Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of enhancing nicotine or other medicament concentrations in a gaseous carrier. The methods are adaptable to the delivery of nicotine or other medicaments for therapeutic effect in various diseases, in particular nicotine for tobacco product use cessation, substitution and/or harm reduction. The disclosure further relates various devices and device design principles for practicing these methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for the preparation of fidaxomicin by culturing Actinoplanes deccanensis in the culture medium of the invention wherein the fidaxomicin is produced in a yield of greater than 500 mg/L broth. The present invention also provides a whole broth extraction process for the isolation of fidaxomicin from the fermentation broth. The present invention also provides fidaxomicin having purity of greater than 97% area by HPLC.

Abstract: Provided are antimicrobial agents produced from Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria, in particular from bacteria which comprise a cluster of polyketide synthesis genes. Also provided is use of the antimicrobial agents in the treatment of disease. Further provided are methods for producing antimicrobials, methods for detecting antimicrobial producing bacterial strains and kits for use in the methods.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for producing exopolysaccharides by fermenting micro-organisms characterised in that it consists in carrying out the fermentation in a nutrient medium comprising at least a source of carbon available to the micro-organisms and at least a source of nitrogen, said source being derived from a fraction of carob seed.

Abstract: The present invention concerns new antiobiotic substances demoninated de-acyl antibiotics A40926, de-acyl antibiotic A 40926P and antibiotic A 40926 amino glucronyl aglycon, and the use of these substances in the treatment of infectious diseases involving microorganisms susceptible to it.

Abstract: WB2663 substance-producing bacteria belonging to the genus Pseudomonas are cultured to produce a physiologically active substance, from which are isolated neutral substances WB2663A, WB2663B and WB2663C having respective specific rotations[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.23 : -36.degree. (C=0.5, CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2),[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.23 : -12.degree. (C=0.5, CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2),[.alpha.].sub.D.sup.23 : -9.degree. (C=0.5, CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2),These substances have an excellent antitumor effect.

Abstract: A battery is provided comprising an aluminum anode, an alkali aqueous solon of controlled concentration and temperature and a second electrode operates with high anode efficiency.

Abstract: This invention relates to new agents designated LL-F28249.alpha., LL-F28249.beta., LL-F28249.gamma., LL-F28249.delta., LL-F28249.epsilon., LL-F28249.zeta., LL-F28249.eta., LL-F28249.theta., LL-F28249.iota., LL-F28249.kappa., LL-F28249.lambda., LL-F28249.mu., LL-F28249.nu., and LL-F2924.omega., to their production by fermentation, to methods for their recovery and concentration from crude solutions, to processes for their purification and to pharmaceutically and pharmacologically-acceptable salts thereof. The present invention includes within its scope the biologically pure culture which produces there agents, derived from a newly-discovered and previously uncultured microorganism, Streptomyces cyaneogriseus subsp. noncyanogenus, NRRL 15773.

Abstract: An antimycotic agent having a high degree of antimicrobial activity towards Eumycetes and with a level of toxicity lower than that of heptaene antibiotic V-28-3 is disclosed. This compound is a methyl ester derivative of heptaene antibiotic V-28-3.

Abstract: A new antitumor antibiotic designated BMY-40800 is produced by fermentation of Streptomyces hygroscopicus ATCC 53653. The new compound inhibits the growth of tumors in experimental animals.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing an antibiotic D788-7 wherein, after culturing carborubicin-producing bacteria, the obtained culture liquid is extracted in acidic conditions while stirring to be absorbed to synthetic resin, followed by desorption from the resin and elution with acetone and the resulting acetone solution containing carborubicin is converted into an antibiotic D788-7 by photo radiation, for obtaining D788-7 in the purified form from the reaction solution. The production yield for D788-7 is extremely high and its use as an antitumor agent can be made possible.

Abstract: An ear powder and/or drop, containing soluble substances and an insoluble substance which will be spread of the mucous membrane and form a deposit which will act by its physical acitivity as a dilution support for powder active principles and as a sponge for drops.

Abstract: This invention relates to new compounds WF 2015 A and B which have immunosuppressing activity and antitumor activity, to a process for producing WF 2015 A and B by culturing a WF 2015 A and/or B-producing strain belonging to the genus Scolecobasidium in a nutrient medium, and to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-cell battery of electro-chemical cells of the type which is likely to be severely damaged and which is apt to release a substantial quantity of heat when short-circuited.According to the invention, the multi-cell unit is provided with a certain filler in the space between the constituent electrochemical cells, which is either a solid with a melting point in a predetermined range of temperature, or a liquid. The filler ought to be electrically non-conducting, and its quantity ought to have an adequate heat capacity and it ought also to be capable to transfer heat to adjacent cells.

Abstract: Antibiotic A42125, which is produced by a new strain of Nocardia aerocolonigenes, NRRL 18049, is a useful inhibitor of Gram-positive and methane-generating microorganisms. A42125 also increases feed utilization efficiency in ruminants. A biologically purified culture of N. aerocolonigenes NRRL 18049 and a method for producing A42125 by fermentation of this culture are provided.

Abstract: A physiologically-active novel substance "aldostatin" having an estimated molecular formula of C.sub.20 H.sub.20 N.sub.2 O.sub.8 is produced by culturing an aldostatin-producing microorganism of the Pseudeurotium, for example, the Pseudeurotium zonatum M4109 strain. Aldostatin inhibits the aldose reductase activity and as a consequence, avoids abnormal accumulation of sorbitol, galactitol, etc. It is therefore effective for the treatment of chronic complications such as cataract, retinopathy and neuropathy caused by diabetes renalis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for suppressing the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen in plant growth medium or soil and compositions which conserve soil nitrogen and supply soil nitrogen requirements necessary for plant nutrition.

Abstract: A hitherto undescribed microorganism, Streptomyces virginiae NRRL 12525, which upon culturing produces the A41030 antibiotic complex comprising several factors. The A41030 antibiotics produced show antibacterial activity against the gram-positive genera Staphylococcus and Streptococcus which are resistant to penicillin. In addition, these antibiotic act to promote growth and improve feed efficiency in ruminant animals, poultry and swine, and other livestock, and to improve milk production in ruminant animals.

Abstract: A novel antibiotic, awamycin, and its production. Awamycin is active against gram positive bacteria and exhibits growth inhibitory activity against Erhlich ascites and Sarcoma 180 cells. Some of the identifying characteristics of awamycin include a molecular weight of 744.+-.1 (mass spectrum analysis), an elementary analysis of 59.16% C, 6.48% H and 1.88% N; a melting point of 158.degree. C.; an optical rotation of [.alpha.].sub.D 24=+836.degree.. Awamycin is an acidic substance, which provides an orange colored powder, and is poorly soluble in water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new compound, FR-900447, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof having antimicrobial and antitumor activity, to a pharmaceutically composition thereof, and to a process for production thereof by culturing Streptomyces rubropurpureus FERM BP-584 in nutrient medium under aerobic condition.

Abstract: New antibiotic 5057B and process for its preparation. Antibiotic 5057B itself is an acidic material, and its sodium salt has the following physical and chemical properties:(1) Colorless needles(2) Melting point: 143.degree.-145.degree. C.(3) Elementary analysis (Found %): C, 59.96; H, 9.03; O, 27.60; Na, 3.41(4) Specific rotation: [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.25 =+5.5.degree. (C 1, CHCl.sub.3)(5) Maximum absorption in ultraviolet absorption spectrum: .lambda..sub.max.sup.MeOH (E.sub.1 cm.sup.1%) 290 nm (0.88)(6) Characteristic absorption (cm.sup.-1) in infrared absorption spectrum (taken with the potassium bromide tablet: 3480, 3000, 2970, 2812, 1719, 1645, 1595, 1465, 1385, 1160, 1100, 1035, 980(7) Solubility: soluble in methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, ether, acetone, and benzene and so forth; insoluble in water(8) Color reaction: positive in the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reaction; negative in the ninhydrin reaction and the vanilline-sulfuric acid reaction; colors with I.sub.2 gas.

Abstract: Synergistic activity against Candida albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis is obtained when an antifungal imidazole is combined with an antimicrobial agent selected from the group anisomycin, ascomycin, azalomycin F, brefeldin A, copiamycin, EM4940A, or EM4940B.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel antibiotic SF-2107 series substance consisting essentially of Substance SF-2107 A-1, Substance SF-2107 B and/or Substance SF-2107 C, each having the phisico-chemical properties as described in the specification, which substance exhibits an antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and is useful for pharmaceuticals, bactericides, disinfectants, etc. Also disclosed is a process for preparing the substance.

Abstract: A new antibacterial compound, DC-11 is produced by fermentation of a microorganism belonging to the genus Micromonospora. The antibiotic is accumulated in the culture medium and is isolated therefrom.

Abstract: A novel antibiotic C-14482 A.sub.1 is produced by cultivating a microorganism belonging to the genus Nocardia and capable of producing Antibiotic C-14482 A.sub.1 in a culture medium, whereby Antibiotic C-14482 A.sub.1 is elaborated and accumulated in the culture medium, and recovering the same antibiotic.Antibiotic C-14482 A.sub.1 is useful as a germicide or disinfectant.

Abstract: Novel antibiotics C-14482 B.sub.1, B.sub.2 and B.sub.3 are produced by cultivating a microorganism belonging to the genus Nocardia and capable of producing Antibiotics C-14482 B.sub.1, B.sub.2 and/or B.sub.3 in a culture medium, whereby Antibiotics C-14482 B.sub.1, B.sub.2 and/or B.sub.3 are elaborated and accumulated in the cultured broth and are recovered.Antibiotics C-14482 B.sub.1, B.sub.2 and B.sub.3 are useful as a germicide or disinfectant, respectively.

Abstract: A method of treating inflammation comprising topical administration to mammals suffering from an inflammatory condition not associated with amicrobial component, employing selected antibiotics as the anti-inflammatory agent.

Abstract: Novel rifamycin compounds, designated P, Q, R and U, produced by the fermentation of mutant strains of Streptomyces mediterranei.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for the control of coccidiosis using antibiotic K-41 and its non-toxic salts as the active anti-coccidial agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel antibiotic mixture and to the process for its production. This antibiotic mixture comprises a family of new antibiotic substances which may be separated and isolated as individual components.These antibiotic substances are referred to herein as antibiotic 8327 factor A, antibiotic 8327 factor B and antibiotic 8327 factor C.Antibiotic 8327 factor A is in turn a mixture of three fractions which will be referred to herein as teichomycin A.sub.1, teichomycin A.sub.2 and teichomycin A.sub.3. The novel antibiotic mixture is obtained by cultivation of strain Actinoplanes teichomyceticus nov. sp. ATCC 31121.

Abstract: Substance SF-1739 derivatives, Substance SF-1739 HP, Substance SF-1739 HP-C, Substance SF-1739 HP-F, Substance SF-1739 HP-3 and Substance SF-1739 HP-5, the physico-chemical properties of which derivatives are described in the specification; processes for preparing such SF-1739 derivatives; and antimicrobial compositions containing at least one of the said Substance SF-1739 derivatives.

Abstract: A novel antibacterial compound, XK-99, is produced by fermentation of an organism belonging to the genus Micromonospora. The compound is isolated from the microbial cells and culture liquor.

Abstract: A new antibiotic, designated as antibiotic 1745A/X, is produced by the fermentation of the known microorganism Streptomyces antibioticus, ATCC 11891, using the novel compound erythronolide A oxime as the substrate. This new antibiotic is useful an an antibacterial agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to miticidal compositions comprising antibiotic K-41 having a combating effect against a broad variety of mites.

Abstract: A species of Actinoplanes, designated Actinoplanes auranticolor ATCC 31011, when subjected to submerged aerobic fermentation under controlled conditions, produces a mixture of antibiotics which includes a number of macrocyclic lactones and depsipeptides. The individual compounds exhibit significant antibiotic activity. The crude antibiotic mixture or combinations of a pure macrocyclic lactone and a pure depsipeptide demonstrate marked synergistic antibiotic activity. These antibiotics act as growth promotants in chicks and swine and are effective in the treatment of swine dysentery.This mixture of antibiotics is also produced by a species of Actinoplanes designated Actinoplanes azureus ATCC 31157. In addition, this culture produces a mixture of heptaene antibiotics with antifungal properties.

Abstract: Antibiotic rubradirin B producible by the controlled fermentation of the known microorganism Streptomyces achromogenes var. rubradiris, NRRL 3061. This antibiotic and its base-addition salts are active against various microorganisms, for example, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus hemolyticus, Sarcina lutea, and Mycobacterium avium. Accordingly, they can be used in various environments to eradicate or control such microorganisms.

Abstract: Antifungal and antiprotozoal antibiotic lucknomycin is producible by culturing Streptomyces diastatochromogenes var. Krains in an aqueous nutrient medium under submerged aerobic conditions. Lucknomycin is active against Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Aspergillus niger and more particularly against Trichomonas vaginalis.

Abstract: A method of preparing an antibiotic composition which imparts stability to the antibiotic when used in an animal feed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of alkyl esters of polyene antibiotics, wherein a polyene antibiotic is reacted with a diazoalkane in the presence of a basic substance.The present invention also provides, as new materials, alkyl esters of polyene antibiotics in which the alkyl radical of the ester grouping contains 2 or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: A species of Actinoplanes, designated Actinoplanes auranticolor ATCC 31011, when subjected to submerged aerobic fermentation under controlled conditions, produces a mixture of antibiotics which includes a number of macrocyclic lactones and depsipeptides. The individual compounds exhibit significant antibiotic activity. The crude antibiotic mixture or combinations of a pure macrocyclic lactone and a pure depsipeptide demonstrate marked synergistic antibiotic activity. These antibiotics act as growth promotants in chicks and swine and are effective in the treatment of swine dysentery.This mixture of antibiotics is also produced by a species of Actinoplanes designated Actinoplanes azureus ATCC 31157. In addition, this culture produces a mixture of heptaene antibiotics with antifungal properties.

Abstract: A new species of Micromonospora, designated Micromonospora saitamica sp. nov. Routien, when subjected to submerged aerobic fermentation, produces at least four antibiotics. One of these is previously reported rubradirin produced by Streptomyces achromogenes var. rubradiris NRRL 3061.

Abstract: A microorganism of the genus Actinoplanes produces a novel complex of polyene antibiotics herein designated collectively Antibiotic 67-121 (and sometimes referred to as the Antibiotic 67-121 complex). The individual components are designated Antibiotic 67-121A, Antibiotic 67-121B, Antibiotic 67-121C and Antibiotic 67-121D. The individual components have ultraviolet spectra characteristic of heptaenes. Further, they are orally active against a variety of strains of Candida albicans including many clinical isolates thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides the novel antibiotic known as daunorubicin (13057 RP) which has a powerful anti-cancer effect and is also an anti-bacterial agent. This antibiotic is a constituent of a mixture of three antibiotics, called 9865 R.P., produced by aerobic culture of one of the strains of Streptomyces, NRRL 3046 and 3045.

Abstract: This invention relates to antibiotics designated 9865 RP, and its three constituents, hereinafter designated 13057 RP, 13213 RP and 13330 RP and their preparation.

Abstract: The antibiotic daunorubicin is prepared by aerobically cultivating the microorganism Streptomyces griseus, var. rubidofaciens, DS 32,041 (NRRL 3383), or a daunorubicin-producing mutant thereof, using an aqueous nutrient medium containing assimilable sources of carbon, nitrogen and inorganic substances, and separating daunorubicin formed during the culture.

Abstract: A method for moderating the effects of viral infections in animals by administration thereto of a polyether ionophorous antibiotic selected from the group consisting of monensin, A-28086, A28695, A28695A, A28695B, nigericin, and carbomonensin.

Abstract: The novel antibiotic, lipiarmycin, is prepared by cultivating Actinoplanes deccanensis A/10655, ATCC 21983, under aerobic conditions in a fermentation broth, from which it is then recovered.

Abstract: A family of antibiotics active against pathogenic yeasts and fungi comprises aculeacin-A, -B, -C, -D, -E, -F, and -G. These are produced from cultured broth of Aspergillus aculeatus FERM-P 2324.

Abstract: Metabolite A-27106 sodium salt is obtained by reaction of monensin and glucose with an enzyme system produced by submerged aerobic culture of S. candidus NRRL 5449. Metabolite A-27106 and salts thereof are anticoccidial agents and also increase feed-utilization efficiency in ruminants.