Abstract: An apparatus for checking or controlling cross-linking in products made of elastomeric material which is the object of the present invention, comprises a mold of a fixed volume provided with at least one pressure sensor able to detect pressure variations in the mould during cross-linking in order to obtain data referring to the progress of the cross-linking in the case of laboratory applications, while, should the apparatus be used in manufacturing, it can provide an automatic control of the duration of the various stages of the manufacturing cycle by means of microprocessor controlled equipment to which such sensors are connected.

Abstract: A monitor device for a screw position and an internal die pressure is used by an injection molding machine for driving a screw (29) by a servo motor (27). During injection, a sequentially updated address from an address generator (20) is supplied to first and second memories (16, 18) through an address switching circuit (21) to designate addresses of the memories (16, 18) so that the output from a pulse counter (15), which represents the screw position, and the output from an analog/digital converter (17), which represents the internal pressure of a die (30), are sequentially stored in the first and second memories (16, 18). During monitoring, the values stored in the first and second memories (16, 18) are read out through the address switching circuit (21) which has performed switching, and the relationship between the screw position and the internal die pressure is displayed on a display unit (25).

Abstract: Disclosed is a switching control system for a unit torque limit value of an injection molding machine servo motor (M) to limit a torque instruction (e) supplied from a servo circuit (8) to the servo motor (M) so as to optimize an injection pressure, a holding pressure, and a back pressure.During metering as compared with injection, an output level of a D/A converter (9) for receiving the torque limit instruction (g) is set to be smaller by a predetermined value to reduce the unit torque limit level. A unit torque limit value of the back pressure during metering is set to be smaller than the unit torque limit value for injection and holding pressures during injection, thereby setting smaller torque limit values during metering in units of smaller values as compared with the case of injection.

Abstract: A technique including an apparatus for injection molding fiber-reinforced thermoset plastic articles is disclosed. The technique includes forming a mixture of short lengths of reinforcing fibers with a thermosetting resin in a predetermined fiber-to-resin ratio and introducing the mixture to an injection molding cylinder. The volume of mixture introduced is at least a multiple of two of the volume of the mold chamber so that the injection plunger traverses the intersection between the molding cylinder and a stuffer cylinder a single time for a multiplicity of molding shots to minimize fiber breakage and balling. The injection plunger is adapted to precompact the mixture by being forced forward until a predetermined high pressure is sensed, indicating a hydraulically locked condition of the plunger wherein substantially all entrapped gases have been expressed from the mixture and there exists no substantial forward movement of the plunger.

Abstract: Pressure is controlled in plural stages of a shaping system for a green tire in a curing press, so that each successive shaping stage is completed when a target pressure for that stage is reached. A radial tire is preferably shaped in three stages in the first of which a first target pressure in the range from 2 psig to 5 psig is the desired shaping pressure; in the second stage, a second target pressure in the range from 7-10 psig is desired; in the third stage, a third target pressure in the range from 10-15 psig is desired. A pressure transducer (PT) senses the pressure in a bladder, one PT for each bladder. A programmable controller (PC) which controls operation of the press, stores and executes a sequence of instructions which determine the optimum desired shaping pressure for each stage, computed from the type and size of the tire to be cured, the period of time the press is down before it is loaded, and the number of heats on each bladder.

Abstract: In a plastic processing machine (injection moulding machine) the amount of working medium to be supplied to the hydraulic drives and to the injection cylinder and the clamping cylinder is regulated to control the adjustment rates via a quantity control of an adjustment pump. The setting of the pressures necessary at the drives is effected in contrast via a directional valve which controls the fluid paths to one of the drives and which is adapted to be connected to the tank via a regulatable throttle point governing the pressure. This simplifies the apparatus expenditure for the pressure control of such a machine.

Abstract: An apparatus for supervising an injection stroke of an injection machine of the type wherein injection parameters are detected at a number of points in a filling stroke, and detected parameters are sequentially sampled at a plurality of points over the entire filling stroke, the filling stroke is divided into a plurality of regions, and the injection parameters measured in respective divided regions are judged as to whether the parameters can produce satisfactory products or not. Such parameters are used as reference values and sequentially sampled parameters are subtracted by the reference values. The differences are accumulated for respective regions and when accumulated differences exceed predetermined permissible values an alarm signal is issued.

Abstract: A rotation control system for a screw of an injection molding machine is so arranged that an injection shaft 2" and a screw (2) are driven by electric motors (20) and (22). An output signal from an injection shaft position sensor (21), which provides information indicative of rotation of the electric motor (22) driving the injection shaft 2", is applied to an error register (35-1). The position of the injection shaft is sensed by monitoring the error register (35-1), and the rotational speed of the screw (2) corresponding to the position of the injection shaft 2" is obtained by utilizing an override function.

Abstract: In a die-casting or injection molding machine transducers are provided for generating a signal corresponding to the injection pressure as well as a signal in accordance with the velocity of the ram device, i.e. the injection screw or the injection piston of the machine. The output signals of these transducers are supplied to a calculating stage for calculating the actual injection power. The resulting signal at the output of the calculating stage is fed to an evaluation device, preferably comprising an indicating device, but also a control circuit, if desired.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for dotting molding tools with droplets of liquid or suspended lubricant in the production of shaped articles in the pharmaceutical, food, or catalyst fields. Pressurized lubricant solutions or suspensions and pressurized gas are alternately passed through capillaries, in conjunction with alternating single-substance nozzles, in such a way that drops are formed on the nozzle surface, in between the jets of gas, and are then detached form this surface and directed to specific zones of pressing tools. The apparatus comprises fast-acting valves for the brief release of pressurized gases and lubricant liquids or suspensions. The delivery lines of a gas valve and a liquid valve combine upstream of a capillary, and single-substance nozzles are mounted at the end of the capillaries.

Abstract: The mold clamping force exerted in a toggle plastic injection molding machine is measured by determining the amount the tie rods stretch. A link is clamped on a lower tie rod near the backing platen and supports a contact that is adjustable in the direction of tie rod stretch. The contact in turn engages a probe portion of a sensor that is secured to the machine base. The contact, hence the sensor probe, move the amount that the tie rod stretches at the point of clamping. The motion is directly proportional to clamping force which latter can then be adjusted by operating the adjusting nut drive motor a suitable amount.

Abstract: An injection molding apparatus including a barrel for holding molten plastic material, a first passage connected at one end with the barrel for receiving hot plastic material from the barrel, a second passage connected with the other end of the first passage for receiving molten material from the first passage for supplying the material to a mold, a cylinder, a third passage connected at one end with the cylinder and connected at its other end with the second passage, a piston in the cylinder, movable by pressure means in one direction to maintain pressure on molten material in the cylinder, the third passage and the second passage, and movable by pressure means in the other direction to exert a suction action in the cylinder, the third passage and the second passage for drawing molten material in the second passage back into the third passage and the cylinder, and a valve means.

Abstract: A vulcanization method and press in which at time-spaced intervals of 1 to 40 seconds, temperature measurements representing increments of heat supplied to the vulcanizable body are taken of a medium used for vulcanization. A summation of the measurements continuously during the vulcanization process represents the heat supplied to the body and when the summed heat quantity equals the total heat quantity previously determined to be necessary for complete vulcanization, the process is terminated.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring data concerning injection pressure in an injection molding machine is disclosed in which a multipoint sampling technique is used to acquire and store injection pressure reference data in the form of a time varying data curve for a first injection molding cycle. The reference data is used to form upper allowance data which is stored in the form of a time varying data curve having a constant offset from the reference data curve. The upper allowance data is then compared with injection pressure data acquired using a multipoint sampling technique during a second injection molding cycle and an alarm is issued if the data acquired in the second injection molding cycle exceeds the upper allowance data.

Abstract: A portable pipe fusion apparatus for attaching plastic side wall fittings e.g. tees, branch saddles to a plastic pipe of selected composition. This apparatus comprises a base plate with means to rigidly clamp the base plate to a pipe main. Two parallel, spaced support rods attached to the base plate at one end, and to a support plate across the other two ends. Movable clamp means guided to slide along the support rods with the axis of movement intersecting the axis of the pipe main. The movable clamp means is adapted to be attached to and hold various of the side wall fittings rigidly, so that the axes of the fittings intersect the axis of the main pipe. Drive screw means held in a quick release split nut means on the support plate, will force the movable clamp in the direction to contact the transverse pipe main. A hydraulic load cell is interposed between the drive screw and the movable clamp with an indicator which continually reads the force being applied between the moving clamp and the pipe main.

Abstract: The temperature of upper and lower parts of a forming tool making deep-drawn thermoplastic articles is controlled with a system which performs the steps of passing a coolant of predetermined total volume through the upper part and the lower part of the forming tool; measuring the temperature of the upper and lower parts; determining the actual temperature difference between the upper and lower parts; comparing the actual temperature difference with a predetermined desired temperature difference; generating a signal representing the magnitude of deviation between the actual and desired temperature differences; and, as a function of the signal, increasing the volume of coolant passing through one of the forming tool parts and decreasing the volume of coolant passing through the other of the forming tool parts for reducing the magnitude of deviation while maintaining the total volume unchanged.

Abstract: A roller press comprising a drivable pair of rollers with a defined nip between these, one or more stuffing screws, associated with the nip, for feeding the material to be granulated to the nip, and a plate, movable in the direction of the screw axis, on which plate the screw and drive are fixed and a pin which can be brought up against a stationary load cell is held.

Abstract: The continuous in-line melt flow rate control system (40; 100) is coupled to a mixer/extruder system (10; 97) including a polymer, stabilizer and degradent feeding system (12, 16, 18; 102) supplying mixed materials to the inlet end of an extruder (24; 108) having a die head (26) at the outlet end thereof. The control system (40; 100) is coupled between a rheometer (42; 112) which monitors a slip stream (46; 110) of melt from the extruder (24; 108) and a ratio controller (48; 93) in the feeding system (12, 16, 18; 102).

Abstract: A transfer molding machine for filling at least one cavity of a mold with a resin by means of a plunger including a resin pressure sensor for sensing the resin pressure in the mold, and a control device for controlling the pressure applied to the plunger to drive same in such a manner that an arbitrarily selected primary pressure higher than a holding pressure is applied to the plunger to drive same until the pressure of the resin charged into the mold which pressure is detected by the resin pressure sensor in the mold reaches a predetermined pressure level and a secondary pressure corresponding to the holding pressure is applied to the plunger to drive same after the predetermined pressure level has been exceeded by the pressure of the resin being charged into the mold sensed by the resin pressure sensor in the mold, and a warning device that issues a warning when the pressure applied to the plunger to drive has exceeded a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the economic and controlled application of grout at each of a series of joints in a pipeline. A short cylindrical tube is positioned in said pipeline opposite one joint at a time. The tube has an outer wall somewhat smaller in diameter than the inner diameter of the pipeline. The tube has an inner rigid portion and an outer flexible portion bonded to the rigid portion only at each end. There is a through opening at about the axial center of the tube, and the flexible portion only also has a cavity therein at the same place spaced from the through opening and filled with liquid by a flexible conduit sealed to it and extending into the tube's interior to a pressure gauge. Air is sent in between the flexible and rigid portions to swell the flexible portion and urge its outer wall into contact with the inner wall of the pipeline on each side of a joint, thereby sealing off that space.

Abstract: A system for diagnosing fault conditions in an automatic or semiautomatic machines, such as injection molding machines. The diagnostic system comprises a display panel having a plurality of lights or other visual indicators grouped in sets for the respective subsequences of the machine cycle, and if no fault conditions occur and the machine cycles properly, the sets of lights will be energized in succession so that the operator is continuously apprised of the condition of the machine. If a fault condition should occur, one or more of the lights in the set corresponding to the subsequence that the machine is presently implementing will not be energized, and the pattern of energized lights in that set is coded to the particular fault condition that has occurred. By correlating the code with a fault code listing, the operator can quickly identify the location and nature of the malfunction.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for measuring the closing and holding force on the moulding die or tool (6, 7) of a pressure diecasting or injection moulding machine of which the closing device comprises a toggle lever mechanism. Measurement of the closing and holding force takes place by way of measuring a deformation of that end plate (4) on which the bars (1) and the toggle lever mechanism (10) are supported. The bars (1) and the toggle lever mechanism (10) transmit to the end plate (4) forces which produce a bending moment. The bending moment leads to a comparatively large deformation which is therefore readily measured by a measuring device (14, 24) associated with the end plate. By arranging the measuring device (14, 24) at the end plate (4), one also avoids damage to the measuring device (14, 24) by the movable parts of the closing device and access to the pressure diecasting or injection moulding machine by the operator is not impeded (FIG. 1).

Abstract: A concrete pressure monitoring device in an apparatus for continuously forming an elongated monolithic concrete structure within a prepared excavation. The device includes a pressure sensitive membrane exposed to wet concrete between a bottom surface of the excavation and an inner form member of the apparatus. The membrane covers an open end of a fluid filled housing so that variations in concrete pressure adjacent the membrane will flex the membrane to cause displacement of fluid within the housing. A remote indicator responsive to displacement of fluid within the housing is operatively connected to the housing to indicate the concrete pressure variations.

Abstract: A transparent, generally cylindrical, wide-mouth pressure retaining vessel or container cast of synthetic resin with a surrounding side wall formed by successively downwardly inset, annular wall segments, and externally reinforced by integral vertical ribs with successive annular edges of the inner stepped face providing support ledges adapted to hold removable shelves upon which freshly cast dentures, acrylic hobby items, pressure-curable art objects, etc. as well as fermentable foodstuff and gas-generating chemicals may be placed for exposure to externally applied and/or internally generated fluid pressure (gas or liquid). Necessity for retention clamps is eliminated by a threadedly mounted closure which carries a manually operable, threaded piston stem disposing a piston in an open-bottom chamber of the cover, which chamber projecting into a container full of liquid causes the latter to fill the piston chamber upon the cover being mounted on the container.

Abstract: A gauge for setting the shut height of dies in a press including a body having a horizontal surface and a vertical surface, a dial indicator attached to the body having a plunger movable along a line parallel to the vertical surface, and a set bar having two surfaces parallel to the horizontal surface of the body and being receivable thereon with one of the two surfaces being vertically offset from the other a predetermined distance equaling the desired clearance between the end of the set block and the opposed die. With the dies separated, the set bar is placed on the body depressing the plunger and the gauge is mastered with the dial indicator being zeroed. The gauge is located on the set block with the one surface of the set bar contacting the end of the set block and the other vertically offset surface engaging and depressing the plunger. The set bar is removed releasing the plunger.

Abstract: Heat transfer through a pneumatic tire being cured is simulated using a linear or two-dimensional network of resistors and capacitors. Voltages are provided by thermocouples to each end of the network, the quantity of each voltage corresponding to the internal and external temperature of the tire in the curing mold. The temperature at any point within the tire can be determined by tapping off the voltage at the corresponding point along or within the network. This voltage can then be processed to calculate an equivalent cure factor and can also be utilized to open the curing press when a desired curing state is reached at the internal point being monitored. The apparatus in addition to being used in conjunction with an actual tire cure can also be used in the laboratory where voltages can be imposed to represent hypothetical cure temperature conditions.

Abstract: A measurement apparatus for use with a molding machine comprising an electrical measurement value transmitter responsive to distance variations for determining the degree of filling of a casting mold, the mold parts of which are supported against one another in the closed position of the mold by means of at least one fluid-operated, for instance, hydraulic displacement device incorporating a closure cylinder and closure piston. One transmitter component of the electrical measurement value transmitter is operatively coupled with the closure cylinder and a second transmitter component of the measurement value transmitter is operatively coupled with the closure piston.

Abstract: Apparatus for regulating the flow of refurbishing gas or air internally to tubular film produced by the blown film process, comprising a pair of opposed arm means or arms adapted to physically contact and sense growth or diminishment in the size of the film, as determined by the spacing between the arms, the arms being independently pivotable preferably about a common axis, or alternately parallel axis closely spaced to approximate a common arc of movement, a gas flow regulating valve comprising a pressurized gas line carried by one arm, at which vicinity it is interrupted to define a gap across which the gas stream flows prior to entering the film, a flow blockage valving means comprising preferably a valve plate fixed to the opposite arm, and having changing position in said gap responsive to relative movement between the arms, the valve plate defining an opening of tapered or variable width, which depending on alignment, partially hindered alignment, or non-alignment with the gas stream, increases or lesse