Abstract: Provided are a battery-level Ni—Co—Mn mixed solution and a preparation method for a battery-level Mn solution, the steps thereof comprising: acid dissolution (S1), alkalization to remove impurities (S2), synchronous precipitation of calcium, magnesium, and lithium (S3), deep ageing to remove impurities (S4), synergistic extraction (S5), and refining extraction (S6). The steps of deep ageing to remove impurities (S4) and synergistic extraction (S5) comprise: performing deep ageing on a filtrate obtained from the step of synchronous precipitation of calcium, magnesium, and lithium (S3), and after performing filtration to remove impurities, obtaining an aged filtrate; using P204 to extract the aged filtrate and obtain a loaded organic phase, and subjecting the loaded organic phase to staged back-extraction to obtain the battery-level Ni—Co—Mn mixed solution and a Mn-containing solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of ammonium perrhenate (APR), which includes the use of Ca(OH)2 and to ammonium perrhenate which can be obtained by the method according to the invention.

Abstract: A method for hydrometallurgical extraction of rare earth elements and niobium from a an ore or a flotation concentrate containing rare earth elements, niobium, iron and alkali earth metals, the method comprising removal of the alkali earth metals using an acidic solution of a pH in a range between about 1 and about 6, leaching the rare earth elements; precipitation of the rare earth elements from a resulting pregnant leach solution using sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate; physically separating metal hydroxides from a resulting leach residue containing metal hydroxides, iron oxide, silicate, and pyrochlore; removing the iron oxide by physical beneficiation and then by atmospheric acid leaching; and recovering niobium from a clean solid residue by pressurized acid leaching.

Abstract: An improved method for treating manganese-containing materials, such as seafloor manganese nodules, by leaching with aqueous HNO3 and NO gas, and more particularly to methods for recovering valuable constituents from such nodules, especially manganese, cobalt, nickel, iron, and copper. It also provides a method to leach manganese material to release the titanium, vanadium, cerium, molybdenum and other metals from the manganese oxides and to make them available to be recovered.

Abstract: A nutrient composition for biological systems, such as humans, animals, plants or microorganisms includes at least one monometallic or mixed-metallic phosphate of the (M1 M2 M3 . . . Mx)3(PO4)2.aH2O type where 0?a?9, where (M1, M2, M3 . . . Mx) represent the one metal of the monometallic phosphate or the two or more metals of the mixed-metallic phosphate and are selected from Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and B, with the proviso that at least one of the metals in the phosphate is selected from Mn, Fe, Co and Ni.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing a positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery. In this method, a lithium salt is reflux-reacted with a metal salt in a basic solution. The positive active material has a spherical or sperical-like form, diameter of 10 nm to 10 &mgr;m, and a surface area of 0.1 to 5 m2/g.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing Li.sub.2 Mn.sub.2 O.sub.4 which comprises the steps of providing LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 ; providing a lithium salt; forming a solution or suspension of the LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 and lithium salt in a liquid medium; and adding a reducing agent to the solution or suspension.

Abstract: A process for producing manganese dioxide and zinc metal comprising the steps of:(1) reacting a mixture of zinc oxide and manganese oxide with an aqueous chloric acid solution wherein the chloric acid is in molar excess of the manganese oxide in a reaction zone to form a reaction mixture in the zone comprising chlorine gas, a solid phase containing manganese dioxide, and a liquid phase containing zinc oxide, chloric acid and water; the concentration of chloric acid in the liquid phase is greater than about 1% by weight of the liquid phase upon leaving the reaction zone;(2) separating the chlorine gas from the solid phase and the liquid phase;(3) separating the solid phase containing manganese dioxide from the liquid phase containing zinc ions, chlorate ions, chloric acid, and water thereby forming a separated solid phase and a separated liquid phase;(4) subjecting the separated liquid phase to electrolysis in an electrochemical cell, thereby producing zinc metal at the cathode and oxygen at the anode;(5) remo

Abstract: A process for producing manganese dioxide comprising the steps of:(1) reacting manganese oxide with a molar excess of an aqueous chloric acid solution in a reaction zone to form a reaction mixture in said zone comprising chlorine gas, a solid phase containing manganese dioxide, and a liquid phase containing chloric acid and water; the concentration of chloric acid in said liquid phase is greater than about 5% by weight of said liquid phase upon leaving the reaction zone;(2) separating said chlorine gas from said solid phase and said liquid phase;(3) separating said solid phase containing manganese dioxide from liquid phase containing chloric acid and water;(4) removing water from said separated liquid phase to concentrate said chloric acid in said separated liquid phase; and(5) returning said separated and concentrated liquid phase back to said reaction zone for further reaction with manganese oxide.

Abstract: A quaternary ammonium trihalide, a novel compound, represented by the formula:[A--R'].sup.+ .multidot.X.sub.3.sup.-(wherein A stands for a trialkyl-amino radical or a pyridyl radical, R' for an alkyl radical of 6 to 22 carbon atoms, and X for a halogen atom) and a method for the dissolution of a metal with a liquid consisting essentially of an organic solvent and the quaternary ammonium trihalide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant aluminum-based alloy thin film consisting of a composite having a composition represented by the general formula, Al.sub.a Ni.sub.b X.sub.c N.sub.d, wherein: X is a metal element selected from Y and Zr and a, b, c and d are as follows, in atomic percentages: 70.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.93, 0.5.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.7.5, 0.5.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.12 and 1.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.18, the composite being at least 50% (by volume) composed of an amorphous phase. The thin films are produced by depositing a material having the composition represented by the above-defined general formula onto a substrate by a thin film formation technique, such as sputtering, vacuum deposition or ion plating. In the production process, only nitrogen may be supplied as gas. The novel aluminum-based alloy thin film has superior corrosion-resistance and heat-resistance together with high levels of hardness and wear resistance.

Abstract: In a method of preparing high-purity manganese compounds, wherein the method comprises adding a member selected from ferromanganese and metallic manganeses to an aqueous electrolyte-containing solution, dissolving said member while stirring and maintaining a pH of 2 to 9, and then removing insolubles by filtration and recovering solubles by precipitation, heavy metal elements as well as non-metllic elements, such as P, Si, etc. can be removed efficiently, and high-purity manganese compounds of stable quality can be prepared.

Abstract: A metal is dissolved by being brought into contact with at least one halogenated hydrocarbon in the presence of a cationic surfactant.

Abstract: A method of processing manganese ore by adding the ore to an aqueous solution of acid and H.sub.2 O.sub.2 to form a leach pulp. The leach pulp is agitated for a predetermined time period at predetermined temperatures. The leach pulp is then separated into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction containing solubilized metals. The solubilized metals are then recovered from the liquid fraction.

Abstract: Waste containing sulfur and nickel sulfide is heated to volatilize sulfur and reacted with hydrogen chloride to form nickel chloride.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for recovering scandium from a tungsten bearing material containing tungsten, iron manganese and scandium. The process involves digesting the material in an aqueous solution selected from the group consisting of a saturated solution of sulfur dioxide and a sulfuric acid solution containing an additional reducing agent at a sufficient temperature for a sufficient time to form a digestion solution containing the major portion of the scandium, iron, and manganese, and a digestion solid containing the major portion of the tungsten which is separated from the digestion solution. The major portion of the scandium is extracted from the digestion solution with an organic consisting essentially of an extracting agent which is essentially a mixture of alkyl primary amines which are present in an amount sufficient to extract the major portion of the scandium without extracting appreciable amounts of iron and manganese, and the balance an essentially aromatic solvent.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for recovering tungsten, iron, and manganese from tungsten bearing material. The process involves digesting the material in a sulfur dioxide solution at a sufficient temperature for a sufficient time to form a digestion solution containing the major portion of the scandium, iron, and manganese, and a digestion solid containing the major portion of the tungsten which is separated from the digestion solution. The major portion of the scandium is extracted from the digestion solution with an organic consisting essentially of an extracting agent which is essentially a mixture of alkyl primary amines which are present in an amount sufficient to extract the major portion of the scandium without extracting appreciable amounts of iron and manganese, and the balance an essentially aromatic solvent. After separation of the scandium containing organic from the raffinate, the organic is stripped of the scandium with hydrochloric acid which is then separated from the stripped organic.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for separating tungsten from a solution containing tungstate and perrhenate ions. The process involves reacting a sufficient amount of hydrochloric acid with the solution at a sufficient temperature to form a solid containing essentially all of the tungsten and a liquor containing essentially all of the rhenium, and separating the solid from the liquor.

Abstract: A process for recovering metallic values by putting the values into solution and separating undesired mineral matter from the solution using countercurrent flotation is provided. The process involves leaching metallic values from host rock, conditioning the resultant ore pulp with the required reagents to achieve selective flotation of mineral matter in the metallic values solution, introducing the conditioned ore pulp into flotation cells, along with counterflow of solution from an immediately subsequent flotation step, wherein simultaneous washing and flotation is achieved, and the mineral matter is removed leaving a solution of the metallic values. The resultant mineral matter froth product is subjected to subsequent stages of flotation and simultaneous washing with counterflow of solution removed from each subsequent stage of flotation, water and/or barren solution being used for washing in the final flotation stage.

Abstract: A process for substantially reducing the presence of impurities from a sulfur-containing feed material such as dust and hydrometallurgical wastes that result from smelting and refining operations. Pelletized feed materials are heated to 800.degree. to 1150.degree. C and reacted with a gas stream containing chlorine and oxygen. In the presence of sulfur dioxide formed in situ and due to the presence of residual sulfur, the order of volatilization of the elements contained in the feed material is changed from that known for conventional chloridization processes to a more advantageous order. The elements Cd, Bi, Re, Pb, Mo, Sn, Sb, Zn, and As are volatilized and thereby separated from the solid feed material which is consequently enriched in Cu, Ag, Co, Fe, Ni, Au, and precious metals. The feed material is subsequently refined conventionally.

Abstract: When paraffins having a chain of 10 - 40 carbon atoms are reacted with gaseous oxygen in the presence of a manganese bearing catalyst, manganese is present in the oxidation mixture partly as a solute in the liquid mixture, and partly as a sludge. When the oxidation mixture is extracted with a dilute mineral acid, practically the entire manganese values present in the mixture are found in the aqueous extract which is free of significant amounts of organic matter. When a more concentrated aqueous acid is used in the extraction, practically the entire manganese values present are converted to a precipitate which is readily recovered and may be dissolved in water for further processing.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for treating manganese oxide ores in an aqueous medium, with hydrogen halide or sulfuric acid, and a hydrogen sulfide or a metal sulfide, e.g. an ore. A leach liquor containing the desirable metal halides is then separated from the solid, insoluble residue. Any iron value in either the manganese oxide ore or in any metal sulfide ore present is not dissolved or is converted to an insoluble iron oxide. Elemental sulfur is also obtained.The metal values in the leach liquor are recovered by crystallization of the manganese halide and liquid ion exchange extraction of the other metal values present.

Abstract: This invention provides a halidation process for obtaining a high purity manganese oxide from a manganiferous ore, while reclaiming a substantial portion of the hydrogen halide reagent. The process comprises halidating the ore with a hydrogen halide and leaching to form the corresponding halogen and an aqueous solution comprising dissolved manganese halide and ferric halide. The hydrogen halide can be in the gaseous state and/or dissolved in the aqueous leach solution.The manganese halide and the ferric halide are preferably individually separated from the leach solution by crystallization and by selective extraction, respectively. The crystallized manganese halide is reacted with water at a temperature of from about 400.degree. C to about 700.degree. C to yield the corresponding hydrogen halide, which is recycled, and manganese oxide.In one embodiment, a concentrated leach solution is formed at a temperature of at least about 90.degree.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for obtaining the nonferrous metal values from a manganese oxide ore, by reacting the ore with an aluminum halide or a ferric halide at a temperature of at least about 50.degree. C and preferably, at least about 130.degree. C. The manganese oxide ore can be treated with or without reduction. If reduction of the manganese oxide ore is desired, it can be accomplished prior to, or simultaneously with, the reaction with the aluminum halide or ferric halide.The resulting nonferrous metal halides can be separated from the reacted ore residue by conventional methods such as leaching or evaporation.