Abstract: A method of treatment for mixed carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, saline and optional active additives for treating lower body cavity ailments includes delivery of dosage of the treatment at specified flow rates, using a) main housing having a hollow central area containing the dosage; b) a dosage dispenser head located at the distal end of the main housing, and having at least one flow channel for movement of the dosage from the main housing through the dosage dispenser head and to external of the dosage dispenser head; c) a dosage release control component located between the main housing and the dosage dispenser head to permit flow of the dosage through the dosage dispenser head in response to increased pressure against the dosage; and d) a pressure-changing moveable component on the main housing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a batch method for impregnating a nonporous polymer pharmaceutical carrier with an active substance, characterized in that said method includes the following consecutive steps: a) mixing the active substance and the nonporous polymer pharmaceutical carrier, the pharmaceutical carrier being in a solid form and insoluble in supercritical CO2 and not being non-crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone; b) performing a step of molecular diffusion in the absence of water by contacting, in a static mode without agitation, the mixture obtained in step a) with supercritical CO2 at a pressure of 80 to 170 bars, at a temperature of 31 to 90° C. for 1 to 6 hours; c) recovering the polymer pharmaceutical carrier impregnated with the active substance obtained in step b), the impregnated pharmaceutical carrier being nonporous and being in a solid form and the active substance being in an amorphous form, the method being implemented in the absence of an additional solvent.

Abstract: Compositions of matter and methods for making, storing and administering artificial blood substitutes. Artificial blood substitutes may have oxygen carriers that encapsulate an oxygen-binding compound in a polymer vesicle. Oxygen-binding compounds may include hemoglobin, myoglobin, or other oxygen binding compounds having characteristics similar to hemoglobin. Oxygen carriers may include nanoparticles, polymers and/or polymersomes comprising of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(?-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PCL) and related diblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(?-methyl ?-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PMCL). The oxygen carriers may have tunable oxygen-binding capacities, uniform and appropriately small size distributions, and human bloodlike viscosities and oncotic properties.

Abstract: Compositions of matter and methods for making, storing and administering artificial blood substitutes. Artificial blood substitutes may have oxygen carriers that encapsulate an oxygen-binding compound in a polymer vesicle. Oxygen-binding compounds may include hemoglobin, myoglobin, or other oxygen binding compounds having characteristics similar to hemoglobin. Oxygen carriers may include nanoparticles, polymers and/or polymersomes comprising of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(?-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PCL) and related diblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(?-methyl ?-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PMCL). The oxygen carriers may have tunable oxygen-binding capacities, uniform and appropriately small size distributions, and human bloodlike viscosities and oncotic properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing CO2 for attracting bloodsucking arthropods (2). In this method, at least one liquid or solid organic substance (11) is reacted in an oxidation process in a targeted manner, one portion completely and another partially, thus forming, in addition to CO2, H2O and heat, at least one further partial oxidation product (P). The invention further relates to a device (1a, 1b) for generating CO2, said device (1a, 1b) comprising a storage means (10) for at least one liquid or solid organic substance (11) and an evaporation module (14) for the liquid or solid organic substance (11). The device (1a, 1b) comprises a reactor module (16) for the controlled oxidation and partial oxidation of the at least one liquid or solid organic substance (11); a control unit (80); and means (13, 18, 21, 22, 26) for regulating the oxidation and partial oxidation process.

Abstract: Modified VEGF proteins that inhibit VEGF-mediated activation or proliferation of endothelial cells are disclosed. The analogs may be used to inhibit VEGF-mediated activation of endothelial cells in angiogenesis-associated diseases such as cancer, inflammatory diseases, eye diseases, and skin disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for attracting bed bugs with novel attractants and new and improved methods to enable their use to attract, monitor or trap bed bugs for surveying, monitoring, mitigation and management purposes. Known mammal pheromones were discovered to be useful as bed bug kairomone attractants. A method of delivering non-volatile attractants by using the attractive heat source to heat and volatilize the attractants was discovered to be the optimal method to disseminate the kairomones. A new method of generating low levels of carbon dioxide is disclosed, and the combination of kairomones, carbon dioxide and heat is shown to attract bed bugs.

Abstract: The invention is a method for attracting mosquitoes by producing a volatilized acid by combining an acid precursor with water to produce the humidified vapor acid attractant, preferably hydrogen chloride. The humidified volatilized acid can be further combined with carbon dioxide, or carbon dioxide can be simultaneously produced to attract mosquitoes. The acid precursor can be a hydrate of ferric chloride, such as ferric chloride hexahydrate. The acid precursor can be impregnated in a carrier, and can be combined with water through exposure to water vapor in the atmosphere, the intentional addition of water, or water produced by a chemical reaction.

Abstract: The present specification disclosed a noninvasive transdermal delivery device that relates generally to a handheld mechanical apparatus for noninvasive transdermal administration of gas, small to large water-soluble (hydrophilic) pharmaceutical agents, vitamins, and other therapeutic agents. Components of such delivery devices, methods of producing a substance comprising a supersaturated amount of a dissolved gas, as well as, methods of administering a therapeutic agent using such delivery devices and methods of treating a disease or condition using such delivery devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for treating a mammal suffering from a respiratory disease characterized by acute intermittent or chronic obstruction of the airways of the lungs, such as asthma, acute asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis comprising delivering to the lungs of the mammal a perfluorocarbon and a gas mixture comprising carbon dioxide (CO2), and pharmaceutical compositions of CO2 and perfluorocarbons are provided. The acute relief of airway obstruction provided by the said treatment provides an opportunity for concomitant or subsequent delivery of additional suitable active agent of conventional treatments.

Abstract: A non-invasive method of treating cerebral ischemia, involving the use of non-inhaled, intra-nasally delivered carbon dioxide (CO2), alone or in combination with other gases to augment cerebral perfusion and improve outcome following a stroke is provided. A vasodilator gas is delivered intranasally, alone or in combination with a second gas, for prolonged periods of time without systemic absorption. The second gas may be selected from NO, hydrogen, xenon, anesthetic gases, oxygen, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, or air. The treatment selectively increases cerebral perfusion and provides neuroprotection in the treatment of cerebral ischemia.

Abstract: Methods for treating ailments in a patient in need thereof includes the step of directing a therapeutic, non-inhaled dosage to at least one nasal cavity of the patient through a flow regulating device while the patient refrains from inhaling. The dosage includes (a) a saline fluid (b) a gas containing carbon dioxide and (c) at least one additional active component, wherein the therapeutic, non-inhaled dosage is delivered at a flow rate from 1 cc/sec to 20 cc/sec for a duration of 2 to 30 seconds.

Abstract: Methods for treating ailments in a patient in need thereof includes the step of directing a therapeutic, non-inhaled dosage to at least one nasal cavity of the patient through a flow regulating device while the patient refrains from inhaling. The dosage includes a saline fluid and a gas containing carbon dioxide, wherein the therapeutic, non-inhaled dosage is delivered at a flow rate from 1 cc/sec to 20 cc/sec for a duration of 2 to 30 seconds.

Abstract: A gas mixture for treatment of a mycobacterial infection and methods thereof, wherein the gas mixture comprises hydrogen. In certain applications, the gas mixture further comprises oxygen and optionally an inert or anaerobic gas, preferably selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, helium, argon, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof. The methods for treatment comprise direct inhalation of the gas mixture comprising hydrogen and oxygen, intubation of a patient with a double lumen endotracheal tube thereby supplying one lung with an anaerobic gas, and administration of a gas mixture comprising hydrogen and oxygen in a hyperbaric setting. Also provided is a method of sterilization of a mycobacterium-contaminated surface comprising administration of the hydrogen-containing gas mixture.

Abstract: The present technology provides synthesized particles that mimic key structural and functional features of red blood cells. Such RBC-mimicking particles possess the ability to carry oxygen (and carbon dioxide) and flow through capillaries smaller than their own diameter. Further, such particles can also deliver drugs and imaging agents. These particles provide a new paradigm for the design of drug delivery and imaging carriers since they combine the functionality of natural RBCs with the broad applicability and versatility of synthetic drug delivery particles. Further, such particles can be used for detoxification and other biomedical applications.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a dietary supplement comprising palatinose or a derivative thereof. The dietary supplement may be a nutritional product, a sports performance product, a weight loss product or a meal replacement product. The present invention is also directed to a method of increasing the absorption of a compound into the bloodstream, cells and tissue comprising administering palatinose, or a derivative thereof, in combination with the compound.

Abstract: The oxalic acid aqueous solution filled in an electrolytic tank is electrolyzed with an electrolyzer to produce carbonic acid gas, while ultrasonic wave from an ultrasonic generator is applied to the produced carbonic acid gas bubbles, to form micro bubbles, which is dissolved in said oxalic acid aqueous solution, so as to easily produce carbonic acid gas solution with micro carbonic acid gas bubbles dissolved at a low cost; said carbonic acid gas solution can substitute carbonated spring.

Abstract: Dispersing gas in a liquid provides a mixture of saturated, supersaturated or hypersaturated solution to provide a suspension of bubbles containing gas therein into which animal tissue is immersed for health or wellness treatment. A two-phase mixture is provided with dissolved gas as a suspension of microbubbles. Methods for making, maintaining, and using the two-phase mixture are provided. Gas molecules may be introduced into a liquid at high velocity under elevated pressure to form a supersaturated solution that retains the gas, preferably oxygen, in solution when exposed to ambient conditions.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter provides methods for increasing perfusion in hypoxic regions of tissues in subjects. Also provided are methods for treating diseases and/or disorders associated with hypoxia in subjects, methods for increasing sensitivity of tumors to radiation and/or chemotherapy treatments, methods for delaying tumor growth in subjects, and methods for inhibiting tumor blood vessel growth in subjects. In some embodiments, the presently disclosed methods involve administering to subjects in need thereof a first composition selected from the group consisting of a nitrosylated hemoglobin and an agent that induces nitrosylation of endogenous hemoglobin in the subject and a second composition comprising a hyperoxic gas. In some embodiments, the presently disclosed methods also include treating a tumor with radiation therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, or combinations thereof. Also provided are inhalable gases that can be employed in the presently disclosed methods.

Abstract: Use of a carbon dioxide-supplying means for muscle strengthening makes it possible conveniently to strengthen a target muscle within a short period of time merely by allowing the target site to absorb carbon dioxide without loading any mechanical burden on the target muscle. By loading a mechanical burden on the target muscle, the muscle strengthening effect can be further enhanced and an additional effect of promoting the recovery from muscle fatigue can be achieved owing to the mechanical burden. By using the carbon dioxide-supplying means for muscle strengthening as described above, it is also possible to increase cattle meat.

Abstract: Use of a carbon dioxide-supplying means for muscle strengthening makes it possible conveniently to strengthen a target muscle within a short period of time merely by allowing the target site to absorb carbon dioxide without loading any mechanical burden on the target muscle. By loading a mechanical burden on the target muscle, the muscle strengthening effect can be further enhanced and an additional effect of promoting the recovery from muscle fatigue can be achieved owing to the mechanical burden. By using the carbon dioxide-supplying means for muscle strengthening as described above, it is also possible to increase cattle meat.

Abstract: A method for producing a cactus fruit extract for use in formulating a beverage which can be used in the treatment of veisalgia.

Abstract: This invention relates to a plant (vegetation) protecting and regulating environment which uses excessive amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) coupled with reduced amounts of oxygen (O2) to, simultaneously and collectively, (1) promote plant (vegetation) growth, (2) provide insect control and (3) render effective use of fertilizers. As an illustrative example, such said environment can be provided by using the waste flue gases from coal-fired power plants.

Abstract: A material for formation of carbon dioxide external preparation of the present invention comprises a base agent and a reactant. The base agent comprises a polymeric three-dimensional network structure impregnated with a viscous material containing at least an acid and water, and is made to contact with the skin in use. The reactant contains at least a carbonate, and contacts with the aforementioned viscous material in use so as to generate carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide dissolving in the viscous material substantially in a non-bubble state.

Abstract: A method for substantially preventing or inhibiting summer bentgrass decline in an outdoor environment, by exposing bentgrass beds to increased amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The invention is particularly well suited for use in warm climates. It is expected to be useful in a variety of bentgrass applications, such as golf greens, pastures, lawns, athletic fields, and the like. Similar applications for other cool-season grasses are anticipated as well.

Abstract: Described are four, novel supercritical fluid extracts of Nigella sativa seeds containing about 0.01 to about 40% (w/w) thymoquinone that can be produced using commercial-scale quantities of N. sativa seeds. These formulations provide antioxidant, thermogenic, anti-inflammatory and other biological activities qualitatively and quantitatively distinct from thymoquinone alone and are useful as dietary supplements or therapeutics for inflammation-related disorders.

Abstract: Method and system for forming an anhydrous sterilant. In one embodiment, anhydrous peracetic acid is combined with carbon dioxide, wherein the carbon dioxide is in one of a liquid, solid, and supercritical state.

Abstract: Use of a carbon dioxide-supplying means for muscle strengthening makes it possible conveniently to strengthen a target muscle within a short period of time merely by allowing the target site to absorb carbon dioxide without loading any mechanical burden on the target muscle. By loading a mechanical burden on the target muscle, the muscle strengthening effect can be further enhanced and an additional effect of promoting the recovery from muscle fatigue can be achieved owing to the mechanical burden. By using the carbon dioxide-supplying means for muscle strengthening as described above, it is also possible to increase cattle meat.

Abstract: This application relates to water-based personal moisturizers and lubricants that relive vaginal dryness. These compositions are non-spermicidal, sperm- and egg-friendly, and in various embodiments may mimic biological fluids, enhance sperm survival and motility, promote binding of sperm to eggs, and/or facilitate the process of fertilization. Related articles, systems, and methods of preparation and use of the compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter provides methods for increasing perfusion in hypoxic regions of tissues in subjects. Also provided are methods for treating diseases and/or disorders associated with hypoxia in subjects, methods for increasing sensitivity of tumors to radiation and/or chemotherapy treatments, methods for delaying tumor growth in subjects, and methods for inhibiting tumor blood vessel growth in subjects. In some embodiments, the presently disclosed methods involve administering to subjects in need thereof a first composition selected from the group consisting of a nitrosylated hemoglobin and an agent that induces nitrosylation of endogenous hemoglobin in the subject and a second composition comprising a hyperoxic gas. In some embodiments, the presently disclosed methods also include treating a tumor with radiation therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, or combinations thereof. Also provided are inhalable gases that can be employed in the presently disclosed methods.

Abstract: A therapeutic foam for the treatment of, inter alia, varicose veins comprises a sclerosing solution foamed with a physiological gas such as carbon dioxide, oxygen or a mixture thereof. The foam has a nitrogen content of less than 0.8%. It may be generated using a pressurised canister system incorporating a fine mesh of micron dimensions through which the gas and sclerosing liquid are passed to make the foam. Alternatively, the foam may be generated by passing gas and solution between two syringes through a fine mesh. Techniques are described for minimising the amount of nitrogen in a canister or syringe based product. A technique for generating and delivering foam simultaneously using a syringe based device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A device for providing improved wound healing is described. The device includes a vacuum system for applying a sub-atmospheric pressure to the wound, a gas supply system for applying a gaseous wound healing agent to the wound, and a controller connected with the vacuum system and the gas supply system that controls the applications of the sub-atmospheric pressure and the application of the gaseous wound healing agent to the wound. A method of using the device for improved wound healing is also described.

Abstract: Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to compositions, methods, devices, systems, and products regarding frozen particles. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles include materials at low temperatures. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles provide vehicles for delivery of particular agents. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles are administered to at least one biological tissue.

Abstract: Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to compositions, methods, devices, systems, and products regarding frozen particles. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles include materials at low temperatures. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles provide vehicles for delivery of particular agents. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles are administered to at least one biological tissue.

Abstract: Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to compositions, methods, devices, systems, and products regarding frozen particles. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles include materials at low temperatures. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles provide vehicles for delivery of particular agents. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles are administered to at least one biological tissue.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods deliver treatment agents simultaneously with capnic gases. The capnic gases can enhance the effectiveness of the treatment agent for treating rhinitis, lower the dosage of drug or concentration of agent necessary to achieve a therapeutic result, or both. Exemplary capnic gases include carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, and dilute acid gases.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for the biocompatible sterilization of materials, in particular, of medical devices and implants. Sterilization is achieved by deactivation of microorganisms through treatment of the material with a mixture of at least one microbiocidal additive and a high-pressure or supercritical fluid, for example, high-pressure carbon dioxide or supercritical carbon dioxide. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of using halogenated volatile compounds, e.g., halogenated ether, for treating a neurological disorder, e.g., Parkinson's disease.

Abstract: The oxalic acid aqueous solution filled in an electrolytic tank is electrolyzed with an electrolyzer to produce carbonic acid gas, while ultrasonic wave from an ultrasonic generator is applied to the produced carbonic acid gas bubbles, to form micro bubbles, which is dissolved in said oxalic acid aqueous solution, so as to easily produce carbonic acid gas solution with micro carbonic acid gas bubbles dissolved at a low cost; said carbonic acid gas solution can substitute carbonated spring.

Abstract: This invention provides novel methods and compositions for treating and preventing seizures by administration of ASIC1a receptor activating compounds. A novel method of assaying ASIC1a receptor activating compounds is included in the present invention. According to the invention applicants have demonstrated that seizure duration, intensity, and progression may be modulated by administration of an ASIC1a receptor activator which acts to increase the endogenous activity of ASIC1a receptors to mediate the effects of low pH in the CNS. The inventors have also found that the ASIC1a receptor activator may prevent such seizures altogether.

Abstract: Inhaled anesthetics with otherwise desirable properties but which are too extensively degraded by passage through absorbents containing calcium hydroxide plus sodium hydroxide (such as soda lime) can be used as anesthetics by substituting absorbents containing calcium hydroxide but devoid of sodium hydroxide or containing minimal amounts of sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: A system using electrochemically-activated water (ECAW) for manufacturing, processing, packaging, and dispensing beverages including: (a) using ECAW to neutralize incompatible residues when transitioning from the production of one beverage to another; (b) using ECAW to rehabilitate and disinfect granular activated charcoal beds used in the feed water purification system; (c) producing a carbonated ECAW product and using the carbonated ECAW for system cleaning or disinfecting; (d) using ECAW solutions in the beverage facility clean-in-place system to achieve improved microbial control while greatly reducing water usage and reducing or eliminating the use of chemical detergents and disinfectants; (e) further reducing biofilm growth in the processing system, and purifying ingredient water without the use of chlorine, by adding an ECAW anolyte to the water ingredient feed stream; and/or (f) washing the beverage product bottles or other packages with one or more ECAW solutions prior to packaging.

Abstract: This invention provides articles of manufacture and bandages comprising compartments and layers comprising oxygen and other therapeutic gas storage forms and perfluorocarbons. This invention also provides for methods of delivering oxygen and other therapeutic gases to a tissue in a subject comprising a administering to the tissue a composition comprising a perfluorocarbon and a oxygen or therapeutic gas storage form, so as to thereby deliver oxygen or the therapeutic gas to the tissue.

Abstract: Sterilization methods and apparatus are effective to achieve a 6-log reduction in CFUs of industry standard bacteria and bacterial spores, i.e., B. stearothermophilus and B. subtilis spores, by subjecting sterilizable materials to a chemical additive-containing carbon dioxide sterilant fluid at or near its supercritical pressure and temperature conditions. Most preferably, the chemical additive-containing supercritical carbon dioxide sterilant fluid is agitated during sterilization, e.g., via mechanical agitation or via pressure cycling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for using gas exchange modules for adjusting a pH value of blood in order to, e.g., adjust a non-physiological pH in patients treated with drugs whose activity optimum is in a non-physiological pH or to bring the pH to a physiological value.

Abstract: A polymeric body covering article that generates and releases gas upon activation by electromagnetic energy and/or moisture. The gas provides antimicrobial and/or antiodor protection to objects in contact or in proximity to the interior surface of the article and/or to objects in contact or in proximity to the exterior surface of the article.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a composition for preparing a carbon dioxide external preparation characterized by comprising a substance generating an acid after being hydrolyzed, a carbonate, a thickener and water as essential components, and a composition for preparing a carbon dioxide external preparation characterized by comprising the essential components above, a gelating agent being gelated by a calcium ion and a water-insoluble or poorly soluble calcium salt. According to the invention, the carbon dioxide external preparation, which contains sufficient amount of carbon dioxide, from which the carbon dioxide is absorbed transdermally or transmucosally in a sustained manner, and which has a more potent cosmetic or medical effect, can be easily prepared. In addition, the composition for preparing a carbon dioxide external preparation with a low cost can be provided.

Abstract: The invention is a method for attracting mosquitoes by producing a volatilized acid by combining an acid precursor with water to produce the humidified vapor acid attractant, preferably hydrogen chloride. The humidified volatilized acid can be further combined with carbon dioxide, or carbon dioxide can be simultaneously produced to attract mosquitoes. The acid precursor can be a hydrate of ferric chloride, such as ferric chloride hexahydrate. The acid precursor can be impregnated in a carrier, and can be combined with water through exposure to water vapor in the atmosphere, the intentional addition of water, or water produced by a chemical reaction.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter provides methods for increasing perfusion in hypoxic regions of tissues in subjects. Also provided are methods for treating diseases and/or disorders associated with hypoxia in subjects, methods for increasing sensitivity of tumors to radiation and/or chemotherapy treatments, methods for delaying tumor growth in subjects, and methods for inhibiting tumor blood vessel growth in subjects. In some embodiments, the presently disclosed methods involve administering to subjects in need thereof a first composition selected from the group consisting of a nitrosylated hemoglobin and an agent that induces nitrosylation of endogenous hemoglobin in the subject and a second composition comprising a hyperoxic gas. In some embodiments, the presently disclosed methods also include treating a tumor with radiation therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, or combinations thereof. Also provided are inhalable gases that can be employed in the presently disclosed methods.

Abstract: Methods of producing biocompatible intraluminal prostheses are provided and include immersing polymeric material of an intraluminal prosthesis in a densified carbon dioxide composition under controlled conditions such that toxic materials are absorbed by the densified carbon dioxide composition.