Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the production of cellulosic tubular films by extruding a solution of cellulose in an aqueous tertiary amine oxide into a precipitant present below the device, which device comprises an extrusion die having a substantially annular extrusion gap, wherein a supply duct for precipitant and a discharge duct for used precipitant are provided in the interior of the ring formed by the extrusion gap, characterized in that the supply duct (3) for the precipitant terminates below the discharge duct (4) for the used precipitant.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the manufacture of reinforced, three-zone, microporous phase inversion membrane having any one of a plurality of different possible pore sizes in any of the three zones from at least a single mother dope batch is disclosed. The systems and methods include formulating at least a single mother batch of dope in a vessel preferably maximizing the non-solvent to solvent ratio for a given weight percentage of polymer for use in a microporous phase inversion membrane production operation to produce three-zone phase inversion membranes having one of a plurality of different predetermined pore sizes in any or all of the three zones. The at least one mother dope batch is controllably formulated in at least one vessel such that the temperature of the dope does not exceed a predetermined maximum mixing temperature and is maintained at a relatively low temperature (lower than the mixing temperature) suitable for storage.

Abstract: A novel air cooling ring is provided herein for supplying successive streams of cooling air to a surface of a tubular bubble of plastic, after its extrusion from an annular die surface, the annular die surface having a die axis. The air cooling ring includes a ring-shaped plenum chamber which is provided radially-outwardly of the die axis from annular die orifice. The ring shaped plenum chamber has an air inlet, and an air outlet. The ring-shaped plenum chamber also includes an upper lip, which includes such air inlet and the air outlet, and a lower deflector lip. A forming cone extends radially outwardly from the air cooling ring. An annular air passage, which is formed in the forming core, communicates with the air outlet in the ring-shaped plenum chamber. A plurality of axial outlet ports is provided in that annular air passage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mandrel structure for extruding a tube composed of a non derivatized cellulose. The mandrel includes a hollow sizing portion having openings which gather gas bubbles that may evolve at the interface between the extruded tube and the sizing portion and allows the gas to pass into the hollow interior of the mandrel.

Abstract: A membrane having a refined surface as well as to a process and an apparatus for producing such a membrane, and which is useful, in particular, for rapid diagnostic tests for identifying specific analytes in liquid media.

Abstract: An apparatus for pelletizing strands of polymer emerging in molten form from dies with a pelletizer, in which apparatus a cooling section carrying a coolant flow and a dewatering section are provided between the dies and the pelletizer, a running-in rest being arranged upstream of the pelletizer, adjoining the dewatering section and provided with at least one air-nozzle arrangement, which is arranged transversely to the running direction of the strands, is designed as a step in the running-in rest and is intended for generating a stream of air directed essentially parallel to the running direction of the strands, which takes with it the strands supplied to the running-in rest.

Abstract: The present invention includes an extrusion line system capable of simultaneous running and retooling. The invention utilizes a turret device having an upper surface adapted to rotate about a central point. The turret device has on its upper surface a first and second production line portion. The production line portions are positioned on the upper surface such that when the turret device is in one position the first production portion may be used with an extrusion device. When the turret device is in a second position, the second production portion may be used. This approach allows retooling of one of the production portions while the other production portion is running on the line.

Abstract: A drawing device for handling a wide range of drawable thermoplastic resin materials including a first pressurizing tank and first buffer tank on an upstream side, and a second pressurizing tank and second buffer tank on a downstream side are disposed along a drawing tank having pressurized steam and a discharge unit connected to it. A medium supply and discharge may be connected to each of the first and second pressurizing tanks, and the first and second buffer tanks. Opening members may be disposed on respective upstream and downstream ports along the drawing tank. Small amounts of pressurizing medium may then be allowed to flow into the drawing tank through upstream and downstream ports. Next, material may be supplied from the upstream port into the drawing tank where pressurized steam may be introduced in airtight conditions, and then drawn to the downstream port, thereby producing a drawable thermoplastic resin material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for feeding molten plastic extrudates which emerge from dies to a discharge channel having a cooling water inlet which follows the dies, in which device the dies are arranged in at least two rows, in such a manner that in the discharge direction strands from one row and the other row are guided alternately, next to and at a distance from one another, in which device two collection channels, which are arranged one above the other, are interposed between the dies and the discharge channel, in such a manner that the extrudates emerging from one row of dies are in each case fed to the discharge channel as a group via a collection channel, the individual extrudates of the two groups meeting one another in an intermeshing position alternately and next to one another on the discharge channel and being guided onward by the latter.

Abstract: The present invention that also possesses provides a method for producing a seamless tubular film based on cellulose comprising extruding an aqueous cellulose-N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) spinning solution through an annular die in a spinning bath, wherein the spinning solution forms the tubular film. The film is laterally drawn in an air gap between the annular die and the spinning bath by stabilizing air pressure in the tubular film. The level of hydrostatic pressure from an inner spinning solution formed inside the tubular film extends above the spinning bath, the inner spinning solution comprising an aqueous NMMO solution that supports and intensifies said lateral drawing. The tubular film that has been expanded by the lateral drawing process is passes by a turning point in the spinning bath, and directed out of the spinning bath.

Abstract: A device for manufacturing tubular fibre includes an extrusion head through which a polymer and a biologically active material flow. The biologically active material is encapsulated within compartments formed in the fibre. Partial solidification is caused by structure, such as a coagulation bath, adjacent the extrusion head. This prevents breakage of the fibre as it leaves the head.

Abstract: A resin extruding and cutting apparatus including a cooling unit adapted to cool extruded strands emerging from a resin extruding nozzle using cold water and having a bottom wall for feeding the strands to a downstream end of the cooling unit therealong, a cutting unit arranged in the vicinity of a downstream end of the cooling unit and adapted to cut the cooled strands into small pieces, a strand guide unit arranged between the cooling unit and the cutting unit and adapted to guide the strands discharged from the cooling unit a nip defined between drawing rollers included in the cut unit, the strand guide unit providing a strand guide surface for guiding the strands discharged from the cooling unit to the nip, a level adjusting assembly mounted to the cutting unit in such a fashion that a level thereof is adjustable with respect to the cutting unit, the level adjusting assembly hingably supporting the strand guide unit in such a fashion that the strand guide unit is hingable with respect to the cutting unit

Abstract: A cooling ring for a film blowing line, with a ring chamber, which at a peripheral edge forms an outlet gap for the delivery of a cooling medium onto the film bubble (14) and is divided by radial cross members (24) into several segments (34), and with fittings (30, 32) for homogenizing the flow of the cooling medium in the individual segments (34), wherein the fittings have deflector plates (30), which are disposed obliquely to the radial direction and deflect a portion of the cooling medium from the central regions of the segments (34) to the cross members (24).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for practicing the method for making ligneous material boards into an endless board strand with a continuously operating press. The press includes two flexible endless steel belts which take the press material between them and carry it through the press, are carried in rotation by drive drums and idler drums around a press table and a press ram, the steel belts thrust with friction-reducing elements against heated press plates of the press table and press ram and a cooling system that follows. The cooling system is configured as a double-belt holding apparatus with an applicable holding pressure up to a maximum of 0 to 0.05 N/mm2 and directly behind the continuously operating press and ahead of the cooling system a diagonal sawing apparatus is disposed for dividing the board strand into single boards, and on the backs of the holding belts making contact with the single boards several rows of coolant spray nozzles are disposed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for lacing an extruded tube of a non derivatized cellulose through an S-wrap to collapse the tube to a flat width. The lacing to form the S-wrap is accomplished without slowing the extrusion speed. At the start of the extrusion operation, the extrusion path leads between a pair of horizontally lacing members. After the leading edge of the extruded tube has passed downwardly through the space between the lacing members, the members are rotated as a unit to bring them into contact with opposite sides of the extruded tube. This collapses the and creates the S-wrap.

Abstract: A method of converting a plastics material into a yarn in which the plastics material comprises one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of nylon, polyesters, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyphenylene sulphide, polystyrene. The method comprises heating the material to melt it, pumping the melted material through an extruder to form an extruded filament, and cooling the extruded filament. The cooled filament is passed through a first draw roller assembly while elevating the temperature of the filament. The filament is then heated in a heating zone as it exits the first draw roller assembly and, thereafter, the filament is passed through a second draw roller assembly operating at a different linear speed to the first draw roller assembly. The filament is spooled after exiting the second draw roller assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus for calibrating hollow chamber sheet extruded lines out of thermoplastic resin includes a vacuum housing and a planar intake area at a first end of the vacuum housing. The planar intake area is configured to receive the extruded line. Support rollers within the vacuum housing are configured to support the extruded line. The extruded line exits the vacuum housing through a planar outlet area located at a second end of the vacuum housing opposite the first end.

Abstract: The invention describes an extrusion system (1) with a shaping device (3), which has at least one calibrating device (9) comprising in particular a plurality of calibrating tools disposed in succession in the extrusion direction. The calibrating device (9) and/or the calibrating tools (24,31 to 33) are provided with cooling ducts (49) for passage of a heat treatment agent (50). The shaping device (3) has mould surfaces for application against an article (6) to be passed through. Furthermore, at least between an extrusion tool (8) of the shaping device (3) and the immediately succeeding calibrating tool in the extrusion direction and/or between the first calibrating tool (24) and at least one further calibrating tool (31,32,33), a seal device is disposed closing off the article (6) to be passed through in the region of its outer surfaces (48) from the environmental pressure, in order to form a cavity (38 to 41).

Abstract: The invention describes a forming device (3) for an extrusion plant (1) having at least one calibrating device (9) comprising at least one calibration tool (24 to 27) having a plurality of calibration dies (29 to 37), arranged one after the other in an extrusion direction (7), having at least one calibration orifice (38) with several forming surfaces. The calibration dies (29 to 37) have end faces (43, 44) spaced at a distance apart from one another in the extrusion direction (7). At least one cavity (51) is formed between at least two immediately adjacent calibration dies (29 to 37) extending from the forming surfaces through to a passage and the cavity (51) is open across a predominant part of the periphery of the calibration orifice (38) towards the calibration orifice (38) bounded by the forming surfaces.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for cooling and calibrating extruded plastic profiles with a trough which is provided downstream of a dry calibrating device and has a water bath through which the profile is guided, with plates being arranged in the trough between the face walls in order to calibrate the profile under the influence of negative pressure. In order to achieve a high production speed with a low amount of expenditure it is proposed that a sleeve encompassing the profile is provided in a section of the trough, which sleeve guides at least in a zone of the main body of the profile and that the sleeve is provided with a distance to the face walls in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus for spinning solutions of cellulose carbamate by extruding the solution through a spinneret into a precipitation bath, coagulating the cellulose carbamate fibers thus formed and drawing off the fibers by mechanical means, where the fibers are enveloped from the outlet of the spinneret to the outlet of the precipitation bath in a stream of precipitating medium flowing in the same direction, where the velocity of flow of the precipitation medium where the fibers exit the spinneret (plane X1) amounts to 0.1 to 0.8 times the draw-off speed of the fibers, and the velocity of flow of the precipitation medium where the fibers exit the precipitation bath (plane X3) amounts to 0.96 to 1.1 times the draw-off speed of the fibers.

Abstract: A vacuum extrusion line of the horizontal barometric leg type includes a vacuum chamber 10 having an extrusion die 18 at one end and a water baffle immersion cooler 20 at the other end for extracting the extrudate to atmosphere, extrudate shaping and sizing equipment downstream of the die 18, a large diameter fixed bulkhead 16 a the die 18, and first 44 and second 46 large diameter movable sections surrounding the shaping and sizing equipment, a smaller fixed section of the chamber. The first section sealing against the second section and the fixed section and telescoping over the fixed section to form a gap 68 with the second section being movable within the limits of the gap 68. The second section also seals against the large diameter fixed bulkhead 16. In this manner the downstream equipment can be fully exposed by movement of one or both movable sections and adequate volume and spatial working environment is provided for large through-put.

Abstract: An extrusion calibrator, to calibrate the exterior profile of a thermoplastic extruded product exiting from an extrusion die, has a modular calibrating cassette of calibrating plates in a surrounding shell. One calibrating cassette is readily interchangeable within the shell for another calibrating cassette of a different extruded product cross-sectional profile. The cassette plates have planar surfaces, free of fluid-conducting pathways, which greatly reduces the time, cost and skill required to establish vacuum and coolant conducting routes through the extrusion calibrator. Fluid conducting routes to conduct vacuum and coolant through the calibrator are established by vacuum and coolant conducting manifolds and channels in the shell interior and by interplate spacings mating with these channels.

Abstract: A method for producing a window molding for an automotive vehicle having an upper molding including a leg portion, a glass limiting lip projecting from the leg portion, a head portion connected to the leg portion and the glass limiting lip and a side molding which includes the leg portion and the glass limiting lip, a strut portion connected to the leg portion, and a head portion connected to the strut portion; where a length of the strut portion and an angle between the head portion and the glass limiting lip are gradually increased from an end of said side molding connected to said upper molding to the other end is disclosed.

Abstract: The present method provides for a method of conducting solid state NMR distance measurements between nuclei in compounds attached to a surface. In specific embodiments the measurements are made by rotational echo double resonance (REDOR). Other embodiments are directed to the use of the method wherein the distances measurements involve peptides.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a liner for installation in an existing conduit in reduced form. The apparatus includes an extruder for extruding heated thermoplastic pipe material through a die to form a tubular shape, a shaping station for shaping the extruded tubular plastic material to the reduced form, a cooling station to cool the liner so that the liner maintains the reduced form and a reheating station to render the liner pliable to be put in suitable form for storage. The liner may be spooled on itself in a layered condition or on a solid spool.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming an oriented plastic pipe from a plastic tubular material includes a first heated liquid bath for heating the plastic material to the glass transition temperature and a cooled liquid bath downstream of the heated liquid bath for cooling the plastic pipe after orientation of same.

Abstract: A base polymer is mixed with a non-polymerizable compound having a higher refractive index to form a fiber material. This material is continuously transformed into a fiber in a fiber-preparing unit. The fiber is dipped in diffusion tanks containing monomer substances so as to diffuse these substances into the fiber, and cured in a heater so as to polymerize these substances. By alternatingly repeating this procedure, the monomer substances and the non-polymerizable compound are diffused in the fiber and form a graded refractive index. Next, the fiber is drawn, coated with a cladding and coiled. This method can be performed with a high running ratio, minimizing the necessity of scaling-up of the facilities when the production is increased, and easily confers a desired index grading on the fiber. Likewise, the method allow continued manufacturing of a graded refractive index plastic optical-fiber with a desired length and of constant quality.

Abstract: A device for removing unwanted hair, including a hair-plucking assembly and a vibrating assembly adjacent the hair-plucking assembly, wherein the device removes hair by uprooting it while vibrating the skin to minimize discomfort.

Abstract: An extrusion system utilizes single or tandem extruders and a mixer-cooler to extrude a foamable extrudate through a die in a sealable chamber. The foamable extrudate is shaped and calibrated within the chamber. The die is mounted on the end of a gel tube projecting through a gland seal in a fixed bulkhead forming the upstream end of the chamber. The gel tube and mixer-cooler are mounted on a movable carriage, movement of which may be used to adjust the die with respect to shaping and calibrating equipment inside the chamber. The mixer-cooler achieves a selected narrow range of uniform viscosity of the melt at the die depending on the size of the product and density. The chamber is preferably a vacuum chamber producing low density foams. The product exits the chamber to atmosphere on a continuous basis through a submerged orifice in a water baffle immersion seal.

Abstract: An extrusion system utilizes single or tandem extruders and a mixer-cooler to extrude a foamable extrudate through a die in a sealable chamber. The foamable extrudate is shaped and calibrated within the chamber. The die is mounted on the end of a gel tube projecting through a gland seal in a fixed bulkhead forming the upstream end of the chamber. The gel tube and mixer-cooler are mounted on a movable carriage, movement of which may be used to adjust the die with respect to shaping and calibrating equipment inside the chamber. The mixer-cooler achieves a selected narrow range of uniform viscosity of the melt at the die depending on the size of the product and density. The chamber is preferably a vacuum chamber producing low density foams. The product exits the chamber to atmosphere on a continuous basis through a submerged orifice in a water baffle immersion seal.

Abstract: Sausages are produced by co-extruding a uniform layer of acid collagen gel around an extruded edible meat product, and chemically coagulating the co-extruded gel in a bath containing a chemical coagulating agent, such as to provide a collagen casing of sufficient mechanical strength to allow mechanical formation of sausage links by twist-linking or crimping.

Abstract: A method for cooling and if necessary calibrating elongate articles 7 of plastic, in which the article 7, during its continuous progress has flowing round it only a gaseous cooling medium 42 at a temperature of less than 100.degree. C. at least over a portion of its outer surface and extending over a pre-determinable length of the article 7, in a plurality of flow areas 25-35' separate from one another and located one behind the other in the extrusion direction, arrow 5.

Abstract: A sizing sleeve for controlling the diameter of plastic tube includes pressurized sizing sleeve portions in which fluid is injected under pressure about the tube circumference to form a lubricating layer. Drainage zones axially separate and isolate adjacent pressurized portions to allow independent temperature and pressure control. Each pressurized portion has flow stabilizer reducing variations in flow responsive to changes in the lubricating layer pressure. The flow stabilizer may comprise a high pressure fluid source and high pressure drop constrictor comprising fine apertures, which may be formed as grooves milled into end surface of abutting sizing sleeve segments.

Abstract: A novel apparatus is described for granulating plastic strands (4) which emerge from nozzles (3) in molten form and are supplied to a following, downward inclined runoff channel (1) in which the plastic strands are transported by a liquid stream, in particular water stream. Further the apparatus has a dewatering zone (1b) for the plastic strands (4) and a granulator (6) disposed after this dewatering zone. Between the dewatering zone (1b) and the granulator (6) there is at least one tempering zone (9) comprising a rigid, unmoving channel (15) and integrated transport rolls (16) for the plastic strands (4) and having a length such that the temperature differences of the plastic strands (4) across their cross section are largely equalized during their holding time in the tempering zone (9).

Abstract: The cooling of extruded melt film is improved by passing the film sequentially through two cooling baths one arranged above the other. A cooling roller is rotatably mounted in a first lower bath and passes with its cylindrical wall through a second upper bath communicating with the first bath in such a way that a cooling medium level in the second bath is maintained at a higher elevation than a cooling medium level in the first bath that has a discharge positioned at an elevation for maintaining a desired cooling medium level in the first bath.

Abstract: A vacuum extrusion line of the horizontal barometric leg type includes a vacuum chamber having an extrusion die at one end and a water baffle immersion cooler at the other end for extracting the extrudate to atmosphere, extrudate shaping and sizing equipment downstream of the die, a large diameter fixed bulkhead at the die, and first and second large diameter movable sections surrounding the shaping and sizing equipment, a smaller fixed section of the chamber. The first section sealing against the second section and the fixed section and telescoping over the fixed section to form a gap with the second section being movable within the limits of the gap. The second section also seals against the large diameter fixed bulkhead. In this manner the downstream equipment can be fully exposed by movement of one or both movable sections and adequate volume and spatial working environment is provided for large through-put. A simplified lock mechanism facilitates the quick opening and closing of the chamber.

Abstract: A continuous process and apparatus for the production of melt-spun monofilaments having a diameter of 60 .mu.m to 2500 .mu.m from fiber-forming polymers, wherein the polymer melt is spun into air from a spinning head, laterally quenched in a spinning cabinet with a defined air velocity profile and then cooled in a liquid bath.

Abstract: The process according to the invention for producing large-bore thick-walled pipes made of polyethylene comprises extruding the polymer composition out of an annular die 3 and subsequently cooling the melt 7 emerging from the die 3 using water as the coolant from the outside, the melt 7 emerging from the die being additionally also cooled with water from the inside. In order to ensure the internal cooling, according to the invention floating plugs 11 and 12 are inserted, which plugs are fixed in their physical position relative to the extrusion die 3 by means of retaining elements.

Abstract: A plastic optical fiber is provided with a desired length and with a desired graded refractive index. To this end, a base polymer is first mixed with a non-polymerizable compound having a higher refractive index to obtain a fiber material. This material is then melted and continually spun into a fiber. The fiber is dipped into a polymerizable monomer and heated, during which both the non-polymerizable monomer and the polymerizable monomer diffuse inside the fiber, thereby grading the refractive index. When the fiber is heated, the diffused polymerizable monomer is polymerized and the fiber is hardened. The fiber is further coated with a cladding to form the desired plastic optical fiber. Various devices are provided for carrying out the above described processes.

Abstract: The sausage strand is extruded onto a belt and carried through a brine shower system for about 40 seconds. The brine is sprayed through nozzles onto the sausage while traveling on the belt. The sausage is turned several times during the shower to insure even brine distribution. The conveyor speed is controlled to match the speed of the extruder thereby preventing stretching of the product as it is being extruded. The conveyor provides exact motion control of the sausage rope and the dwell time in the brine shower can be exactly regulated. Since the conveyor system is open it lends itself to easy cleaning and visual inspection. The conveyor consists of a frame which supports the conveyor system, the brine shower system, air knives and the infrared heater. The brine shower system is composed of a drip pan, a brine tank, a centrifugal pump and a plumbing/brine distribution network. The centrifugal pump conveys the brine from the tank through the brine distribution network.

Abstract: Spinning apparatus for carrying out a dry/wet-spinning process includes a spinneret for extruding filaments, a blowing device whereby the extruded filaments may be cooled immediately after being delivered from the spinning holes, a container containing spinning bath liquid, and means for bundling the extruded filaments provided in the spinning bath liquid. Preferably, the same means serves both for bundling and diverting the extruded filaments and is non-rotatable.

Abstract: A device for removing unwanted hair, including a housing and a hair-plucking assembly, rotatably mounted to the housing, wherein the hair-plucking assembly comprises at least one disc assembly, wherein the disc assembly comprises an insert disc having at least one arm and two outer discs having at least one arm apiece, wherein the arms of the outer discs may be pressed against the arm of the insert disc to form two traps for hair.

Abstract: A plastic optical-fiber is provided having a desired length and a desired graded refractive index. To this end, a base polymer is mixed with a non-polymerizable compound having a higher refractive index to obtain a fiber material. This material is then transformed continuously into a fiber in a fiber-preparing unit. A plurality of diffusion tanks are each provided with a solution, each solution having a level of viscosity different from one another. The fiber is then dipped successively into the solutions in the order from a lowest viscosity level to a higher viscosity level. During this process, the non-polymerizable compound and polymerizable compound diffuse inside the fiber and form a graded refractive index distribution. The polymerizable compound is then polymerized and hardened in a drying-and-heating unit. The fiber thus obtained is drawn and coated with a cladding.

Abstract: For calibration and stabilization of the discharge product from extruders it is known to use tubular calibration units both for calibration of the product diameter and for cooling of the product for initial stabilization of the product, whereby the calibration pipe should have a noticeable length. For a current exact calibration it may be desirable to effect small changes of the calibration diameter, yet with associated problem in exchanging the calibration pipe. The apparatus provides for a calibration pipe (14) with adjustable diameter, viz. in that the pipe is made of a number of split rings (16), which are juxtaposed with random locations of the splits (18), such that the pipe when seen in its axial direction is entirely unbroken. The rings (16) may be collectively radially compressed in a controlled manner by means of axially extending wedge clamp rods (24, 26) for a uniform adjustment of the diameter of the pipe (14) as a whole.

Abstract: A device for cooling and granulating strands of plastic which emerge in molten form from dies (3) before being fed, either directly or via a chute (22) which can be positioned underneath the dies and has a cooling water supply, to a subsequent flow channel (1) which has at least one device for producing a stream of coolant. From the flow channel (1) the strands (4) are fed into a granulator (16) which is provided with at least one blade system comprising a rotating shearing blade (13) and a counterblade (12) and used for granulating the strands (4). The device is without a pair of feed rollers as an assembly belonging to the granulator (16) but has a pair of draw-off rollers (20, 21) at the end region of the flow channel (1).

Abstract: A process and device produce fibrous starch materials through extrusion of a dispersion or aqueous solution of starch material in a flow of saline coagulant. The dispersion or aqueous solution is extruded through a microporous tubular wall in an annular chamber surrounding the microporous wall to obtain an extrusion flux of starch material which surrounds the tubular wall. Coagulation of the starch material is carried out by feeding a flow of coagulation agent in the annular chamber parallel to the extrusion surface. The fibers obtained from the process or device are able to be used in the paper sector as a substitution for or in combination with cellulose fibers.

Abstract: A molten strand feeding device having a strand cutting apparatus. In the device, a movable unit is placed at the upper end of a cooling trough so that it is movable linearly in a direction parallel to the nozzle surface thus improving the strand cutting effect at the very beginning of the molten strand emerging from nozzles. The cooling trough is coupled to a hinged joint at the rear center and is selectively rotatable relative to the nozzle surface so that the device is selectively changed between the horizontal and vertical types. A spring-biased strand cutting apparatus is provided at the upper end of the movable unit so that the cutting apparatus is brought into close contact with the nozzle surface and smoothly moves on the nozzle surface without giving an impact on the nozzle surface, thus improving the strand cutting effect.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a collagen fiber having microparticulates coated on the surface of the fiber and the method for forming the fiber are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for cooling and if necessary calibrating elongated, especially continuously extruded objects (7) made of plastic as well as a cooling and calibrating device (5) for carrying out the process. With this the object (7) during its advancement in the longitudinal direction is exposed in consecutive regions (13 to 18; 86 to 89, 95 to 97) to a higher vacuum in each case and is cooled with respect to the initial temperature to a lower final temperature. The heat to be removed for cooling is extracted by a coolant washing round the object (7).