Abstract: A photocatalyst which has high catalytic activity, is nontoxic, has a long life, can utilize visible light as it is for photocatalytic reactions, and is useful especially for hydrogen generation; and a process for producing the same. The photocatalyst comprises cadmium sulfide, has a capsule structure, wherein platinum is supported thereto. It can be obtainable by bubbling H2S gas into a liquid to which particles of cadmium oxide have been added.

Abstract: An approach is provided for generating mercury (II) sulfide from elemental mercury. Elemental mercury is injected into a reaction vessel containing vaporized sulfur. The elemental mercury reacts with at least a portion of the vaporized sulfur to form the mercury (II) sulfide.

Abstract: Mercury is removed from contaminated waste by firstly applying a sulfur reagent to the waste. Mercury in the waste is then permitted to migrate to the reagent and is stabilized in a mercury sulfide compound. The stable compound may then be removed from the waste which itself remains in situ following mercury removal therefrom.

Abstract: Methods for forming colloidal metal chalcogenide nanoparticles generally include forming soluble inorganic metal chalcogen cluster precursors, which are then mixed with a surfactant and heated to form the colloidal metal chalcogenide nanoparticles. The soluble inorganic metal chalcogen cluster precursors are generally formed using a hydrazine-based solvent. The methods can be used with main group and transition metals.

Abstract: A cadmium sulfide nanocrystal, wherein the cadmium sulfide nanocrystal shows maximum luminescence peaks at two or more wavelengths and most of the atoms constituting the nanocrystal are present at the surface of the nanocrystal to form defects.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a method of making non-spherical nanoparticles that includes (a) combining a source of a Group 12, 13, 14, or 15 metal or metalloid; a source of a Group 15 or 16 element; and a source of a quaternary ammonium compound or phosphonium compound; and (b) isolating non-spherical nanoparticles from the resulting reaction mixture. Other embodiments of the invention provide non-spherical nanoparticle compositions, that are the reaction product of a source of a Group 12, 13, 14, or 15 metal or metalloid; a source of a Group 15 or 16 element; and a source of a quaternary ammonium compound or phosphonium compound; wherein nanoparticle tetrapods comprise 75-100 number percent of the nanoparticle products.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process of making nano-sized or micro-sized precipitate particles. The process comprising the steps of mixing, in a reaction zone, a metal salt solution with a precipitant solution to form a precipitate, said precipitate being at least one of a metal chalcogenide, metal hydroxide and metal oxide; and applying a shear force to said mixing solutions in said reaction zone during said mixing step, wherein said shear force and the conditions within said reaction zone form said nano-sized or micro-sized precipitate particles.

Abstract: A metal sulfide nanocrystal manufactured by a method of reacting a metal precursor and an alkyl thiol in a solvent, wherein the alkyl thiol reacts with the metal precursor to form the metal sulfide nanocrystals, wherein the alkyl thiol is present on the surface of the metal sulfide nanocrystal, wherein the alkyl thiol is bonded to the sulfur crystal lattice. A metal sulfide nanocrystal manufactured with a core-shell structure by a method of reacting a metal precursor and an alkyl thiol in a solvent to form a metal sulfide layer on the surface of a core, wherein the alkyl thiol is present on the surface of the metal sulfide nanocrystal, wherein the alkyl thiol is bonded to the sulfur crystal lattice. These metal sulfide nanocrystals can have a uniform particle size at the nanometer-scale level, selective and desired crystal structures, and various shapes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for synthesizing a nanoparticle using a carbene derivative. More specifically, provided is a method for synthesizing a nanoparticle by adding one or more precursors to an organic solvent to grow a crystal, wherein a specific carbene derivative is used as the precursor.

Abstract: The invention provides CBD ZnS/Zn(O,OH)S and spray deposited ZnS/Zn(O,OH)S buffer layers prepared from a solution of zinc salt, thiourea and ammonium hydroxide dissolved in a non-aqueous/aqueous solvent mixture or in 100% non-aqueous solvent. Non-aqueous solvents useful in the invention include methanol, isopropanol and triethyl-amine. One-step deposition procedures are described for CIS, CIGS and other solar cell devices.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing nanostructures is disclosed. The process involves forming a liquid crystalline template by combining a block copolymer, a first reactant in a polar phase, and a nonpolar phase, then contacting the template with a gas phase composed of a second reactant, under conditions effective to form nanostructures.

Abstract: Provided are a photocatalyst which is high in catalytic activity, is nontoxic, has a long life, allows visible light to be used directly for its photocatalytic reaction and is especially useful for hydrogen generation, and a process for producing it. It contains a cadmium compound, has a capsular structure, has an average particle diameter of 100 nm or less and can be manufactured by dropping a solution of a cadmium salt into a solution of a sodium compound or admixing a solution of a sodium compound in a suspension of particles of a cadmium compound.

Abstract: An economic, direct synthetic method for producing water soluble QDs that are ready for bioconjugation is provided. The method can produce aqueous QDs with emission wavelengths varying from 400 nm to 700 nm. Highly luminescent metal sulfide (MS) QDs are produced via an aqueous synthesis route. MS QDs are capped with thiol-containing charged molecules in a single step. The resultant MS QDs exhibit the distinctive excitonic photoluminescence desired of QDs and can be fabricated to avoid undesirable broadband emissions at higher wavelengths. This provides a significant improvement over the present complex and expensive commercial processes for the production of QDs. The aqueous QDs are stable in biological fluids over a long period of time. In addition, nontoxic ZnS QDs have been produced with good photoluminescence properties by refluxing the ZnS QD suspensions over a period of time.

Abstract: A semiconductor nanocrystal, wherein the semiconductor nanocrystal shows maximum luminescence peaks at two or more wavelengths and most of the atoms constituting the nanocrystal are present at the surface of the nanocrystal to form defects

Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing compounds of formula M3M1A2. The process comprises reacting a compound of formula M2M1A2 with a compound of formula M3X2, in the presence of at least one coordinating solvent. M1 can be chosen from B3+, Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, Tl3+, Fe3+, and Au3+; M2 can be chosen from Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, (T1)3Si—, and N(T2)4+; M3 can be chosen from Cu+, Ag+, Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, Rb+, Fr+, Au+, and Hg+; A can be chosen from S and Se; and X2 can be chosen from Cl?, Br?, I?, F?, CH3COO?, NO3?, and CN?. Such compounds can be used for various purposes in the field of electrochemistry.

Abstract: Mercury is removed from contaminated waste by firstly applying a sulfur reagent to the waste. Mercury in the waste is then permitted to migrate to the reagent and is stabilized in a mercury sulfide compound. The stable compound may then be removed from the waste which itself remains in situ following mercury removal therefrom.

Abstract: Hybrid semiconductor materials have an inorganic semiconductor incorporated into a hole-conductive fluorene copolymer film. Nanometer-sized particles of the inorganic semiconductor may be prepared by mixing inorganic semiconductor precursors with a steric-hindering coordinating solvent and heating the mixture with microwaves to a temperature below the boiling point of the solvent.

Abstract: A method for preparing nanowires is disclosed, which comprises the following steps: (a) providing a first precursor solution containing IIB group elements, and a second precursor solution containing VIA group elements; (b) mixing and heating the first precursor solution and the second precursor solution to form a mixed solution; and (c) cooling the mixed solution and filtering the mixed solution to obtain nanowires. The first precursor solution includes compounds of IIB group elements and a surfactant. The second precursor solution includes compounds of VIA group elements. Besides, the surfactant is an organic acid having an aromatic group or a salt thereof.

Abstract: Methods for forming colloidal metal chalcogenide nanoparticles generally include forming soluble inorganic metal chalcogen cluster precursors, which are then mixed with a surfactant and heated to form the colloidal metal chalcogenide nanoparticles. The soluble inorganic metal chalcogen cluster precursors are generally formed using a hydrazine-based solvent. The methods can be used with main group and transition metals.

Abstract: Process for the stabilization of mercury metal by reaction of the mercury metal with sulphur in the solid state, in which the mercury and the sulphur are brought into contact, at an Hg/S molar ratio of 1/1 to 1/3, in a reactor integral with a hollow pipe in fluid communication with the interior space of the said reactor, the said hollow pipe comprising a first end connected to the wall of the said reactor and a second end distant from the said reactor; the said hollow pipe and the said reactor being hermetically sealed, the said hollow pipe being provided with rotating means external to the said pipe and to the said reactor for rotating the said reactor and the said pipe around the axis of the said pipe, and the said hollow pipe being provided, at its end distant from the reactor, with means for introducing the sulphur and the mercury inside the reactor and discharging the reaction products.

Abstract: A method of treating zinc sulfide transmissive bodies includes using the same metal layer to treat multiple transmissive bodies, catalyzing the recrystallization of the bodies to remove defects from the bodies and forming multispectral zinc sulfide. The metal layer is brought into contact with one of the transmissive bodies. The transmissive body and the metal layer are then subjected to elevated temperature and pressure. The metal layer may include any of a variety of suitable metals, such as platinum, cobalt, silver, nickel, and/or copper. The metal layer may be a foil that is wrapped around the transmissive body. Alternatively the metal layer may be a rigid metal piece, for example being machined to fit the shape of the transmissive bodies. The reuse of the metal layer to treat multiple transmissive bodies reduces the cost of treating the transmissive bodies.

Abstract: A method is provided for compounding, homogenizing and consolidating compounds. In one embodiment, the charge components are mixed in a controlled addition process, then the newly-formed compound is heated to become totally molten, followed by a rapid quench at room temperature. In an alternate embodiment, the components are supplied with an excess of one component acting as a solvent, heated to dissolve additional components, and then the solvent is separated from the compound to produce homogeneous consolidated compounds. The methods herein are advantageously applied to provide an economical and fast process for producing CdTe, CdZnTe and ZnTe compounds.

Abstract: A ZnX, X is S, Se, Te or a combination thereof, quantum dot preparation method. This method comprises the following steps: dissolving S powder, Se powder, Te powder or a combination thereof into an organic alkali to form a first complex solution; dissolving ZnO into an organic acid and a co-solvent to form a second complex solution; and mixing the first complex solution and the second complex solution to obtain the ZnX quantum dot.

Abstract: An economic, direct synthetic method for producing water soluble ZnS QDs that are ready for bioconjugation is provided. The method can produce aqueous ZnS QDs with emission wavelengths varying from 400 nm to 700 nm. Highly luminescent metal sulfide (MS) QDs are produced via an aqueous synthesis route. MS QDs are capped with thiol-containing charged molecules in a single step. The resultant MS QDs exhibit the distinctive excitonic photoluminescence desired of QDs and can be fabricated to avoid undesirable broadband emissions at higher wavelengths. The aqueous ZnS QDs are stable in biological fluids over a long period of time. In addition, non-toxic ZnS QDs have been produced with good photoluminescence properties.

Abstract: A metal chalcogenide composite nano-particle comprising a metal capable of forming p-type semiconducting chalcogenide nano-particles and a metal capable of forming n-type semiconducting chalcogenide nano-particles, wherein at least one of the metal chalcogenides has a band-gap between 1.0 and 2.9 eV and the concentration of the metal capable of forming p-type semiconducting chalcogenide nano-particles is at least 5 atomic percent of the metal and is less than 50 atomic percent of the metal; a dispersion thereof; a layer comprising the nano-particles; and a photovoltaic device comprising the layer.

Abstract: A method for preparing cadmium sulfide nanocrystals emitting light at multiple wavelengths. The method comprises the steps of (a) mixing a cadmium precursor and a dispersant in a solvent that weakly coordinates to the cadmium precursor, and heating the mixture to obtain a cadmium precursor solution, (b) dissolving a sulfur precursor in a solvent that weakly coordinates to the sulfur precursor to obtain a sulfur precursor solution, and (c) feeding the sulfur precursor solution to the heated cadmium precursor solution maintained at a high temperature to prepare cadmium sulfide crystals, and growing the cadmium sulfide crystals. Further, cadmium sulfide nanocrystals prepared by the method. The cadmium sulfide nanocrystals have uniform size and shape and can emit light close to white light simultaneously at different wavelengths upon excitation. Due to these characteristics, the cadmium sulfide nanocrystals can be applied to white light-emitting diode devices.

Abstract: A cadmium sulfide nanocrystal, wherein the cadmium sulfide nanocrystal shows maximum luminescence peaks at two or more wavelengths and most of the atoms constituting the nanocrystal are present at the surface of the nanocrystal to form defects.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing metal sulfide nanocrystals using a thiol compound as a sulfur precursor. The method comprises reacting the thiol compound and a metal precursor in a solvent to grow metal sulfide crystals to the nanometer-scale level. Further disclosed is a method for manufacturing metal sulfide nanocrystals with a core-shell structure by reacting a metal precursor and a thiol compound in a solvent to grow a metal sulfide layer on the surface of a core. The metal sulfide nanocrystals prepared by these methods can have a uniform particle size at the nanometer-scale level, selective and desired crystal structures, and various shapes.

Abstract: Methods of processing nanocrystals to remove excess free and bound organic material and particularly surfactants used during the synthesis process, and resulting nanocrystal compositions, devices and systems that are physically, electrically and chemically integratable into an end application.

Abstract: A method is provided for compounding, homogenizing and consolidating compounds. In one embodiment, the charge components are mixed in a controlled addition process, then the newly-formed compound is heated to become totally molten, followed by a rapid quench at room temperature. In an alternate embodiment, the components are supplied with an excess of one component acting as a solvent, heated to dissolve additional components, and then the solvent is separated from the compound to produce homogeneous consolidated compounds. The methods herein are advantageously applied to provide an economical and fast process for producing CdTe, CdZnTe and ZnTe compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed are metal phosphate sols made by mixing at least one metal oxide, at least one phosphate precursor, at least one organosilane, and a liquid. Also disclosed are nanocomposites containing the metal phosphate sols and at least one of metal nanoparticle and metal-chalcogenide nanoparticle. The nanocomposites containing metal nanoparticles may be chalcogenized to provide nanocomposites containing metal-chalcogenide nanoparticles. Also disclosed are composites containing a dielectric material such as a polymer and at least one of the metal phosphate sol and the nanocomposite.

Abstract: A method of preparing metal chalcogenides from elemental metal or metal compounds has the following steps: providing at least one elemental metal or metal compound; providing at least one element from periodic table groups 13-15; providing at least one chalcogen; and combining and heating the chalcogen, the group 13-15 element and the metal at sufficient time and temperature to form a metal chalcogenide. A method of functionalizing the surface of semiconducting nanoparticles has the following steps: providing at least one metad compound; providing one chalcogenide having a cation selected from the group 13-15 (B, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, P, As, Sb and Bi); dissolving the chalcogenide in a first solution; dissolving the metal compound in a second solution; providing and dissolving a functional capping agent in at least one of the solutions of the metal compounds and chalcogenide; combining all solutions; and maintaining the combined solution at a proper temperature for an appropriate time.

Abstract: A cathode active material is provided, having d-MOS2(FeS2, ZnS) A cathode material is provided, including the cathode active material. A method for preparing the cathode active material is provided. A secondary aqueous lithium-ion battery (LIB) is provided, including the cathode material. Accordingly, it is possible to fabricate a secondary aqueous LIB which has an excellent charge/discharge performance and improves the charge/discharge cycles.

Abstract: A process for the removal of pollutants from a combustion process and, more particularly, a process for removing pollutants such as carbon dioxide, mercury, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen compounds and oxygen compounds from a combustion process. The process includes the removal of pollutants from a combustion process that produces an emission comprising: cooling the emission to a temperature of about 200° C.; removing nitrogen, water and oxygen from the emission to produce a gas containing a concentration of pollutants; contacting the gas with an aqueous magnesium chloride solution, wherein a slurry mixture is formed; and cooling the gas and the slurry mixture, wherein hydrochloric acid vapour and a sludge are formed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a nanoparticle containing at least one metal sulfide nanocrystal having a surface modified with a carboxylic acid, wherein the carboxylic acid has at least one aryl group. The present disclosure also describes a method of preparing the nanoparticle, the method consisting of: (a) providing a first solution having a first organic solvent, and a non-alkali metal salt and a carboxylic acid dissolved therein, wherein the carboxylic acid has at least one aryl group; (b) providing a sulfide material; and (c) combining the first solution and the sulfide material to form a reaction solution, thereby forming a nanoparticle containing at least one metal sulfide nanocrystal having a surface modified with the carboxylic acid, wherein the carboxylic acid has at least one aryl group.

Abstract: A method to fabricate semiconductor nanocrystals which comprises dissolving a metal source in a first solvent that contains at least one functional —OH group to form a mixture and heating the mixture to form a solution 1 and dissolving a X source in a second solvent which contains at least one functional —OH group, to form a solution 2 and mixing solution 2 and then combining solution 2 into solution 1, and heating and separating the solution out, to produce semiconductor nanocrystals.

Abstract: An economic, direct synthetic method for producing water soluble QDs that are ready for bioconjugation is provided. The method can produce aqueous QDs with emission wavelengths varying from 400 nm to 700 nm. Highly luminescent metal sulfide (MS) QDs are produced via an aqueous synthesis route. MS QDs are capped with thiol-containing charged molecules in a single step. The resultant MS QDs exhibit the distinctive excitonic photoluminescence desired of QDs and can be fabricated to avoid undesirable broadband emissions at higher wavelengths. This provides a significant improvement over the present complex and expensive commercial processes for the production of QDs. The aqueous QDs are stable in biological fluids over a long period of time. In addition, nontoxic ZnS QDs have been produced with good photoluminescence properties by refluxing the ZnS QD suspensions over a period of time.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing fine particles of the invention includes introducing a reactive gas flow containing a fine particle source material into a reactor from one side, growing fine particles in a gas phase by heating the fine particle source material in the reactive gas flow, introducing a diluting gas flow into the reactor from another side being almost counter-flow to the reactive gas flow, equalizing flow rates of the reactive gas flow and the diluting gas flow substantially with respect to a cross section of a flow channel, and then stopping growth of the fine particles by merging the reactive gas flow and the diluting gas flow.

Abstract: Dendron ligands or other branched ligands with cross-linkable groups were coordinated to colloidal inorganic nanoparticles, including nanocrystals, and substantially globally cross-linked through different strategies, such as ring-closing metathesis (RCM), dendrimer-bridging methods, and the like. This global cross-linking reaction sealed each nanocrystal within a dendron box to yield box-nanocrystals which showed dramatically enhanced stability against chemical, photochemical and thermal treatments in comparison to the non-cross-linked dendron-nanocrystals. Empty dendron boxes possessing a very narrow size distribution were formed by the dissolution of the inorganic nanocrystals contained therein upon acid or other etching treatments.

Abstract: A method of making nanocrystals involves adding a chalocogen source to a hot solution of a metal-containing non-organometallic compound, such as CdO, in a first ligand solvent, such as TOP, and preferably subsequently cooling the resulting mixture to a lower temperature to grow the nanocrystals at said lower temperature. The method can involve either one ligand or two-ligand systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to particles or powders of a compound of formula Zn1?yMyO1?xSx, wherein x has a value in the range from 0.01 to 0.08, M represents a divalent metal and y has a value in the range from 0 to 0.2, the compound having a wurtzite structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for the production of nanoparticles using a continuous flow miniaturised reaction vessel. In particular, the invention provides a method for preparing nanoparticles by a direct one-stage process.

Abstract: A method for making a nanocrystal-based material capable of emitting light over a sufficiently broad spectral range to appear white. Surface-modifying ligands are used to shift and broaden the emission of semiconductor nanocrystals to produce nanoparticle-based materials that emit white light.

Abstract: A method of preparing metal chalcogenide particles. The method comprising the step of reacting an amine and metal complex precursors. The metal complex precursors comprising a chalcogenide and an electrophilic group. The reaction forming metal chalcogenide particles substantially free of the electrophilic group.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for preparing a Zinc Sulfide powder, and provides a method for preparing a single crystalline powder of Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) a high crystallinity comprising a step of conducting a hydrothermal reaction of a) Zinc Oxide or Zinc acetate as Zinc source and b) thioacetamide or thiourea as Sulfur source at a temperature of 180 to 230° C. and a fluorescent substance using the same as a source.

Abstract: The present invention provides means for inhibiting the oxidation of a metal sulfide-containing material, such as ore mine waste rock or metal sulfide taiulings, by coating the metal sulfide-containing material with an oxidation-inhibiting two-tail lipid coating (12) thereon, thereby inhibiting oxidation of the metal sulfide-containing material in acid mine drainage conditions. The lipids may be selected from phospholipids, sphingolipids, glycolipids and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a nanocrystallite from a M-containing salt forms a nanocrystallite. The nanocrystallite can be a member of a population of nanocrystallites having a narrow size distribution and can include one or more semiconductor materials. Semiconducting nanocrystallites can photoluminesce and can have high emission quantum efficiencies.

Abstract: Methods for producing metal/metalloid oxide particles comprise rare earth metals herein include reacting a reactant stream in a gas flow. The reactant stream includes a rare earth metal precursor and an oxygen source. A collection of particles comprising metal/metalloid oxide have an average particle size from about 15 nm to about 1 micron. The metal/metalloid oxide comprises a non-rare earth metal oxide wherein less than about 25 percent of a non-rare earth metal is substituted with a rare earth metal. The metal/metalloid oxide particles can be reacted with H2S or C2S to form corresponding metal/metalloid sulfide particles. The metal/metalloid sulfide particles can be doped with rare earth metals. The particles are useful as phosphors, for example for use in displays.

Abstract: A mixed melt, which contains urea and/or a urea derivative and contains a sulfur source and a zinc source, is prepared. A temperature of the mixed melt is raised, and a precipitate of zinc sulfide is thereby formed. The temperature of the mixed melt is raised even further, and a solid material containing the zinc sulfide is thereby formed. The solid material is fired, and organic constituents contained in the solid material are thus removed. Zinc sulfide particles having uniform particle size and free from inclusion of impurities are thus produced without any precipitant being added.

Abstract: A process for removing hydrogen sulfide, other sulfur-containing compounds and/or sulfur and mercury from a gas stream contaminated with mercury, hydrogen sulfide or both. The method comprises the step of selective oxidation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in a gas stream containing one or more oxidizable components other than H2S to generate elemental sulfur (S) or a mixture of sulfur and sulfur dioxide (SO2). The sulfur generated in the gas stream reacts with mercury in the gas stream to generate mercuric sulfide and sulfur and mercuric sulfide are removed from the gas stream by co-condensation.