Abstract: A process for obtaining vanadium component in the form of vanadium oxide from gasifier slag is disclosed. The process comprises pulverizing the slag to obtain pulverized slag, which is blended with water and an alkali salt to obtain a slurry. The slurry is dried and then roasted in the presence of air to obtain a roasted slag. The roasted slag is leached to obtain a first filtrate comprising the vanadium component. The first filtrate is reacted with a magnesium salt to remove a silica component in the form of a precipitate. The silica free second filtrate is reacted with an ammonium salt to obtain ammonium metavanadate, which is further calcined to obtain the significant amount of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for the preparation of porous metal oxide materials, including metal oxide xerogels and metal oxide aerogels. Methods for preparing porous metal oxide materials can comprise (i) reacting a metal alkoxide with water in the presence of a catalyst system to form a partially hydrolyzed sol, (ii) contacting the partially hydrolyzed sol with a base catalyst and a non-aqueous solvent to form a precursor gel; and (iii) drying the precursor gel to form the porous metal oxide material. The catalyst system employed in step (i) comprises a combination of a weak acid and a strong acid.

Abstract: A preparation method of a vanadium oxide powder with high phase-transition latent heat includes steps of taking vanadium pentoxide, oxalic acid and PVP as raw materials, preparing a B-phase VO2 nano-powder modified by the PVP, and then annealing the B-phase VO2 nano-powder modified by the PVP at high temperature in an oxygen atmosphere, and obtaining the vanadium oxide powder with high phase-transition latent heat which includes M-phase VO2 with a mass percentage in a range of 96-99% and V6O13 with a mass percentage in a range of 1-4%, and has the phase-transition latent heat larger than 50 J/g. Compared with the vanadium oxide powder prepared by a traditional method without PVP modification and using a vacuum annealing process, the phase-transition latent heat of the vanadium oxide powder provided by the present invention is increased by at least 60%.

Abstract: Provided is a solid state electrolyte composition for a rechargeable lithium battery. The electrolyte composition comprises a lithium ion-conducting polymer matrix or binder and lithium ion-conducting inorganic species that is dispersed in or chemically bonded by the polymer matrix or binder, wherein the lithium ion-conducting inorganic species is selected from Li2CO3, Li2O, Li2C2O4, LiOH, LiX, ROCO2Li, HCOLi, ROLi, (ROCO2Li)2, (CH2OCO2Li)2, Li2S, LixSOy, or a combination thereof, wherein X=F, Cl, I, or Br, R=a hydrocarbon group, 0<x?1, 1?y?4; and wherein the polymer matrix or binder is in an amount from 1% to 99% by volume of the electrolyte composition. Also provided are a process for producing this solid state electrolyte and a lithium secondary battery containing such a solid state electrolyte.

Abstract: A declarative mechanism is provided in the context of lawful interception (LI). A manifesto with information that specifies LI of a communication service or application is created and declared by a service or application provider who, is subject to LI. The declaration takes place in that the manifesto is provided from a first LI function to other LI functions in a communication system. LI data (e.g., call data record, intercept related information and call content) is subsequently generated during LI according to the manifesto by a point of interception within the service or application. The point of interception delivers the LI data to a mediation and delivery function that then forwards it to a law enforcement agency. The law enforcement agency knows how to read and manage the LI data from the manifesto.

Abstract: A disordered rocksalt lithium metal oxide and oxyfluoride as in manganese-vanadium oxides and oxyfluorides well suited for use in high capacity lithium-ion battery electrodes such as those found in lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. A lithium metal oxide or oxyfluoride example is one having a general formula: LixM?aM?bO2-yFy, with the lithium metal oxide or oxyfluoride having a cation-disordered rocksalt structure of one of (a) or (b), with (a) 1.09?x?1.35, 0.1?a?0.7, 0.1?b?0.7, and 0?y?0.7; M? is a low valent transition metal and M? is a high-valent transition metal; and (b) 1.1?x?1.33, 0.1?a?0.41, 0.39?b?0.67, and 0?y?0.3; M? is Mn; and M? is V or Mo. The oxides or oxyfluorides balance accessible Li capacity and transition metal capacity. An immediate application example is for high energy density Li-cathode battery materials, where the cathode energy is a key limiting factor to overall performance. The second structure (b) is optimized for maximal accessible Li capacity.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for recovering ammonia from vanadium preparation for ammonium preparation and recycling wastewater. A conventional vanadium extraction process is complex, and the most difficult to control and treat are ammonia emissions and wastewater treatment. The present process can directly extract ammonium metavanadate and ammonium polyvanadate from the beginning of mining and smelting, and gather all emitted ammonia to prepare ammonium in the process of preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide by using the ammonium metavanadate or the ammonium polyvanadate, thereby ensuring zero emission of the exhaust gas, and effectively treat all wastewater generated in the above process by using a polyacid ester flocculation technology, thereby ensuring that the wastewater is not discharged but recycled, and realizing that the purity of all products reaches 99.5-99.99%.

Abstract: A preparation method of a tetragonal NaV2O5.H2O nanosheet-like powder includes steps of: (S1) simultaneously adding NaVO3 and Na2S.9H2O into deionized water, and then magnetically stirring, and obtaining a black turbid solution; (S2) sealing after putting the black turbid solution into an inner lining of a reaction kettle, fixing the sealed inner lining in an outer lining of the reaction kettle, placing the reaction kettle into a homogeneous reactor, and then performing a hydrothermal reaction; and (S3) after completing the hydrothermal reaction, naturally cooling the reaction kettle to the room temperature, and then alternately cleaning through water and alcohol, and then collecting a product, drying the product, and finally obtaining the tetragonal NaV2O5.H2O nanosheet-like powder with a thickness in a range of 30-60 nm and a single crystal structure grown along a (002) crystal orientation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to vanadium oxide and methods of controlling reaction processes for making such materials (e.g., powders). In particular embodiments, the method includes control of oxygen partial pressure in order to kinetically control the oxidation species of the crystalline vanadium oxide material. Other methods, uses, systems, protocols, and coatings are also described.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, petrochemicals may be produced from crude oil by a process which includes passing the crude oil and hydrogen into a hydroprocessing reactor, separating the hydrotreated oil into a lesser boiling point fraction and a greater boiling point fraction, passing the lesser boiling point fraction to a pyrolysis section of a steam cracker to produce a pyrolysis effluent comprising olefins, aromatics, or both, passing the greater boiling point fraction to a gasifier, where the gasifier produces hydrogen, and passing at least a portion of the hydrogen produced by the gasifier to the hydroprocessing reactor.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding compositions containing A) from 29 to 99.99% by weight of a polyester, B) from 0.01 to 3.0% by weight of an alkali metal salt of nitrous acid or of phosphoric acid or of carbonic acid, or a mixture of these, based on 100% by weight of A) and B), and C) from 0 to 70% by weight of further additives, where the sum of the % by weight values for A) to C) is 100%. The compositions are used in the production of cable sheathing or optical waveguide sheathing via blowmolding, profile extrusion, and/or tube extrusion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to organogels and emulsions based on ultrasmall self-assembling peptides. It further relates to methods for producing such organogels and emulsions as well as to the use of the organogels and emulsions in biological and non-biological applications.

Abstract: A battery capable of improving the cycle characteristics even if the thickness of an anode active material layer is increased is provided. The battery includes a cathode, an anode and an electrolytic solution. The anode has an anode active material layer on an anode current collector, and the anode active material layer contains a carbon material and has a thickness of 30 ?m or more. The electrolytic solution contains a solvent and an electrolyte salt, and the solvent contains at least one of sulfone compounds such as a cyclic disulfonic acid anhydride.

Abstract: Reversibly switchable (transformable) surface layer changeable from (super)hydrophobic to (super)hydrophilic surface states are described. Methods of decontamination of surfaces exposed to contaminate are provided. The reversibly switchable properties of the surface layer can be controlled by an external stimulus.

Abstract: A niobium suboxide powder comprising niobium suboxide particles having a bulk nitrogen content of between 500 to 20,000 ppm. The nitrogen is distributed in the bulk of the powder particles. The nitrogen at least partly is present in the form of at least one of Nb2N crystals or niobium oxynitride crystals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the extraction of vanadium from various sources in the form of vanadiumpentoxide, V2O5, from a source containing vanadium. The method includes the steps of: providing a source of V2O5, heating the source to a temperature of at least 1000° C., evaporating V2O5 from the heated source and recovering the evaporated V2O5.

Abstract: A new electroactive material of formula H4V3O8 obtainable from H2V3O8 is described as well as a method for its production, an electroactive cathode coating material comprising this electroactive material, a method for its production and cathodes as well as aqueous and non aqueous, rechargeable and non rechargeable batteries comprising such cathodes.

Abstract: At least one of a valve metal sintered capacitor anode body and a suboxide valve metal sintered capacitor anode body with a particle density of >88% of a theoretical density.

Abstract: A method for extracting vanadium from shale, the method including: a) grinding the shale into fine powders, mixing the fine powders with an additive in a mass ratio of 1:0.04-0.12 to yield a mixture, heating the mixture to a temperature of between 850 and 950° C. at a heating rate of 5-9° C./min, and baking the mixture for between 30 and 90 min; b) immersing the product in water and acid respectively to yield a first solution and a second solution, combining the two solutions, and performing ion exchange adsorption on the combined solution using a styrene-divinylbenzene based macroporous anion-exchange resin; and c) performing desorption, purification, and precipitation to yield poly ammonium vanadate, and calcining the poly ammonium vanadate at a temperature of between 450 and 530° C. for between 20 and 50 min to yield V2O5.

Abstract: A method of preparing an organic light-emitting device having excellent sealing characteristics against external environment and flexibility.

Abstract: Provided is a resistor film comprising vanadium oxide as a main component, wherein metal-to-insulator transition is indicated in the vicinity of room temperature in temperature variations of electric resistance, there is no hysteresis in a resistance change in response to temperature variations or the temperature width is small at less than 1.5K even if there is hysteresis, and highly accurate measurement can be provided when used in a bolometer. Upon producing the resistor film comprising vanadium oxide as a main component by treating a coating film of an organovanadium compound via laser irradiation or the like, a crystalline phase and a noncrystalline (amorphous) phase are caused to coexist in the resistor film.

Abstract: Process for purifying vanadium oxide that includes cationic exchange resin and solvent extraction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to catalysts and methods for efficient conversion of carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), which shows good activity and high selectivity for HMF preparation from saccharides. The catalyst is stable in aqueous system which makes it as an ideal catalyst for HMF production. High HMF yield was obtained even in mild condition. The catalysts of the invention are advantageous in that they are environment-friendly, easy separation and recovery, can be re-used in subsequent reactions, do not corrode reaction reactors. These features make the catalyst as a suitable catalyst for HMF preparation and have strong industrial application significance.

Abstract: A process for preparing a mesoporous metal oxide, i.e., transition metal oxide, Lanthanide metal oxide, a post-transition metal oxide and metalloid oxide. The process comprises providing a micellar solution comprising a metal precursor, an interface modifier, a hydrotropic ion precursor, and a surfactant; and heating the micellar solution at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to form the mesoporous metal oxide. A mesoporous metal oxide prepared by the above process. A method of controlling nano-sized wall crystallinity and mesoporosity in mesoporous metal oxides. The method comprises providing a micellar solution comprising a metal precursor, an interface modifier, a hydrotropic ion precursor, and a surfactant; and heating the micellar solution at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to control nano-sized wall crystallinity and mesoporosity in the mesoporous metal oxides. Mesoporous metal oxides and a method of tuning structural properties of mesoporous metal oxides.

Abstract: A process comprises (a) combining (1) at least one base and (2) at least one metal carboxylate salt comprising (i) a metal cation selected from metal cations that form amphoteric metal oxides or oxyhydroxides and (ii) a lactate or thiolactate anion, or metal carboxylate salt precursors comprising (i) at least one metal salt comprising the metal cation and a non-interfering anion and (ii) lactic or thiolactic acid, a lactate or thiolactate salt of a non-interfering, non-metal cation, or a mixture thereof; and (b) allowing the base and the metal carboxylate salt or metal carboxylate salt precursors to react.

Abstract: An aluminum ion battery includes an aluminum anode, a vanadium oxide material cathode and an ionic liquid electrolyte. In particular, the vanadium oxide material cathode comprises a monocrystalline orthorhombic vanadium oxide material. The aluminum ion battery has an enhanced electrical storage capacity. A metal sulfide material may alternatively or additionally be included in the cathode.

Abstract: A lithographic process includes the use of a silicon-containing polymer or a compound that includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of: Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Ni, Cu or Zn in a resist material for an EUV lithographic process. The wavelength of the EUV light used in the process is less than 11 nm, for example 6.5-6.9 nm. The invention further relates to novel silicon-containing polymers.

Abstract: Hydrophilic, biocidal coating compositions and methods to make and use the compositions are disclosed. The coatings include compounds with quaternary amine polyethylene glycol groups and polyaminoalkyl biguanide groups as substituents. The compounds when incorporated in paints provide hydrophilic, self-cleaning and biocidal property to the coating.

Abstract: An element having an immersible portion for contact with an aqueous liquid, the immersible portion having a contact surface for contact with the aqueous liquid, the contact surface configured to have strong acidity, a radiation (e.g., ultraviolet radiation) source assembly, a radiation (e.g., ultraviolet radiation) source module and a fluid (e.g., water) treatment system incorporating this element applicable to any surface in contact with fluid that is susceptible to build-up of fouling materials. The embodiments obviates or mitigates the rate of accumulation of fouling on surfaces in contact with aqueous solution, such as the protective (e.g., quartz) sleeves in an ultraviolet radiation fluid treatment system, by modifying at least a portion of the surface of those sleeves in contact with fluid (e.g., water) to have an inherent strong surface acidity.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of producing fine particulate alkali metal niobate in a liquid phase system, wherein the size and shape of the particulate alkali metal niobate can be controlled; and fine particulate alkali metal niobate having a controlled shape and size. One of specifically disclosed is a method of producing a substantially rectangular cuboid particulate alkali metal niobate represented by MNbO3 (1), wherein M represents one element selected from alkaline metals, including specific four steps. Another one of specifically disclosed is particulate alkali metal niobate represented by the formula (1) having a substantially rectangular cuboid shape, wherein the substantially rectangular cuboid shape has a longest side and a shortest side, the length of the longest side represented by an index Lmax is 0.10 to 25 ?m, and the length of the shortest side represented by an index Lmin is 0.050 to 15 ?m.

Abstract: Catalyst composition represented by the general formula REVO/S wherein RE is at least one of the group of rare earth metals Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er and Yb in an amount of up to 6.0 wt.-%; V is vanadium in an amount of 0.2-2.5 wt.-%; O is oxygen in an amount of up to 3.5 wt.-%; and S is a support containing TiO2 in an amount of at least 70 wt.-%, with the rest being WO3 and optionally SiO2. This catalyst composition shows high removal efficiencies for NOx even after aging at 750° C.

Abstract: Process for purifying vanadium oxide that includes cationic exchange resin and solvent extraction.

Abstract: Embodiments may pertain to methods for preparing a transition metal oxide.

Abstract: Porous metal oxides are provided. The porous metal oxides are prepared by heat treating a coordination polymer. A method of preparing the porous metal oxide is also provided. According to the method, the shape of the particles of the metal oxide can be easily controlled, and the shape and distribution of pores of the porous metal oxide can be adjusted.

Abstract: Provided is a novel catalyst that can produce acrolein and acrylic acid in high yields using glycerol as starting material. The disclosed glycerol dehydration catalyst has niobic oxide synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis as the main component.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of making metal oxide and mixed metal oxide particles. The method includes treating a mixture formed from a metal source, such as metal alkoxide, a surfactant, and a first alcohol in an aqueous media at a very high metal oxide yield. The mixture is reacted using a catalyst to form metal oxide particles having a desired particle size in said mixture. The method is particularly suitable for forming silica particles. The metal oxide particles can then be heat treated to form synthetic fused metal oxides such as, for example, synthetic fused silica.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to insulation components and their use, e.g., in regenerative reactors. Specifically, a process and apparatus for managing temperatures from oxidation and pyrolysis reactions in a reactor, e.g., a thermally regeneratating reactor, such as a regenerative, reverse-flow reactor is described in relation to the various reactor components.

Abstract: Process for the production of doped metal oxide particles, wherein the doping component is present on the surface in the form of domains, wherein in a first reaction zone, an oxidizable and/or —hydrolysable metal compound as dopant together with an atomization gas is atomized into a flow of metal oxide particles in a carrier gas, wherein the mass flow of the metal oxide particles und —the mass flow of the dopant are selected such that the doped metal oxide particles contain 10 ppm to 10 wt.

Abstract: The current invention relates to a method of making metal oxide nanoparticles comprising the reaction of—at least one metal oxide precursor (P) containing at least one metal (M) with—at least one monofunctional alcohol (A) wherein the hydroxy group is bound to a secondary, tertiary or alpha-unsaturated carbon atom—in the presence of at least one aliphatic compound (F) according to the formula Y1—R1—X—R2—Y2, wherein—R1 and R2 each are the same or different and independently selected from aliphatic groups with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, —Y1 and Y2 each are the same or different and independently selected from OH, NH2 and SH, and —X is selected from the group consisting of chemical bond, —O—, —S—, —NR3—, and CR4R5, wherein R3, R4 and R5 each are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic group with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms which optionally carries functional groups selected from OH, NH2 and SH.

Abstract: A new electroactive material of formula H4V3O8 obtainable from H2V3O8 is described as well as a method for its production, an electroactive cathode coating material comprising this electroactive material, a method for its production and cathodes as well as aqueous and non aqueous, rechargeable and non rechargeable batteries comprising such cathodes.

Abstract: A mesoporous metal oxide materials with a chiral organization; and a method for producing it, in the method a polymerizable metal oxide precursor is condensed inside the pores of chiral nematic mesoporous silica by the so-called “hard templating” method. As a specific example, mesoporous titanium dioxide is formed inside of a chiral nematic silica film templated by nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). After removing the silica template such as by dissolving the silica in concentrated aqueous base, the resulting product is a mesoporous titania with a high surface area. These mesoporous metal oxide materials with high surface area and chiral nematic structures that lead to photonic properties may be useful for photonic applications as well as enantioselective catalysis, photocatalysis, photovoltaics, UV filters, batteries, and sensors.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrochemical cell which includes a first electrode having a electrode active material, a second electrode which is a counter electrode to the first electrode, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode active material is represented by the general formula AaVbNbc(PO4)3, wherein 0<a<9, and 0<b,c<2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the production of nanoparticulate metal(III) vanadates or vanadate/phosophate mixed crystals, comprising the reaction in a reaction medium of a reactive vanadate source and optionally a phosphate source dissolvable or dispersible in the reaction medium and of a reactive metal(III) salt dissolvable or dispersible in the reaction medium under heating, wherein the reaction medium contains water and a polyol in a volume ratio of 20/80 to 90/10, and the particles thereby obtained. The synthesis provides a high yield of metal(III) vanadate or vanadate/phosphate having a narrow particle size distribution. Doped embodiments thereof are distinguished by excellent luminescence properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing nanoparticles of at least one oxide of a transition metal selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb and Ta, which are coated with amorphous carbon, wherein said method includes the following successive steps: (i) a liquid mixture containing as precursors at least one alkoxyde of the transition metal, an alcohol, and an acetic acid relative to the transition metal is prepared and diluted in water in order to form an aqueous solution, the precursors being present in the solution according to a molar ratio such that it prevents or sufficiently limits the formation of a sol so that the aqueous solution can be freeze-dried, and such that the transition metal, the carbon and the oxygen are present in a stoichiometric ratio according to which they are included in the nanoparticles; (ii) the aqueous solution is freeze-dried; (ii) the freeze-dried product obtained during the preceding step is submitted to pyrolysis under vacuum or in an inert atmosphere in order to obtain the nano

Abstract: Vanadium oxide nanoparticles prepared by an inverse micelle hydrolysis of vanadium alkoxide in the presence of a basic catalyst.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a metal salt-containing composition which is applicable to many metal source materials, and can be used for forming a compact and uniform metal oxide film comparable to those formed according to a sputtering method, as well as to provide a substrate having a metal complex film on the surface thereof obtained using the metal salt-containing composition, and a substrate having a metal complex film on the surface thereof obtained by further heating the substrate. Moreover, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a substrate having such a metal complex film on the surface thereof. According to the present invention, a metal salt-containing composition containing a metal salt, a polyvalent carboxylic acid having a cis-form structure, and a solvent, in which: the molar ratio of the polyvalent carboxylic acid to the metal salt is not less than 0.5 and not more than 4.

Abstract: A crystal structure is provided to improve a characteristic of an electrode material, such as vanadium oxide. In the crystal structure, an amorphous state and a layered crystal state coexist at a predetermined ratio in a layered crystalline material such as vanadium oxide. In the layered crystalline material having such a layered crystal structure, layered crystal particles having a layer length L1 of 30 nm or shorter are formed. Ions are easily intercalated to and deintercalated from between the layers. When such a material is used for the positive electrode active material, a nonaqueous lithium secondary battery of which the discharge capacity and the cycle characteristic are good is manufactured.

Abstract: A process comprises (a) combining (1) at least one base and (2) at least one metal carboxylate salt comprising (i) a metal cation selected from metal cations that form amphoteric metal oxides or oxyhydroxides and (ii) a carboxylate anion comprising from one to four alkyleneoxy moieties, or metal carboxylate salt precursors comprising (i) at least one metal salt comprising the metal cation and a non-interfering anion and (ii) at least one carboxylic acid comprising from one to four alkyleneoxy moieties, at least one salt of the carboxylic acid and a non-interfering, non-metal cation, or a mixture thereof; and (b) allowing the base and the metal carboxylate salt or metal carboxylate salt precursors to react.

Abstract: Provided is a resistor film comprising vanadium oxide as a main component, wherein metal-to-insulator transition is indicated in the vicinity of room temperature in temperature variations of electric resistance, there is no hysteresis in a resistance change in response to temperature variations or the temperature width is small at less than 1.5K even if there is hysteresis, and highly accurate measurement can be provided when used in a bolometer. Upon producing the resistor film comprising vanadium oxide as a main component by treating a coating film of an organovanadium compound via laser irradiation or the like, a crystalline phase and a noncrystalline (amorphous) phase are caused to coexist in the resistor film.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fabrication method for an electrode active material, and a lithium battery comprising an electrode active material fabricated therefrom. The fabrication method for an electrode active material comprises preparing an aqueous solution by dissolving a precursor that can simultaneously undergo positive ion substitution and surface-reforming processes in water; mixing and dissolving raw materials for an electrode active material with a composition ratio for a final electrode active material in the aqueous solution, thereby preparing a mixed solution; removing a solvent from the mixed solution, thereby forming a solid dry substance; thermal- processing the solid dry substance; and crushing the thermal-processed solid dry substance.