Abstract: A pipe molding apparatus for forming double walled plastic pipe comprises an extruder which feeds first and second parisons of flowing plastic material to a moving mold tunnel to make respectively the outer and inner walls of the pipe. The moving mold tunnel includes a cooling plug over which the second parison moves to form the inner pipe wall while the outer wall of the pipe is formed against the interior surface of the mold tunnel. An air assist is provided internally of and helps to move the inner parison onto the cooling plug.

Abstract: Polyester yarn is made by melt spinning the polyester filaments which are then cooled at least to solidification and heated by counterflow with prestretching to a crystallinity in excess of 24%. The prestretched filaments are gathered and stretched to after-stretching at a temperature of 80.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. to a final titer of 1.0 dtex to 7.5 dtex with a stretching ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:1.15. The yarn is then wound up at a rate of 5000 to 8000 m/min.

Abstract: A method for producing a substantial helical crimp in a continuous filament of thermoplastic material by generating a turbulence in the thermoplastic material while the material is in its glass transition phase and maintaining stresses induced in the formed filament by said turbulence while the material passes into its crystallized phase.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for spinning polymer filaments permits the obtaining of skin-core filament structure by feeding a polymer composition to a spinnerette at a flow rate sufficient to obtain a spinning speed of about 10 to 200 meters per minute through the spinnerette; heating the polymer composition at a location at or adjacent to the spinnerette so as to heat the polymer composition to a sufficient temperature to obtain a skin-core filament structure upon quenching in an oxidative atmosphere; extruding the heated polymer composition through the spinnerette at a spinning speed of about 10 to 200 meters per minute to form molten filaments; and quenching the molten filaments in an oxidative atmosphere so as to effect oxidative chain scission degradation of at least a surface of the molten filaments to obtain filaments having a skin-core structure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improved quenching of nonwoven filaments utilizing a turbulence inducing bar arrangement disposed in a stream of quenching gas between the quenching gas supply apparatus and the group of filaments being extruded. The bar arrangement increases the turbulence of the quenching gas so that the gas applied to the filament group has a turbulence intensity of at least about 5%. The turbulent quenching gas penetrates the interior of the filament bundle to provide more efficient removal of heat.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for applying an edgeband to a planar edge and an apparatus for performing the process. In the process, one or more gluing edge(s) of the structure and/or edgeband is/are heated to a temperature of greater than 25.degree. C., a heated reactive adhesive is then applied to the gluing edge(s), the structure and edgeband are then brought together to form a composite structure, with the reactive adhesive forming the bond. In the apparatus, the reactive adhesive is provided from a sealed adhesive system.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for spinning a multifilament yarn of a thermoplastic material, wherein the thermoplastic material is extruded through a spinneret to form a downwardly advancing filament bundle. The filaments then advance through a cooling device with two cooling zones. In the first cooling zone, an air stream is directed substantially transverse to the direction of the advancing filaments, and in the second cooling zone, cooling occurs by a cooling stream composed of a mixture of air and liquid, with the cooling stream flowing oppositely to the direction of the advancing filaments. The advancing filaments are gathered to form a multifilament yarn, which is then wound into a package.

Abstract: A fiber spinning device and process for manufacturing a web of fibers comprising a homogeneous mixture of fibers of different characteristics. Monocomponent fibers of different polymers can be extruded side-by-side from the same die system. Sheath/core bicomponent fibers can be alternated with monocomponent fibers formed of the same core polymer as used in the bicomponent fibers. Bicomponent fibers having a common core polymer and different sheath polymers can be extruded from alternate spinneret orifices in the same die plate. Multiple distribution plates are provided with surface grooves or depressions to direct polymer materials from independent sources to only selected spinneret openings in an array of spinneret openings while maintaining the polymers segregated from each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a die for use in textile processes involving nonwoven melt blown fabrics. In a melt blown process, molten polymer resin is injected into a melt blown die and ejected from the die in the form of filaments. The present invention is directed to an improved die nosepiece comprising a multiplicity of adjacent holes offset with respect to each other at an angle greater than or equal to 5.degree. and less than 90.degree., through which resin filaments are ejected.

Abstract: A melt spinning apparatus for extruding and spinning thermoplastic filaments as part of the fabrication of a multi-filament yarn. The apparatus includes a plurality of spinning units arranged in a row in a gas tight heated container, and each spinning unit comprises upper and lower coaxial pipes which are interconnected by means of a common supporting plate. The melt metering pump and the spinneret assembly are mounted within the pipes. A method of fabricating the apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: In a melt spinning apparatus, cooling system with a blower nozzle with slit-shaped outlet openings is used which is directed upon the yarns emerging from the spinning nozzle. The blower nozzle is provided with a bend immediately before its outlet opening through which the air stream is directed to the output of the yarns from the spinning nozzles. The bend is designed so that a rapid and effective cooling of all the extruded filaments takes place, even with a nozzle package with a large number of perforations, without having to provide several blower nozzles. A narrowing at a given distance before the outlet opening ensures even distribution of the flow profile produced over the entire outlet cross-section of the blower nozzle. Furthermore, the spinning nozzles are assigned an induction heating system in which induction coils are placed above the area over which the spinning nozzles extend.

Abstract: A pelleting die is provided, preferably in cylindrical form. The die includes a cylindrical body having inner and outer cylindrical surfaces and holes through the surfaces in which particulate material is extruded to form pellets. The die is formed of an H-group steel alloy, preferably H13 alloy, with the surfaces being nitrided to provide increased surface hardness, resistance to wear, improved fatigue life and improved corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A continuous process and apparatus for the production of melt-spun monofilaments having a diameter of 60 .mu.m to 2500 .mu.m from fiber-forming polymers, wherein the polymer melt is spun into air from a spinning head, laterally quenched in a spinning cabinet with a defined air velocity profile and then cooled in a liquid bath.

Abstract: An improved elastomeric mold for use in fabricating microstructures, the mold having first and second surfaces, the first surface including at least one recessed microchannel and the second surface including an access opening or filling member that extends through the mold to the first surface and communicates with the recessed microchannel. The mold is used by placing it onto a substrate with the recessed microchannel facing the substrate. The access opening of the mold is filled with a liquid material which is capable of solidifying. The access opening continuously introduces the liquid material into the space defined between the microchannel and the substrate. After the liquid material solidifies, the mold is removed from the substrate thereby leaving a microstructure formed from the solidified liquid material on the substrate.

Abstract: An improved short-length, high-speed extrusion device (10) is provided with having increased capacities and the capability of producing high quality extrudates with improved density and pellet integrity properties. The device (10) includes an extruder (14) equipped with a peripheral die (20,118), the latter having die outlet openings (100,120) oriented generally transverse to the longitudinal axis of the extruder barrel (16). The die (20) has a plurality of axially spaced series (92-98) of openings (100), wherein each series (92-98) has a different number of openings (100). Alternately, the die (118) is of radially enlarged design relative to the extruder barrel (16) and has only a single series of openings (120). In both instances, an internal flow-directing bullet (108,140) is positioned within the corresponding die (20,118) in order to smoothly direct flow of product from the outlet (21) of the barrel (16) to the transversely oriented die outlet openings (100,120).

Abstract: An apparatus for spinning, drawing, and winding a synthetic filament yarn, wherein the yarn is subjected during its drawing in a draw zone to a multi-stage heat treatment by heated surfaces. In the first heat treatment, the yarn is heated to the range of the glass transition temperature of the yarn material, and the yarn is guided over the heating surface while partially looping thereabout. The second stage of the heat treatment is formed by an elongate heating surface, and at least one of the heating surfaces is heated to a surface temperature above the melt point of the yarn material. In the draw zone, the yarn is subjected to a tension, which is necessary for a plastic deformation in or directly downstream of the first stage of the heat treatment. The process performed by the apparatus causes the yarn to be drawn and set.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for extruding fiberforming thermoplastic polymers through spinning nozzles arranged in multiple rows are forming a non-woven web of high strength fibers. The molten fibers are accelerated by expanding hot gas flowing parallel to the extrusion nozzles and the fibers to a first velocity and cooled below their melting point, and subsequently accelerated to a higher velocity by an air jet fed with compressed cold air. The resulting fibers have a high degree of molecular orientation and tenacity and are collected on a moving collecting surface as a non-woven web.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for increasing the flow rate of a pressurized liquid through an orifice by applying ultrasonic energy to a portion of the pressurized liquid. The apparatus includes a die housing which defines a chamber adapted to receive a pressurized liquid and a means for applying ultrasonic energy to a portion of the pressurized liquid. The die housing further includes an inlet adapted to supply the chamber with the pressurized liquid, and an exit orifice defined by the walls of a die tip. The exit orifice is adapted to receive the pressurized liquid from the chamber and pass the liquid out of the die housing. When the means for applying ultrasonic energy is excited, it applies ultrasonic energy to the pressurized liquid without applying ultrasonic energy to the die tip.

Abstract: For manufacturing tape or yarns, plastic polymer material is extruded into a film (20, 21) having a pattern of parallel, longitudinal, alternating ribs (31, 32) and deep, narrow grooves (33, 34) on each of its two opposite sides, at least a plurality of the grooves (33, 34) in one side each being located diametrically opposite one of the grooves (34, 33) in the other, opposite side. Yarns and tapes obtained in the form of or from such a film typically have a substantially improved tensile strength and are more supple and smooth.

Abstract: Retaining boards 14 and 18 having vacuum heat-insulating layers 17 and 21 are provided on the surface of a granulating die except a hardening layer 13 having a number of nozzle holes 2, namely, the surfaces of the granulating die 1 which are outside and inside of the hardening layer 13.

Abstract: Spinning apparatus for carrying out a dry/wet-spinning process includes a spinneret for extruding filaments, a blowing device whereby the extruded filaments may be cooled immediately after being delivered from the spinning holes, a container containing spinning bath liquid, and means for bundling the extruded filaments provided in the spinning bath liquid. Preferably, the same means serves both for bundling and diverting the extruded filaments and is non-rotatable.

Abstract: Filament stress in a newly spun filament is reduced in that the air friction between the filament and the contiguous air layer is prevented or limited. For this purpose an air current is generated, flowing in the running direction of the yarn at a speed which is the same or approximately the same as the surface speed of the filament. The air current can be guided on to the filament surface through a tube.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for manufacturing spun-bonded webs with a nozzle arrangement which spins out warps of yarns. The device according to the invention has a longitudinally-extended duct for generating a gas current which transports the yarns in the duct, and a depositing chamber with an air-permeable deposit belt for deposition of the yarns. The deposit chamber (9) surrounds the conveyor belt (2) in the deposition area of the yarns, and is in the form of a gas-tight casing (9), the width of which is greater than the width of the deposit belt. By means of the casing, a greater degree of vacuum may be used to generate the gas current, and thus the yarns are more intensively drawn. Furthermore, undesirable turbulence of the yarns at the edges of the deposit belt is reduced, and an improvement is achieved in the web structure in these areas.

Abstract: Polyester yarn is produced from melt spun filament by prestretching the filaments individually in counterflow with a gaseous medium and then afterstretching the polyester filaments with an individual titer of 1.0 dtex to 7.5 dtex with a stretching ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:1.15 at a temperature of 80.degree. to 250.degree. C. The filaments are collected and then wound up as a yarn at a speed of 5000 to 8000 m/min.

Abstract: A honeycomb extrusion die and a method of making the die are disclosed, the die being made by bonding a die discharge section formed as a separate pin array to a separate die body incorporating an array of feed channels, the pin array comprising a plurality of pins attached to and extending outwardly from a body-compatible pin support which is removed after bonding the pins to the body. The pins may be formed of hard wear materials, and may have any of a variety of cross-sectional shapes adapted to improve extrusion uniformity as well as to form honeycomb cells of a variety of different cross-sectional shapes.

Abstract: A spinning noxxle apparatus for the production of elastane filaments from spinning solutions by the wet spinning method comprising a feed line (7) for the spinning solution, a filter unit (1) having a mixer element (2) and a filter element element (3), a spinning nozzle (5) for immersion in a precipation bath (11), and a connection piece (8) for the direct connection of the filter unit (1) and spinning nozzle (5), wherein the spinning nozzle (5) is joined to the connection piece (8) by a quick-release coupling connection (4), particularly a bayonet coupling (4).

Abstract: The invention herein relates to a kind of slug production device for brick-making machines, specifically referring to a kind of slug production device that is mainly comprised of a raw brick mixture filler trough and a vacuum trough, below which are the the parallel and horizontal members of two pressure tubes and two forming tubes, and positioned at the rear of the two pressure tubes and the two forming tubes are a pair of pressure mechanisms and, furthermore, at the bottom section of the raw brick mixture filler trough and the vacuum trough is a swing-type aggregate crushing mechanism such that after the raw brick mixture is loaded into the filler trough, the raw brick mixture is conveyed precisely into the pressure tubes and the pressure mechanism pistons at the rear of the two pressure tubes operate in a reciprocal movement to convey the raw brick material slugs into the vacuum trough then the raw brick material aggregate conveyed into the vacuum trough are guided into the forming tubes by the pressure me

Abstract: An extruding apparatus for producing a honeycomb structure having cell walls and a skin. The apparatus includes a die (10) and a mask (20). The mask (20) is of an annular shape of an inner diameter (D1) and is located on an annular recess formed by a taper surface (19) and an outlet end surface (18b) of the die. The mask (20) has a top surface (21), which is in contact with an outlet end surface (18b) of the die (10), so that the degree of the opening of feed holes (11a), (11b) and (11c) are controlled by the particular shape of the end surface (21). A change of the mask to the one as shown by a phantom line (30) allows the shape of the top surface to be changed from the one shown by (21) to the one shown by (31), which allows the degree of the opening of the feed holes (11a), (11b) and (11c) to be desirably controlled.

Abstract: There is provided a fabric which has been produced in a pneumatic chamber which has tiny grooves over an effective amount of its fluid contacting surface. Also provided is a method of producing a web having greater uniformity by producing it with pneumatic chambers having surface grooves. Fabrics produced in such a manner have greater uniformity when measured by permeability, basis weight or CD and MD strength properties.

Abstract: Improved equipment and method for spinning filaments for nonwovens using an integral spinbank including one or more spinplates producing filament bundles separated by one or more central conduits for quench air. Embodiments include high velocity quench air driven into the central conduit or quench air blown or drawn in from outside the filaments into the central conduit. Means may also be provided for removal of undesired waxes and/or other condensates through a central exhaust removal using the central conduit. As quench air velocity is increased through the central conduit, the streams tend to improve total quench flow by deflecting opposing flows into a uniform stream. Other variations include division of quench air into flow zones that may be independently controlled and varying the angle of quench air flow and/or the spinplates to maintain separation distance between quench air and filament bundles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spin beam (1) for spinning a plurality of synthetic filament yarns and a spinning machine comprising a spin beam (1) of this type. The spin beam (1) consists of an elongate rectangular solid, which is filled with a heating medium, and the underside of which mounts two parallel rows of connections (20), each connection accommodating a spin pot (17) with a spinneret (18). From a melt supply line (23), melt is distributed to a multiple spin pump (12) for each row of connections (20), and supplied therefrom via melt distribution lines (14) to the spin pots (17) of each row. The filaments emerging from spinnerets (18) are cooled and solidified below the spinnerets (18) by directing thereto a transverse flow of cooling air. The cooling air exits from a permeable wall (33) of an air distribution chamber, the permeable wall facing one row of spinnerets, and the chambers defining a common rectangular solid.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for processing of material such as organic waste material by compressing and extruding the material, with subsequent optional pelletization. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a container having inlet and outlet ends. There is a first plate (70) at the outlet end and rotatable about an axis extending between the ends. There is a second plate (28, 46) axially spaced apart from the first plate having a leading radial edge and a surface facing toward the outlet end angled from the leading edge toward the outlet end for forcing material in contact therewith axially toward the outlet end so as to compress material between the first and second plates as the second plate rotates about the axis. The first plate has apertures for extrusion of material. A second embodiment apparatus includes a compression zone at the outlet end including means for exerting compressive forces on material in the zone in an axial direction toward the outlet end so as to compress the material.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for forming a single extrudable food stream such as a cooked cereal dough into a plurality of differently colored and/or flavored dough streams is disclosed including an extruder (12) having screw augers (15) in a main passageway (14) for advancing a plastic food mass, a head or manifold (18) for dividing the plastic food mass into a plurality of substreams such as a branching passageway section in fluid communication with a plurality of sub-divided dough passageways, and a die head (30) having a plurality of die ports (40) for each subpassageway. Each subpassage is separately supplied an additive and has disposed therein a multiplicity of in-line static mixer elements (59) to admix the additive into the substreams of the plastic food mass before passage through the die ports (40). In a preferred form, a portion of the food mass is bled from a first substream and fed to the exit ports (40) of a second substeam to create an extrudate including zones of distinct food mass.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing fibers with optical function includes spinning a thermoplastic polymer by a spinneret having an opening with first slits arranged parallel to each other and a second slit arranged perpendicular thereto, the spinneret being formed to satisfy a predetermined relation between the length of the first slits and the width of the second slit.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for melt spinning polymeric yarns, wherein a main melt flow is generated by an extruder and supplied to a spin head. The spin head is enclosed in a heated spinning beam and comprises a mixer, a distributor pump and a plurality of spinnerets. A feed device generates a secondary flow which is supplied to the main melt flow for the purpose of additive admixture. The secondary flow and the main melt flow are combined inside the spinning beam.

Abstract: A method of making a fibrous pack includes centrifuging at least two sets of mineral fibers from molten mineral material using at least two rotary mineral fiber spinners that are arranged in a machine direction along a collection surface, directing each set of the mineral fibers into a downwardly moving veil beneath one of the mineral fiber spinners, generating a downwardly moving array of aligned organic fibers from at least one orificed die that is spaced apart from each of the mineral fiber spinners and directing the array into contact with the mineral fibers, and collecting the mineral fibers and organic fibers as a fibrous pack.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for spinning filaments of a polymeric material includes a first temperature control arrangement for heating a spin pack to a first predetermined reference temperature greater than the predetermined polymer inlet temperature such that the temperature across a polymer filter holder and the spinneret plate in the spin pack is substantially uniform, whereby the temperature of the filaments emanating from the spinneret plate is substantially uniform. A plate assembly having at least one polymer flow passage therein is disposed between the outlet of the pump and the inlet of the spin pack. A second temperature control arrangement for independently controlling the temperature of the plate assembly to a second predetermined reference temperature is provided.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly for expelling a viscous mass, comprising a nozzle having an open inlet end for receiving a viscous mass, an open outlet end for expelling the viscous mass, and a bore extending therethrough for communicating the viscous mass from the open inlet end to the open outlet end, a valve pin, extending through the bore of the nozzle, having a valve tip movable between an extended position for closing the open outlet end, and a retracted position for opening the open outlet end, a sleeve carried within the bore of the nozzle for guiding the valve pin between the extended position and the retracted position.

Abstract: An extruder and mandrel assembly is used in a plastic pipe forming apparatus. The mandrel itself is formed from a pair of elongated tubes comprising an inner tube and an outer tube separated from the inner tube by a plastic flow path through the mandrel. The inner tube is formed by a pair of sleeves comprising an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve which is held within the mandrel by the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve is secured at its upstream end to the spider of the extruder head and the outer sleeve is secured by a releasable interlock to the inner sleeve with the releasable interlock being accessible from the downstream end of the mandrel. Therefore, the mandrel does not have to be released from the spider of the extruder head in order to remove the outer sleeve of the inner tube of the mandrel.

Abstract: A braiding extruder for making braided products from extrusible material. The braiding extruder includes a first rotatable member, a second rotatable member, a rotatable member driving system, and an orifice blocking arrangement. The rotatable members each include a pair of orifices for extruding a strands of extrusible material therethrough. The orifices are fluidly coupled to a source of pressurized extrusible material. The driving system rotates the first rotatable member clockwise about a first axis of rotation, and rotates the second rotatable member counter-clockwise about a second axis of rotation, parallel to the first axis of rotation. The orifice blocking arrangement selectively permits and prevents the extrusion of the extrusible material from the orifices. The orifices, the driving system, and the orifice blocking arrangement extrude and braid at least three strands of extrusible material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a system and process for modifying the resulting properties of a flash spun plexifilamentary film-fibril web and spunbonded nonwoven sheets made from such webs. In particular, the system includes specifically designed letdown chamber arrangements wherein the solution of polymer and spin agent transitions from a single phase solution to a two phase solution in the letdown chamber prior to spinning at the spin orifice. The method comprises altering the configuration of the letdown chamber to alter the properties of the web and the sheet products made therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a foodstuff processing assembly for the continuous, uniform flow per unit time discharge of a foodstuff onto a moveable conveyor belt, the assembly comprising a support frame for supportively holding the pump assembly. A plurality of split pump housings are disposed transversely with respect to the conveyor belt. An upper drive shaft rotates a plurality of gears within each of the spilt pump housing portions. A lower support shaft rotatably supports corresponding lower array of gear teeth within those split pump housings. The input chambers are arranged in communication with a common manifold, and a plurality of nozzles are disposed in a forward portion of each of the split pump housing sections. A pressurized foodstuff containment vessel is in communication through a manifold into each of the input chambers feeding the split pump housing members.

Abstract: A food extrusion assembly and particularly an ice cream extrusion assembly for providing a stream of elongated strands of ice cream or other foods of a predetermined cross-sectional configuration. The extrusion assembly includes a housing structure having a base portion and an upright support structure. A plunger assembly is mounted to the housing and has an activatable shaft and separable plunger head. A container mounting structure is provided to receive an extrusion container in alignment with the movement of the plunger head. The extrusion container has a predetermined pattern of extrusion apertures through its bottom surface. The extrusion container locks into the container mounting structure to permit the activation of a switch and to thereby cause the plunger head to penetrate the extrusion container for ice cream extrusion processing.

Abstract: The object is to provide an extruding die which is easy to be cleaned and which suffers no unreasonable force during the extrusion.The extruding die for extruding a honeycomb structure comprises at least two components, a first component and a second component, which are detachable. The first component includes a plurality of supporting bars disposed parallel to each other at regular intervals each of which has hexagonal posts erected thereon at regular intervals. The second component includes a plurality of supporting bars disposed parallel to each other at regular intervals, each of which is fitted in the channels formed on the lower surfaces of the hexagonal posts of the first component, and each of which has hexagonal posts erected thereon at regular intervals and disposed parallel to each other between the hexagonal posts of the first component.

Abstract: Apparatus for the preparation of cellulose fibers from a solution of cellulose in a tertiary amine oxide includes a spinneret having a multiplicity of spinning holes arranged essentially in a ring-shape. An inlet for cooling gas is positioned in the center of the ring-shape arrangement of the spinning holes and immediately downstream of the spinning holes. The inlet comprises a tube having a baffle plate at one end.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for forming a single extrudable food stream such as a cooked cereal dough into a plurality of differently colored and/or flavored dough streams is disclosed including an extruder having screw augers in a main passageway for advancing a plastic food mass, a device for dividing the plastic food mass into a plurality of substreams such as a branching passageway section in fluid communication with a plurality of sub-divided dough passageways, and a die head having a plurality of die ports for each subpassageway. Each subpassageway has a separate conduit for supplying an additive and has disposed therein a multiplicity of in-line static mixer elements to admix the additive into the substreams of the plastic food mass before passage through the die ports.

Abstract: A melt-blowing system and corresponding method are provided for making a nonwoven polymer filament blanket. Subsequent to formation and blowing of the polymer filaments toward a receiving conveyor, a pivoting oscillating member is provided through which the filaments are blown. Vertical oscillation of the oscillating member causes the flow direction of the filament stream to vertically oscillate thereby increasing the tensile strength of the nonwoven blanket in the in-line direction as a substantial number of the filaments become oriented in the in-line direction on the conveyor.

Abstract: An extruder for producing a food piece in a shape of a natural food piece. The extruder has a pressure vessel for containing a mash, a manifold communicating with the pressure vessel, and at least one die and cutter assembly communicating with the manifold. The die and cutter assembly has an extrusion member with an extrusion wall, a closed extrusion end, an opened feed end attachable to the manifold, at least one extrusion die formed in the extrusion wall, and a tubular cutter member which is reciprocably slidable on the extrusion wall. An opened cutter end has at least one cutting surface. The improvement is where the extrusion die has a shape generally configured to a cross-sectional shape of the food piece and configured to provide a substantially constant transverse flow rate of the mash through the die at substantially all portions of the die. The cutter member is reciprocated at speeds sufficient that a pressure of the mash in the extrusion member is not substantially changed during a reciprocation.

Abstract: A hollow drum is rotatable about a horizontal axis and includes openings around its circumference for discharging drops of a free-flowing substance onto a cooling belt in the manufacture of pastilles. A stationary body disposed inside the drum is spaced from the interior surface of a front side of the drum to form therewith a sickle-shaped gap leading to the drop-forming zone. A channeling member rests against an external surface of the front side of the drum to form therewith an upwardly open channel. The supply passage which delivers the freely flowable substance to the drum can be defined by the channel, whereby the substance would be fed into the upwardly open end thereof and would flow into the gap through the drum openings. Alternatively, the supply passage could be defined by a space within the stationary body which communicates with the gap at a location disposed above the drop-forming zone.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for molding a fibrous material .?.mainly containing waste paper.!., in which a fibrous material .?.mainly containing waste paper.!. is thrown into a cylindrical cylinder from a raw material throwing port, being fed to the leading edge of the cylindrical casing by the feeding action of a rotary screw provided in the cylindrical casing, and discharged from the leading edge, the apparatus comprising: a molding/discharging member provided at the leading edge of the cylindrical casing for compressing the fibrous material fed to the leading edge of the casing into a specified shape and discharging the compressed fibrous material.