160° C., wherein a concentration of the rare earth including compound provided upon decomposition is sufficient to provide critical supersaturation of at least one active intermediate in the solution to nucleate a plurality of rare earth oxide nanocrystals. The plurality of rare earth nanocrystals are then grown, wherein the growing step proceeds at least in part in the absence of critical supersaturation of the active intermediate. The rare earth nanocrystals can assemble into at least one close-packed, ordered nanocrystal superlattice.

Abstract: An exemplary optical limiter device (100) has an optically transmissive substrate (102) and a layer (104) on a first surface (106) of the substrate, the layer having a trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerene. The layer can be a thin film of the trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerene, a layer material with a cavity containing a solution with the trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerene, a sol-gel with a trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerene, and a self assembled monolayer with a trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerene. The layers of trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerenes can be vapor deposited, solution deposited and/or self assembled onto optical components. The third-order nonlinear properties of these films provide desired transmission characteristics.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a method of processing detonation nanodiamonds to fractionate the detonation nanodiamonds involves, in order forming a combination of detonation nanodiamonds and a solvent, said solvent containing at least approximately 10% DMSO (v/v), applying a dispersive technique to said combination, subjecting said combination to a procedure that causes nanodiamond particles of a first size range to be substantially spatially separated from nanodiamonds of a second size range, and collecting said nanodiamonds of said first size range essentially free of said second size range. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.

Abstract: A mixing reactor for mixing efficiently streams of fluids of differing densities. In a preferred embodiment, one of the fluids is supercritical water, and the other is an aqueous salt solution. Thus, the reactor enables the production of metal oxide nanoparticles as a continuous process, without any risk of the reactor blocking due to the inefficient mixing inherent in existing reactor designs.

Abstract: A process for preparing nickel hydroxide by alkaline precipitation from nickel salt solutions in the presence of complexing agents, in which the precipitation is carried out at at least two different locations in the same mother liquor with different precipitation kinetics at the different locations and the mother liquor is mixed prior to agglomeration of the precipitated primary crystals, is described.

Abstract: A sintered body for thermistor element of the invention is a sintered body for thermistor element containing Sr, Y, Mn, Al, Fe, and O, wherein not only respective liquid crystal phases of a perovskite type oxide and a garnet type oxide are contained, but also a liquid crystal phase of at least one of an Sr—Al based oxide and an Sr—Fe based oxide. FeYO3 and/or AlYO3 is selected as the foregoing perovskite type oxide, and at least one member selected from Y3Al5O12, Al2Fe3Y3O12, and Al3Fe2Y3O12 is selected as the foregoing garnet type oxide, respectively by the powder X-ray diffraction analysis.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of manufacturing dysprosium oxide nanoparticles and a method of manufacturing a dysprosium oxide nanosol, which can prepare dysprosium oxide particles having a size of tens of nanometers with high yield by using a simple, low-cost process. The method of manufacturing dysprosium oxide nanoparticles includes preparing a dysprosium salt solution by dissolving a dysprosium salt in a solvent; impregnating an organic polymer comprising a nanosized pore with the dysprosium salt solution; and heating the organic polymer impregnated with the dysprosium salt solution until the organic polymer is fired.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing oxide particles, comprising a step of mixing a metal carbonate with an acid to give a mixture, a step of heating the mixture to give a metal oxide and a step of pulverizing the metal oxide, and slurry wherein metal oxide particles obtained by the above method of producing are dispersed in an aqueous medium, a polishing slurry, and a method of polishing a substrate. Particularly, the present invention provides a polishing slurry containing cerium oxide particles obtained by using cerium carbonate as the metal carbonate material and oxalic acid as the acid. The present invention provides a method of producing oxide particles, wherein coarse particle- and abrasion powder-free fine particles can be rapidly obtained. The present invention also provides a polishing slurry using the oxide particles, which can maintain a suitable polishing rate, can reduce generation of scratches, and can accurately polish the surface of a semiconductor.

Abstract: A substantially pure phase LaTaO4 photocatalyst is prepared by grinding precursors with mixture of at least two different sizes of high-density yttrium-stabilized zirconia balls to a very fine particle size and calcining the ground precursors. The LaTaO4 photocatalyst prepared by this method is useful in photolysis of water.

Abstract: Cerium oxide powder having carbonate groups and made of crystalline primary particles containing cerium oxide and having carbonate groups on the surface and in a region close to the surface, and having a BET surface area of from 25 to 150 m2/g, a mean diameter of from 5 to 50 nm, a carbonate concentration in the region close to the surface decreasing inwardly from the surface, a carbon content due to carbonate groups on the surface of from 5 to 50% by area, a carbon content due to carbonate groups at a depth of about 5 nm in a region close to the surface of from 0 to 30% by area, a content of cerium oxide calculated as CeO2 and based on the powder of at least 99.5% by weight and a content of organic and inorganic carbon of from 0.01 to 0.3% by weight. A dispersion containing this powder.

Abstract: A phosphor has a chemical formula of: (X1-mEum)4Y(BO3)3, wherein X is at least one of the group consisting of Ca, Sr and Ba, and Y is at least one of the group consisting of Li, Na and K, while 0<m?0.5.