Abstract: A floating fish food composition is described that comprises kibble and freeze-dried fruits and vegetables.

Abstract: A fish attractant (1) in the form of a compacted composite (2) which comprises a binding matrix containing one or more fish attracting ingredients, wherein the binding matrix releases the fish attracting ingredients at a substantially uniform rate once placed in the water.

Abstract: Chum balls contain liquefied, dehydrated and/or freeze dried chum encapsulated in a water soluble ball (capsule). According to alternate embodiments, the chum ball may also include one or more of the following ingredients: a releasing agent such as sodium bicarbonate, a sinking agent such as magnesium, freeze dried plant matter, fish oil. An exemplary formula and a suitable machine for manufacturing are also disclosed. According to one embodiment, the releasing agent and the plant matter are incorporated into the capsule material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bait that serves as an alternative to the traditional use of whole or cut fish in the marine lobster and crab fishery. The bait is comprised of ground fish, fish oil, and a unique binder in the form of a wax like substance consisting of 100% natural palm oil or palm kernel oil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fish food capsule, comprising a capsule casing and a liquid or suspension-like fish food product enclosed in the capsule casing, wherein a gas phase determining the buoyancy of the fish food capsule is provided in the fish food capsule, and to the use thereof, a fish food kit, and a method for producing the fish food capsule.

Abstract: A fishing lure that is water-degradable is described. The fishing lure can be a polymeric fishing lure. The fishing lure can have a body that includes vinyl resin and epoxy plasticizer, and may also include one or more of a supplemental plasticizer, heat stabilizer and/or fish attractant, and wherein the body is degradable upon immersing the body in water a body.

Abstract: A fish feed comprising a plurality of pellets or particles, each pellet or particle having, as its principal component, a fresh cultured polychete product, together with at least one other naturally-occurring or organic material, so as to provide a composite diet comprising a balance of various nutrients as required by the aquatic creature for whom the feed is intended.

Abstract: The invention provides a new collagen based technology. The invention provides a dry collagen powder as a pre-cursor for the preparation of an homogeneous thermoplastic collagen-based composition, which may further comprise additives. The present invention relates also the use of said composition in the manufacturing of solid articles conformed according to plastic technology, and to the articles.

Abstract: A process of attracting land animals and/or supplementing the diet of land animals with mineral nutrients involves selecting a location for attracting and/or supplementing the diet of the land animals and disposing at the selected location a compressed cohesive mass of mineral components that when consumed promotes health and/or growth, wherein the compressed cohesive mass of mineral components has a size, shape and mass that facilitates portability, ease of delivery to a selected location and avoidance of communal consumption that could promote the transmission of disease.

Abstract: Compositions for an oral delivery vehicle are described as well as methods for their manufacture and administration. The oral delivery vehicles can be made in any size or shape and can further comprise a medicament or other substance or object to be orally delivered. The vehicle can, for example, take the form of a pouch or capsule. Alternatively, a medicament or other substance to be orally delivered can be coated with the composition. In another alternative, the medicament or other substance to be orally delivered can be dispersed within a matrix of the composition. The compositions for the oral delivery vehicle are also suitable for use as an animal food or treat or use as a hunting bait or lure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bait for lobsters and other crustaceans. The bait comprises fish meal, an alginate complex or carrageenan, at least one calcium compound, and fish hydrolyzate, said bait being attractive to a crustacean and being sufficiently durable for use as a bait to withstand submersion under 50° ocean water at a depth of at least ten feet.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fish attractant formulation for application to an object. The formulation comprises a carrier which comprises one or more fatty acids; and a further component that is a fish attractant carried by the carrier. The formulation is adapted to be retained on the object. Also disclosed are a fishing lure or bait coated with the fish attractant formulation, and a method for producing a fish attractant formulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to artificial bait, and an apparatus and method for manufacturing artificial bait. In particular, the present invention relates to artificial bait that can maintain the characteristic of attracting fish without replacing, retain the scent over a long period of time and be manufactured with high productivity without the need to dry, and prevent the devastation of a marine ecosystem by not using a natural bait, and an apparatus and method for manufacturing the artificial bait. The apparatus for manufacturing artificial bait includes a mixing unit, a kneading unit, a cooling part, an extrusion unit, and a vacuum part. The apparatus for manufacturing artificial bait mixes artificial scent with loess, and then mixes mix gum in the mixture of the loess and artificial scent. The apparatus mixes a bonding agent in the mixture of the loess, artificial scent, and the mix gum, and then kneads the bonding agent and the mixture.

Abstract: A fishing lure that is water-degradable is described. The fishing lure can be a polymeric fishing lure. The fishing lure can have a body that includes vinyl resin and epoxy plasticizer, and may also include one or more of a supplemental plasticizer, heat stabilizer and/or fish attractant, and wherein the body is degradable upon immersing the body in water a body.

Abstract: A method of producing a fishing lure and a fishing lure produced therefrom wherein the method comprises forming a lure body from a plastic material having a coffee material incorporated therein and/or applying a coffee material to one or more exterior surfaces of the lure.

Abstract: This invention is a method of preserving without any chemical additives Ceratomia catalpae larvae (Catalpa worms) for use as fish bait by cleansing, blanching, and subsequently freezing them in sealed, moisture and vapor limiting bags. The larvae is first chilled as to limit mobility, then picked clean and rinsed with water. The larva is then blanched in boiling water, immersed in cold water to limit cooking and dried. With the use of sterilized tongs, the larvae is then placed in individual plastic bags and frozen within another bag to limit freezer burn. The individual bags of Catawba worms can be thawed out and the worms fished within months after they are harvested with minimal deterioration.

Abstract: A method for packaging is described for enhancing the attractiveness of an artificial hydrophilic polymeric soft fish bait to fish, comprising: immersing or suspending said soft bait in a package with an aqueous suspension of biological fluids from an animal, the water-soluble fraction of biological fluids from an animal, or an artificial simulated fluid thereof, so that the soft bait absorbs said fluid and an animal odor/flavor components contained therein.

Abstract: A method of preparing fish food flakes is provided. The method includes the steps of preparing a slurry that incorporates fish meal and flour, applying heat to the slurry in order to dry the slurry into a sheet, adding a solution containing one or more water dispersable nutritional ingredients to the slurry as the slurry is drying such that the slurry has sufficiently cooled in order to prevent degradation of the applied nutritional ingredients, and breaking up the dried slurry after the solution containing the nutritional ingredients has been added in order to form a plurality of fish flakes.

Abstract: A blended fish chum system using dry fish food modified for buoyancy to either provide for a desired floating characteristic or a desired sinking characteristic. Fish oil is added to the fish food used for floating characteristics and fish oil is added to the fish food used for sinking characteristics. A starter fish chum comprising sinking fish food to which crustacean oil is added, is mixed with the combination of sinking fish food and fish oil. The floating fish food mixture, which has been dried, is blended with the sinking fish food mixture, which has also been dried, to form the blended fish chum. The mixture ratio is varied to achieve desired floating or sinking characteristics of the resultant blend. The resultant blended fish chum is added to a self regulating mesh bag with its clip/draw string, which is vacuum sealed to ensure freshness and long term dry, non-refrigerated storage.

Abstract: A new protein supplement for insect rearing contains extracts of insect eggs or cultured insect egg embryonic cell lines from insects such as Plodia interpunctella and Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, etc., to increase the fecundity of insects reared for biocontrol.

Abstract: A soft gelatinous elastomer composition and article useful as fishing bait, floss, liner and other uses formed from one or a mixture of two or more of a one or a mixture of two or more of a hydrogenated controlled distribution styrene block copolymer(s) and one or more plasticizers being in sufficient amounts to achieve a gel rigidity of from about 20 gram Bloom to about 1,800 gram BlooField of the Invention.

Abstract: One method of forming a food product comprises placing a puffed grain in a blending container, placing a fluidized nutrient in the blending container, blending the puffed grain and the fluidized nutrient to form a puffed product, and dehydrating the puffed product to form a de-puffed food product.

Abstract: Soft, tear resistant gel, gel composites and gel articles for various uses formed from one or a mixture of two or more block copolymers with or without one or more selected other polymers and additives in combination with one or more selected plasticizers being in sufficient amounts to achieve a gel rigidity of from about 20 gram Bloom to about 1,800 gram Bloom.

Abstract: A soft gelatinous food elastomer composition and article useful as fishing bait formed from one or a mixture of two or more of a thermoplastic elastomer block copolymers) and one or more plasticizers and a food or components of food.

Abstract: A soft gelatinous food elastomer composition and article useful as simulated food formed from one or a mixture of two or more of a thermoplastic elastomer block copolymer(s) and one or more plasticizers and a food or components of food. The plasticizers being in sufficient amounts to achieve a gel rigidity of from about 20 gram Bloom to about 1,800 gram Bloom.

Abstract: A method of enhancing a culturing characteristic of fish larvae, including administering to said larvae in a nutritional diet essential fatty acids including DHA and AA in a ratio effective to enhance the culturing characteristic of such fish larvae relative to a corresponding nutritional diet lacking DHA and AA. The culturing characteristic may be at least one of stress resistance, immunoresistance, hatching rate, and growth rate. In a preferred aspect, the DHA and AA together comprise from about 10 to about 30% of total fatty acids in enrichment lipids, and the dietary ratio of DHA: AA is less than 10.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the improved uptake of feed additives, pigments for use in coloring the flesh and the like. This improved intestinal uptake of foodstuffs and additives is effected through enhancing the development of the intestinal tract. Specifically the present method comprises of feeding fish with a diet which has an augmented level of nucleotides present therein. The nucleotides may be selected from the group consisting of nucleotides of uridine, guanosine, cytidine, thymindine, adenosine and mixtures thereof. The resultant improvement in the development of the intestinal tract leads to an improvement of the intestinal surfaces to absorb nutrients and/or dietary additives, this increase being at least partly due to an increase in gut surface area, for example through an increase in villus height.

Abstract: A sport fishing system having: a rod and reel, including fishing line; at least one fishing lure or natural bait; and a controlled released fish attractant for applying to the fishing lure or natural bait. The system may further include an applicator for applying the controlled released fish attractant to the fishing lure or natural bait. In the preferred embodiment, the controlled release fish attractant includes: an attractant and a substantially hydrophobic, film forming release agent.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a handleable, flowable coated cottonseed product is provided which involves coating cottonseed with a composition of (a) water or a liquid feed product, (b) a soluble phosphorous source and (c) a metal compound capable of interacting with the soluble phosphorous source to form a coating on the cottonseed, and curing the coating formed thereby, and the flowable cottonseed product formed thereby, as well as its use as a feed supplement for ruminants such as cattle, as a plantable source of cottonseed, and in a method for treatment and/or prevention of urinary calculi or prevention of milk fever in cattle.

Abstract: A long lasting insect baiting system containing wax (e.g., paraffin, GulfWax), a hardener (e.g., Elvax-60), an emulsifier (e.g., SPAN 60), an oil (e.g., food oils (preferably related to insect feeding) such as corn oil, molasses, glycerol or corn syrup), a chemical attractant (e.g., ammonium acetate or carbonate) and a phagostimulant (e.g., food such as proteinaceous materials such as protein and hydrolyzed protein or feeding stimulant, such as sugars like sucrose), optionally a visual attractant (e.g., food coloring), and optionally a toxicant (e.g., avermectin, methomyl, spinosad, phloxine B). A method for attracting insects involving placing in an area where the insects are to be attracted an insect attracting effective amount of the composition described herein.

Abstract: Live bait colorized with opaque and/or phosphorescent materials to luminesce and exhibit enhanced coloration when suspended within a body of water. In one process, the back of the bait is coated with a suspension mixture (e.g. 30% glow powder and 70% carrier) of a phosphorescent pigment and cured at an elevated temperature. In another process, the back of the bait is coated with a phosphorescent powder that is fixed with a spray applied clear coat and/or adhesive. The coating is subjected for a brief period to a curing temperature in excess of room temperature to set the paint and/or clear coat and/or adhesive. Multiple coatings or combinations of suspension mixtures and powdered coatings provide desired colorized live bait without deleteriously affecting the bodily functions of the bait.

Abstract: A fly trap includes a cylindrical side wall made of a mesh material; a bottom wall located proximate (i.e., “at or near”) the bottom end of the side wall; a top wall located proximate the top end of the side wall; a conical entry conduit extending from proximate the bottom wall and providing an entry path to the interior chamber of the fly trap; and a lure holding device for holding a fly lure composition beneath the bottom opening of the entry conduit. The entry conduit may include an extending flange member that forms at least a portion of the bottom wall of the trap. Preferably, the top wall and/or some other part of the fly trap includes a light reflecting device, such as a prism or reflector, to help attract attention to the trap in the daylight. Also, to help attract attention to the trap at night, one or more surfaces may be coated with or constructed from a material that glows in the dark (e.g., a powder containing a commercially available phosphorescent material).

Abstract: A rapid method for assessing the bioequivalence of iron in iron-supplement formulations, particularly iron-sucrose formulations is described, which is based upon the kinetics of reduction of iron (III) to iron (II) in a sample of the formulation. Quality control methods and associated kits also are described.

Abstract: A soft gelatinous food elastomer composition and article useful as fishing bait formed from one or a mixture of two or more of a thermoplastic elastomer block copolymers) and one or more plasticizers and a food or components of food.

Abstract: A method for making an all natural bait, for trap fishing of crustaceans, in the form of dried virus free bait cakes having ground fish parts and a binder of a high bloom number gelatin blended in hot water, which gelatin acts as a binding agent for a dry bait with a finished internal and surface hardness for insertion in a bait bag. The bait, when fished in crustacean-bearing waters, results in a naturally eroding virus free bait which provides a slow release of small fish particles for chumming purposes, while larger rehydrated fish pieces remain contained in the bait bag.

Abstract: The invention relates to attractants for use in yellow jacket traps. The attractants have improved overall effectiveness in attracting yellow jackets, in attracting a broader spectrum of yellow jacket species and in attracting yellow jackets in the several phases of their life cycles when their food requirements vary. The attractants are distinguished by the inclusion of a weak acid in the attractant formulation. The preferred weak acid is acetic acid and its preferred form is a vinegar.

Abstract: Methods of reducing cystine containing animal and plant proteins, and improving dough and baked goods' characteristics is provided which includes the steps of mixing dough ingredients with a thiol redox protein to form a dough and baking the dough to form a baked good. The method of the present invention preferably uses reduced thioredoxin with wheat flour which imparts a stronger dough and higher loaf volumes. Methods for reducing snake, bee and scorpion toxin proteins with a thiol redox (SH) agent and thereby inactivating the protein or detoxifying the protein in an individual are also provided. Protease inhibitors, including the Kunitz and Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitors of soybean, were also reduced by the NADP/thioredoxin system (NADPH, thioredoxin, and NADP-thioredoxin reductase) from either E. coli or wheat germ. When reduced by thioredoxin, the Kunitz and Bowman-Birk soybean trypsin inhibitors lose their ability to inhibit trypsin.

Abstract: A deer repellent to deter deer from eating trees, shrubs and plants. The deer repellent is a mixture of milk, eggs, corn oil and sodium lauryl sulfate. The mixture is blended and applied to the foliage with a sprayer to prevent unwanted deer browse.

Abstract: An artificial fishing lure is produced by immersing a shaped material in the form of a gel including curdlan in a liquid containing propylene glycol and taking the shaped material out of the liquid. A method of producing an artificial fishing lure includes the steps of preparing a mixture containing water and curdlan, heating the mixture to form a gel and mold the gel so that a shaped material in the form of a gel can be obtained, immersing the shaped material in a liquid containing propylene glycol, and taking the shaped material out of the liquid. A lure making kit includes curdlan and propylene glycol.

Abstract: An insecticidal bait composition which is preferably an arthropodicidal bait composition is disclosed. The composition is preferably comprised of a transparent gelatin matrix material and an insect attractant dispersed in the matrix along with an insecticide or anthropodicidal composition. The insecticidal or anthropodicidal composition is preferably a borate, boric acid or derivative thereof such as disodium octoborate tetrahydrate dispersed in a transparent gelatin matrix material in an amount in a range of about 0.001 to about 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: Deer attractant and feed comprising stabilized rice bran and calcium carbonate is disclosed. Limestone is added to the rice during the milling process. The residue from this process, rice bran and a small amount of pulverized limestone, is the cooked in an extruder, resulting in stabilized rice bran. The extrusion process destroys lipase activity and reduces the free fatty acid content to under 4%. The product contains about 12.5% or more protein, and preferably has a 2:1 ratio of calcium to phosphorous. Because of the balanced nutritional analysis and the addition of calcium carbonate to the feed, the product aids in promoting overall deer growth as well as bone growth in bucks. The product also acts as a deer attractant, moving deer toward sources of adequate food supplies and away from cultivated gardens and crops.

Abstract: A system and method of the present invention removes defects from citrus pulp. An advancing mechanism advances citrus pulp along a predetermined path of travel into an inspection zone. A citrus pulp imager is positioned at the inspection zone and acquires image data of the citrus pulp. A processor is operatively connected to the citrus pulp imager and receives the image data and processes the image data to determine defects within the citrus pulp. A rejection mechanism rejects any citrus pulp determined to be defective.

Abstract: Bait for attracting crustaceans, particularly lobster. The bait includes a pelletized carrier composed of ingredients intended for long life in sea water. The pelletized carrier is mixed with specific crustacean attractants and a fish oil is added to coat the pellets and attractant and to allow for the timed release of the attractant. In experiments to date, it has been found that the use of the pelletized carrier and attractant together with the fish oil coating has been effective as a bait in attracting lobsters and has an extended life within lobster traps.

Abstract: An enhanced fish feed and a method of feeding fish with the enhanced feed are described for particular use in fish farms. The fish feed comprises pellets which are coated with a material intended to contrast highly with conditions within cages of the fish farm and thereby become visible to fish at lower levels and humans near the surface. A coating of white material, conveniently a mica/titanium dioxide compound, is appropriate. The enhanced visibility of the feed increases the water feeding volume within the enclosure. This reduces fish congestion and stress upon the fish during the feeding period and increases feeding rate.

Abstract: Novel bisexual attractants for lepidopterous insect pests isolated from pears or apples. A method for monitoring and control of codling moth and other species of Lepidoptera comprising a lure and kill, mating disruption or mass trapping strategy. A method of using a formulation containing the bisexual attractants with or without an insecticide and/or pheromone for control of the insect pests.

Abstract: Methods of assaying insects for pesticide resistance and to identify insect species are based on feeding disruption caused by insecticide such as the biopesticide Bacillius thuringiensis toxin (Bt). Further provided are methods for monitoring insecticide resistance in a population of insects, as well as methods of screening compounds for insecticidal activity. Insecticide resistance can be assessed at the level of an individual insect or at population levels. Apparatus and dehydrated insect meal pads useful in such assays are described.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and all natural bait for trap fishing of crustaceans in the form of dried virus free bait cakes having ground fish parts and a binder of a high bloom number gelatin blended in hot water, which gelatin acts as a binding agent for a dry bait with a finished internal and surface hardness for insertion in a trap bait bag. This bait—when fished in crustacean-bearing waters—results in a naturally eroding virus free bait which provides a slow release of small fish particles for chumming purposes, while larger rehydrated fish pieces remain contained in the bait bag.

Abstract: A process for making bait from poultry waste unfit for human consumption, for aquatic food sources such as fish, crab, conch, eel, shrimp, lobster, crayfish, etc. The poultry waste is picked up from chicken farms and poultry processing plants in refrigerated or frozen containers and are forwarded to a processing plant. The poultry waste is processed to eliminate any remaining feathers and internal organs. The breast portions of the poultry waste are removed and separated and are processed according to various specific client requirements in the fishing and crabbing industries. This processing involves further separation and packaging of the poultry waste, which is then sterilized by either radiation (first embodiment process) or ultra high hydrostatic treatment (second embodiment process). The poultry waste is then sent to a distribution center to be sold to various fishing and crabbing industry users.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes and systems for the production of useful organic product from diverse lignocellulose-containing biomass having increased yield and efficiency over existing processes. In particular, the present invention integrates dilute acid hydrolysis and alkaline delignification techniques in processes that enhance the efficiency and yiel of lignocellulostic biomass processing and enable the economic production lignin-based biodegradable plastics and other useful organic products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an artificial bait for marine animals, comprising cell-free hemolymph of a horseshoe crab. The cell-free hemolymph of the horseshoe crab, which is the byproduct from the manufacture of Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL), is an excellent attractant to be used in artificial baits for marine animals. The baits according to the invention attract the target marine animals better than the horseshoe crab itself. Further, the baits of the invention seem to attract non-target game less than the target game. The present invention also relates to a method of preparing a bait comprising cell-free hemolymph of a horseshoe crab, and a method of attracting marine animals.