Abstract: A system for resource recycling of sulfur dioxide includes a charcoal reduction furnace, a high temperature dust remover, a cooling separator A, a liquid sulfur tank, a cooling separator, a tail gas absorption tower, a gas stripping tower, a hypo reactor, a centrifuge, a mother liquor tank and a thickener. And a method for resource recycling of sulfur dioxide includes the following steps: (1) preparing elemental sulfur, (2) removing dust from a process gas containing gaseous sulfur, (3) separating elemental sulfur, (4) reabsorbing residual SO2 gas, (5) purifying sulfur powder, (6) preparing a slurry of cured hypo, (7) performing liquid-solid separation, and (8) preparing an absorption slurry. According to the method, SO2 gas is reduced into liquid sulfur and sulfur powder, and sodium thiosulfate is coproduced.

Abstract: The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a denitration catalyst with wide operating temperature for flue gas, which utilizes an organic vanadium compound as a vanadium precursor, and titanium dioxide powder or titanium tungsten powder as a carrier, and is prepared by mechanical ball milling method and heat treatment to obtain a catalyst, which denitration of fixed source flue gas under wide temperature range. Compared with the existing arts, the present invention includes minor modifications to the traditional vanadium tungsten titanium catalyst system and adopts the mechanical ball milling method, the activity and resistance to sulfur and water poisoning are improved significantly, thus providing a preparation technology of SCR denitration powder catalyst which is green, highly efficient, low cost and simple in operation.

Abstract: A method for removing or preventing a microbial growth, biofilm, biomass and/or mineral deposit on a hard surface inside an SO2 scrubber is disclosed. In particular, biocide compositions may be dosed in pulse or continuously for the reduction and prevention of biofilms on the hard surfaces inside an SO2 scrubber. A biocide composition disclosed here uses one or more non-oxidizing biocides, especially a mixture of one or more quaternary ammonium compounds and one or more other biocides.

Abstract: A method for producing hydrogen of the present invention includes thermally reducing a reaction medium in which CeO2 is doped with a metal other than Ce and bringing the thermally reduced reaction medium into contact with water to oxidize the reaction medium and to generate the hydrogen. When a reaction temperature in the thermally reducing the reaction medium is defined as T1 [° C.] and a reaction temperature in the bringing the thermally reduced reaction medium into contact with the water is defined as T2 [° C.], a relation of T1?T2?150 is satisfied. It is preferred that a series of processes including the thermally reducing the reaction medium and the bringing the thermally reduced reaction medium into contact with the water is repeated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for catalytic oxidation of a lean H2S stream. More specifically, the invention concerns a novel way of removing sulfur dioxide (SO2) formed by catalytic oxidation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) with the purpose of removing H2S from a gas. This catalytic oxidation of H2S yields sulfur dioxide (SO2) through the use of known catalysts, so-called SMC catalysts.

Abstract: A sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst, in particular, a sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst capable of lowering the temperature required when producing hydrogen by an S—I cycle process is disclosed. A sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst that includes a composite oxide of tungsten, vanadium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of transition metal and rare earth elements is provided. Also, a sulfur dioxide production process that includes decomposing sulfur trioxide into sulfur dioxide and oxygen by using the sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst above is provided. Furthermore, a hydrogen production process, wherein the reaction of decomposing sulfur trioxide into sulfur dioxide and oxygen by an S—I cycle process is performed by the above-described sulfur dioxide production process is provided.

Abstract: A method for removing sulphur from a fluid by the steps of providing a first fluid comprising a sulphur-containing compound; adsorbing the sulphur of sulphur-containing compound onto an adsorbent; regenerating the adsorbent by oxidation of the adsorbed sulphur to sulphur dioxide thereby yielding an off-gas stream comprising sulphur dioxide; providing a second fluid comprising hydrogen sulphide, using the second fluid and the off-gas stream as reactants in a Claus process for producing elemental sulphur, wherein a part of hydrogen sulphide provided by the second fluid is oxidized to sulphur dioxide and water at reaction temperature, the residual hydrogen sulphide, the resulting sulphur oxide and the sulphur oxide provided by the off-gas stream are converted to elemental sulphur, the oxygen required for the oxidation of the hydrogen sulphide provided by the second fluid is provided by an air stream, and the off-gas stream dilutes the second fluid in the Claus process.

Abstract: Disclosed is an sorbent for removing sulfur dioxide (SO2) contained in combustion flue gases or in the atmosphere by using a diamine-based ionic liquid or a diamine compound supported by a polymer resin. To be specific, the present invention relates to a method of using a tertiary diamine compound immobilized on a polymer surface as a SO2 sorbent and also relates to a novel sorbent for absorbing or adsorbing a sulfur dioxide hydrate (SO2.H2O) formed by a bond between SO2 and water.

Abstract: A process is provided for stabilizing a sulfate and/or sulfide-rich waste material, comprising metal sulfide minerals, and sequestering CO2 comprises exposing the material to a CO2-enriched gas mixture, reacting the CO2-enriched gas mixture with the metal sulfide minerals and forming a CO2-depleted gas mixture and a carbon-containing compound and at least one product selected from the group consisting of a purified metal or a metal-rich compound suitable for smelting or refining, sulfuric acid, sulfur and sulfurous acid, and system and apparatus therefor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for eliminating COS and/or CS2 from a hydrocarbon-containing feed stream, and further eliminating H2S from such feed stream or converting all sulfur species in such feed stream to H2S and SO2 to allow for easy subsequent conversion of such H2S and SO2 to elemental sulfur in a Claus reaction. The method comprises: (i) injecting water so that the feed stream contains greater than 10 vol % (water equivalent); (ii) passing the feed stream through catalyst means which hydrogenates COS and/or CS2 to H2S; (iii) injecting O2 so that the stoichiometric ratio of O2 to H2S is at least 0.5:1.0; (iv) passing the stream though a reaction zone having oxidation catalyst means which oxidizes H2S to elemental sulfur or SO2 (depending on the amount of oxygen and water added); where the temperature of the reaction zone is above the elemental sulfur dew point.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for removing mercury in exhaust gas, in which mercury in exhaust gas discharged from combustion equipment is removed, characterized by including a mercury oxidation process in which mercury in the exhaust gas is converted to mercury chloride in the presence of a catalyst; a contact process in which the exhaust gas is brought into contact with an absorbing solution in a scrubber to absorb and remove mercury components from the exhaust gas; and a control process in which blowing of air or addition of an oxidizing agent into the scrubber is accomplished, and the amount of blown air or the added amount of oxidizing agent is regulated to control the oxidation-reduction potential of the absorbing agent, and a system for removing mercury in exhaust gas. According to the mercury removing method in accordance with the present invention, a phenomenon that mercury chloride is reduced into metallic mercury by SO2 etc.

Abstract: A sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst, in particular, a sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst capable of lowering the temperature required when producing hydrogen by an S—I cycle process is disclosed. A sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst that includes a composite oxide of tungsten, vanadium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of transition metal and rare earth elements is provided. Also, a sulfur dioxide production process that includes decomposing sulfur trioxide into sulfur dioxide and oxygen by using the sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst above is provided. Furthermore, a hydrogen production process, wherein the reaction of decomposing sulfur trioxide into sulfur dioxide and oxygen by an S—I cycle process is performed by the above-described sulfur dioxide production process is provided.

Abstract: A method of converting an inactive biocide into an active biocide comprises: contacting the inactive biocide with an activating agent, wherein the activating agent is capable of chemically reacting with the inactive biocide; and causing or allowing a chemical reaction to take place between the inactive biocide and the activating agent, wherein the chemical reaction produces the active biocide. The methods can also include deactivating the active biocide via a chemical reaction between the active biocide and a deactivating agent.

Abstract: SO3 is formed from a replenished circulating inventory of fresh and recycled SO2. Also, a feed stream of replenished SO2 is heated by indirect heat exchange with a hot stream of SO2 and SO3 whereby the hot stream is cooled for separating the two gases. The heated feed stream of replenished SO2 serves as a hot gaseous feed to a sulfur burner. This SO2 feed is divided into two feed streams, one being oxygenated with pure oxygen and the other remains as an SO2 feed. These feeds plus a feed of molten sulfur are concurrently and separately introduced into the sulfur burner where additional SO2 is formed via continuous exothermic reaction. Although heated, the oxygenated feed(s) of SO2 bring in the needed oxygen for the reaction and the feeds of the oxygenated and non-oxygenated SO2 serve as a heat sink in the sulfur burner to reduce the temperature therein.

Abstract: A process for the combustion of a liquid in a combustion chamber includes atomizing liquid sulfur using a rotary atomizer and introducing the liquid sulfur into the combustion chamber. The liquid sulfur is charged onto an inside of a cup. The cup is rotated so as to form a liquid film on the inside of the cup and so that parts of the liquid film are radially flung off from an edge of the cup edge into the combustion chamber. The rotational speed of the cup is varied so as to control a thickness of the liquid film in the cup to between 200 and 1000 ?m. The liquid sulfur is evaporated and subsequently burnt in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method of producing sulfur dioxide is provided. A feed gas stream comprising at least 5% by volume hydrogen sulfide is provided. The feed gas stream is separated into a hydrogen sulfide stream and a hydrocarbon gas stream. An oxidant stream is provided and is combusted with the hydrogen sulfide stream to produce thermal power and a combustion stream containing sulfur dioxide and steam. Sulfur dioxide is separated from the combustion stream.

Abstract: To provide a sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst, particularly, a sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst capable of lowering the temperature required when producing hydrogen by an S—I cycle process. A sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst comprising a composite oxide of vanadium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of transition metal and rare earth elements is provided. Also, a sulfur dioxide production process comprising decomposing sulfur trioxide into sulfur dioxide and oxygen by using the sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst above, is provided. Furthermore, a hydrogen production process, wherein the reaction of decomposing sulfur trioxide into sulfur dioxide and oxygen by an S—I cycle process is performed by the above-described sulfur dioxide production process, is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for combined SO2 and CO2 removal from flue gas, which includes removing both CO2 and SO2 in a primary fractionation column and two polishing columns, the method comprising: a) hot flue as pretreatment, including flue gas SO3 removal by dry sorbent injection; b) compressing the treated hot flue gas by a multi-stage compressor; c) separation of CO2, SO2 and non-condensable gases; d) subjecting the CO2 and SO2 to separate polishing columns; and e) combining streams from the primary fractionation column and the two polishing columns for power recovery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for combined SO2 and CO2 removal from flue gas, which includes removing both CO2 and SO2 in a primary fractionation column and two polishing columns, the method comprising: a) hot flue as pretreatment, including flue gas SO3 removal by dry sorbent injection; b) compressing the treated hot flue gas by a multi-stage compressor; c) separation of CO2, SO2 and non-condensable gases; d) subjecting the CO2 and SO2 to separate polishing columns; and e) combining streams from the primary fractionation column and the two polishing columns for power recovery.

Abstract: With a method configured to generate process gas that contains hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide for the Claus process, hydrogen-sulfide containing feed gas is burned with pure oxygen by means of several burners opening out into a combustion chamber wherein the pure oxygen is fed into the combustion chamber through a central tube each, the feed gas through a tube arranged coaxially around the central tube and inert gas as purge gas via an annular duct coaxially surrounding the feed gas tube. A favorable option of the method consists in the use of CO2 reclaimed by desorption of laden methanol as purge gas.

Abstract: A process for making molecular hydrogen, elemental sulfur and sulfur dioxide from hydrogen sulfide. The process involves contacting a gas stream of hydrogen sulfide within a contacting zone with a contacting composition comprising metal sulfide in a lower sulfided state and yielding from the contacting zone a product gas stream comprising hydrogen and a recovered contacting composition comprising metal sulfide in a higher sulfided state. The higher metal sulfide is regenerated with oxygen to yield elemental sulfur and sulfur dioxide.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for selective removal of contaminants from effluent gases. A sulfur dioxide absorption/desorption process for selective removal and recovery of sulfur dioxide from effluent gases utilizes a buffered aqueous absorption solution comprising weak inorganic or organic acids or salts thereof, to selectively absorb sulfur dioxide from the effluent gas. Absorbed sulfur dioxide is subsequently stripped to regenerate the absorption solution and produce a sulfur dioxide-enriched gas. A process for simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from effluent gases and recovery of sulfur dioxide utilizes a buffered aqueous absorption solution including a metal chelate to absorb sulfur dioxide and NOx from the gas and subsequently reducing absorbed NOx to form nitrogen. A process to control sulfate salt contaminant concentration in the absorption solution involves partial crystallization and removal of sulfate salt crystals.

Abstract: Utilization of process and equipment for oxidation of metal sulfides, preferably two step metal sulfide oxidation reactions, and more preferably with looping back of second step oxide to the first step as an oxidizing agent, to generate sulfur dioxide and a useful metal or metal oxide, and react the sulfur dioxide with halogen (iodine or bromine) and water to produce sulfuric and halogen acid under moderate process conditions and equipment requirements and then dissociating the halogen acids (HI or HBr) to halogen and hydrogen as an overall environmentally and cost efficient and otherwise acceptable safe process for producing hydrogen and other useful products.

Abstract: Methods and systems for generating sulfuric acid are disclosed. In some embodiments, the method includes combusting a sulfur-containing material with a gas including oxygen to produce a first stream of sulfur dioxide, mixing water with the first stream of sulfur dioxide to produce a mixed stream, using an energy, electrolytically converting the mixed stream of sulfur dioxide and water into sulfuric acid and hydrogen, generating a source of energy from the hydrogen, and providing the source of energy as at least a portion of the energy for electrolytically converting the first stream of sulfur dioxide and water into sulfuric acid and hydrogen. In some embodiments, the system includes a first chamber for combusting a sulfur-containing material to produce a first stream of sulfur dioxide, an electrolytic cell for converting the first stream into sulfuric acid and hydrogen, and a fuel cell for generating an energy source from the hydrogen.

Abstract: A process for a combustion of sulfur with an oxygen-containing gas to produce sulfur dioxide. The process includes introducing the sulfur and the oxygen-containing gas to a furnace. The sulfur is evaporated and subsequently a portion of the sulfur is oxidized to sulfur dioxide under sub-stoichiometric conditions in a first portion of the furnace. The sulfur dioxide formed in the first furnace portion is introduced together with any unoxidized sulfur to a second portion of the furnace which is disposed adjacent to the first furnace portion. The sulfur dioxide and unoxidized sulfur are subjected to post-combustion with the oxygen-containing gas in an inlet of a downstream waste heat boiler.

Abstract: This invention relates to sulfur functionalized ionic liquid compounds that are useful in methods of carbon dioxide or sulfur dioxide removal to which they may be applied.

Abstract: A flue gas desulfurization process in which a SO2-containing flue gas stream is contacted with a recirculating stream of an aqueous medium containing concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, to yield a desulfurized flue gas stream and to produce additional sulfuric acid in the aqueous medium. A portion of the recirculating aqueous sulfuric acid stream is diverted for recovery of the additional sulfuric acid as gypsum in a neutralization step, and the process parameters are adjusted so that the heat of reaction generated during the neutralization step is sufficient to evaporate the free water that is present and yield a gypsum product that is substantially dry.

Abstract: Ceramic materials that are highly resistant to strong acids such as concentrated sulfuric acid and halides such as hydrogen iodide are employed to make block elements through which a large number of circular ingress channels extend in perpendicular directions and which are joined and piled in the heat exchanging medium section to provide a compact heat exchanger that excels not only in corrosion resistance but also in high-temperature strength.

Abstract: A multi-pressure hybrid sulfur process (2) contains at least one electrolyzer unit (16) which provides liquid H2SO4 to a preheater/vaporizer reactor (20) operating at a pressure of from 1 MPa to 9 MPa to form gaseous H2SO4 which is passed to a decomposition reactor (14) operating at a pressure of from 7 MPa to 9 MPa, where decomposed H2SO4 is passed to at least one scrubber unit (14) and at least one electrolyzer unit (16) both preferably operating at a pressure of 0.1 MPa to 7 MPa, where an associated Rankine Cycle power conversion unit (50) supplies electricity.

Abstract: A process for treating a gas stream comprising H2S that includes the step of selectively oxidizing the H2S of the gas stream within a catalytic zone containing an oxidation catalyst and in the presence of an inert liquid medium and molecular oxygen to form elemental sulfur and a gas stream depleted of H2S. A liquid stream yielded from the catalytic zone and containing the inert liquid medium and liquid elemental sulfur undergoes a separation into a first liquid phase rich in the inert liquid medium and a second liquid phase rich in elemental sulfur. Either at least a part of the liquid stream or at least a part of the second liquid phase, or both, undergoes a combustion to form a fluid stream that comprises sulfur dioxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for producing CO2, N2 and/or SO2 from a sample for a quantitative analysis of the sample, comprising a reactor structure and metals acting in an oxidizing manner or metal oxides in the reactor. According to the invention, the reactor structure has at least two zones through which the sample can flow, which is to say a first zone with reactor metal and reservoir metal, or only reactor metal, and following the first zone, a second zone with reactor metal and reservoir metal, or only reservoir metal, wherein both metals can form oxides, and wherein the ratio of the reactor metal to the reservoir metal in the first zone is greater than in the second zone.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to processes for efficient incineration and conversion of the tail gas streams from sulfur recovery units containing sulfur compounds such as H2S, CO2, COS, CS2, and other sulfur species and sulfur vapors from S1 to S8 to SO2. The present disclosure describes the use of a combination of catalysts to achieve efficient oxidation of all reduced sulfur compounds as well as oxidation of CO and H2 to meet the industry emission requirements. The catalytic tail gas incineration process described herein can advantageously operate at lower temperatures, which in turn can represent a savings in reduced fuel gas costs.

Abstract: Methods and systems for generating sulfuric acid (102) are disclosed. In some embodiments, the method includes combusting a sulfur-containing material (114) with a gas including oxygen (116) to produce a first stream of sulfur dioxide (118), mixing water with the first stream of sulfur dioxide to produce a mixed stream, using an energy, electrolytically converting (108) the mixed stream of sulfur dioxide and water into sulfuric acid (102) and hydrogen (122), generating a source of energy (126) from the hydrogen, and providing the source of energy as at least a portion of the energy for electrolytically converting the first stream of sulfur dioxide and water into sulfuric acid and hydrogen. In some embodiments, the system includes a first chamber for combusting a sulfur-containing material to produce a first stream of sulfur dioxide, an electrolytic cell (108) for converting the first stream into sulfuric acid and hydrogen, and a fuel cell (112) for generating an energy source from the hydrogen.

Abstract: A hydrogen iodide manufacturing method which includes a step of producing aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide and sulfuric acid by causing iodine-containing aqueous solution and sulfur dioxide to react with each other in a pressurized condition. The pressurized condition may be of not lower than 0.1 MPa in gauge pressure. The method may further include: a separation step of adding iodine to the aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide and separating an upper phase containing sulfuric acid relatively to a large extent and a lower phase containing hydrogen iodide relatively to a large extent; and a step of producing hydrogen iodide by adding sulfur dioxide to the upper phase in a pressurized condition and extracting the produced hydrogen iodide to the lower phase.

Abstract: A process for substantially removing carbonaceous material from a composition comprising providing the composition having carbonaceous material, reacting the carbonaceous material with a sulfur compound, and forming products having carbon and sulfur, and the resulting composition and system used therefore.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for separation and recycling of pure sulfur dioxide from a gaseous mixture in the IS cycle. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for separation and recycling of pure sulfur dioxide from a gaseous mixture in the IS cycle using an ionic liquid under a specific condition. When compared with the conventional amine-based absorbent, the use of the ionic liquid enables continuous absorption and stripping of SO2 even at high temperature, and enables a reversible absorption of SO2 without loss, decomposition or degradation of a solvent due to good chemical stability, thereby enabling separation and recycling of pure SO2 from a gaseous mixture in the IS cycle.

Abstract: A process for treating a gas stream comprising H2S that includes the step of selectively oxidizing the H2S of the gas stream within a catalytic zone containing an oxidation catalyst and in the presence of an inert liquid medium and molecular oxygen to form elemental sulfur and a gas stream depleted of H2S. A liquid stream yielded from the catalytic zone and containing the inert liquid medium and liquid elemental sulfur undergoes a separation into a first liquid phase rich in the inert liquid medium and a second liquid phase rich in elemental sulfur. Either at least a part of the liquid stream or at least a part of the second liquid phase, or both, undergoes a combustion to form a fluid stream that comprises sulfur dioxide.

Abstract: Apparatus and processes for the production of a sulfur dioxide-containing combustion gas are provided in which a sulfur-containing liquid is pneumatically atomized with a sulfur gun or lance that utilizes an atomizing gas to form an atomized combustion mixture for combustion in a sulfur furnace. The sulfur dioxide-containing combustion gas may be used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid by the contact process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus, constructed of ceramics and other corrosion resistant materials, for decomposing sulfuric acid into sulfur dioxide, oxygen and water using an integrated boiler, superheater, and decomposer unit comprising a bayonet-type, dual-tube, counter-flow heat exchanger with a catalytic insert and a central baffle to increase recuperation efficiency.

Abstract: Apparatus and processes for the production of a sulfur dioxide-containing combustion gas are provided in which a sulfur-containing liquid is pneumatically atomized with a sulfur gun or lance that utilizes an atomizing gas to form an atomized combustion mixture for combustion in a sulfur furnace. The sulfur dioxide-containing combustion gas may be used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid by the contact process.

Abstract: A combined desulphurization and pre-reforming processing unit converts logistic fuels such as JP-5, JP-8, gasoline, and diesel with high sulfur content levels, into a mixture of hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water without any sulfur or higher hydrocarbons. The fuel is processed at lower temperatures with sulfur-resistant materials in order to break down all the heavy hydrocarbons into methane and carbon oxides while capturing the sulfur simultaneously. The resulting feed is passed to a methane reforming system to generate additional hydrogen with no effects of coking or sulfur poisoning on the reforming system. The unit itself operates in a cyclic manner in order to regenerate the bed.

Abstract: Photo-oxidation catalysts and methods for cleaning a metal-based catalyst are disclosed. An exemplary catalyst system implementing a photo-oxidation catalyst may comprise a metal-based catalyst, and a photo-oxidation catalyst for cleaning the metal-based catalyst in the presence of light. The exposure to light enables the photo-oxidation catalyst to substantially oxidize absorbed contaminants and reduce accumulation of the contaminants on the metal-based catalyst. Applications are also disclosed.

Abstract: Sulphur oxides are generated from a liquid stream of hydrogen sulphide by feeding the liquid stream to a vacuum stripper where the stream is contacted with a stripping gas including steam under reduce pressure. Hydrogen sulphide is transferred to the stripping gas, whereby a loaded stripping gas is obtained. Water in the loaded stripping gas is condensed producing a H2S rich stream. The H2S is then burned in the stream to produce a stream rich in oxides of sulphur.

Abstract: A controller directs the operation of an air pollution control (APC) system having one or more controllable operating parameters and a defined operating limit representing a regulatory limit on an allowed amount of pollutant to be emitted by the APC system. An interface receives data representing a value of a regulatory credit available for emitting less of the pollutant than the regulatory limit on the allowed amount of pollutant. A control processor (i) determines a target set point for each of at least one of the one or more controllable operating parameters, which will maximize the regulatory credits earned, based on the received data and (ii) to directs control of each of the at least one controllable operating parameter based on the determined target set point for that parameter.

Abstract: Recovering sulfur from a gas stream containing hydrogen sulfide by oxidizing the gas stream to convert the hydrogen sulfide in the gas stream to sulfur oxide, and thus form a sulfur oxide enriched gas stream. The sulfur oxide enriched gas stream is contacted with a solid, sulfation resistant adsorbent bed at relatively low temperatures to extract the sulfur oxides and retain them as sulfur compounds, thus forming a sulfur oxide depleted gas stream. The adsorbent bed is then contacted with an inert or reducing gas stream to reduce the retained sulfur compounds to sulfur and/or sulfur dioxide and thereby form an enriched sulfur and/or sulfur dioxide bearing stream. The elemental sulfur is recovered and/or the sulfur dioxide bearing stream may be recycled to the Claus unit for further conversion.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for a sulfur based hydrogen production cycle wherein the sulfur products are maintained in a gaseous state throughout the cycle. The cycle includes a decomposition of a gaseous phase sulfur trioxide to sulfur dioxide and water in a decomposition reactor and an oxidation of gaseous sulfur trioxide with H2O in an electrolyzer to form sulfur trioxide and hydrogen. Costs are reduced by elimination of energy costs previous necessary to convert the sulfuric products from liquid to gas and back again and by extending the lifespan of decomposition catalysts through the elimination of water in an SO2/SO3 stream.

Abstract: A system and method for producing salts using a crystallizer with an integrated column is disclosed. In the column, liquid, containing one reactant, absorbs a second reactant, from the gas stream. The second reactant reacts with the first reactant to produce salt. Liquid leaving the column and rich in salt, collects in the crystallizer. Conditions within the crystallizer promote nucleation and crystal growth. A recirculation system withdraws a portion of liquid from the crystallizer for introduction into the column.

Abstract: This invention presents a sulphurous acid generator which employs a combination of novel blending, contact and mixing mechanisms which injects sulphur gases into aqueous solution or which maximize the efficiency and duration of contact between sulphur dioxide gas and water or aqueous solution to form sulphurous acid in an open nonpressurized system, without employing a countercurrent absorption tower. The present invention also incorporates a novel high temperature concrete for use in constructing portions of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides, according to one aspect thereof, a computer controlled process for reducing SO2 from a flue gas. The process includes the basic steps of providing an aqueous treatment solution containing an inorganic salt and a control unit for controlling the introduction of the aqueous treatment solution containing an inorganic salt and controlling the control unit in response to a computer program to effect introduction of the aqueous treatment solution into contact with alkaline earth material. Thereafter, the process includes heating the alkaline earth material in the presence of the flue gas containing SO2 to remove the SO2. The alkaline earth material may be limestone or dolomite. The inorganic salt is selected from the group consisting of thermally decomposable sodium compounds including sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, and sodium acetate.

Abstract: A process for adjusting the ratio of sulfur dioxide to hydrogen disulfide from the regeneration of a catalytic system of a structured support for example a monolith coated with: (i) a metal oxide sorber component selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, Ce, Al, Si and mixtures thereof, for example Ti2O, (ii) a precious metal component, for example Pt metal and, optionally (iii) a modifier consisting of an oxide Ag, Cu, Bi, Sb, Sn, As, In, Pb, Au or mixtures thereof, such as Cu as copper oxide. The system first captures the gaseous sulfur compounds. Then the captured gaseous sulfur compounds are then desorbed as mainly H2S and SO, in higher concentrations in a separate isolated lower flow stream in a ratio determined by the amount of modifier in the catalyst. The higher concentrations may be processed to less noxious or useful sulfur materials and the catalyst/sorber is regenerated.