By Reacting Water Or Aqueous Solution With Metal Or Compound Thereof Patents (Class 423/657)
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Patent number: 12049814Abstract: The disclosed embodiments include methods to monitor expansion of a metallic sealant deployed in a wellbore, methods to monitor downhole fluid displacement, and downhole metallic sealant measurement systems. The method to monitor expansion of a downhole metallic sealant includes deploying a metallic sealant deployed along a section of a wellbore. The method also includes exposing the metallic sealant to a reacting fluid to initiate a galvanic reaction. The method further includes measuring a change in temperature caused by the galvanic reaction. The method further includes determining an amount of expansion of the metallic sealant based on the change in the temperature.Type: GrantFiled: October 12, 2022Date of Patent: July 30, 2024Assignee: HALLIBURTON ENERGY SERVICES, INCInventors: Michael Linley Fripp, Stephen Michael Greci, John Todd Broome
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Patent number: 11939217Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnesium-recycling hydrogen generation system includes: a by-product acquisition unit that separates a by-product from a post-reaction solution, which is a solution after reacting with a hydrogen generation material containing a hydrogen-containing magnesium compound that generates hydrogen via a reaction with the solution, to acquire the by-product including more than one type of oxygen-containing magnesium compound that contains oxygen produced by the reaction, a raw material production unit that reacts the by-product with a halogen-containing substance containing halogen and other atoms than the halogen to produce a raw material containing magnesium halide, a hydrogen generation material production unit that reduces the raw material with plasma containing hydrogen to produce the hydrogen generation material, and a hydrogen generator that reacts the hydrogen generation material with the solution to generate hydrogen.Type: GrantFiled: January 15, 2021Date of Patent: March 26, 2024Assignee: SE CORPORATIONInventors: Tsutomu Takizawa, Toshihiro Oishi, Yoshiharu Sawaki, Mineo Morimoto, Yuichi Sakamoto
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Patent number: 11898438Abstract: The disclosed embodiments include methods to monitor expansion of a metallic sealant deployed in a wellbore, methods to monitor downhole fluid displacement, and downhole metallic sealant measurement systems. The method to monitor expansion of a downhole metallic sealant includes deploying a metallic sealant deployed along a section of a wellbore. The method also includes exposing the metallic sealant to a reacting fluid to initiate a galvanic reaction. The method further includes measuring a change in temperature caused by the galvanic reaction. The method further includes determining an amount of expansion of the metallic sealant based on the change in the temperature.Type: GrantFiled: July 31, 2019Date of Patent: February 13, 2024Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: Michael Linley Fripp, Stephen Michael Greci, John Todd Broome
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Patent number: 11845660Abstract: Chemical looping reform methods comprising heating an oxygen carrier in the presence of a catalyst and plasma radicals to react the oxygen carrier with a fuel to provide a reduced oxygen carrier; and contacting the reduced oxygen carrier with water or carbon dioxide to produce hydrogen or carbon monoxide, respectively, and regenerate the oxygen carrier. The chemical looping reform methods are carried out at low temperatures such as from 150° C. to 1000° C., preferably from 150° C. to 500° C. Catalyst used in the chemical looping reform methods include a sintered rare earth metal oxide oxygen carrier and perovskite. Methods of preparing the catalyst are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 2019Date of Patent: December 19, 2023Assignee: The Board of Trustees of The University of AlabamaInventors: Mruthunjaya Uddi, Rajagopalan Varadarajan Ranganathan, Steven M. Fondriest
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Patent number: 11840451Abstract: Materials, kits, and methods are directed to controlling reactability of activated aluminum to produce hydrogen when exposed to water. For example, a moisture-stabilized material may be treatable with one or more additives to form a water-reactive source of hydrogen. The moisture-stabilized material may include a bulk volume including aluminum, at least one activation metal disposed along the aluminum within the bulk volume, the at least one activation metal more noble than the aluminum, and a salt along at least an outer surface of the bulk volume, the salt dissolvable in water to form an ion-containing solution at a rate faster than a reaction rate of water with the aluminum of the bulk volume.Type: GrantFiled: April 27, 2022Date of Patent: December 12, 2023Assignee: LTAG SYSTEMS LLCInventors: Alexander H. Slocum, Jonathan T. Slocum
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Patent number: 11837764Abstract: Methods and devices and aspects thereof for generating power using PEM fuel cell power systems comprising a rotary bed (or rotatable) reactor for hydrogen generation are disclosed. Hydrogen is generated by the hydrolysis of fuels such as lithium aluminum hydride and mixtures thereof. Water required for hydrolysis may be captured from the fuel cell exhaust. Water is preferably fed to the reactor in the form of a mist generated by an atomizer. An exemplary 750 We-h, 400 We PEM fuel cell power system may be characterized by a specific energy of about 550 We-h/kg and a specific power of about 290 We/kg. Turbidity fixtures within the reactor increase turbidity of fuel pellets within the reactor and improve the energy density of the system.Type: GrantFiled: March 4, 2020Date of Patent: December 5, 2023Assignee: Intelligent Energy Inc.Inventors: Jason L. Stimits, Russell Barton, Douglas A. Knight, Iain M. Fraser, Hao Huang, Sandra H. Withers-Kirby, Philbert C. Spencer, Piotr Marcin Kleszyk, Hossein Ostadi
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Patent number: 11718520Abstract: A hydrogen storage system includes a pressure-sealed sleeve defining an interior and having an outlet, a shaft extending through the interior of the sleeve, a set of porous chambers arranged axially along and concentric to the shaft, and a hydrogen storage, wherein at least some hydrogen gas is supplied to the outlet.Type: GrantFiled: January 28, 2021Date of Patent: August 8, 2023Assignee: GE Aviation Systems LimitedInventors: Colin John Halsey, Alexander James Rainbow
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Patent number: 11332366Abstract: Materials, kits, and methods are directed to controlling reactability of activated aluminum to produce hydrogen when exposed to water. For example, a moisture-stabilized material may be treatable with one or more additives to form a water-reactive source of hydrogen. The moisture-stabilized material may include a bulk volume including aluminum, at least one activation metal disposed along the aluminum within the bulk volume, the at least one activation metal more noble than the aluminum, and a salt along at least an outer surface of the bulk volume, the salt dissolvable in water to form an ion-containing solution at a rate faster than a reaction rate of water with the aluminum of the bulk volume.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 2021Date of Patent: May 17, 2022Assignee: LTAG SYSTEMS LLCInventors: Alexander H. Slocum, Jonathan T. Slocum
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Patent number: 11325092Abstract: A device for generating hydrogen gas having two or more storages, each storage storing a reactant or mix of reactants, and each storage coupled to a means of injecting the stored reactant or mix of reactants into a reaction chamber in a controlled manner and at an optimum rate, so that a chemical reaction occurs in the reaction chamber that produces hydrogen gas efficiently.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 2017Date of Patent: May 10, 2022Assignee: HYDROGEN TECH SDN. BHD.Inventors: Chin Yang Chia, Yoke Keen Yee, Albert Kok Foo Ng
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Patent number: 11305989Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of producing hydrogen. The method includes heating a mixture comprising a metal component exhibiting a nanostructured surface, water, and carbon dioxide.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 2018Date of Patent: April 19, 2022Assignee: University of MassachusettsInventors: David K. Ryan, T. A. Mahesh Jayamanna
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Patent number: 11135931Abstract: A mobile fuel cell system includes a fuel cell generator generating a stack output signal. Multiple boost converter circuits converting the stack output signal into multiple recharge signals while in a first mode. A boost converter circuit converting the stack output signal into a local signal while in a second mode. Multiple charging handles connectable to multiple electric vehicles. A switch circuit presenting the recharge signals to the charging handles, remove the recharge signals from the charging handles and present the local signal while in the second mode. An auxiliary load may be connected to the fuel cell generator and the switch circuit. A rechargeable energy storage circuit powers the auxiliary load while in the first mode and stores energy received in the local signal while in the second mode. The auxiliary load is powered with the local signal while in the second mode.Type: GrantFiled: May 28, 2019Date of Patent: October 5, 2021Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLCInventors: Alan B. Martin, Matthew C. Kirklin, Margarita M. Mann, William H. Pettit, Charles E. Freese, V
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Patent number: 10883715Abstract: A power-generation system having a combined heat and power plant and a fermentation plant has an electrolysis plant, which is connected by lines to both the combined heat and power plant and to the fermentation plant. This arrangement enables a method in which heat from a combined heat and power plant can be used for a fermentation plant and additionally heat from an electrolysis plant can be used for the fermentation plant, whilst the oxygen from the electrolysis plant is used for the combined heat and power plant.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 2018Date of Patent: January 5, 2021Assignee: Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt- und EnergietechnikInventors: Robert Von Raven, Ulrich Martin, Max Josef Schoensteiner
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Patent number: 10851452Abstract: A method is disclosed, which can comprise via a transonic gas jet, depositing a thin film of LiPON on a substrate via a directed vapor deposition process. The transonic gas jet transports a thermally evaporated vapor cloud comprising the LiPON, wherein, the transonic gas jet comprises one of (a) substantially entirely nitrogen (N2) gas; or (b) nitrogen (N2) gas as a dopant in a concentration greater than 10% by volume in an inert carrier gas.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 2017Date of Patent: December 1, 2020Inventors: Derek Hass, Daniel Lobo, Daniel Christy
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Patent number: 10280079Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for producing compressed hydrogen, comprising a pressure-resistant reactor (1) with a reactor chamber having a metal-containing contact mass (2), wherein the reactor (1) comprises at least one feed line (3) for feeding fluids into the reactor chamber and at least one discharge line (4) for discharging fluids from the reactor chamber, wherein the at least one discharge line is provided with a device (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) for controlling or regulating the flow rate, preferably having a valve, for adjusting the pressure within the reactor chamber, wherein a conveyance means is provided on at least one feed line for introducing a water-containing medium into the reactor chamber and wherein at least one discharge line (4) protrudes into the reactor chamber or opens directly into the reactor chamber, through which the compressed hydrogen is discharged from the reactor chamber, wherein the reactor chamber exhibits at least two areas that are separate from each other and connectedType: GrantFiled: July 27, 2015Date of Patent: May 7, 2019Assignee: Rouge H2 Engineering GmbHInventors: Stephan Nestl, Viktor Hacker, Gernot Voitic
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Patent number: 10118822Abstract: The present invention is directed to hydrogen production systems and methods of using same. The systems support a hydrogen production reaction that comprises aluminum and a catalyst or wool and van produce hydrogen on-demand. The hydrogen and the heat produced by the systems can be used for many applications, including to power vehicles, heat homes, or power electricity-producing power plants.Type: GrantFiled: January 24, 2014Date of Patent: November 6, 2018Assignee: CLEAN WAVE ENERGY CORPInventor: Gavin Macrae
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Patent number: 10038221Abstract: An exterior body of a secondary battery includes an insertion portion for insertion of a third electrode including metal lithium. An injection and expelling portion through which an electrolyte solution can be replaced is further provided. Specifically, a nonaqueous secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte solution, a separator, and an exterior body covering the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte solution. The exterior body includes a positive electrode terminal to which the positive electrode is electrically connected, a negative electrode terminal to which the negative electrode is electrically connected, and an insertion portion for insertion of a third electrode including metal lithium.Type: GrantFiled: January 26, 2017Date of Patent: July 31, 2018Assignee: Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd.Inventor: Minoru Takahashi
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Patent number: 9979034Abstract: A power generator includes a power generator cavity adapted to receive a fuel cartridge, a protrusion disposed with in the cavity to engage a check valve of the fuel cartridge, a fuel cell to convert hydrogen and oxygen to electricity and to generate water vapor, and a passage to transport hydrogen from the cavity to the fuel cell and water vapor to the cavity.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 2013Date of Patent: May 22, 2018Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.Inventor: Steven J. Eickhoff
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Patent number: 9816727Abstract: This invention is in the field of expandable, exothermic gel-forming compositions that are predominately useful in the consumer products and medical industries. More particularly, it relates to the use of expandable particulate exothermic gel-forming compositions with efficient and long-lasting heat production for heating surfaces and objects without the need for electricity or combustible fuel.Type: GrantFiled: July 26, 2010Date of Patent: November 14, 2017Assignee: Forever Young International, Inc.Inventor: Daniel L. Young
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Patent number: 9663362Abstract: The present invention relates to method for recycling alkaline waste water from a stainless steel slag treatment process wherein stainless steel slag is brought into contact with water thereby producing said waste water, which waste water contains heavy metals, including at least chromium, and has a pH of at least 12. The waste water is recycled by using it for treating an alkaline granular carbonatable material, which contains aluminum metal, in order to oxidize the aluminum metal contained therein. This material is in particular municipal waste incinerator bottom ash which can, after the treatment of the present invention, safely be used as fine or coarse aggregate in bonded applications such as concrete, mortar and asphalt. During the treatment with the alkaline waste water, hydrogen gas is produced which is captured and used to produce energy by means of a cogeneration device.Type: GrantFiled: October 22, 2012Date of Patent: May 30, 2017Assignee: RECMIX BELGIUMInventors: Dirk Van Mechelen, Mieke Quaghebeur, Peter Nielsen
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Patent number: 9617622Abstract: A hydrogen gas generating member includes a metal alloy having dispersed aluminum. The metal alloy includes an Al—X alloy, where X is Sn: 10.1 to 99.5% by mass, Bi: 30.1 to 99.5% by mass, In: 10.1 to 99.5% by mass, Sn +Bi: 20.1 to 99.5% by mass, Sn +In: to 10 to 99.5% by mass, Bi+In: 20.1 to 99.5% by mass, or Sn+Bi+In: 20 to 99.5% by mass. Hydrogen gas is generated by bringing the hydrogen gas generating member into contact with water.Type: GrantFiled: August 11, 2008Date of Patent: April 11, 2017Assignee: Japan Science and Technology AgencyInventors: Kiyohito Ishida, Ryosuke Kainuma, Ikuo Ohnuma, Toshihiro Omori, Yoshikazu Takaku, Takehito Hagisawa
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Patent number: 9216901Abstract: One object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing hydrogen which is able to simply produce hydrogen which is clean energy without using ammonia as used in the background art and which is very high in safety. The method for preparing hydrogen of the present invention is characterized in that hydrogen is generated by introducing mayenite (Ca12Al14O33) and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] into water and allowing them to react with water. Here, it is preferable that a temperature of water is from 50 to 100° C., and a molar ratio of mayenite to calcium hydroxide is 1/9.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 2013Date of Patent: December 22, 2015Assignees: Hitachi Zosen Corporation, Kyoto UniversityInventors: Susumu Hikazudani, Atsushi Wakui, Masaharu Furutera, Hitoshi Oshiro, Tetsuya Inoue, Kazuyuki Hirao
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Patent number: 9133551Abstract: A hydrogen evolution device that liberates hydrogen upon passage of an electric current, wherein an amount of liberated hydrogen is proportional to an amount of the current, includes at least one hydrogen evolution cell including an electrochemically oxidizable anode, a hydrogen cathode and an electrolyte, and at least one heating resistor thermally coupled to the hydrogen cathode directly or via a solid or liquid heat conductor.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 2013Date of Patent: September 15, 2015Assignee: Varta Microbattery GmbHInventor: Martin Krebs
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Patent number: 9061261Abstract: An aluminum-alkali hydroxide recyclable hydrogen generator is provided that enables generation of hydrogen for a consuming apparatus on demand. The hydrogen generator includes a source of aluminum, a source of a hydroxide, a source of water, and a reaction chamber, where the amount of at least one of the aluminum, sodium hydroxide, and water that is introduced into the reaction chamber is used to limit the chemical reaction to control the amount of hydrogen generated.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 2013Date of Patent: June 23, 2015Assignee: Cedar Ridge Research, LLCInventor: Larry W. Fullerton
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Publication number: 20150147260Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the thermochemical generation of hydrogen from water and/or the thermochemical generation of carbon monoxide from carbon dioxide comprising a solid solution of cerium dioxide and uranium dioxide.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 24, 2013Publication date: May 28, 2015Applicant: SAUDI BASIC INDUSTRIES CORPORATIONInventors: Hicham Idriss, Ibraheam Al-Shankiti, Yong Man Choi, Fasia Mohammed Al-Otaibi
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Publication number: 20150132214Abstract: A device includes a case having a surface with a perforation and a cavity. A membrane is supported by the case inside the cavity and has an impermeable valve plate positioned proximate the perforation. The membrane is water vapor permeable and gas impermeable and flexes responsive to a difference in pressure between the cavity and outside the cavity to selectively allow water vapor to pass through the perforation into the cavity as a function of the difference in pressure.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 14, 2013Publication date: May 14, 2015Applicant: Honeywell International Inc.Inventor: Steven J. Eickhoff
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Patent number: 9011814Abstract: Reactive diluent fluid (22) is introduced into a stream of synthesis gas (or “syngas”) produced in a heat-generating unit such as a partial oxidation (“POX”) reactor (12) to cool the syngas and form a mixture of cooled syngas and reactive diluent fluid. Carbon dioxide and/or carbon components and/or hydrogen in the mixture of cooled syngas and reactive diluent fluid is reacted (26) with at least a portion of the reactive diluent fluid in the mixture to produce carbon monoxide-enriched and/or solid carbon depleted syngas which is fed into a secondary reformer unit (30) such as an enhanced heat transfer reformer in a heat exchange reformer process. An advantage of the invention is that problems with the mechanical integrity of the secondary unit arising from the high temperature of the syngas from the heat-generating unit are avoided.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 2013Date of Patent: April 21, 2015Assignee: GTLpetrol LLCInventors: Shoou-I Wang, John Michael Repasky, Shankar Nataraj, Xiang-Dong Peng
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Patent number: 9005572Abstract: A device includes a chemical hydride fuel pellet having a plurality of holes extending from a first end to a second end. A plurality of tubes formed of water vapor permeable and hydrogen impermeable material extend from the first end to the second end through the tubes. A container has an inlet for water vapor containing gas coupled to the first end of the tubes and an outlet coupled to the second end of the tubes. A hydrogen outlet is coupled to the fuel pellet.Type: GrantFiled: October 13, 2010Date of Patent: April 14, 2015Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.Inventor: Steven J. Eickhoff
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Publication number: 20150078987Abstract: One object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing hydrogen which is able to simply produce hydrogen which is clean energy without using ammonia as used in the background art and which is very high in safety. The method for preparing hydrogen of the present invention is characterized in that hydrogen is generated by introducing mayenite (Ca12Al14O33) and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] into water and allowing them to react with water. Here, it is preferable that a temperature of water is from 50 to 100° C., and a molar ratio of mayenite to calcium hydroxide is 1/9.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 11, 2013Publication date: March 19, 2015Inventors: Susumu Hikazudani, Atsushi Wakui, Masaharu Furutera, Hitoshi Oshiro, Tetsuya Inoue, Kazuyuki Hirao
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Patent number: 8974927Abstract: An apparatus for producing hydrogen from an electrolyte solution, in particular an aqueous solution, is described. The apparatus includes a hydrogen-developing body having an electrolyte-contacting surface. The electrolyte-contacting surface of the hydrogen-developing body includes regions formed from magnesium, Mg, zinc, Zn, aluminium, Al, or alloys thereof alternating with regions formed from ferrum, Fe, or a ferrous alloy, Fe alloy. The apparatus may further include means for accumulating hydrogen which has developed on the surface of the body.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 2012Date of Patent: March 10, 2015Assignee: NIM Energy Inc.Inventor: Mark Fertman
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Patent number: 8974765Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing hydrogen using an aluminum-based water-split reaction, in which water is reacted with metallic aluminum, at least one-soluble inorganic salt catalyst that causes progressive pitting of the metallic aluminum, and at least one metal oxide initiator that increases temperature upon exposure to water. The solid reactant materials are differentially distributed in a matrix relative to at least one inlet for introducing water to the matrix. The differential distribution affects at least one characteristic of the reaction, such as the rate, temperature, pressure and products of the reaction, the latter comprising one or more of hydrogen, heat and steam. The water-soluble inorganic salt catalyst may be sodium chloride, potassium chloride and combinations thereof, and the metal oxide initiator may be magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and combinations thereof.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 2010Date of Patent: March 10, 2015Assignee: Novofuel, Inc.Inventors: John F. Boyle, Sean H. McIntosh, David J. Cade
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Patent number: 8968697Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for thermochemical production of hydrogen and oxygen from water by a low temperature, multi-step, closed, cyclic copper-chlorine (Cu—Cl) process involving the reactions of copper and chlorine compounds. A method for production of hydrogen via Cu—Cl thermochemical cycle consists of four thermal reactions and one electrochemical reaction and one unit operation. The cycle involves six steps: (1) hydrogen production step; (2) copper production step; (3) drying step; (4) hydrogen chloride production step; (5) decomposition step; (6) oxygen production step. The net reaction of the sequential process is the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen. The methods for production of copper oxide which comprises contacting copper chloride particles with superheated steam and production of oxygen comprises reaction of copper oxide with dry chlorine as a part of hydrogen production by thermochemical Copper-Chlorine (Cu—Cl) cycle.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 2012Date of Patent: March 3, 2015Assignees: Institute of Chemical Technology, ONGC Energy Centre Trust Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)Inventors: Yadav Ganapati Dadasaheb, Parhad Prakash Santoshrao, Nirukhe Ashwini Bhagavan, Parvatalu Damaraju, Bhardwaj Anil, Prabhu Bantwal Narayana, Thomas Nuzhath Joeman, Kale Dilip Madhusudan
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Publication number: 20150056130Abstract: The present invention provides a continuous production method of hydrogen which is able to produce hydrogen, which is clean energy, simply and continuously without using ammonia. The invention of the continuous production method of hydrogen includes a hydrogen production step comprising introducing mayenite (Ca12Al14O33) and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] into water and allowing them to react with water, thereby generating hydrogen and also forming katoite [Ca3Al2(OH)12]; a regeneration step comprising baking the formed katoite to regenerate mayenite and calcium hydroxide; and a circulation step comprising returning the regenerated mayenite and calcium hydroxide into the hydrogen production step. It is preferable that a temperature of water in the hydrogen production step is from 50 to 100° C., and a molar ratio of mayenite to calcium hydroxide is 1/9. In addition, it is preferable that a baking temperature of katoite in the regeneration step is from 300 to 500° C.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 11, 2013Publication date: February 26, 2015Applicants: Kyoto University, Hitachi Zosen CorporationInventors: Susumu Hikazudani, Atsushi Wakui, Masaharu Furutera, Hitoshi Oshiro, Tetsuya Inoue, Kazuyuki Hirao
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Patent number: 8961168Abstract: The present invention is a means of starting a controlled combustion reaction by introducing sodium borohydride or similar chemical to a liquid or gelatinous fuel. The present invention is also a device for transferring heat having a thermal conductor connected to a catalyst such that the thermal conductor is positioned within a liquid or gelatinous fuel held within a fuel container.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 2011Date of Patent: February 24, 2015Assignee: Global Heating Technologies, GmbHInventors: Lawrence Weber, Giampaolo Vacca, Jeff Poston, Pavlo Bagriy
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Patent number: 8951497Abstract: In the present invention, a method and apparatus for producing hydrogen by thermochemical water splitting are provided. The method for producing hydrogen of the present invention includes a reduction step of heating a high oxidation state redox material in an inert atmosphere to remove oxygen from the high oxidation state redox material, and thereby obtain a low oxidation state redox material and oxygen; and a hydrogen generation step of bringing water into contact with a low oxidation state redox material to oxidize the low oxidation state redox material and reduce the water, and thereby obtain a high oxidation state redox material and hydrogen. In the method for producing hydrogen of the present invention, the reduction step and the hydrogen generation step are performed switchingly in a same reaction vessel. Further, the apparatus for producing hydrogen of the present invention is used for performing the method for producing hydrogen of the present invention.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 2010Date of Patent: February 10, 2015Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Shinichi Takeshima
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Patent number: 8951312Abstract: A compact, chemical-mechanical apparatus, having no electrical components, for storing and generating hydrogen safely, on-demand, at the time and point of use in small or large quantities using the environmentally clean chemical reaction between sodium metal and water to generate hydrogen (H2) gas and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) byproduct is presented, for powering electricity generating fuel cells for large scale commercial and private electric motor vehicle transport. The apparatus of the present invention supports hydrogen gas generation by the controlled addition of liquid water to solid sodium metal to produce hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide using only mechanical components without electrical components that require external power and can generate sparks or short circuits, producing catastrophic failure in hydrogen systems.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 2011Date of Patent: February 10, 2015Inventor: Alvin Gabriel Stern
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Patent number: 8951310Abstract: Disclosed herein are multiple embodiments of a hydrogen generator (10) that measures, transports or stores a single dose of a viscous fuel component from first fuel chamber (12) in storage area (38) when the internal hydrogen pressure (44, 44?) of the hydrogen generator is high, and transports this single dose to a metal hydride fuel component in second fuel chamber (14) when the internal pressure is low, so that the viscous liquid and metal hydride fuel components react together to generate more hydrogen and to restart the cycle. The viscous fuel component can be water or alcohol, such as methanol, in liquid or gel form, and the metal hydride fuel component can be sodium borohydride or other metal hydride that chemically reacts with the viscous fuel to produce hydrogen. The metal hydride fuel component can be in solid or viscous form, e.g., aqueous form.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 2008Date of Patent: February 10, 2015Assignee: Societe BICInventors: Andrew J. Curello, Constance R. Stepan, Anthony Sgroi, Paul Spahr, Michael Curello, Alain Rosenzweig, Kurt Rath
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Publication number: 20150030529Abstract: A method for converting thermal energy to chemical energy by reducing a reactive oxide substrate at a constant temperature under a first atmosphere with a lower oxygen partial pressure, and then contacting the reduced oxide at the same temperature with a second atmosphere with a higher oxygen partial pressure, during which oxygen is driven into the reduced oxide by the oxygen chemical potential difference between the two atmospheres, thereby leaving fuel behind, i.e. producing fuel. A method for preparing the reactive oxide substrate by using liquid media as a binder and pore former and heating the mixture of the reactive oxide and the liquid media, thereby forming the reactive oxide substrate.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 25, 2012Publication date: January 29, 2015Applicant: California Institute of TechnologyInventors: Yong Hao, William C. Chueh, Sossina M. Haile
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Patent number: 8940061Abstract: An apparatus for generating hydrogen for fuel cells is provided. The apparatus includes a housing, a button, a first separating plate, a solid state reactant, and a separating membrane. The housing has an opening and a reservoir. The button connected to the housing covers the opening. The first separating plate disposed in the housing divides the reservoir into first and second sub-rooms. The opening communicates with the first sub-room and the first sub-room is suitable for storing a liquid reactant. The first separating plate has a through hole opposite to the button. The solid state reactant is disposed in the second sub-room. The separating membrane disposed on the through hole separates the first sub-room from the second sub-room. When the button is pushed, the button damages the separating membrane. Therefore, the liquid reactant flows to the second sub-room and reacts with the solid state reactant to generate hydrogen.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 2011Date of Patent: January 27, 2015Assignee: Young Green Energy Co.Inventors: Yu-Hsiang Lin, Po-Kuei Chou, Men-Chi Hsieh
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Patent number: 8940656Abstract: Disclosed are a photocatalyst of CoP2 loaded red phosphorus, a preparation method thereof, and a method for photocatalytic hydrogen production from water under visible light irradiation over the photocatalyst of CoP2 loaded red phosphorus.Type: GrantFiled: September 11, 2013Date of Patent: January 27, 2015Assignee: The Chinese University of Hong KongInventors: Chai Mei Jimmy Yu, Feng Wang
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Patent number: 8932555Abstract: A sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst, in particular, a sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst capable of lowering the temperature required when producing hydrogen by an S—I cycle process is disclosed. A sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst that includes a composite oxide of tungsten, vanadium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of transition metal and rare earth elements is provided. Also, a sulfur dioxide production process that includes decomposing sulfur trioxide into sulfur dioxide and oxygen by using the sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst above is provided. Furthermore, a hydrogen production process, wherein the reaction of decomposing sulfur trioxide into sulfur dioxide and oxygen by an S—I cycle process is performed by the above-described sulfur dioxide production process is provided.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 2012Date of Patent: January 13, 2015Assignees: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, National University Corporation Kumamoto UniversityInventors: Shinichi Takeshima, Masato Machida
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Publication number: 20150010463Abstract: In an embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to photocatalysts with high solar-to-hydrogen overall water splitting efficiency. In an embodiment, the photocatalyst is a nanocrystalline cobalt (II) oxide (CoO) nanoparticle. In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to methods of synthesizing the photocatalysts disclosed herein. Such a method may comprise using femtosecond laser ablation of cobalt oxide micropowders. In some embodiments, such a method comprises mechanical ball milling of cobalt oxide micropowders. In an embodiment, the photocatalyst disclosed herein decomposes water under visible light without the aid of any co-catalysts or sacrificial reagents. In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to methods of splitting water to produce hydrogen.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 2, 2014Publication date: January 8, 2015Applicant: University of HoustonInventors: Jiming Bao, Longb Liao
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Patent number: 8915979Abstract: The present application is directed to a gas-generating apparatus. Hydrogen is generated within the gas-generating apparatus and is transported to a fuel cell. The first fuel component is introduced into the second fuel component through a conduit which punctures a septum separating the reaction chamber and the first fuel component reservoir, and the fuel conduit introduces the first fuel component to different portions of the second fuel component to produce hydrogen.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 2009Date of Patent: December 23, 2014Assignee: Societe BICInventors: Alain Rosenzweig, Kurt Rath
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Publication number: 20140369923Abstract: A hydrogen generator that includes a solid fuel mixture, a liquid reactant, a liquid delivery medium (LDM), a movable boundary interface (MBI), a reaction zone, wherein the MBI provides constant contact between a reacting surface of the solid fuel mixture and the liquid reactant delivered by the LDM to form the reaction zone, and a product separation media, fluidly coupled to the reaction zone by a fluid junction, that degasses a product. The hydrogen generator may further include auxiliary LDMs disposed throughout the hydrogen generator, wherein said auxiliary LDMs may be operated based on a ratio of the liquid reactant flow rate to the hydrogen generation rate.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 11, 2014Publication date: December 18, 2014Inventors: Daniel Braithwaite, Matthieu Jonemann, Tibor Fabian
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Publication number: 20140363369Abstract: An object is to provide a process for providing hydrogen or heavy hydrogens conveniently without the necessity of large-scale equipment and a process capable of performing hydrogenation (protiation, deuteration or tritiation) reaction conveniently without the use of an expensive reagent and a special catalyst. The production process includes a process for producing hydrogen or heavy hydrogens, containing subjecting water or heavy water to mechanochemical reaction in the presence of a catalyst metal, and a process for producing a hydrogenated (protiated, deuterated or tritiated) organic compound, containing subjecting an organic compound and water or heavy water to mechanochemical reaction in the presence of a catalyst metal.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 14, 2014Publication date: December 11, 2014Applicant: Shiono Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hironao SAJIKI, Yasunari MONGUCHI, Yoshinari SAWAMA, Shinichi KONDO
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Publication number: 20140363370Abstract: A catalyst has a long life span and efficiently separates hydrogen from water. A first metal element (Ni, Pd, Pt) for cutting the combination of hydrogen and oxygen and a second metal element (Cr, Mo, W, Fe) for helping the function of the first metal element are melted in alkaline metal hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxide to make a mixture heated at a temperature above the melting point of the hydroxide to eject fine particles from the liquid surface, bringing steam into contact with the fine particles. Instead of this, a mixture of alkaline metal hydroxide and metal oxide is heated at a temperature above the melting point of the alkaline metal hydroxide to make metal compound in which at least two kinds of metal elements are melted, and fine particles are ejected from the surface of the metal compound to be brought into contact with steam.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 21, 2014Publication date: December 11, 2014Inventor: Yasuo ISHIKAWA
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Patent number: 8906341Abstract: Disclosed is a method for storing hydrogen, a method for generating hydrogen, a hydrogen storing device, and a hydrogen generating device. In a disclosed method for storing hydrogen, water that is treated so as to include hydrogen ions in a state the ions can be changed into protium is prepared, and hydrogen is stored by supplying a hydrogen-containing substance or a substance that generates hydrogen, for example, Mg, into the water. Preferably, the hydrogen-containing substance is sodium borohydride (NaBH4). Preferably, the water is ionized hydrogen water treated with a metal hydride, and the metal hydride is at least one among an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a group 13 metal, and a group 14 metal.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 2012Date of Patent: December 9, 2014Assignee: TAANE Co., Ltd.Inventor: Taneaki Oikawa
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Publication number: 20140348742Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for thermochemical production of hydrogen and oxygen from water by a low temperature, multi-step, closed, cyclic copper-chlorine (Cu—Cl) process involving the reactions of copper and chlorine compounds. A method for production of hydrogen via Cu—Cl thermochemical cycle consists of four thermal reactions and one electrochemical reaction and one unit operation. The cycle involves six steps: (1) hydrogen production step; (2) copper production step; (3) drying step; (4) hydrogen chloride production step; (5) decomposition step; (6) oxygen production step. The net reaction of the sequential process is the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen. The methods for production of copper oxide which comprises contacting copper chloride particles with superheated steam and production of oxygen comprises reaction of copper oxide with dry chlorine as a part of hydrogen production by thermochemical Copper-Chlorine (Cu—Cl) cycle.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 9, 2012Publication date: November 27, 2014Inventors: Yadav Ganapati Dadasaheb, Parhad Prakash Santoshrao, Nirukhe Ashwini Bhagavan, Parvatalu Damaraju, Bhardwaj Anil, Prabhu Bantwal Narayana, Thomas Nuzhath Joeman, Kale Dilip Madhusudan
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Patent number: 8895204Abstract: A water reactive hydrogen fueled power system includes devices and methods to combine reactant fuel materials and aqueous solutions to generate hydrogen. The generated hydrogen is converted in a fuel cell to provide electricity. The water reactive hydrogen fueled power system includes a fuel cell, a water feed tray, and a fuel cartridge to generate power for portable power electronics. The removable fuel cartridge is encompassed by the water feed tray and fuel cell. The water feed tray is refillable with water by a user. The water is then transferred from the water feed tray into the fuel cartridge to generate hydrogen for the fuel cell which then produces power for the user.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 2013Date of Patent: November 25, 2014Assignee: Intelligent Energy LimitedInventors: Andrew P. Wallace, John M. Melack, Michael Lefenfeld
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Patent number: 8865118Abstract: The present invention provides a continuous hydrogen production device and method thereof. The device comprises a reaction chamber, a solid raw material inlet, a liquid raw material inlet, a gas outlet, and a temperature controller. The reaction chamber contains an initiation solution, comprising a saturated aluminum hydroxide solution. The solid raw material inlet is used to add aluminum powders into the reaction chamber and the liquid raw material inlet is used to add water into the reaction chamber. The gas outlet is used to collect the produced hydrogen gas. The temperature controller is used to control the temperature of the reaction chamber within a preset reaction temperature range.Type: GrantFiled: January 5, 2012Date of Patent: October 21, 2014Assignee: Chung Yuan Christian UniversityInventors: Hong-Wen Wang, Hsin-Te Teng
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Patent number: 8864857Abstract: An apparatus for generating hydrogen gas from a replaceable aluminum pack comprising an aluminum and hydride mixture encased in a breathable membrane that is raised and lowered into a fluid contained within an enclosed tank wherein contact with the fluid releases hydrogen gas from the aluminum. A pressure transducer and microprocessor chip are provided for monitoring and regulating the rate of hydrogen production by engaging and disengaging a reversible motor that raises and lowers an inner tray on which the aluminum pack resides accordingly.Type: GrantFiled: July 26, 2011Date of Patent: October 21, 2014Inventor: Harlo Mayne