Abstract: Degradable macromolecular magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents for use in various diagnostic procedures, and methods for synthesizing, using and degrading these agents, are described. The macromolecule contrast agents disclosed in various aspects of this invention are degradable gadolinium compounds which show prolonged plasma retention, and enhanced permeability and retention in solid tumors, but are still capable of being rapidly cleared from the body.

Abstract: Disclosed is an anti-cancer medicine comprising a chain end functionalized polymer, a contrast material such as iron oxide and a chemotherapeutic agent such as doxorubicin or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The anti-cancer medicine performs diagnosis and treatment of cancer at the same time, remarkably reduces a cardiotoxic side effect of the doxorubicin and has an excellent targeting function to the cancer part to considerably increase the anti-cancer effect. At the same time, the anti-cancer medicine is provided as MRI contrast medium which can diagnose the cancer and monitor a progress of the disease. In particular, the anti-cancer medicine is disclosed which is superior to the diagnosis and treatment of the solid cancer and can effectively perform the diagnosis and treatment of the metastatic cancer as well as the primary cancer at the same time.

Abstract: Compounds useful for associating with nanoparticle or microparticle emulsions to obtain magnetic resonance images permit control of the relaxivity of the signal and readily associate with the particulate components.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides smart contrast agents for transition metals and a method of using the same. The smart contrast agents include a core peptide and a first labeling group attached to a first end of the core peptide. The smart contrast agents can also include a second labeling group attached to a second end of the core peptide. The core peptide can bind to transition metals, and can be homologous to a fragment selected from the extended octarepeat region of a prion protein.

Abstract: Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to compositions, methods, devices, systems, and products regarding frozen particles. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles include materials at low temperatures. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles provide vehicles for delivery of particular agents. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles are administered to at least one biological tissue.

Abstract: A method of therapeutic treatment of CNS disorders using local convection enhanced delivery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of hyperpolarized 89Y. Hyperpolarized 89Y may be used as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agents for sensitive detection and imaging.

Abstract: Erythrocytes exposed to dialysis with an hypotonic buffer stably take up superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and may be used MRI contrast agents. Such erythrocytes may also be used as drug delivery vehicles.

Abstract: An important step towards successful drug targeting with nanoparticles is developing a method to coat the nanoparticles with a useful drug. BSA was used by us to mimic the actual drug for its cost effectiveness during initial trials. We have successfully immobilized BSA onto three (PEG, PEMA and glutamic acid) out of four different surfactant capped nanocomposites. We found that the BSA immobilized particles showed excellent colloidal stability in water and stayed well suspended without any sign of agglomeration or settling. The suspended particles were easily accumulated using a magnet and could be re-dispersed readily. These properties indicate that the BSA immobilized iron oxide nanocomposites are excellent candidates for directed drug convection (DDC).

Abstract: The present invention relates to diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) derivates and metal complexes thereof, and radiation sources and contrast agents including the metal complexes. More particularly, the present invention relates to DTPA derivatives, which contain iodine and are useful as contrast agents for diagnosing renal function, metal complexes of the DTPA derivatives with 99mTc, 166Ho, 111In, 90Y, 153Sm, 186Re, 188Re, 68Ga, or 177Lu, which are useful as liquid radiation sources for treating vascular stenosis and contrast agents for diagnosing renal function, and radiation sources and contrast agents including the metal complexes. The DTPA derivatives and metal complexes thereof are safe because the metal complexes are excreted via the kidneys and bladder within several minutes from the time of use as liquid radiation sources for treating vascular stenosis, and are cost-effective because they are potentially useful as contrast agents and as agents for diagnosing renal function.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a biocompatible nanoparticle or nanoparticle aggregate, in combination with an external non-oscillating magnetic field, wherein said nanoparticle comprises: a) a core comprising magnetic material; b) a biocompatible shell surrounding the core, and, optionally; c) a labelling agent wherein the outer diameter of the shell is less than about 100 nm, to prepare a composition, wherein the composition is deprived of any cell targeting means. The present invention further relates to the compositions thus obtained and to their uses in the field of human health, for the treatment of cancer, or in diagnostic (imaging for example), for the monitoring of tumor evolution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of selectively targeting an active agent (or agent capable of becoming an active agent) to apoptotic cells in a vertebrate, comprising administering to said vertebrate a system comprising an arsenoxide (or arsenoxide equivalent) compound and said agent, wherein said system selectively targets apoptotic cells.

Abstract: The invention provides a source of sodium thiosulfate via the dialysate used to cleanse the blood of toxic and metabolic waste in patients undergoing hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or gastrointestinal dialysis for treatment of end-stage or near end-stage chronic renal disease. In the method of the invention, dialysis solution components contain therapeutic amounts of sodium thiosulfate, which when fully reconstituted for use as a single solution, deliver 20-130 mg/dl of dialysate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for obtaining an image of ischemic, infarcted or necrotic tissue in a subject, comprising the step of administering an imaging agent comprising a phenanthro[1,10,9,8-opqra]perylene-7,14-dione compound. For example, the invention concerns to the use of phenanthro[1,10,9,8-opqra]perylene-7,14-dione derivatives, and more specifically hypericin or its derivatives, as necrosis or infarct specific agents. The phenanthro[1,10,9,8-opqra]perylene-7,14-dione derivatives can be labeled with a radionuclide, a radiopaque material or a material enhancing the effects magnetic resonance imaging. The invention further features a pharmaceutical composition comprising a phenanthro[1,10,9,8-opqra]perylene-7,14-dione compound optionally conjugated to a radionuclide or a radiopaque material, provided that said phenanthro[1,10,9,8-opqra]perylene-7,14-dione compound is not mono-[123I]-iodohypericin.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. In particular, the present invention provides a MRI contrast agent configured to manipulate both the longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation times of surrounding water proton spins.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Imaging of a substrate molecule different from water wherein the NMR signal is enhanced by a reversible binding of the substrate molecule to a paramagnetic chelate complex, as well as to the use of a paramagnetic chelate complex in said method and the pharmaceutical composition for use therein.

Abstract: A system and method for indirectly measuring calcium ion efflux from a cell of a subject by using manganese ions as a surrogate marker for calcium is disclosed. Manganese ion efflux is measured with a MEMRI T1-mapping method while the calcium-sodium exchanger is inhibited.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for imaging and for chemotherapy and radiotherapy are disclosed. More particularly, the invention concerns agents comprising a targeting moeity comprising a beta-adrenergic receptor targeting compound conjugated or embedded with ethylenediamine. The present invention also concerns methods of application of such agents for imaging and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and kits for preparing a radiolabeled therapeutic or diagnostic agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of formula (I) and (II), compositions comprising compounds of formula (II) and their use as contrast agents in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (MRI) and MR spectroscopy (MRS).

Abstract: A method is claimed based on CEST procedure for the in vivo or in vitro determination of physical or chemical parameters which includes the use of a responsive paramagnetic CEST contrast agent.

Abstract: A system and method for acquiring MR imaging data from a subject includes administering positively-charged nitroxides or gadolinium chelates for in vivo mitochondrial labeling, acquiring MR imaging data from the subject, and reconstructing an image of the subject having enhanced contrast in areas including metabolic and/or mitotic activity.

Abstract: Method and composition suitable for administering by direct convective interstitial infusion are disclosed. The method comprises: placing at least one direct convective interstitial infusion catheter in contact with the tissue, and pressuring the composition through the catheter. The composition is in a liquefied form having a viscosity above a predetermined value. The predetermined value is selected so as to improve infusion of the compositions into interstitial volumes of the tissue, while minimizing backflow of the compositions along an outer wall of the catheter or leakage into low resistance paths. It is demonstrated that high viscosity results in higher treatment efficiency.

Abstract: A detection agent, including a polymerized liposome, a lectin, and an imaging agent, can be administered to an animal for the detection of polyps in the lower gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: The present invention relates to contrast agents for MRI and related methods of use.

Abstract: An exemplary optical limiter device (100) has an optically transmissive substrate (102) and a layer (104) on a first surface (106) of the substrate, the layer having a trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerene. The layer can be a thin film of the trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerene, a layer material with a cavity containing a solution with the trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerene, a sol-gel with a trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerene, and a self assembled monolayer with a trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerene. The layers of trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerenes can be vapor deposited, solution deposited and/or self assembled onto optical components. The third-order nonlinear properties of these films provide desired transmission characteristics.

Abstract: Macromolecular contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging are described. Biomolecules and their modified derivatives form stable complexes with paramagnetic ions thus increasing the molecular relaxivity of carriers. The synthesis of biomolecular based nanodevices for targeted delivery of MRI contrast agents are described. Nanoparticles (NP) have been constructed by self-assembling of chitosan (CHIT) as polycation and poly-gamma glutamic acids (PGA) as polyanion. NP's are capable of Gd-ion uptake forming a particle with suitable molecular relaxivity. Folic acid (FA) is linked to the NP's to produce NP-FA bioconjugates that can be used for targeted in vitro delivery to a human cancer cell line.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drug delivery system that overcomes conventional technical problems and that is readily put to practical use. Iron-salen complexes represented by General Formula (I) below. The invention renders iron-salen complexes magnetic, which can thus be used as drugs that can be delivered to affected areas in the body using the inherent magnetic properties of the drug without employing carriers composed of magnetic substances as has been done hitherto.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method, in particular to a MRI method enabling early detection of myocardial ischemia.

Abstract: A chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) contrast agent is provided. One embodiment includes a ligand and a functional group linked to the ligand. The functional group has a hydrogen exchange site and is capable of undergoing a change in chemical functionality by enzyme catalysis or reaction with a metabolite to change the chemical exchange rate or the MR frequency of the hydrogen exchange site.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for treating a treating and diagnosing a B cell-related disease, T cell-related disease or an autoimmune disease in a mammal by concurrently or sequentially administering to the mammal a therapeutic composition that comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle and at least one conjugated antibody, wherein predosing with a non-radiolabeled antibody is not performed.

Abstract: A method is claimed based on CEST procedure for the in vivo or in vitro determination of physical or chemical parameters which includes the use of a responsive paramagnetic CEST contrast agent.

Abstract: Compounds useful for associating with nanoparticle or microparticle emulsions to obtain magnetic resonance images permit control of the relaxivity of the signal and readily associate with the particulate components. The compounds are conveniently prepared from achiral derivatives of chelating moieties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the in vivo, ex vivo, or in vitro determination of physical or chemical parameters of diagnostic interest by use of a slow tumbling paramagnetic agent that is responsive to changes of said physical or chemical parameter through changes in the R2p/R1p ratio allowing the determination of the said parameter in a manner that is independent on the actual agent concentration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dynamic nuclear polarisation method for producing hyperpolarised carboxylates of organic amines and amino compounds and compositions for use in that method. The DNP agent preferably is a stable oxygen-based, sulphur-based or carbon-based trityl radical. Optionally a paramagnetic metal ion is present.

Abstract: Various biocompatible polymers having platinum compounds conjugated thereto are prepared. Such polymers are useful for a variety of drug, biomolecule, and imaging agent delivery applications. Also disclosed are methods of using the polymers to treat, diagnose, and/or image a subject.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of dynamic nuclear polarisation (DNP) using a combination of a trityl radical and a paramagnetic metal ion as the polarising agent leading to enhanced levels of polarisation in the sample to be polarised and to compositions and polarising agents for use in the method.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to biotin-containing compounds that are useful as imaging agents and drug-delivery agents. Another aspect of the invention relates to the aforementioned compounds chelated to a metal atom. In a preferred embodiment, the metal atom is a gadolinium. Another aspect of the invention relates to a compound comprising three biotin moieties and a pharmaceutical agent covalently bound to a heterocyclic core. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical agent is an antibiotic, antiviral, or radionuclide. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of treating disease involving administering the compounds of the invention to a mammal. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of acquiring a magnetic resonance image using the compounds of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-naturally occurring lipoprotein nanoplatform (“LBNP”) comprising at least one cell surface receptor ligand; at least one lipoprotein; and at least one diagnostic agent and/or at least one therapeutic agent. In embodiments of the present invention, the cell surface receptor ligand is not a low-density lipoprotein receptor ligand and the cell surface receptor ligand is covalently bonded to the apoprotein. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical formulations comprising LBNPs and methods of making the LBNPs.

Abstract: The present invention teaches a micro-porous injectable, soft elastic, fully resorbable fibrin-based composition for use as a soft tissue lumen and void filler. The composition of the present application exhibits physical characteristics, such as mechanical properties, typically seen in elastomers and mechanical stability, which is superior to fibrin alone. A variety of properties of the composition of the present invention can be effectively fine-tuned and altered by adjusting type and content of the particles as well as of the plasticizer contained in the void filler composition.

Abstract: A contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging comprising a complex of a paramagnetic cation, preferably Gd+3, Dy+3, and Fe+3 with three equivalents of a charge neutralizing chelator that provides a lipid soluble complex of the paramagnetic cation is described. The complex is retained intracellularly when introduced into a mammalian cell. A method of providing an image of an internal pathology of a patient by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by administering the MRI contrast agent or tagged cells to the patient and scanning the patient using magnetic resonance imaging to obtain visible images of the internal pathology of the patient is also set forth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of targeting liposomes comprising vector compounds conjugated to the hydrophilic part of modified phospholipids. The present invention provides the modified phospholipids and liposomes containing said modified phospholipids.

Abstract: Various biodegradable polyglutamate-amino acids comprising recurring units of the general formulae (I) and (II) are prepared. Such polymers are useful for variety of drug, targeting, stabilizing and/or imaging agent delivery applications.

Abstract: A contrast agent characterized in that each of carbon nanohorns forming a carbon nanohorn aggregate has an opening at the side wall or tip, wherein a metal M (at least one metal selected from among paramagnetic metals, ferromagnetic metals, and superparamagnetic metals) or a compound of the metal M is incorporated in or dispersed on each of the carbon nanohorns. A contrast agent characterized in that it contains a Gd oxide. There is provided a contrast agent, which can be mass-produced easily, and satisfies the requirement of low toxicity and enables microscopic diagnoses when used for MRI. A contrast agent characterized in that is contains a carbon nanohorn aggregate.

Abstract: An MRI contrast agent enables direct detection and imaging of exfoliated vascular endothelial sites. The MRI contrast agent includes an imaging unit which contains an unpaired electron-carrying atom and/or molecule and is capable of amplifying or reducing MRI signals, and a detection unit which is bonded to the imaging unit and is capable of selectively recognizing exfoliated vascular endothelial sites and binding thereto.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents and methods of detecting physiological signals or substances.

Abstract: A method for improving uptake of contrast agents, such as manganese-based contrast agents, is neuronal imaging of areas such as the spinal cord and cortical spinal tract with magnetic resonance imaging are provided. Electrical stimulation is applied to the subject in order to increase uptake of the contrast agent in to the neuron, resulting in an improved image.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of perfluoroalkyl-containing metal complexes that have a critical micelle formation concentration <10?3 mol/l, a hydrodynamic micelle diameter (2 Rh)>1 nm and a proton relaxivity in plasma (R1)>10 l/mmol·s as contrast media in MR imaging for visualization of intravascular thrombi.

Abstract: A new use in magnetic resonance imaging employing a field greater than 1.5 Tesla, of a porphyrin compound of the following general formula I is provided: in which R0 and R?0 are such that the compound is soluble in a biological medium, and M denotes a paramagnetic metal ion, advantageously Mn3+. The present invention also relates to novel porphyrin compounds.

Abstract: Cyclen-based chelates can be used as contrast agents for multi-modal imaging of tissue cells. The cyclen-based chelates are preferably polyazamacrocyclic molecules formed from 1,4,7,10 tetraazacyclododecane (“cyclen”) having varying chelating ions, phosphoester chains, and light harvesting moieties. By changing the chelating ion, phosphoester chain length and/or the light harvesting moiety different imaging techniques, such as MRI, CT, fluorescence and absorption, x-ray and NIR, may be employed to image the tissue cells. Additionally, the cyclen-based chelates may be conjugated to provide for site-specific delivery of the cyclen-based chelate to the desired tissue cells. The cyclen-based chelates may also be delivered to the tissue cells by attaching the cyclen-based chelates to a polymeric delivery vehicle. Although these cyclen-based chelates have a wide variety of application, the preferred use is for imaging of cancer cells, such as brain cancer, for improving resection of a cancerous tissue.

Abstract: This invention relates to bifunctional detection agents useful for providing high-resolution, in vivo imaging of biochemical activity in a living organism. Methods of using these bifunctional detection agents may comprise administering them into a living organism, and then estimating the localization of the detection agent using one modality (i.e., MRI), while concurrently estimating the level of biological activity using a second modality (i.e., optical imaging). One of the bifunctional detection agents comprises a magnetic resonance component and an optical imaging component. The magnetic resonance component comprises a contrast agent that is always activated or “on”. The optical imaging component comprises an activatable contrast agent or dye that is activated or turned “on” only in the presence of a particular event.