Abstract: Provided is a fluorine-doped tin oxide support, a platinum catalyst for a fuel cell having the same, and a method for producing the same. Also described is a high electrical conductivity and electrochemical durability by doping fluorine to the tin oxide-based support through an electrospinning process. Thus, while resolving a degradation issue of the carbon support in the conventional commercially available platinum/carbon (Pt/C) catalyst, what is designed is to minimize an electrochemical elution of dopant or tin, which is a limitation of the tin oxide support itself and has excellent performance as a catalyst for a fuel cell.

Abstract: A composition for glass, and aluminosilicate glass, preparation method therefor, and use thereof. In molar percentage, in the composition, the total content of SiO2, B2O3, P2O5, GeO2 and TeO2 is 60˜85 mol %; the total content of Al2O3 and Ga2O3 is 3˜20 mol %; the total content of ZnO and Y2O3 is 0.1˜5 mol %; and the total content of alkaline earth metal oxide is 4˜30 mol %. The glass has a high strain point, a low melting temperature, and a high thermal expansion coefficient, has good toughness, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for forming sol-gels, sol-gel films and substrates, such as vehicle components, having a sol-gel film disposed thereon. At least one method of forming a sol-gel includes mixing a metal alkoxide, an acid stabilizer, and an organic solvent to form a first mixture having about 10 wt % or less water content based on the total weight of the first mixture. The method includes mixing an organosilane with the first mixture to form a second mixture having about 10 wt % or less water content based on the total weight of the second mixture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a secondary battery, including a positive electrode plate composed of an inorganic material including a positive electrode active material in an oxide form and having a thickness of 25 ?m or more; a negative electrode plate composed of an inorganic material including a negative electrode active material in an oxide form and having a thickness of 25 ?m or more; and an inorganic solid electrolyte layer, wherein the secondary battery is chargeable and dischargeable at a temperature of 100° C. or more. The present invention can provide rapid charge/discharge at a high cycle capacity retention and increase the capacity of the secondary battery.

Abstract: An essentially carbon-free cathode for a lithium/air secondary battery and methods for making are provided. The cathode includes a hollow porous conductive metal oxide particle such as indium tin oxide, an optional functional layer, and an electrically conductive binder.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to the field of tin electroplating. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to methods for mitigating tin whisker formation on tin-plated films and tin-plated surfaces by doping the tin with germanium.

Abstract: The following invention relates to a novel and efficient nanoparticles synthesis reactor and process production. More particularly, the present invention is applied to the synthesis of nanostructured tin dioxide. The benefits provided by the invention can be seen in various gaseous reactions where occurs the formation of solid and gaseous phases.

Abstract: A hydrogen-free amorphous dielectric insulating film having a high material density and a low density of tunneling states is provided. The film is prepared by e-beam deposition of a dielectric material on a substrate having a high substrate temperature Tsub under high vacuum and at a low deposition rate. In an exemplary embodiment, the film is amorphous silicon having a density greater than about 2.18 g/cm3 and a hydrogen content of less than about 0.1%, prepared by e-beam deposition at a rate of about 0.1 nm/sec on a substrate having Tsub=400° C. under a vacuum pressure of 1×10?8 Torr.

Abstract: Methods of treating of stannous oxide particles having at least a partial surface crust of stannic oxide by contacting the particles with a reducing agent for a period of time sufficient to produce stannous oxide are provided. The stannous oxide particles produced are readily soluble in organic sulfonic acids.

Abstract: A treatment fluid comprises: a metal oxide, wherein the metal oxide is capable of forming a chelate complex or coordination complex with a ligand, wherein the chelate complex or coordination complex has a setting time of less than 90 minutes at a temperature of 71° F. and a pressure of 1 atmosphere. A method of treating a portion of a subterranean formation comprises: introducing the treatment fluid into the subterranean formation; allowing or causing a chelate complex or coordination complex to form between the metal oxide and a ligand; and allowing or causing the chelate complex or coordination complex to set.

Abstract: Glasses are provided that are highly transparent and have very good resistance to solarisation. The resistance to solarisation is favoured to a special extent by the production method. The concentrations of reduced polyvalent ion species are reduced by targeted use of bubbling with an oxidising gas. Methods for producing glasses and to the uses thereof, particularly as core glasses in optical waveguides, are also provided.

Abstract: A tin oxide particle having a structure characterized by peaks in Raman spectroscopy at at least 37±9 cm?1, 57±9 cm?1, 97±9 cm?1, 142±9 cm?1, 205±9 cm?1, 255±9 cm?1. The tin oxide particle preferably has an infrared transmittance of 80% or less at a wavelength of 1500 nm. The tin oxide particle preferably exhibits electroconductivity. The tin oxide particle is preferably substantially free from a dopant element that develops electroconductivity.

Abstract: An agent that is capable of improving dye fastness is provided. The agent includes a compound that includes at least one functional group capable of forming at least one interaction or at least one bond with a fiber or a dye molecule. Also, a method for using the agents to improve dye fastness and a dyed article including the agent are provided.

Abstract: A method of preparing an organic light-emitting device having excellent sealing characteristics against external environment and flexibility.

Abstract: A system and method thereof are provided for multi-stage processing of one more precursor compounds into a battery material. The system includes a mist generator, a drying chamber, one or more gas-solid separators, and one or more in-line reaction modules comprised of one or more gas-solid feeders, one or more gas-solid separators, and one or more reactors. Various gas-solid mixtures are formed within the internal plenums of the drying chamber, the gas-solid feeders, and the reactors. In addition, heated air or gas is served as the energy source within the processing system and as the gas source for forming the gas-solid mixtures to facilitate reaction rate and uniformity of the reactions therein. Precursor compounds are continuously delivered into the processing system and processed in-line through the internal plenums of the drying chamber and the reaction modules into final reaction particles useful as a battery material.

Abstract: Provided are methods for producing nanostructures and nanostructures obtained thereby. The methods include heating a certain point of a substrate dipped into a precursor solution of the nanostructures so that the nanostructures are grown in a liquid phase environment without evaporation of the precursor solution. The methods show excellent cost-effectiveness because of the lack of a need for precursor evaporation at high temperature. In addition, unlike the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) process performed in a vapor phase, the method includes growing nanostructures in a liquid phase environment, and thus provides excellent safety and eco-friendly characteristics as well as cost-effectiveness. Further, the method includes locally heating a substrate dipped into a precursor solution merely at a point where the nanostructures are to be grown, so that the nanostructures are grown directly at a desired point of the substrate. Therefore, it is possible to grow and produce nanostructures directly in a device.

Abstract: A process for preparing a mesoporous metal oxide, i.e., transition metal oxide, Lanthanide metal oxide, a post-transition metal oxide and metalloid oxide. The process comprises providing a micellar solution comprising a metal precursor, an interface modifier, a hydrotropic ion precursor, and a surfactant; and heating the micellar solution at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to form the mesoporous metal oxide. A mesoporous metal oxide prepared by the above process. A method of controlling nano-sized wall crystallinity and mesoporosity in mesoporous metal oxides. The method comprises providing a micellar solution comprising a metal precursor, an interface modifier, a hydrotropic ion precursor, and a surfactant; and heating the micellar solution at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to control nano-sized wall crystallinity and mesoporosity in the mesoporous metal oxides. Mesoporous metal oxides and a method of tuning structural properties of mesoporous metal oxides.

Abstract: A process comprises (a) combining (1) at least one base and (2) at least one metal carboxylate salt comprising (i) a metal cation selected from metal cations that form amphoteric metal oxides or oxyhydroxides and (ii) a lactate or thiolactate anion, or metal carboxylate salt precursors comprising (i) at least one metal salt comprising the metal cation and a non-interfering anion and (ii) lactic or thiolactic acid, a lactate or thiolactate salt of a non-interfering, non-metal cation, or a mixture thereof; and (b) allowing the base and the metal carboxylate salt or metal carboxylate salt precursors to react.

Abstract: An agent that is capable of improving dye fastness is provided. The agent includes a compound that includes at least one functional group capable of forming at least one interaction or at least one bond with a fiber or a dye molecule. Also, a method for using the agents to improve dye fastness and a dyed article including the agent are provided.

Abstract: A treatment fluid comprises: a metal oxide, wherein the metal oxide is capable of forming a chelate complex or coordination complex with a ligand, wherein the chelate complex or coordination complex has a setting time of less than 90 minutes at a temperature of 71° F. and a pressure of 1 atmosphere. A method of treating a portion of a subterranean formation comprises: introducing the treatment fluid into the subterranean formation; allowing or causing a chelate complex or coordination complex to form between the metal oxide and a ligand; and allowing or causing the chelate complex or coordination complex to set.

Abstract: The invention relates to the low temperature recovery of lead oxide (PbO) from lead acid battery paste through the preparation of lead carboxylate from the battery paste and the conversion of the lead carboxylate to PbO.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an amorphous semiconductor material and TFTs containing the material. The semiconductor material contains a single cation, such as zinc, and multiple anions. For the multiple anions, only one of the anions can be oxygen or nitrogen. The anions compete with each other to twist the resulting structure. For example, if one of the anions bonded with the cation would result in a cubic structure, and another of the anions bonded with the cation would result in a hexagonal structure, the competing anions would twist the resulting structure so that the structure remains amorphous rather than crystalline. Further, because a single cation is utilized, there is no grain boundary and thus, the material has a high mobility.

Abstract: Methods of producing a metal oxide are disclosed. The method comprises dissolving a metal salt in a reaction solvent to form a metal salt/reaction solvent solution. The metal salt is converted to a metal oxide and a caustic solution is added to the metal oxide/reaction solvent solution to adjust the pH of the metal oxide/reaction solvent solution to less than approximately 7.0. The metal oxide is precipitated and recovered. A method of producing adsorption media including the metal oxide is also disclosed, as is a precursor of an active component including particles of a metal oxide.

Abstract: The present invention describes a composition and a method for producing mesoporous silica materials with a chiral organization. In the method, a polymerizable inorganic monomer is reacted in the presence of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) to give a material of inorganic solid with cellulose nanocrystallites embedded in a chiral nematic organization. The NCC can be removed to give a stable porous structure that retains the chiral organization of the NCC template. The new materials may be obtained as iridescent free-standing films with high surface area. Through control of the reaction conditions, the color of the films can be varied across the entire visible spectrum. These are the first materials to combine mesoporosity with long-range chiral ordering that leads to photonic properties.

Abstract: Porous metal oxides are provided. The porous metal oxides are prepared by heat treating a coordination polymer. A method of preparing the porous metal oxide is also provided. According to the method, the shape of the particles of the metal oxide can be easily controlled, and the shape and distribution of pores of the porous metal oxide can be adjusted.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of nanowires of metal oxides with dopant elements in lower valence state. The nanomaterials/materials with dopants in lower valence state are important as these exhibit markedly different characteristics than higher valence state materials of same composition. Nanowires show markedly enhanced properties in lateral direction. The invented process presents a procedure for preparation of different types of nanowires in oxide form that are useful for different applications. In this a precursor is ignited in a specially designed container/enclosure that produces the product with the described features. The process is simple and involves a single step/stage is of very short time per batch. The invention provides a process, which gives controlled size of nanowires and is suitable for the production of nanowires/nanomaterials of desired metal oxides with dopant elements in valence state.

Abstract: Methods of preparing stannous oxide including neutralizing a solution of divalent tin ions in a mineral acid using a weak base, followed by heating the neutralized solution optionally under an inert atmosphere are provided. The stannous oxide particles produced are readily soluble in alkyl sulfonic acids.

Abstract: A method for producing particles containing a metal oxide is provided, and the method includes: feeding a metal oxide sol having a pH of 7 or higher and containing metal oxide colloidal particles as dispersoids and water as a dispersion medium, into a liquid containing a solvent having a solubility in 20° C. water of 0.05 g/100 ml or more and having a relative permittivity of 30 or lower (protic solvent) or of 40 or lower (aprotic solvent) at 20° C., and thereby forming aggregates of the metal oxide colloidal particles in the liquid; and subjecting the aggregates to a treatment such as drying and heating, and thereby converting the aggregates into particles that are insoluble in water. By appropriately selecting the solvent, particles can be obtained in the form of flakes, fibers, spheres, and the like.

Abstract: Methods are described that have the capability of producing submicron/nanoscale particles, in some embodiments dispersible, at high production rates. In some embodiments, the methods result in the production of particles with an average diameter less than about 75 nanometers that are produced at a rate of at least about 35 grams per hour. In other embodiments, the particles are highly uniform. These methods can be used to form particle collections and/or powder coatings. Powder coatings and corresponding methods are described based on the deposition of highly uniform submicron/nanoscale particles.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing indium tin oxide nanowires by preparing a solution that includes an indium-containing species, a tin-containing species and a polymeric material, wherein the solution has a molar ratio of tin to indium in a range from about 5 to about 15 percent, electrospinning fibers using the solution, and heating the fibers to a calcination temperature and maintaining the fibers at the calcination temperature for a predetermined calcination time.

Abstract: A tin oxide particle having a structure characterized by peaks in Raman spectroscopy at at least 37±9 cm?1, 57±9 cm?1, 97±9 cm?1, 142±9 cm?1, 205±9 cm?1, 255±9 cm?1. The tin oxide particle preferably has an infrared transmittance of 80% or less at a wavelength of 1500 nm. The tin oxide particle preferably exhibits electroconductivity. The tin oxide particle is preferably substantially free from a dopant element that develops electroconductivity.

Abstract: Process for the production of doped metal oxide particles, wherein the doping component is present on the surface in the form of domains, wherein in a first reaction zone, an oxidizable and/or —hydrolysable metal compound as dopant together with an atomization gas is atomized into a flow of metal oxide particles in a carrier gas, wherein the mass flow of the metal oxide particles und —the mass flow of the dopant are selected such that the doped metal oxide particles contain 10 ppm to 10 wt.

Abstract: A method of preparing an organic light-emitting device having excellent sealing characteristics against external environment and flexibility.

Abstract: The current invention relates to a method of making metal oxide nanoparticles comprising the reaction of—at least one metal oxide precursor (P) containing at least one metal (M) with—at least one monofunctional alcohol (A) wherein the hydroxy group is bound to a secondary, tertiary or alpha-unsaturated carbon atom—in the presence of at least one aliphatic compound (F) according to the formula Y1—R1—X—R2—Y2, wherein—R1 and R2 each are the same or different and independently selected from aliphatic groups with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, —Y1 and Y2 each are the same or different and independently selected from OH, NH2 and SH, and —X is selected from the group consisting of chemical bond, —O—, —S—, —NR3—, and CR4R5, wherein R3, R4 and R5 each are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic group with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms which optionally carries functional groups selected from OH, NH2 and SH.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of nanoparticles or nanostructured particles with the help of a 2-emulsion method, particles being produced through targeted coalescence of miniemulsions in a high-pressure homogenized.

Abstract: A tin oxide particle having at least two diffraction peaks at 2? (deg) of 9±1° and 28±1° in XRD measurement by Cu/K? radiation. The tin oxide particle preferably shows diffraction peaks at 2? (deg) of 19±1°, 48±1°, and 59±1°. The tin oxide particle preferably has electroconductivity. The tin oxide particle is preferably produced by mixing an aqueous solution containing tin (II) and a hydroxyl-containing organic compound in a heated condition with an alkali.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrogen production method from water by using germanium oxide, more precisely a hydrogen and oxygen production method from water by thermochemical cycles using germanium oxide. The method of the present invention facilitates the production of hydrogen by multi-step thermochemical cycle using germanium oxide, so that it is characterized by that the thermochemical cycle is low temperature reaction and only water is consumed and other materials are not consumed but circulated.

Abstract: Methods are described that have the capability of producing submicron/nanoscale particles, in some embodiments dispersible, at high production rates. In some embodiments, the methods result in the production of particles with an average diameter less than about 75 nanometers that are produced at a rate of at least about 35 grams per hour. In other embodiments, the particles are highly uniform. These methods can be used to form particle collections and/or powder coatings. Powder coatings and corresponding methods are described based on the deposition of highly uniform submicron/nanoscale particles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method for synthesizing one-dimensional helical mesoporous structure, in which a self-assembled structure of a glycine-derived surfactant is used as a template at room temperature to synthesize the one-dimensional helical mesoporous silica structures having a uniform pore size and a method for synthesizing a glycine-derived surfactant for synthesizing the helical nanoporous structures, in which relatively expensive surfactant can be easily recovered using an organic solvent and reused, which provides economical and environment friendly effects and the glycine-derived surfactant is synthesized by homogeneously heating a reaction product of glycine and phthalic anhydride by dielectric heating with irradiation of microwave, whereby it is possible to realize high yield of the glycine-derived surfactant, shortened synthesis time and increase in energy efficiency, leading to improvement in productivity and reduction in production cost.

Abstract: A mesoporous metal oxide materials with a chiral organization; and a method for producing it, in the method a polymerizable metal oxide precursor is condensed inside the pores of chiral nematic mesoporous silica by the so-called “hard templating” method. As a specific example, mesoporous titanium dioxide is formed inside of a chiral nematic silica film templated by nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). After removing the silica template such as by dissolving the silica in concentrated aqueous base, the resulting product is a mesoporous titania with a high surface area. These mesoporous metal oxide materials with high surface area and chiral nematic structures that lead to photonic properties may be useful for photonic applications as well as enantioselective catalysis, photocatalysis, photovoltaics, UV filters, batteries, and sensors.

Abstract: Methods of preparing stannous oxide including neutralizing a solution of divalent tin ions in a mineral acid using a weak base, followed by heating the neutralized solution optionally under an inert atmosphere are provided. The stannous oxide particles produced are readily soluble in alkyl sulfonic acids.

Abstract: In one preferred embodiment, a photocatalyst for conversion of carbon dioxide and water to a hydrocarbon and oxygen comprises at least one nanoparticulate metal or metal oxide material that is substantially free of a carbon coating, prepared by heating a metal-containing precursor compound in a sealed reactor under a pressure autogenically generated by dissociation of the precursor material in the sealed reactor at a temperature of at least about 600° C. to form a nanoparticulate carbon-coated metal or metal oxide material, and subsequently substantially removing the carbon coating. The precursor material comprises a solid, solvent-free salt comprising a metal ion and at least one thermally decomposable carbon- and oxygen-containing counter-ion, and the metal of the salt is selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ti, Sn, V, Fe, Zn, Zr, Mo, Nb, W, Eu, La, Ce, In, and Si.

Abstract: A sorbent for sorbing radioactive ions is described. The sorbent comprises a porous crystalline powder of a metal oxide or mixed metal oxide. A process for making the sorbent comprises the steps of reacting a metal halide or a mixture of metal halides and an alcohol to form a gel; heating the gel to form a particulate material; exposing the particulate material to an oxidant to form a powder; and heating the powder to a temperature sufficient to at least partially melt or sinter particles of the powder so as to form the sorbent.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing metal oxide nanofibers includes a jetting unit, a mixing unit, a heating unit, and a cooling unit. The jetting unit jets particles made of a metal. The mixing unit prepares a mixture by mixing the metal particles and a gas containing an oxidizing component that includes oxygen in molecules of the component. The heating unit heats the mixture to raise the temperature of the mixture up to a temperature at which the metal evaporates. The cooling unit cools the product thus-produced in the heating unit.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method of producing a crystalline metal oxide nanostructure. The method comprises providing a metal salt solution and providing a basic solution; placing a porous membrane between the metal salt solution and the basic solution, wherein metal cations of the metal salt solution and hydroxide ions of the basic solution react, thereby producing a crystalline metal oxide nanostructure.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide materials and methods of forming a metal oxide composite and a porous metal oxide, which can be used for applications including catalysis, sensors, energy storage, solar cells, heavy metal removal and separations, etc. In one embodiment, a one-step solvothermal process can be used to form the metal oxide phase with high crystallinity and high surface area.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material for an electricity storage device comprises at least SnO as a composition thereof. When a binding energy value of an electron on a Sn 3d5/2 orbital of a Sn atom in the negative electrode active material for an electricity storage device is defined as Pl and a binding energy value of an electron on a Sn 3d5/2 orbital of a metal Sn is defined as Pm, (Pl?Pm) is 0.01 to 3.5 eV.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for the preparation of high purity stannous oxide comprising: (a) reacting a Sn salt with a C2-12 dicarboxylic acid in the aqueous phase to form a suspension comprising a Sn-dicarboxylate complex; (b) washing the Sn-dicarboxylate complex with water to obtain a wash solution comprising a washed Sn-dicarboxylate complex essentially free of the anion of the Sn salt; and (c) reacting the washed Sn-dicarboxylate complex with a base to form high purity SnO, wherein the high purity SnO has an alpha radiation count of less than about 0.002 cph/cm2.

Abstract: A method of forming a metal oxide nanostructure comprises disposing a chelated oligomeric metal oxide precursor on a solvent-soluble template to form a first structure comprising a deformable chelated oligomeric metal oxide precursor layer; setting the deformable chelated oligomeric metal oxide precursor layer to form a second structure comprising a set metal oxide precursor layer; dissolving the solvent-soluble template with a solvent to form a third structure comprising the set metal oxide precursor layer; and thermally treating the third structure to form the metal oxide nanostructure.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a metal salt-containing composition which is applicable to many metal source materials, and can be used for forming a compact and uniform metal oxide film comparable to those formed according to a sputtering method, as well as to provide a substrate having a metal complex film on the surface thereof obtained using the metal salt-containing composition, and a substrate having a metal complex film on the surface thereof obtained by further heating the substrate. Moreover, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a substrate having such a metal complex film on the surface thereof. According to the present invention, a metal salt-containing composition containing a metal salt, a polyvalent carboxylic acid having a cis-form structure, and a solvent, in which: the molar ratio of the polyvalent carboxylic acid to the metal salt is not less than 0.5 and not more than 4.