Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the continuous stretching of a plastics material film, of the type where the film is run off in engagement with two successive rollers which are driven at different tangential speeds, the second roller having a tangential speed which is greater than that of the first roller. The film is run off in engagement with at least a third roller, arranged downstream of the second roller and driven at a tangential speed which is greater than that of the second roller, and it is possible to select as required those of the three rollers in engagement with the film.

Abstract: An apparatus for the production of rubber tubes on elongate horizontal cores comprises two pairs of drive heads mounted on structures capable of displacement upwardly and downwardly with respect to corresponding fixed bases. Between the drive heads there is positioned a bed of predetermined length carrying, with the interposition of suitable cushioning means, intermediate stands for supporting the cores. Adjacent the said bed, on either side, there is a respective ground bar, positioned substantially at floor, level for supporting and guiding carriages which are movable parallel to the bed.

Abstract: Upper and lower rollers have grooves for a bead ring having a clamp area portion produced by a bead winding machine. The bead ring is placed in the groove of the lower roller with the beginning of the clamp area portion in position for pressing by lowering of the upper roller so that the bead ring is engaged by the groove in the upper roller. The rollers are oscillated between the pressing position at the beginning of the clamp area and the end of the clamp area to roll the top, bottom and sides of the clamp area portion during the movement of the bead ring. The pressure on the bead ring is released by raising the upper roller at the initial pressing position at the beginning of the clamp area so that the bead ring may be removed with the same orientation it had when it was placed in the groove.

Abstract: An apparatus for the clearance-free mounting of at least one of the rollers in the support column of a calender. The mounting is for producing plastics material films achieved by means of a roller bearing which is divided into three, a central section or ring and two laterally outer sections or rings in a direction transverse to the major axis of the roller journalled to rotate therein. Each bearing ring or section comprises an inner ring portion, at least one row of cylinder rollers, an outer ring portion and a bearing body portion. Pressure applicator means are provided for displacing the central section relative to the two laterally outer sections or rings in a direction towards and away from the roller journalled therein so as to eliminate play within the bearing. To eliminate the play between the bearing body and the calender support column, an additional pressure applicator means is provided which is incorporated in the calender support column.

Abstract: A device to produce material webs of thermoplastic plastics, independently of the thickness at least between 100 .mu.m and 12 mm includes a single apparatus comprising cooled calender rolls mounted on a respective bottom frame and a top frame. The top frame is adjustable relative to the bottom frame between two operating positions. Of a feed roll pair, preferably directly following a sheet die, one of two feed rolls is arranged in the bottom frame and the other in the top frame. Thereby, in one operating position, the upper feed roll, and in the other operating position a smoothing ledge is associated with the feed roll of the bottom frame. The smoothing ledge is provided at the top frame and preferably has an air outlet nozzle. The top frame is preferably arranged with a slide which is displaceable in a slideway of the bottom frame.

Abstract: An apparatus for stretching plastic dough is provided. A plurality of conveyors arranged in series and a plurality of rollers disposed above the conveyors cooperatively act to stretch dough fed therebetween. The plurality of rollers are freely rotatable and the shafts thereof are fixed to connecting arms which can reciprocate above the conveyors to make the dough less thick.

Abstract: An embossing calender arrangement for thermoplastics material films which can be used for embossing either the top side or the underside of a film as desired comprises an embossing calender, the rollers of which are rotatably mounted in a frame. The frame, together with the calender is displaceable to and from a pivoting position by being suitably mounted and, when in such pivoting position, is pivotable.

Abstract: A magnetic audio or video tape is smoothed and/or otherwise treated by causing it to pass through one or more calenders wherein a large-diameter primary calender roll is heated from within and the major part of its peripheral surface is surrounded by the running tape. The primary roll rotates about a fixed axis and is surrounded by a cluster of two or more smaller-diameter secondary calender rolls each of which has a viscoelastic peripheral layer and each of which can be individually biased against the adjacent portion of the running tape with a selected force. The magnetic film on the tape is out of contact with the secondary rolls as well as with the guide rollers which cause the tape to advance toward the peripheral surface of the primary roll and thereupon toward a takeup reel.

Abstract: A machine for transforming a piece of dough of globoidal form into a substantially circular puff-pastry includes a feeding duct for receiving the pieces of dough to be worked and bringing them in a first roll train disposed below the duct for flattening the pieces of dough along a first direction and to lodge the same on an inclined plate, thus permitting the so obtained elliptical pre-manufactured doughs to slide down toward a second roll train positioned below the first roll train.Each pre-manufactured dough which is discharged from the first roll train meets a first oscillating arm which is pivoted at an end portion of a second oscillating arm which in turn is pivoted on the structure of the machine.The pre-manufactured dough pushes the first oscillating arm downward, while contemporaneously causing the second oscillating arm to be rotated until the pre-manufactured dough is completely released by the first roll train.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the positive drawing to great lengths of lumps of dough already pre-lengthened. This device is inserted between the shaper-lengthener and the chute in the automatic sequence of the different phases of treatment of an industrial manufacturing line for long loaves.This device is characterized by having a turning group formed of a drive shaft driving in rotation, two series of discs diverging either side of the median plane and whose volume determines a drum, this turning group being subject to a continuous movement of rotation, and taking in the pre-lengthened lumps of dough and giving them back drawn after a trajectory of approximately a semicircle across a partial annular space making them roll against a fixed shell.The invention concerns installations for the automatic shaping of long loaves.

Abstract: An embossing calender for thermoplastics films in which the film is embossed by passage between an embossing roller and a counter-roller and in which the rollers can be rapidly changed or replaced. This is achieved by providing separate support arrangements for the two rollers, which arrangements permit the respective rollers to be displaced into and out of their working positions. The support arrangement for the embossing roller comprises a support member along which at least one holder for the roller is displaceable between a working position and at least one further inoperative position. This permits the selective positioning of each holder and its associated roller.The arrangement for the counter-roller comprises a support which has a pivotally mounted displacement device associated therewith. The displacement device includes holders.

Abstract: An apparatus for rolling plastic dough is provided. Two conveyors and one roller between them are serially arranged and driven at different speeds. A circular endless roller mechanism is disposed above the conveyors and adapted to be displaced along the conveyance path to adjust the thickness of a dough sheet to be obtained. The roller between the conveyors can move vertically to adjust the vertical distance from it to the endless roller path of the roller mechanism.The combination of these devices make possible an effective rolling and stretching of the dough while the thickness of the dough to be flattened is easily adjusted.

Abstract: A fabric fusing device is described having a heat box and a conveyor assembly with a continuous belt. The conveyor assembly is floating above the belt at a preselected distance therefrom and may be pivoted from a horizontal, essentially operating position and a vertical position for maintenance. The belt is supported by rollers, one of which is adjustable for rightening the belt and to compensate for variations in the belt's longitudinal dimensions.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for continuously forming embossed sheets having good mechanical properties but no directional property. The apparatus has a pair of temperature-adjustable forming rolls, axial distance regulating devices to control the distance between the axes of the pair of forming rolls and a driving means for rotating the pair of forming rolls, each of the pair of forming rolls being provided with a plurality of ring-shaped blocks having a large number of projections on their circumferential surfaces; and the method comprises the steps of: introducing a sheet into a space between the pair of forming rolls, bringing the sheet into contact with the projections of the forming rolls, where the projections of the pair of forming rolls engage with one another without pressed contact, thereby making the sheet undergo plastic deformation and forming a large number of projections on both sides of the sheet.

Abstract: The calender comprises a predetermined number of rolls and at least one of the rolls, for example, the outer roll or the lowest roll of such predetermined number of rolls is structured as a tubular roll or controlled deflection roll comprising a stationary roll support member or beam and a roll shell which rotates about the stationary roll support member and is supported thereat. A position sensor determines the position of the roll shell which is regulated with respect to predetermined reference values by a regulating device. A pre-selected number of different reference values for the position of the roll shell are provided and by selecting an appropriate one of these reference values there is achieved the result that different numbers of the predetermined number of rolls are operative while the remaining rolls of such predetermined number of rolls bear against related stops so that their related roll nips or gaps remain open.

Abstract: A calendar assembly for making a substantially uniform thickness web in large widths with rolls having adjustable axis. The upper roll has an axis adjustable in a plane which is parallel to but offset from a plane in which the lower roll is adjustable. The axis of a third or intermediate roll in the stack is transversely adjustable between the upper and lower rolls.

Abstract: A device for adjusting the height of building blocks or similar, which operates to form inside a mold blocks the height of which varies between a predetermined height and a height which is lower than the predetermined height, laying over the blocks an amount of material the height of which is higher than the height difference between the predetermined height and the actual height of the blocks, and levelling the material amount until the total height of the blocks as formed by the sum of the actual block height and the height of the material amount substantially corresponds to the predetermined height.

Abstract: A device for simultaneously propelling and forming images in a means for receiving with a flowable material consisting of a support structure, a lever, a piston, a means of pivoting the lever about the piston, a storage area for flowable material, a receiving member for receiving flowable material, a means for guiding the receiving member and a means of transferring the flowable material from the storage area to the receiving member. The toy device is used primarily by children to form various images in or on strips of flowable material like Play-Doh.RTM.. A plurality of receiving members are operatable with the toy device and include thin square and rectangular members, rotary disc members, and circular members for both a strip embossing and an animating device. The toy device is capable of multiple modifications for use with the various receiving members.

Abstract: A continuous casting and rolling device of the type in which molten metal is introduced, by a nozzle, between a pair of liquid cooled rolls which are supported in a roll supporting structure and which each have a coolant connection and a drive which are disposed on different sides or ends of the roll supporting structure. Each roll is equipped with its own geared motor which is releasably fastened to the respective roll pin as a freely projecting drive unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a machine for forming preimpregnated composite material into thin, narrow structural elements or "fillets" (18). The machine includes a cylindrical lower forming roll (26) rotatably mounted at its ends between two side plates (40). A cylindrical upper forming roll (28) is mounted above the lower forming roll and urged into frictional contact therewith. Annular protrusions (30) are formed in the periphery of the lower forming roll and project radially therefrom. Each protrusion comprises a groove (34) formed in its outermost surface that defines a die. The die, with the outer surface of the upper forming roll, combine to form an orifice (35). Each orifice is shaped substantially identical to the cross-sectional shape of the fillet. A strip of composite material (24) is fed through a series of guides and into a selected orifice. A drive mechanism (36) causes rotation of the lower forming roll and hence the frictionally contacting upper forming roll.

Abstract: A single facer corrugating machine having an elongated fluted roller, a series of fluted roll segments which cooperate with the fluted roller to form a corrugated paper medium, and a series of smooth surfaced pressure roll segments which cooperate with the fluted roller to facilitate application of a liner to the corrugated medium to yield a single faced corrugated paper product. Each of the roll segments is independently supported and can be independently positively located relative to the fluted roller. The roll segments can be nip loaded independently of one another, and each roll segment is independently position adjustable relative to the fluted roller to facilitate phase control across the width of the machine of roll interactions associated with corrugation formation and liner application to control and reduce overall machine noise and vibration.

Abstract: A dough manipulator adapted for manually controlling the thickness of dough is disclosed which comprises a roller with handles and means for maintaining the roller at a predetermined height above a surface, wherein the means for maintaining the height of the roller is placed at a predetermined distance from the ends of the roller. Height maintaining means include spacer rings positioned on the roller or spacer strips positioned on the surface. The manipulator is used in conjunction with a surface which is substantially flat.

Abstract: A five roll calendar apparatus includes five rolls mounted in a common horizontal plane, including three heated rolls with first and second covered rolls. Each heated roll includes an inner rigid core having an outer finished surface. A plurality of grooves are formed by machining the face of the core and a thin sleeve is shrunk fit onto the core to seal the grooves and establish heat transfer passageways. The size of the passageways, the separating lands and the shell thickness are such that the temperature at the surface of the roll is essentially constant over the portions of the cavity and the adjacent core body. The thin outer wall establishes a short time response for correcting the temperature of the web. The center roll is rotatably fixed and the other rolls are individually loaded toward the fixed roll for controlling of nip pressure. The covered rolls are mounted in suitable slide supports. The end rolls are mounted to a torque shaft which provides a high degree of squareness to the roll loading.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing rigid frame building elements filled with hard foam plastic, said method comprising the use of prefabricated, rigid, dimensionally stable, hollow skeleton frames, the hollow interior spaces of said skeleton frames are foamed and filled with closed cell hard foam plastic serving as heat insulation, and the elements are subjected in a press to compression pressure which overrules the foaming pressured exerted on the frame of an element from inside. For continuous-action manufacture, the used press is a (known as such on the basis of size presses) continuous-action press machine whose lower frame is equipped with lower conveyor means (4) and upper frame with upper conveyor means (5), said conveyor means confining between themselves a conveying gap, in which the passing elements are maintained subjected to compression pressure by means of pressure members (7) carried by said conveyor means.

Abstract: A dough-rolling machine intended principally for small-scale baking installations comprises a mechanism for driving the dough rollers in which a plurality of transmission wheels are disposed and interconnected in such a way that the arrangement is sufficiently compact to allow accommodation of the electrical control means of the machine together with the drive mechanism in the same size housing customarily used to accommodate the drive mechanism alone.

Abstract: A hydraulic roll protection system in which positioning of an adjustable roll relative to a fixed roll is caused by adjusting screws acting on movable journal boxes through a pressurized piston cylinder device. A relief valve between a hand pump and the cylinder acts to relieve excessive pressures. A switch valve connects the hand pump alternately to advance the roll journal to normal gap positions and to retract the roll from the fixed roll.

Abstract: A first layer (a') of sweetmeat material (a) is charged onto a revolving heating/cooling roller (1) and is spread out thereon. At least one further sweetmeat mass (b), is applied at a circumferentially offset station, to this layer (a') to form a second layer (b') and define a combined sheet. This sheet is taken off the roller, transferred onto a conveyor belt (7) and delivered for further processing.

Abstract: A tubular article having a peripheral groove is formed by providing the groove in the wall of a tubular blank made of thermoplastic material such as polyethylene terephthalate by applying simultaneously a pressure against the wall of the blank and axial stretching forces. In the bottom of the groove the material is drawn to yielding and the blank is simultaneously elongated.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for shaping of mats composed of loose fibers with a thermosetting resin interspersed throughout. The apparatus compresses the mat and exposes its laterally extending surfaces to elevated temperatures to obtain partial curing thereof. Slits are made in the surface regions adjacent areas where extra shaping will occur in forming the final product. These slits enable more precise shapes to be impressed upon the mat and eliminate the tendency of the partially cured areas to spring back to a position of lesser compression.

Abstract: A sheet of dough is moved horizontally in a forward direction. A roller is moved from a first position, spaced above a portion of the sheet, generally downwardly into a second position in which said roller is pressed into said sheet. The roller is then moved in a forward direction a selected distance to a third position and during that movement the roller rotates to roll out and thin the dough. The roller is then returned to the first position.

Abstract: Apparatus for shaping lumps of dough to flattened disks having substantially circular shape is provided. The apparatus comprises at least a first pair of rollers, generally two pairs of rollers, where flattening of the dough material begins, and a final pair of rollers where the dough material is flattened to its determined final thickness for baking. Between the final and next pair of rollers is a pair of conical rollers, gently urged towards each other, where the flattened dough material which emerges from the pair of rollers above the conical rollers is turned in a plane through an angle of about 60 to 90 degrees, so that the dough enters into the final pair of rollers with a different initial contact point than from the last pair of rollers. Generally, the dough material is elliptical when it is turned by the conical rollers, so that it becomes substantially circular after it emerges from the final rollers.

Abstract: A roller head securable to the discharge end of an extrusion machine, wherein the roller head has a pair of rollers each rotatable between a pair of arms pivotable about an axis transverse to the extrusion machine. Each roller is movable with respect to the other roller and to the axis of the extrusion machine by a pair of pressurizable cylinders arranged between the pivotable arms. The rollers are rotatable, even in their separated state, by an articulated drive system which permits roller rotation during machine output and during roller support arm movement. The rollers are permitted to "float" on a hydraulic suspension system utilizing an accumulator wherein the separation of the rollers is dependent upon the volume of extrudite being forced therethrough.

Abstract: In an extruder with a wide extrusion head and an associated calender, the wide extrusion head defining a sheet extrusion die 16 has an upper extrusion head, part 12 and a lower extrusion head part, which parts can be moved away from one another. At least one clamping device is provided which releasably presses the upper extrusion head part and the lower extrusion head part together and which is mounted in an associated side wall of the calender and is provided with a hydraulically operable piston cylinder drive. In order to achieve optimum clamping of the upper extrusion head part 12 and the lower extrusion head part, each clamping device has a tie rod which, on its one side bears against the lower extrusion head part or the upper extrusion part by means of a fixed abutment, e.g. a nut, or by means of an axially variable abutment e.g. a thrust box 51, which can be driven by a drive nut, the clamping device being mounted on the side wall to be freely movable in the upward and horizontal directions.

Abstract: A method of shaping potato dough into elongated strips comprises feeding a mass of dough from a hopper between a feed roller and a parallel die roller of a continuous rotary shaper. The feed roller forces the dough into annular channels in the die roller to form a plurality of dough strips. The dough strips are continuously released from the die roller onto a conveyor belt driven by an adjustable pressure roller in direct rolling pressure commnication with the die roller.

Abstract: An apparatus for shaping semolina dough ribbons into pasta products useful for lasagna. The apparatus shapes and dough ribbons to give opposite marginal edges which are undulated to provide ruffles. The apparatus comprises a frame supporting a pair of vertically spaced, transverse shafts upon which are mounted matched crimp rolls. Motor and gear means are provided to counter rotate the shafts. The crimp rolls are formed with opposite marginal, fluted edges for shaping the dough.

Abstract: A novel method and apparatus for making elastomer sheet utilizing a novel extruder in combination with novel calendering apparatus.

Abstract: A roller die apparatus includes a pair of cylinder rolls which are rotatably and obliquely yieldably mounted on a frame disposed on the output end of a plastic extruding machine. The rolls are biasedly restrained in the frame to permit the obtusely directed movement thereof with respect to the direction of extruded plastic flow. This non-orthogonal movement of the cylindrical roller members facilitates adjustment and cleaning thereof.

Abstract: Briquetting press rolls are provided for rotation in tangential relationship with respect to each other with unequal peripheral velocities at the point of tangency to impose a shear stress on the briquettes of particulate material being formed in cooperating cavities spaced about the peripheral surfaces of the rolls. In one embodiment, the unequal peripheral velocities are provided by rotating rolls of unequal diameter at the same angular velocity. In an alternative embodiment, rolls of constant diameter are rotated by roll driving means at different angular velocities. In both embodiments, the pitch of the cavity spacings is such to ensure registration and cooperation. The shear stress imposed on the briquettes during formation provides briquettes with greater density and strength.

Abstract: Apparatus for molding clay into flat slabs for subsequent processing into pottery ware or sculpture employs a drive board for containing clay which is driven through a roller assembly. The clay is contained in a canvas to avoid adhesion of the clay to the roller, while the drive board includes a second canvas which assists driving the board through the roller assembly. An improved driving system utilizes an abrasive finish on the drive roller and a rubberized bottom on the drive board, while the upper roller functions as a guide roller for the slab. The thickness of the slab is adjustable by controlling the distance between the rollers.

Abstract: A roll of controllable flexure having a cylindrical inner part and a tubular outer part surrounding the inner part and mounted rotatably at both its ends on the inner part. A heating strip is disposed along a generatrix on the inner part. At least one electrical temperature sensor is disposed in the inner part in the immediate vicinity of the heating strip and at least one additional electrical temperature sensor is disposed on the opposite side of the inner part. The two temperature sensors are connected to a temperature difference measuring apparatus and control an electrical regulating circuit to which a power circuit containing the heating strip is connected. The power delivered to the heating strip is so regulated that a preset temperature difference between the heated and unheated sides of the inner part is maintained. The different thermal elongation of the unheated and heated sides of the inner part produces an arching of the inner part which is transmitted to the outer part.

Abstract: The multi-roll calender for producing a sheet of elastomeric material comprises a calender frame and a series of rolls mounted in the calender frame. The rolls including an intake roll and a series of vertically superimposed rolls, with all adjacent rolls being variably spaced so as to provide variable roll gaps between each adjacent pair of rolls. Means are associated with the rolls for sensing the pressure of the material being calendered in each roll gap and means are provided on opposite ends of certain of the rolls responsive to the sensing means for adjusting the width of each roll gap formed by adjacent rolls to cause the difference between the pressures in said gaps to be as small as is practicable. Means are provided for maintaining the adjusted pressures substantially constant.

Abstract: A calendering installation for the production of thermoplastic sheets of uniform thickness, comprises at least three active calendering rolls, whose axles of rotation are substantially in the same plane. The diameters of the rolls are different, the diameter of the lower roll being greater than the diameter of each of the two others, and the diameter of the upper roll being greater than the diameter of the central roll. The rolls are formed of materials having different moduli of elasticity, the modulus of elasticity of the upper roll being greater than that of the central roll. The position of the bearings of at least one of the rolls is axially adjustable.

Abstract: Herein disclosed are pneumatic tire building method and apparatus for applying a continuous rubber strip on a tire carcass preliminarily wrapped around a tire building drum to produce a pneumatic tire having a tread rubber portion and one or more side rubber portions both of which or any one of which consists of different rubber materials. A pair of calender rollers are positioned in opposing and spaced relation with each other and each having a rotational axis parallel to that of said tire building drum, and at least one comparment plate is vertically disposed on and between said calender rollers in perpendicular relation with said rotational axes of said calender rollers and having a lower edge contoured in sliding contact with said calender rollers. At least one separator relatively movably mounted on said compartment plate and having a lower edge contoured in sliding contact with said calender rollers to separate and joint said calendered rubber materials.

Abstract: For the production of strip material particulate metalliferous material is fed from a hopper into and through the roll gap formed between a pair of contra-rotating compaction rolls. The ends of the roll gap are closed off by means of endless belts which engage the opposite end faces of the compaction rolls and in order to counteract the tendency of particulate material to be drawn into the end zones of the roll gap by the endless belts means are provided for restricting the flow of particulate material to these end zones. By the provision of such restricting means the rate at which particulate material enters the roll gap is substantially uniform along its entire length.

Abstract: The invention relates to the processing of photographic material such as photographic film which has a tendency to curl in roller type photographic processing equipment, without attaching a separate leader portion to the film. After removing the curl from an end portion of the film, it is processed in a roller type photographic processing equipment without curling around the transporting rollers.The invention also provides a method of making this leaderless processing possible. This is performed by deforming a portion of the photographic material so as to prevent the tendency to curl to allow positive self-leading through the roller type processing equipment. Another embodiment of the invention provides a one-piece, partially curled, photographic material wherein curl has been removed from a portion, thus making the film suitable for photographic processing equipment.Another embodiment provides an apparatus for preventing curl in a portion of photographic material.

Abstract: Rolling mill for the pressure treatment of a web of material having two press gaps in each of which a different application pressure can be adjusted independently of the other gap. The two press gaps are formed between three rolls whose axes are situated parallel to one another and lie in two planes. The roll which adjoins the two other counter-rolls to form the press gaps is constructed as a pressure equalization roll with a stationary axial supporting member about which a shell is capable of rotating and in which hydrostatic supporting elements are arranged in rows extending parallel to the press gaps. The application pressure in the press gaps is produced exclusively by means of the hydrostatic supporting elements. The shell of the pressure roll shell is capable of moving in all radial directions relatively to the supporting member. The two counter-rolls are guided radially and axially.

Abstract: The method maintains a set nip clearance at a uniform value across the widths of the calendar, at different calendar loads, in at least the last nip, in the working direction, of a calender stack or the like including at least three rolls subjected to a common work-press load, with at least one roll being crowned to correspond to the maximum load of the calendar and at least one roll being adjustable. The thickness of the material being treated is sensed at one or several points in a direction transverse to the material web, or the deflection, or the load, is sensed at one or several of the rolls. The position of one or more adjustable rolls is displaced, relative to the common plane through the roll axes, in accordance with the sensing in a manner such that the axis of the adjustable roll or rolls remains parallel to the adjacent roll axis. The adjustable rolls may be displaced horizontally either linearly or arcuately to follow the contour of the adjacent rolls.

Abstract: A powder compacting machine for compressing a mass of powdery material to produce substantially flaky articles of substantially uniform thickness is constituted by a hopper unit having a built-in screw feeder and a pair of opposed compressing rolls. One of the compressing rolls is supported for movement close to and away from the other of the compressing rolls. The hopper unit has a hopper, which may be connected to a source of vacuum, and, on the other hand, one of the compressing rolls has a shape complementary to the other of the compressing rolls so that a substantially uniform thickness of the flaky articles made by compressing a mass of powdery material can be obtained. The machine also has at least one barrier employed to substantially uniformly dispense a mass of powdery material falling towards a clearance between the compressing rolls.

Abstract: Thin-walled articles of thermoplastic material are formed in a continuous apparatus starting with heating and extruding granular thermoplastic raw material in the form of a continuous web which is immediately stabilized by rapid cooling of its opposite surfaces and the stabilized web wherein the material sandwiched between the precooled outer surface layers remains at or near extrusion temperature is fed into a thermal forming station wherein shaping tools form the articles in the web without the need for further heating of the web. Adjustments are provided for correlating the cooling action to different materials and web feed rates, for varying the web feed rates and increments, and for varying the shaping tool movements to adapt for different materials and sizes of articles. After the formed articles are separated from the web the web residue is fed back to be mixed with incoming raw material at the extrusion station.

Abstract: An endless belt conveyor extends from below a rolling part formed of each roller clearance of a series of linearly arranged rolling roller devices. The conveyor is either fixed or elevatably adjustable. Each roller device is driven by one common motor to the rolling part of the next rolling roller device so that a wheat flour band advancing while being rolled, in series, by each rolling roller device may be automatically introduced into the next rolling roller device. The band may be supported in case it becomes loose while being rolled and may be automatically introduced into the rolling part of the next rolling roller device even if it breaks.