Abstract: A method for further purifying previously distilled hydrogen peroxide for use in microelectronics in which a hydrogen peroxide starting solution purified initially by distillation is contacted, after the addition of a small amount of chelating agent, with a non-ion-exchanging polymeric adsorbent, such as a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, to obtain a highly purified hydrogen peroxide solution which satisfies the stringent purity requirements for use in producing 4-megabit and 16-megabit microprocessor chips.

Abstract: An acidic aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution containing copper can be stabilized by adding an amino acid having the formula ##STR1## wherein Ar is an aromatic group.

Abstract: A process for purifying a hydrogen peroxide solution is disclosed, comprising treating a 10 to 60% by weight hydrogen peroxide solution having a pH between 1.5 and 5.0 and containing anionic impurities with a hydrogencarbonate type or carbonate type anion exchange resin while adding an acid or a salt thereof having an acid dissociation constant pKa in water of not more than 5 to the hydrogen peroxide solution to be treated continuously or semi-continuously in an amount of from 0.5 to 5 milli-equivalents per liter of hydrogen peroxide solution. The hydrogen peroxide decomposing activity of the anion exchange resin can be inhibited without decreasing a rate of removal of strong acid radicals in the anionic impurities thereby minimizing oxygen evolution due to decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the production of hydrogen peroxide directly from hydrogen and oxygen utilizing a pipeline reactor for establishing a reaction zone for the reaction of these gases within an acidic aqueous solution, is disclosed. The reaction zone is completely filled with the solution and a reaction mixture is formed by dispersing hydrogen gas and oxygen gas in the solution in proportions above the lower flammability limit under control conditions resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide. This reaction mixture is maintained until the proportion of hydrogen has decreased to below the lower flammability limit for the gas mixture. The hydrogen peroxide is then removed from the reaction zone. The reaction of the hydrogen and oxygen in the solution is conducted under plug-flow conditions.

Abstract: Aqueous peroxide bleaching compositions including organic components such as surfactants, fluorescent whiteners and dyes are effectively stabilized by the addition of a stabilizing system comprising stabilizing effective amounts of a heavy metal chelating or sequestering agent and an aromatic amine free radical scavenging agent. Both agents must be present to achieve maximum stability. The aromatic amine free radical scavenging agent is preferably a primary or secondary aryl amine having at least one hydrogen on the nitrogen of the amine. The stabilizing system stabilizes the organic component as well as the peroxide oxidizing agent.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for high efficiency, high concentration production of hydrogen peroxide wherein oxygen and hydrogen are reacted in the reaction medium in the presence of a catalyst comprising a metallic or carrier supported platinum group metal catalyst onto which an organic halogen compound which is insoluble in water, which compound excludes compounds which contain no halogen other than fluorine, has been adsorbed or a platinum group metal catalyst supported on a carrier in which a halogenated organic compound, which compound excludes compounds that contain no halogen other than fluorine, has been adsorbed to the carrier prior to supporting the platinum group metal. Since it is not necessary for halogen ions to be present in the reaction medium as it was in the prior art, the problems of deterioration due to the dissolution of the catalyst and of corrosion of the structural materials of the reaction vessel are alleviated.

Abstract: A distillation plant is constructed with an evaporator, separator and distillation column integrated together on a common vertical axis so as to eliminate bends and reduced cross sections in the product flow. The distillation column employs a regular packing to further reduce the pressure drop and operating temperatures over the height of the column. The overall pressure drop in the distillation plant is held to a range of less than 20 mbar.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for producing hydrogen peroxide. The inventive process utilizes an aqueous liquid reaction medium, a gaseous reactant stream comprising oxygen gas and hydrogen gas, and a catalyst bed comprising a catalyst which is effective for catalyzing the production of hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen. The inventive process preferably comprises the step of conducting the gaseous reactant stream and the liquid reaction medium through the fixed catalyst bed in a manner such that a pulse-flow regime is established in the catalyst bed.

Abstract: The peroxides which include the O.sup.17 isotope, especially the hydrogen peroxides and peroxides and hydroperoxides prepared therefrom, are well adapted as nonradioactive labeled compounds for use in the medicinal and biological arts.

Abstract: An improved process for directly producing hydrogen peroxide from oxygen and hydrogen is disclosed. Hydrogen and oxygen are contacted in the presence of a catalyst, acid, halide ions and a multifunctional phosphonate or phosphate preparation so as to increase hydrogen peroxide yield and decrease catalyst deactivation.

Abstract: A method for producing hydrogen peroxide by the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the reaction medium in the presence of a platinum group metal catalyst supported on a halogenated resin, in which, since there are no halogen ion nor high concentrations of acid in the reaction medium of this invention as there are in prior art methods, the problems of dissolution of catalyst and corrosion of the reaction vessel are solved.

Abstract: High-strength, non-agglomerated uniform porous microspheres of silica produced by spray drying a mixture comprising a colloidal silica sol and an additive selected from ammonium citrate or urea; an attrition resistant catalytic composite consisting essentially of metal crystallites such as palladium, platinum-palladium on said silica microsphere and method for preparing the same; and an improved process for making hydrogen peroxide from the direct combination of hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of said attrition resistant catalytic composite.

Abstract: A process for making hydrogen peroxide by catalytically reacting oxygen with hydrogen in a liquid reaction medium, which comprises(a) filling a reactor with a liquid reaction medium containing a catalyst,(b) dissolving oxygen and hydrogen in the liquid reaction medium by contacting the gases separately and simultaneously with the liquid reaction medium in the reactor,(c) thus forming hydrogen peroxide in the liquid reaction medium containing the catalyst,(d) while maintaining the reactor at such condition that a gaseous phase containing a combination of both oxygen and hydrogen is substantially absent during the reaction, and(e) separating the catalyst from the resulting reaction mixture containing hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for manufacturing hydrogen peroxide by the direct oxidation of hydrogen and oxygen in an acidic aqueous medium. The process comprises supplying a catalyst consisting of at least one group VIII metal on a hydrophobic support, and contacting the catalyst with hydrogen and oxygen in an acidic aqueous solution at a hydrogen partial pressure from about 0.3 kPa to 5 MPa and an oxygen partial pressure of 20 kPa to 5 MPa and at a temperature from the freezing point of the aqueous medium to 60.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing hydrogen peroxide and the stabilized composition are claimed employing as a stabilizer a tin (II) salt of an acid selected from the group hydrofluoric acid, C6 to C17 saturated monocarboxylic acids and C2 to C6 saturated polycarboxylic acids, preferably oxalic acid. The tin content of hydrogen peroxide prepared from a tin (II) oxalate stock solution can be reduced by filtration to less than 1 mg/l if the tin oxalate stock solution has been properly aged.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive material comprising a polyacid composed of tungsten and niobium, titanium and/or tantalum. A uniform film can be formed by an easy spin coating method. The polyacid has a radiation sensitivity higher than that of a polyacid comprising only tungsten.

Abstract: Metal ions contained in hydrogen peroxide can be removed efficiently, safely and inexpensively by contacting hydrogen peroxide to be purified with an anion exchange resin with a chelating agent adsorbed therein.

Abstract: A material for an optical component comprising polytungstic acid having peroxo groups, and an optical component, at least part of which is constituted of a thin film of the above-mentioned material. By using this material, a thin film of an inorganic material having an excellent stability is formed by the inexpensive wet painting method. An optical component using the above-mentioned thin film can be formed on an arbitrary substrate with high accuracy at a low temperature of about 100.degree. C. or below. The polytungstic acid may contain carbon as a heteroatom and/or may have Nb, Ti, V, Ta and/or Mo substituted for part of W.

Abstract: A method for purifying an impure aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, which comprises passing an impure aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution through(a) a cation exchange resin layer, a halogen-containing porous resin layer and an anion exchange resin layer in this order, or(b) a halogen-containing porous resin layer, a cation exchange resin layer and an anion exchange resin layer in this order, or(c) a halogen-containing porous resin layer and a cation/anion mixed-bed resin layer in this order to contact said solution with each resin.

Abstract: Hydrogen peroxide is produced from hydrogen and oxygen by (a) intimately contacting gaseous hydrogen at superatmospheric pressure with an inorganic aqueous reaction medium which includes a catalytically effective amount of a platinum group metal catalyst, (b) next diminishing the amount of hydrogen in the gaseous phase to a value under the explosive/flammable limits of admixture thereof with the gaseous oxygen introduced in step (c), and (c) intimately contacting and reacting the aqueous reaction medium and diminished gaseous phase with a source of gaseous oxygen.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the purification of hydrogen peroxide by using activated carbon which has been chemically modified by using ammonium carbonate, (NH.sub.4).sub.2 CO.sub.3, or by using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid diammonium salt, (NH.sub.4).sub.2 EDTA, followed by distillation.

Abstract: A stable hydrogen peroxide composition is provided of from 1% to 52% by weight hydrogen peroxide and 1,10-phenanthroline. The composition may contain other conventional additives suitable for stabilizing hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A system for removing cyanide and related species from a cyanide-containing waste fluid, for example, of the sort generated by mining operations, includes means for generating hydrogen peroxide by the burning of a fuel and the quenching of that burning with the waste fluid. At least a portion of the cyanide content of the waste fluid is eliminated by oxidation with the hydrogen peroxide, and the quenching can also provide organic material to serve as a carbon source for microbes which degrade residuel cyanide in the treated waste stream.

Abstract: 2-Hydrazono-4,6-dinitrobenzthiazolones of the formula ##STR1## in which X.sub.1 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -sulphoalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -sulphatoalkyl, andX.sub.2 represents hydrogen or --SO.sub.2 X.sub.3, whereX.sub.3 may represent hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl or optionally substituted aryl andX.sub.1 also represents a double bond between the cyclic nitrogen atom and the carbon atom 2 according to the formula II below: ##STR2## where X.sub.2 has the meaning specified under the above formula. These hydrazones may be employed in the preparation of azo dyestuffs and as color formers for detecting of biological substances, and in the determination of H.sub.2 O.sub.2.

Abstract: Aqueous peroxide bleaching compositions that include surfactant, fluorescent whiteners and dyes are effectively stabilized by the addition of a heavy metal chelating agent and a free radical scavenging agent. Both agents must be present to achieve maximum stability. Particularly preferred chelating agents are the amino polyphosphonates. Particularly preferred free radical scavenging agents are the hydroxybenzenes and especially substituted phenols. Not only is the peroxide oxidizing agent stabilized, but surfactant, fluorescent whitener, and dye as well.

Abstract: A catalytic process for making H.sub.2 O.sub.2 from H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 in an aqueous medium which comprises using H.sup.+ ions and BR.sup.- ions each, independently, in the range from about 0.001 to about 0.05 M.

Abstract: An improved method for making hydrogen peroxide from the direct combination of hydrogen and oxygen using a platinum/palladium catalyst in which the weight ratio of platinum to platinum plus palladium is in the range of about 0.02 to about 0.2.

Abstract: A method of removing organic impurities from an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide, which comprises bringing an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide containing organic impurities into contact with a halogen-containing porous resin having a true specific gravity in the wet state of 1.1 to 1.3.

Abstract: A process for making hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen employing an aqueous reaction medium containing a bromide promoter is disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel stabilized aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution which comprises hydrogen peroxide in admixture with an aromatic polysulfonic acid, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: Hydrogen peroxide is produced in a reaction between carbon monoxide, oxygen, and water in the substantial absence of gaseous hydrogen in the presence of a solvent using a soluble palladium compound as a catalyst and employing an arsine or phosphine ligand.

Abstract: A process for making hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen at superatmospheric pressures employing, as catalyst, Pd on adsorbent carbon, the reaction being run in an aqueous medium comprising substantially no organic component.

Abstract: Hydrogen peroxide is produced by reacting hydrogen and oxygen in an acidic aqueous solution containing suspended therein a supported Group VIII noble metal catalyst in a system wherein the reaction medium has a thickness of at most about 2 millimeters.

Abstract: A process for producing aminophenyl-.beta.-hydroxyethylsulfone of the formula (I), ##STR1## which comprises the following steps: (1) condensing nitrohalobenzene with mercaptoethanol in the presence of an alkali hydroxide and at least one reaction medium selected from N-alkyl-substituted amides and sulfoxides to produce mononitrophenyl-.beta.-hydroxyethylsulfide of the formula (II): ##STR2## (2) oxidizing the mononitrophenyl-.beta.-hydroxyethylsulfide (II) to produce mononitrophenyl-.beta.-hydroxyethylsulfone of the formula (III): ##STR3## and (3) reducing the mononitrophenyl-.beta.-hydroxyethylsulfone to produce the aminophenyl-.beta.-hydroxyethylsulfone of the formula (I). This compound is useful as an intermediate for aminophenyl-.beta.-sulfatoethylsulfone represented by the following formula: ##STR4## which is an important intermediate for vinyl sulfone type reactive dyes largely used for dyeing cellulose fiber materials.

Abstract: The invention provides a method to liquify a heavy brine completion fluid containing chlorides. The combination of a persulfate and hydrogen peroxide was found to be more effective than either compound alone, or than a peroxygen plus an activator.

Abstract: The production of organic hydrogen peroxide solutions which are practically water-free until now has had the problem of either too high a water content of the solution or too great a loss of hydrogen peroxide through decomposition and passing over as distillate during the distillative drying. By selection of specific esters in combination with commensurately high pressures in the azeotropic removal of water, these disadvantages can be avoided. Extremely low water content solutions of hydrogen peroxide in high boiling solutions are produced by mixing hydrogen peroxide solutions in solvents whose azeotropic boiling point with water is below the boiling point of hydrogen peroxide with higher boiling solvents which form the highest azeotrope with water, whose boiling point is near or above the boiling point of hydrogen peroxide. Thereupon, the mixture is freed from both water and the lower boiling solvent. The mixture can be formed by an in situ method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of carrying out a mobile atom insertion reaction, such as a hydrogen insertion reaction, for the synthesis of reduced, hydrogenated compounds. Such reactions include the production of ammonia and hydrazine from nitrogen, formic acid and methanol from carbon dioxide, and hydrogen peroxide from oxygen. The insertion reactions are carried out at a bipolar mobile atom transmissive membrane comprising a membrane formed of a mobile atom pump material, as a hydrogen pump material, conductive atom transmissive means on one surface of the membrane and conductive atom transmissive means on the opposite surface of the membrane. The mobile atom, such as hydrogen, diffuses across the membrane, to provide a source of hydrogen on the insertion reaction side of the membrane. The insertion reaction side of the membrane is positively biased with respect to a counterelectrode so that a reactant molecule, such as carbon dioxide, is electrosorbed on that surface of the membrane.

Abstract: Hydrogen peroxide is produced in a reaction between carbon monoxide, oxygen, and water in the presence of a solvent using a Group 8 noble metal as a catalyst. Especially preferred as the working solution is palladium chloride in acetone.

Abstract: A cyclic process for removing lower valence nitrogen oxides from gaseous mixtures includes treating the mixtures in a first stage with an acidic aqueous media including a peroxygen oxidant to form nitric acid and higher valence nitrogen oides and to capture these oxides as alkali metal salts, especially nitrites and nitrates, in a carbonate/bicarbonate-containing product aqueous media in a second stage. Highly selective recovery of nitrates in high purity and yield may then follow, as by crystallization, with the carbonate and bicarbonate alkali metal salts strongly increasing the selectivity and yield of nitrates. The product nitrites are converted to nitrates by oxidation after lowering the product aqueous media pH to below about 9.Where the gas mixtures include both sulfur dioxide and lower valence nitrogen oxides, the processes for removing lower valence nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide may be combined into a single removal/recovery system, or may be effected in sequence.

Abstract: A liquid bleach composition comprises a hydrogen peroxide precursor which includes as an enzyme an alcohol oxidase and as a substrate for the enzyme the corresponding alcohol, the enzyme and the substrate being incapable of substantial interaction in the composition. The composition contains less than 1 unit of catalase for every 2 units of the alcohol oxidase so that peroxide formation, when the composition is diluted with 100 times its volume of water to trigger the interaction of the enzyme and its substrate, it not substantially impaired. The diluted composition has a pH value of from 7.5 to 11. Preferably, the composition also comprises detergent active compound.

Abstract: Hydrogen is diffused through a palladium-containing membrane into an aqueous solution containing ions of a stabilizing nature and containing dissolved oxygen to form hydrogen peroxide. Some water is formed as a by-product. The hydrogen peroxide may be identified and/or recovered from said aqueous solution in an identification zone.

Abstract: An improvement in a process for producing hydrogen peroxide by contacting a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen with a palladium on carbon catalyst in the presence of an acidic liquid capable of inhibiting decomposition of thus-produced hydrogen peroxide comprises prolonging the useful life of the catalyst by continuous removal of palladium salts produced by solubilization of the catalyst from the acidic liquid, preferably by employing high surface activated carbon as the catalyst support and adsorbent for palladium salts.

Abstract: This invention relates to improvements in palladium-carbon catalysts for the production of hydrogen peroxide from a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of an aqueous liquid capable of inhibiting the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The improvement comprises pretreating the catalyst with an aldehyde or ketone, and, preferably, also pretreating the catalyst with a dilute solution of hydrochloric acid. Improved catalysts are obtained by reducing a soluble palladium compound deposited on a high surface area non-graphitic carbon base, in the form of a dried powder, with hydrogen at 27.degree.-200.degree. C.

Abstract: A catalyst suitable for use in the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen is prepared by bringing hydrogen and oxygen into contact with a liquid mixture comprising a fluorocarbon and/or halofluorocarbon and water containing bis(tri(pentafluorophenyl)phosphine) palladium dichloride. When the reaction mixture is allowed to stand the catalyst appears as a black film at the interface of the organic and aqueous phases. The black film is almost totally insoluble in aqueous hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: Stabilizer formulations have been developed for commercial hydrogen peroxide stored in stainless steel containers. These stabilizers, which include benzene phosphonous acid, 2,2'-dithiobenzoic acid, 1-allyl-thiourea, and thiocarbanilide are effective in the presence of typical decomposition catalysts when used in conjunction with typical organic phosphonic stabilizer systems, even when the commercial organic phosphonic stabilizers are present in less than the usually recommended quantities.

Abstract: Hydrogen peroxide is prepared by the homogeneously catalyzed reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in an inert organic solvent, by employing an iridium complex as the catalyst in the presence of a quinone reaction promoter.

Abstract: Hydrogen peroxide is prepared by the homogeneously catalyzed reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in an inert organic solvent, by employing a palladium complex, selected from palladium(O) complexes of dibenzylidene acetone, as the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for producing hydrogen peroxide wherein a gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen and oxygen is contacted with a catalyst in the presence of water and an organic solvent wherein:(i) the organic solvent is immiscible with water and unreactive with hydrogen peroxide under the contacting conditions;(ii) the distribution coefficient for hydrogen peroxide between the water and the organic solvent is greater than 1;(iii) the catalyst is of the formula L.sub.2 MX.sub.2 wherein L is a ligand represented by the formula A R.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.3 wherein R.sub.1 R.sub.2 and R.sub.

Abstract: An improvement in a process for producing hydrogen peroxide by contacting a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen with a palladium on carbon catalyst in the presence of an acidic aqueous liquid capable of inhibiting decomposition of hydrogen peroxide comprises prolonging the useful life of the catalyst by continuous removal of palladium salts produced by solubilization of the catalyst from the acidic aqueous liquid.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in hydrogen peroxide synthesis from hydrogen and oxygen, in an acidic medium containing an oxygenated or nitrogenous organic compound using a supported Group VIII noble metal catalyst. The improvement comprises using an oxygen/hydrogen ratio higher than about 3.4 and a catalyst level above 30 mg. per 100 ml. of medium.