Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating cell proliferative diseases comprising a feather of birds and a scale of fish, a scale transformed from the dermis, a degenerated or cornified variant of a scale, or a scale or horny scale of reptiles as an active ingredient. More particularly, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating cell proliferative diseases comprising a mixture of 70˜85 weight % of a feather of birds and 15˜30 weight % of a scale of fish, a scale transformed from the dermis, a degenerated or cornified variant of a scale, or a scale or horny scale of reptiles as an active ingredient. The inventive composition has the effect of inhibiting and preventing growth of cancer cells. Accordingly, the inventive composition may be used for anticancer purposes to prevent, ameliorate or treat cancer.

Abstract: The present invention refers to analog compounds of peptides having the amino acid sequences SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3 or SEQ ID NO: 4, including analgesic peptides derived from snakes of species such as Crotalus durissus terrificus; their uses in the treatment, diagnosis and prevention of painful conditions or mediated by opioid receptors, their pharmaceutical compositions and their methods of preparation and purification, including their uses in the identification of analgesic compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for treating diseases and disorders by administering a composition containing the neurotoxic component of a Clostridium botulinum toxin complex, wherein the composition is devoid of any other protein of the Clostridium botulinum toxin complex and wherein the composition is administered at short intervals and/or in high doses.

Abstract: A homeopathic pain topical analgesic composition based on snake venom is disclosed. The study product also contained of Arnica montana, a homeopathic remedy most frequently used for fractures, bruises, and muscle strains due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. The composition also contained a penetrant component to enhance penetration of the ingredients as well as an analgesic/anti-inflammatory component. The snake venoms used may include those of Naja naja, Crotalus horridus and Lachesis muta. A clinical study of a product formulated in this way was effective in promoting relief from muscle pain and discomfort.

Abstract: The present invention provides a therapeutic agent for a lower urinary tract disease such as cystitis, interstitial cystitis, prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia etc., which are considered as refractory disease, and an agent for improving a lower urinary tract symptom associated with the lower urinary tract disease.

Abstract: A composition of sterile cobra venom and a method for its oral administration to provide significant analgesic effects to a human and/or animal are disclosed. Such cobra venom compositions comprise a sterilized solution preserved by the addition of one or more suitable food-grade preservatives. The venom composition may be conveniently administered orally by means of a metered spray device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising snake powder that is derived from the Tzabcan “Crotalus durissus” rattlesnake. The snake powder is prepared by continuously baking the body of the rattlesnake until it completely dehydrates. Then, the dehydrated body is pulverized into a fine granular powder. The present invention included an in vitro method of inhibiting cancer cell growth utilizing the snake powder exhibited. Accordingly, the snake powder can be applied for the development of drugs which are effective for the treatment of various types of cancers.

Abstract: The invention relates to the pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a brain tumor, which contains in an effective amount from pharmaceutical point of view Peptidtoxin from spiders, Sicarius species and/or the saliva of the vipers from the Elaphe species; and the total poison or part of the spiders poison from the Latrodectus species, as well as the use of the pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of the brain tumor, a process for producing the pharmaceutical composition as well as a kit of parts containing the pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: The present invention refers to uses of crotamine and compositions containing it, based on its characteristic of interaction with genetic material. Under submicromolar quantities, the polypeptide is no longer toxic, presenting the characteristics properties of cell penetration, transport of molecules to the surface, cytoplasm or cell nucleus and particularly, selective cell penetration. The invention also refers to compositions comprising a pharmaceutically effective concentration of crotamine and its use for the treatment of diseases and dysfunctions, based on its characteristics of interaction with genetic material, such as DNA and RNA, and cell selectivity.

Abstract: The invention includes a composition useful for preparing a tissue sealant for use on a patient, comprising: autologous fibrinogen, an activating agent and at least one supplement. The invention includes a method of treating a disc having at least one defect, comprising: introducing a composition into the disc, wherein the composition comprises autologous fibrinogen and an activating agent, and wherein the composition forms fibrin.

Abstract: Disclosed are solid dressings for treated wounded tissue in mammalian patients, such as a human, comprising a haemostatic layer consisting essentially of fibrinogen and a fibrinogen activator, wherein the fibrinogen is present in an amount between 3.0 mg/cm2 of the wound facing surface of the dressing and 13.0 mg/cm2 of the wound facing surface of the dressing. Also disclosed are methods for treating wounded tissue.

Abstract: Disclosed are solid dressings for treated wounded tissue in mammalian patients, such as a human, comprising a haemostatic layer consisting essentially of a fibrinogen component and a fibrinogen activator, wherein the haemostatic layer(s) is cast or formed from a single aqueous solution containing the fibrinogen component and the fibrinogen activator. Also disclosed are methods for treating wounded tissue using these dressings and frozen compositions useful for preparing the haemostatic layer(s) of these dressings.

Abstract: The invention refers to the use of a p21-activated kinase (PAK) inhibitor as a target protein for the discovery of a PAK inhibitor as a medicament for the treatment of a joint disease.

Abstract: A composition of sterile cobra venom and a method for its oral administration to provide significant analgesic effects to a human and/or animal are disclosed. Such cobra venom compositions comprise a sterilized solution preserved by the addition of one or more suitable food-grade preservatives. The venom composition may be conveniently administered orally by means of a metered spray device.

Abstract: Breast cancer is a common cancer in women. Early diagnosis and treatments are vital for better outcomes. This formula consists of a liquid anti-disease anti-cancer formula that can be delivered to the source where breast cancer begins. Method of treating breast disease, including cancer, with a formula and a means of delivery with a topical, intraductal, ductal, and/or intraductal infusion to prevent the formation of cancer or precursors to cancer or atypia or other form of abnormal breast tissue or to treat breast diseases of all kinds. May include homeopathic remedies to be used topically or inside the breast with a delivery method to those regions and may be processed with or without photonic programming or an ionic delivery system for greater effectiveness and use against degenerative diseases or cancerous or precancerous diseases, precursors of breast disease, inflammatory breast disease, or accumulation of toxins in the breast tissue.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical composition comprising animal venom and using same in a method for the treatment of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and related pathologies.

Abstract: A composition of matter for an analgesia and its method of use is disclosed. The method of use is for the treatment of chronic pain, especially to the treatment of heretofore intractable pain as associated with advanced cancer. The pain associated with neurological conditions, rheumatoid arthritis, viral infections and lesions is also contemplated. The method includes administering to a host an alpha-neurotoxin that is characterized by its ability to blocking of the action of acetylcholine at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

Abstract: A method of treating a mammal prophylactically to prevent neoplastic development comprises administering to the mammal a therapeutic vaccine comprising venom and at least one adjuvant. The method optionally further comprises administering to the mammal at least one other therapeutically effective agent, e.g., an anti-inflammatory agent.

Abstract: Detoxified cobra venom and its constituent neurotoxins have been reported to have potent antiviral activity. Others have reported that snake venoms were generally immune stimulants. Recent research has revealed more specific details on the effects of detoxified venoms and isolated alpha-neurotoxins on cells of the immune system. Exposure of the immune cells to these detoxified proteins yields a strong response in the innate immune reaction that represents the immune systems initial response to infectious agents. Of particular relevance is the marked increase in the expression of genes associated with the production of gamma interferon, a potent antiviral agent and regulator of the immune response. The ability to induce this strong innate response has significant application to those with weakened immune systems where their ability to fight infection has been compromised.

Abstract: A method is described for detecting, visualizing, or treating cells, particularly cancerous cells, that express a uPA/uPAR complex. The method employs a PAI-2 conjugate molecule that comprises PAI-2 or a functional derivative, homologue, analogue, chemical equivalent or mimetic thereof, which PAI-2 is bound, linked, or otherwise associated with a toxin or label.

Abstract: The invention refers to the use of a p21-activated kinase (PAK) inhibitor as a target protein for the discovery of a PAK inhibitor as a medicament for the treatment of a joint disease.

Abstract: The invention relates to the discovery that formulations of Lachesis venom decrease circulating TNF-? levels in mammals including humans, and that administration of Lachesis venom-containing formulations to mammals suffering from sepsis, parasitic infection, cisplatin nephrotoxicity, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and AIDS mitigates symptoms associated with these conditions.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to concentrated fibrinogen compositions and associate methods and use thereof. The concentrated fibrinogen compositions can be produced by adding a sufficient amount of a cationic agent, such as protamine, to a fibrinogen containing fluid to cause the fibrinogen to form a fibrinogen precipitate; collecting the fibrinogen precipitate by a collection means, such as centrifugation; and suspending or solubilizing the fibrinogen precipitate in a liquid vehicle to form a concentrated fibrinogen composition. The concentrated fibrinogen compositions can be incorporated into systems for making fibrin glues and be used in treating wounds.

Abstract: Autoimmune disorders are widespread diseases with many manifestations. Immune regulatory dysfunction is central to the progress of these diseases. The control this dysfunction can be achieved through intervention in the immune pathways. The balance of regulatory cytokines is central to a correctly functioning immune system and is a target for therapeutic intervention. Herein is described the induction of the regulatory cytokines, interferon gamma and interleuking 27, as a method to treat autoimmune diseases and a method by which such regulatory cytokines can be induced using a detoxified cobra neurotoxin composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for alleviating physical discomfort and/or pain-related conditions in a subject, comprising one or more ingredients that improve blood circulation, one or more ingredients that reduce pain and one or more ingredients that enhance bone health. The ingredients are selected from synthetic compounds, natural products, natural ingredients, extracts from natural ingredients, or combinations thereof. The compositions of the invention are particularly useful in alleviating musculoskeletal pain and nerve related pain.

Abstract: Detoxified cobra venom and its constituent neurotoxins have been reported to have potent antiviral activity. Others have reported that snake venoms were generally immune stimulants. Recent research has revealed more specific details on the effects of detoxified venoms and isolated alpha-neurotoxins on cells of the immune system. Exposure of the immune cells to these detoxified proteins yields a strong response in the innate immune reaction that represents the immune systems initial response to infectious agents. Of particular relevance is the marked increase in the expression of genes associated with the production of gamma interferon, a potent antiviral agent and regulator of the immune response. The ability to induce this strong innate response has significant application to those with weakened immune systems where their ability to fight infection has been compromised.

Abstract: This invention features an antithrombosis enzyme extracted and purified from the snake venom of Southern-Anhui Agkistrodon acutus and pharmaceutical uses thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for treating a patient suffering from acute coronary syndrome, but who is not suffering from a Q-wave myocardial infarction, comprising administration of a therapeutically effective amount of an exendin-4 molecule. The exendin-4 can be self-administered, and can be administered in one or more doses, as needed, on an intermittent or continuous basis, to optimize metabolism in cardiac tissue and to prevent cardiac damage associated with ischemia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti arrhythmic pharmaceutical comprising effective amount of compound designated as KCV-CAF obtained from the venom of Indian snake King Cobra Ophiophagus hannah and optionally pharmaceutically acceptable ingredients and a process of isolating the said compound KCV-CAF from the venom of the Indian snake King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah).

Abstract: An antivenom comprising a mixture of monospecific antisera each raised against venoms of one species or sub-species is disclosed. Also disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition comprising the antivenom of the invention, and a method of treating envenomation in a mammal comprising administering the claimed antivenom.

Abstract: A method of creating a composition of matter from a rattlesnake which is used as an immune system enhancer in human or animals. The method comprises providing the body of a rattlesnake which is continuously baked until the body of the rattlesnake completely dehydrates. Then, the dehydrated body is pulverized into a fine granular powder. The fine granular powder is then orally administered in an effective amount continuously and uninterrupted over a treatment period to a human or animal infected with cancer, AIDS or HIV.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti arrhythmic pharmaceutical comprising effective amount of compound designated as KCV-CAF obtained from the venom of Indian snake King Cobra Ophiophagus hannah and optionally pharmaceutically acceptable ingredients and a process of isolating the said compound KCV-CAF from the venom of the Indian snake King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah).

Abstract: Disclosed is an adhesive for gluing of biological tissue, in particular human body tissue. The adhesive contains fibrinogen, a substance capable of supplying calcium ions, blood-coagulating factor XIIIa and, as a fibrinogen-splitting substance, a snake-venom enzyme.

Abstract: This invention features an antithrombosis enzyme extracted and purified from the snake venom of Southern-Anhui Agkistrodon acutus and pharmaceutical uses thereof.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting apoptosis, comprising administering an effective ingredient batroxobin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an antimicrobially effective amount of at least one snake venom obtainable from a snake selected from the group of snakes consisting of: Naja kaouthia, Bungarus fasciatus, Ophiophagus hannah, Bungarus candidus, Lapemis hardwickii, Hydrophis cyanocinctus, Enhydrina schistosa, Aipysurus eydouxii, Bothrops atrox, Lachesis muta, Bitis arietans, Trimersurus albolabris or combinations thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The composition may further comprise one or more fractions or one or more components of the above venoms. The present invention also relates to medical use of snake venoms and use of said venoms for the manufacture of medicaments for the prevention, management or treatment of bacterial, fungal, protozoan or viral diseases. Also the present invention also relates to a composition above further including a plant extract.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for prophylaxis and/or treatment of apoptosis-related diseases which comprises as an effective ingredient batroxobin.

Abstract: Antivenoms to snake, spider, scorpion and jelly fish venoms are produced for treatment of humans and animals, and for analytical use. Polyvalent antivenoms are produced containing immunoglobulin which is greater than fifty percent venom reactive. Purified polyvalent antivenom is derived from a first polyvalent antivenom having two or more monovalent subpopulations, and purified such that greater than fifty percent of the monovalent subpopulations are recovered by weight. The antivenoms can be horse or avian such as chicken antivenom. Chicken antivenom is obtained using a whole venom that is not glutaraldehyde pretreated, and the antivenom contains yolk immunoglobulin. Antivenoms are purified with an antigen matrix containing a single whole venom or a plurality of whole venoms covalently attached to an insoluble support such as aldehyde-activated agarose. Preferably, the whole venoms forming the plurality of whole venoms are selected from the four whole venoms of C. atrox, B. atrox, C. adamanteus and C.

Abstract: Medicaments for the treatment or prophylaxis of ischemia-reperfusion injury in myocardial ischemia and cerebral ischemia, characterized in that the medicament contains batroxobin as an effective component.

Abstract: The invention relates to an antidote for hirudin and synthetic thrombin inhibitors; the antidote contains a compound that splits prothrombin into meizothrombin, a prothrombin intermediate, a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof or a mixture of these compounds, together with conventional vehicles and/or diluents. The present invention also relates to the application of a compound that splits prothrombin into meizothrombin, a prothrombin intermediate, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof or a mixture of these compounds, together with conventional vehicles and/or diluents as an antidote for hirudin and synthetic thrombin inhibitors or for the preparation of an antidote for hirudin and synthetic thrombin inhibitors.

Abstract: It was found that the use of a phospholipid dependent prothrombin activator purified from the venom of snakes belonging to the Elapidae family, especially members of the Oxyaranus and Psuedonaja genera is most useful in tests for the determination of Lupus Anticoagulant. Based on this, several clotting, chromogenic aria immunochromogenic tests have been developped.

Abstract: L-amino acid oxidase is utilized to reduce the plasma level of large neutral amino acids to allow the opportunity of increased large neutral amino acid drug transport across the blood brain barrier. Preferably anti L-amino acid oxidase antibody is administered intermediate to the L-amino acid oxidase and large neutral amino acid drug administrations to deplete L-amino acid oxidase activity once the L-amino acid oxidase has caused the large neutral amino acid drug transport improving level plasma reduction of large neutral amino acids thereby to reduce or eliminate degrading of large neutral amino acid drugs by L-amino acid oxidase. The large neutral amino acid drugs include levodopa, melphalan, L-DON, azaserine, acivicin, L-alanosine and 3-(phosphonomethyl)phenylalanines. For treatment of brain tumors, the drug administration is preferably preceded by the administration of a large neutral amino acid glutathione depleting agent, e.g., L-buthionine-SR-sulfoximine.

Abstract: A method of delivering a medicament to the surface of a cancer cell and transferring the medicament into the cancer cell using an activated plasminogen activator material such as a plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 or type-2 (PAI-1, PAI-2). The medicament is coupled to PAI-1 or PAI-2 to form a reaction product that is coupled with the urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) that is bound to the cell surface by the uPA receptor (uPAR). The medicament is coupled to PAI-1 or PAI-2 (for example, using a preserving agent such as saporin) in such a way that the medicament does not interfere with active sites responsible for binding to uPA or LRP proteins responsible for the internalization of the plasminogen activator material/conjugated medicament. The conjugated medicament prevents the conversion of the plasminogen activator inhibitor material into its latent inactive form. The resulting complex is internalized into the cancer cell to deliver the medicament within the cell.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions for treatment of humans suffering from the symptoms of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or its precursors, lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC) or secondary diseases relating thereto and other immunodeficiency pathologies or tumors resulting exclusively from immune deficiency and others such as H.I.V. The compositions contain a therapeutically active amount of phospholipase A.sub.2 and giroxina, preferably where the phospholipase A.sub.2 is isolated from the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus or form the venom of Micrurus frontalis altirostris and the giroxina is isolated from the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus. Also disclosed is the process for preparing such pharmaceutical composition and the process for treating patients suffering from the aforementioned afflictions.

Abstract: Human-derived or human-compatible antitoxins are administered is an adjunct to therapy with a toxin, such as botulinum toxin or an immunotoxin, or as an adjunct to therapy with a combination of toxins, in order to reduce or prevent endogenous production of antibodies to the toxin(s) or other unwanted side-effects.

Abstract: A common complication of vaginal delivery is the tearing of the muscles of the vagina and perineum. This tearing results in an irregular laceration which the surgeon must then repair. Current obstetrical practice is to prevent this irregular laceration by performing an episiotomy to create a regular laceration which is later sutured. However, both natural tearing of the vaginal and perineal muscles during delivery and surgical episiotomies are subject to further, more grave, complications. The use of medical therapy instead of surgical therapy will reduce the incidence of lacerations of the muscles of the vagina and perineum. The use of medical therapy for the relaxation of the muscles of the vagina and perineum is described.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a phospholipid-dependent prothrombin activator from the venom of snakes belonging to the Elapidae family, the activator comprising an increased plasma clotting activity in the presence of phospholipids and calcium ions; a reduced activity in the presence of Lupus Anticoagulant; an ability to facilitate clotting in a normal clotting time in the presence of platelet poor plasma, the plasma having normal or decreased levels of factor V, VII, VIII, IX, or X; and a major band with a molecular weight of 40,000 to 60,000 daltons on an SDS gel.

Abstract: Novel cytotoxic agent useful against malignant tumors. It provides a stable composition of matter based on the cytotoxic activity of two synergistically acting toxins which sequence are herein described. The basic amphipathic peptide binds to the cell membrane causing perturbation of the lipid bilayer. The non-covalent heterodimer complex dissociates and the phospholiphase A.sub.2 subunit (B) binds to the cell membrane. Subunit A acts as a chaperon preventing non-specific binding of the phospholipase A.sub.2, it has no enzymatic activity. The basic amphipathic peptide increases the effect of the phospholipase A.sub.2 subunit. Cell death is caused by the enzymatic hydrolysis of cell membrance phospholipids. Both the non-covalent heterodimer complex and the basic amphipathic peptide used were purified from the venoms of Crotalus durissus terrificus and Naja naja atra, respectively.

Abstract: A therapeutically effective amount of soluble phospholipase A.sub.2 is administered into a subject for lowering the low density lipoproteins ("LDL") in the blood. Phospholipase A.sub.2 modifies the plasma LDL by hydrolyzing the phospholipids present in LDL. As a result, the modified LDL is rapidly removed from the bloodstream by the catabolic processes.

Abstract: An agent for desensitization of man and/or animals against an allergen comprising liposomes that comprise the allergen is provided together with a method for inducing desensitization by administration of the agent.