Abstract: A process and apparatus for refining iron from high-phosphorus content iron ores. The process involves mixing a high-phosphorus iron oxide ore and an alkaline solution of pH between about 12.5 and 13.5, screening the mixture by gravity to separate an alkaline-high-phosphorus solution from a low-phosphorus iron ore; and treating the low-phosphorus iron ore with lime and a natural gas.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering iodine, which can be carried out simply and economically without practicing mixing processing operation of iodine-containing material, an alkali metal compound and a solvent in advance before introducing to a combustion furnace. The object of the present invention can be attained by a method for recovering iodine which comprises feeding an iodine-containing solution containing iodine and/or iodine compound, a basic alkali metal compound solution and/or a basic alkaline earth metal compound solution separately to a roasting furnace, oxidatively decomposing a combustible material by heat treatment, and absorbing iodine and/or iodine salt contained in a component at heat treatment exit with water or an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A method for fast cooling granules of low melting point, subliming substances obtained by a prilling process. The granules are in the shape of a plurality of droplets having diameters of 0.5. to 4 mm and are formed from a prilling column with the droplets partially solidified by means of a countercurrent air cooling. The partially solidified particles are received in an inert liquid in which the substance is insoluble. The liquid also has a lower boiling point than the melting point of this substance. The solidified particles are separated from the liquid before being completely cooled so that their remaining heat content evaporates any residual liquid from the particles.

Abstract: The production of ultra-hard particles composed substantially of carbon as the dominant element is taught. The ultra-hard particle comprises a covalently bonded lattice structure produced by reacting a carbide selected from the group consisting of acetylide carbides, interstitial carbides and metal carbides with a polyhalide selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.n X.sub.A Y.sub.(4-n)-A, C.sub.2 H.sub.n' X.sub.A' Y.sub.(6-n')-A', C.sub.2 H.sub.n" X.sub.A" Y.sub.(4-n")-A", BX.sub.3, C.sub.6 X.sub.6, C.sub.5 X.sub.5 N, SX.sub.2 and X.sub.2 wherein X and Y are different halogens selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine, and wherein A is an integer from 0 to 4, A' is an integer from 0 to 6, and A" is an integer from 0 to 4, and wherein n is an integer from 0 to 4, n' is an integer from 0 to 6, and n" is an integer from 0 to 4, wherein A, A', A", n, n' or n" is the same integer in any particular member selected and wherein n+A=4, n'+A'=6 and n"+A"=4.

Abstract: This is a process for recovering bromine from a waste liquid formed in the production of an aniline derivative by ammonolysis of a nuclear substituted bromobenzene derivative with a halogen atom or a functional group. The waste liquid is first subjected to chlorine treatment in alkaline region to remove most part of ammonia and aniline derivatives, and then it is subjected to chlorine treatment in acidic region to recover bromine. The process does not involve danger of explosion accidents and can be smoothly operated.

Abstract: There is provided an improved process for the production of chlorine dioxide wherein an alkali metal chlorate, and hydrochloric acid are reacted in a vessel, and the salt crystals are separated from the generator crystal slurry.

Abstract: There is provided an improved process for the production of chlorine dioxide wherein an alkali metal chlorate, and a mineral acid are reacted in a single vessel, and the salt crystals separated from the generator crystal slurry.

Abstract: Pure liquid bromine is produced directly from an acidic aqueous bromide mother liquor by reacting it with about 80 to about 90% of the amount of chlorine stoichiometrically equivalent to the bromide present in the whole supplied mother liquor and collecting the liquid bromine which separates out of solution; the remaining mother liquor free from liquid bromine is steam distilled in the presence of sufficient chlorine to convert the rest of the bromide to bromine and to condense crude liquid bromine which is purified by washing with sufficient fresh mother liquor. Production capacity is increased by about 20% compared to conventional process in which all the bromine is submitted to steam distillation.

Abstract: Gold is recovered from gold bearing materials by dissolving gold in an iodide-iodine solution, precipitating gold with a reducing solution, removing the precipitated gold and then regenerating the iodide-iodine solution with an oxidizing agent.