Abstract: The present invention relates to an ant or yellow jacket bait that is particularly effective for controlling carpenter ants. The bait is comprised mostly of sugars in a viscous and fluid form that may be readily dispensed into an ant station at room temperatures, and provides a moist, sweet surface that is attractive to ants.

Abstract: Controlled release compositions of matter are disclosed comprising complexes for treating a population of one or more aquatic organisms in a column of water. The complexes comprise at least one system wherein the system comprises at least one bioactive agent as a component selected for treating a population of aquatic organisms, at least one carrier component, and at least one coating component for regulating the controlled release rate and release profile of the bioactive agent in water or at least one bioactive agent and one joint-function component that can serve as both a carrier and coating to regulate the controlled release rate and release profile of the bioactive agent in water, with or without optional binder components and/or additional formulation materials. The components are selected to sink or float so that the complexes will permeate and/or remain in any planar or volumetric segment of a water column for a period of time that is sufficient to effectively treat a population of aquatic organisms.

Abstract: A process for making bait from poultry waste unfit for human consumption, for aquatic food sources such as fish, crab, conch, eel, shrimp, lobster, crayfish, etc. The poultry waste is picked up from chicken farms and poultry processing plants in refrigerated or frozen containers and are forwarded to a processing plant. The poultry waste is processed to eliminate any remaining feathers and internal organs. The breast portions of the poultry waste are removed and separated and are processed according to various specific client requirements in the fishing and crabbing industries. This processing involves further separation and packaging of the poultry waste, which is then sterilized by either radiation (first embodiment process) or ultra high hydrostatic treatment (second embodiment process). The poultry waste is then sent to a distribution center to be sold to various fishing and crabbing industry users.

Abstract: A medium for coloring live bait worms comprises a cultivation bed containing one or more worm storage media and a non-toxic amount of a colorant. Live bait worms are incubated in the medium at a temperature and for a time sufficient to allow the bait worms to become colored by ingesting the medium. The colorant is preferably a D&C coloring additive such as a xanthene dye, most preferably D&C Yellow No. 8, and/or D&C Yellow No. 7, and the worm storage medium is preferably peat loam. The worms become colored during an incubation period of up to about one week and retain their color for a prolonged period of time after being removed from the coloring medium.

Abstract: A method for coloring live bait worms comprises adding to a cultivation bed containing one or more worm storage media, a non-toxic amount of a colorant to form a coloring medium, and incubating live bait worms in the coloring medium at a temperature and for a time sufficient to allow the bait worms to become colored by ingesting the coloring medium. The colorant is preferably a D&C coloring additive such as a xanthene dye, most preferably D&C Yellow No. 8, and/or D&C Yellow No. 7, and the worm storage medium is preferably peat loam. The worms become colored during an incubation period of up to about one week and retain their color for a prolonged period of time after being removed from the coloring medium.

Abstract: Novel bisexual attractants for lepidopterous insect pests isolated from pears or apples. A method for monitoring and control of codling moth and other species of Lepidoptera comprising a lure and kill, mating disruption or mass trapping strategy. A method of using a formulation containing the bisexual attractants with or without an insecticide and/or pheromone for control of the insect pests.

Abstract: A method of enriching fish food and live larval fish prey, especially Artemia nauplii and rotifers, with essentially highly unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, amino acids, carotenoids and pigments. The live prey are allowed to ingest/adsorb dry soap powders of highly unsaturated fatty acids obtained from the waste stream of marine algae oil extraction. The live prey can be highly enriched in docosahexaenoic acid obtaining ratios of docosahexaenoic acid to eicosapentaenoic acid greater than about 2.0 to 1.0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ant or yellow jacket bait that is particularly effective for controlling carpenter ants. The bait is comprised mostly of sugars in a viscous and fluid form that may be readily dispeised into an ant station at room temperatures, and provides a moist, sweet surface that is attractive to ants.

Abstract: A light reflecting fish attractant comprised of mica flakes is provided. The mica flakes are cast into the water where they slowly sink to the bottom. During their descent, they cascade wildly with the eddies and currents of the water. The light which filters down into the water is reflected off the mica, causing a glittering or flashing. This reflected light attracts fish into the area. The mica flakes are chosen to be sized in the range of 0.001 inch to about 3.0 inch in length, in the range of 0.001 inch to about 3 inch in width and about any size larger than 0.001 inch in thickness. This size range permits the mica flakes to approximate the common sizes of fish scales. The mica flakes giving the appearance of fish scales attracts predator fish to the area where the mica flakes are introduced. After introducing the mica flakes to the water, the sportsman would introduce the fishing line to the area where the flakes have been placed.

Abstract: Compositions of cis-jasmone were found to effectively attract adult Lepidoptera. The cis-jasmone may be used alone or in combination with one or more other volatiles of the Japanese honeysuckle flower, particularly linalool and/or phenylacetaldehyde. By attracting the adult Lepidoptera to attracticidal baits and/or field traps, the attractants are useful for the control and monitoring of these agricultural pests.

Abstract: Soy hydrolysate compositions are produced by a process utilizing multiple enzymes. The soy hydrolysate compositions provide insect attractant and repellent properties. Methods of using the soy hydrolysate compositions for insect control are also disclosed.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention encompasses a fish bait comprising a fish attractant and at least one magnet within the fish attractant. In another aspect, the invention encompasses a fish bait comprising a fish attractant and a plurality of magnetizable particles distributed throughout the fish attractant to a concentration sufficient to adhere a visible amount of the fish attractant to a magnet. In yet another aspect, the invention encompasses a fishing bait and hook kit, comprising: a) a hook joined to a magnet; and b) a bait having one or more magnetizable particles distributed therein. In yet another aspect, the invention encompasses a jig comprising a fishhook, and a jighead joined to the fishhook. The jighead comprises a magnet. In yet another aspect, the invention encompasses a fishhook assembly comprising a fishhook, a magnet joined to the fishhook, and a plurality of magnetizable particles magnetically attracted to the magnet of the fishhook.

Abstract: A composition which may serve as either a scent cover or a wild game lure. The composition is formed from ingredients comprising (a) an extract formed from a mixture of at least a portion of a Sassafras tree and at least a portion of a Honey Locust tree; (b) vanilla extract; and (c) ascorbic acid. Related processes and methods of use.

Abstract: Sport and game fish are attracted to an area of a lake, stream or other body of water by a fish attractant block comprising a cured formulation of compositional components suspended in the aquatic medium by a rope or similar suspension means. The fish attractant block is prepared by first formulating a relatively homogeneous mixture of the block compositional components, transferring this liquid composition from a mixer to a package equipped with a rope, and then allowing the liquid formulation to cure. Representative ingredients of the formulation include molasses, fish oil, fish meal, attapulgite clay, a phosphate source and magnesium oxide (a curing assist). The blocks of this invention are not only effective at attracting game and sport fish, but they are also water stable and environmentally benign.

Abstract: An artificial surface active soft plastic lure (16) includes emulsifiers so that the plastic lure (16) reacts in the presence of water and loses a measurable portion of its mass. Fish attractants and stimulants (12) are added to the surface active soft plastic lure (16) so that as the lure (16) reacts, fish attractants and stimulants (12) are actually released into the water for sensing by fish. The emulsifiers are selected from a group of chemicals including nonionic, amphoteric, alkanolamide, sorbitan monooleates, fatty acids, sulfonates, fatty esters, phosphate esters, amines, anionic, cationic, monostearates, sorbitan tristearates, and sorbitan trioleates. Preferred fish attractants include dehydrated protein and amino acids, in particular amino acids which are water soluble and alkaline or neutral substances having a pH of approximately 7-8. In the preferred embodiments, the amino acids are selected from a group including betaine, glycine, glutamic acid, proline, taurine and valine.

Abstract: A composition and method are provided for coloring live bait such as minnows and the like which include dispersing a biological stain, an alkaline agent and a salt in a preferably aqueous carrier medium. The bait is immersed in the solution for a period of time dependent on the degree and length of time of coloring desired. The active ingredients preferably comprise no more than about 0.15% by weight of the total solution. Also disclosed is a pressed tablet, preferably an effervescing tablet, which disperses the active ingredients upon immersion in the carrier medium.

Abstract: A fish bait (1) is provided in which individual pieces of bait material (2 ) are suspended and evenly distributed throughout a homogenized mixture of bait material and a gelling agent (3), and enclosed in a supporting tubular mesh (4). The fish bait is obtained by mixing bait material with a gelling agent to form a substantially homogeneous mixture, adding further bait material to the homogenous mixture so that bait material is suspended in the homogeneous mixture and extruding the suspended mixture into a mesh tube and subsequently allowing the gelling agent to set. Once set, the gelling agent stabilizes the suspended structure of the fish bait and allows the controlled release and diffusion of attractants. Preferably, the gelling agent is an alginate.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention encompasses a fish bait comprising a fish attractant and at least one magnet within the fish attractant. In another aspect, the invention encompasses a fish bait comprising a fish attractant and a plurality of magnetizable particles distributed throughout the fish attractant to a concentration sufficient to adhere a visible amount of the fish attractant to a metallic fishhook under conditions wherein either at least some of the magnetizable particles are magnetic or the fishhook is magnetic. In yet another aspect, the invention encompasses a fishing bait and hook kit, comprising: a) a magnetic hook; and b) a bait having one or more magnetizable particles distributed therein.

Abstract: An attractant composition has been discovered for the control of multiple species of pest arthropods, particularly multiple species of pest ants. The composition, which includes a sugar and a salt or base, and water, attracts both oil-loving and sweet-loving ants and is especially useful with water soluble or suspendable toxicants.

Abstract: A liquid bait for target insects and methods of attracting or controlling insects by means of its use. Sorbitol is dissolved in an amount of water sufficient to form an aqueous carrier. The dissolved sorbitol is in a concentration great enough to be effective as a humectant to retard drying of the liquid carrier. The liquid bait further includes at least one insect attractant that is dissolved, dispersed, suspended, or emulsified in the liquid carrier in an amount effective to attract the target insects. The insect attractant may include, in combination, sucrose, fructose, d-maltose, the lithium salt of saccharin, lithium chloride, and vitamins. The liquid bait also may include an effective amount of an insect control active ingredient selected from the group consisting of insecticides, insect growth regulators, chitin inhibitors, insect pathogens, insect-controlling materials derived from insect pathogens, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Novel fat-like petroleum based, water-free, insecticidal compositions are described which are particularly effective against insect pests such as cockroaches, ants, termites, flies, etc. The compositions may be used in various forms depending on the targeted pests. As an example, the composition in the form of a paste can be applied into cracks and crevices for control of such pests and have the advantage of superior durability and prolonged attractiveness.

Abstract: A compound for attracting fish is disclosed which may be applied as a coating on an article. The compound when applied as a coating on an article will progressively dissolve in water and release a fish attractant. The compound includes (a) water soluble jell forming component, (b) a water soluble adhesive component, (c) a carrier component, and (d) a fish attractant component. The compound is produced by mixing the fish attractant with the water soluble carrier and combining the mixture with the water soluble adhesive and jell forming component.

Abstract: The fish bait molder is a two element mold in which one mold element is inserted into the other in a manner that the fish bait molder may be opened and closed. Each mold element has a portion of a mold cavity such that when the two mold elements are closed together a mold cavity is formed. An access port is contained in one of the two mold elements to allow insertion of a fish hook and removal of a baited fish hook. A slot is provided to allow a fish line to protrude out of the fish bait molder. There is a bait holder with a bait cavity attached to one of the mold elements. The bait cavity is filled with fish bait and a piston slides in the bait cavity to force the fish bait through an inlet passage into the mold cavity and around the fish hook. The piston can be operated by rotating the bait holder into a fish bait container having a threaded lid or rotating a rotational injector with a piston attached into the bait cavity. A ratchet mechanism may also be used to force the piston into the bait cavity.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing feed particles of a desired size in a 20 to 1000 .mu.m size range for uses such as a larval aquatic feed. The method uses a marumerizer comprising a cylindrical housing have a grooved bottom, and includes the steps of placing a wet mash of the particle material (e.g., a larval aquatic feed material) in the marumerizer, placing in the marumerizer a charge of inert beads of a size (e.g., 3 mm) substantially larger than that of the particles to be produced, and rotating the marumerizer with the wet mash and charge of inert beads therein so that the beads compact and shape the mash into formed spheroidal particles.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for use in raising cattle, and in particular bulls, wherein bulls are:(a) fed a particularly nutritious liquid having a distinctive odor prior to weaning;(b) fed a combination of this liquid and conventional feed after weaning in a feedlot;(c) castrated using a ligation tool that provides a ligating tension to endless elastomeric ligation bands wherein the tool indicates the tension applied to such ligation bands; and(d) treated for infection prevention at least around the time of castration.Accordingly, cattle growth is accelerated due to enhanced nutrition, reduction in disease and a reduction in the stress upon the cattle. Furthermore, late castration of bulls (at approximately 5 to 14 months) is employed, wherein the tool of (c) provides a substantially stress-free ligation technique. Moreover, the meat produced from the cattle processed using the present invention has superior cutability characteristics.

Abstract: Described is a formulation for delivering fish attractants that sustains the release time as well as provides high coating power. The composition is made with a stable water-in-oil emulsion of petrolatum jelly, a water soluble delivery agent, a thickening agent, and a water soluble fish attractant. These formulations stick well to the exterior surface of artificial lures while allowing the active attractant ingredient to be released slowly into the water. The formulations are also in the form of a soft gel that is easily applied to the surface of a lure by dunking the lure in a wide-mouthed container or squeezing the gel from a conventional container.

Abstract: Novel insecticidal compositions are described which are particularly effective against insect pests such as cockroaches, ants, termites, crickets, flies and the like, which contain an effective amount of insecticide and a synergistic effective amount of water powder. The compositions, preferably using boric acid as an insecticide, and preferably in the form of a paste or dust bait, kill such pests more quickly or allow lower concentrations of insecticide to be used in such compositions.

Abstract: A method for preserving fish bait comprising supplying fish bait and first immersing the bait in a first aqueous sterilizing solution wherein the concentration of said sterilizing solution which comprises an aqueous solution of formalin and the time of immersion in the solution are adjusted to prevent decay via bacterial action and to increase the hardness of the bait. The bait is then removed from the sterilizing solution and immersed in running water to remove substantially residual sterilizing solution which therein provides a hardened sterilized bait. The hardened and sterilized bait is then placed in a container which contains a sufficient amount of a second aqueous solution which comprises on aqueous to solution of a grain alcohol which prevents further bacterial and/or viral decay and which maintains the fish in a hydrated state for use as a bait product.

Abstract: A fish-breeding feed which refloats after initially sinking. The fish-breeding feed contains conventional feeds, glucose and other materials which enhance the overall quality of the feed.

Abstract: The therapeutic elements for oral administration of medication to animals comprise an active principle contained in a craved for envelope. The envelope (1) comprises, in admixture, one or more craved for materials and one or more substances agglomerating the craved for materials, the envelope possessing a high mechanical and thermal resistance, and being previously formed into a hollow shape appropriate for consumption by the animal, and defining an internal volume, such internal volume being filled by a craved for binder (3) and comprising the active principle (2), the binder closely conforming the internal shape of the envelope (1) in order to provide a continuity between the envelope (1) and the active principle (2).

Abstract: The invention discloses a bait for fishes and shellfishes characterized in that the bait comprises a matrix material containing a microorganically fermented product of a plant residue obtained by separating from a plant at least one liquid selected from the group consisting of vegetable juice, fruit juice, plant essential oil, juice extracted from a processed plant product, plant milk and mixtures thereof, or disintegrated product of said microorganically fermented product, wherein the matrix material has incorporated therein (A) an amino acid having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, and (B) amino acid having at least 4 carbon atoms in an (A)/(B) molar ratio of 1:1 to 40:1.

Abstract: A feeding composition for feeding members of the Penaeus genus of the Class Crustacea including (i) prior art feeding compositions and admixed therewith (ii) Crustacea Class-exciting and/or attracting and/or stimulating and/or inciting amounts and concentrations of excitants, attractants, stimulants and/or incitants which include molecules including but not limited to the compound having the structure: ##STR1##

Abstract: An agent and method for inducing food search behavior in rainbow trout and other salmonids is disclosed. The agent comprises an amino acid selected from the group consisting of L-proline, L-leucine and L-alanine and combinations thereof. The agent may be applied to or incorporated within lures or fish food. When the lure or food particles are immersed in water, the agent will disperse into the water and rainbow trout and other salmonids close enough to detect the agent will be stimulated to search for food, making it more likely that the lure or food particle will be taken by the fish.

Abstract: A rodenticidal bait in the form of agglomerated granules comprising: a cereal base comprising a ground cereal; a rodenticide; and a water-soluble film-forming binder.

Abstract: A bird feeder station including a clear plastic canopy provided with a hanging line for suspension thereof from an overhead structure and three depending chain supports for wire baskets containing bird seed suspended under the protection of the canopy. Each wire basket contains a porous plastic foam core saturated with a gelatin and multiple bird seed embedded within at least one gelatin surface coating on the plastic core. The process involves placing the plastic core in an open mold, spooning a quantity of hot gelatin containing multiple bird seed over the exposed surface of the plastic, refrigerating the gelatin coated plastic core to solidify the gelatin-bird seed coating thereon; turning the plastic over to expose a different side and repeating the spooning of the hot gelatin and refrigeration thereof for all sides and top (if desired) of the plastic core.

Abstract: The insect bait composition in the present invention is useful for feeding stimuli to induce insects, especially cockroaches, to preferably feed upon said bait composition, which will stimulate insect feeding and successfully compete with other food sources in the environment, said stimulant bait composition having one or more protein sources derived from poultry liver, silkworm pupae and hydrogenated soy protein.

Abstract: Compositions of cis-jasmone were found to effectively attract adult Lepidoptera. The cis-jasmone may be used alone or in combination with one or more other volatiles of the Japanese honeysuckle flower, particularly linalool and/or phenylacetaldehyde. By attracting the adult Lepidoptera to attracticidal baits and/or field traps, the attractants are useful for the control and monitoring of these agricultural pests.

Abstract: Baits useful for controlling lepidoptera populations is made with (a) a diet component for lepidoptera; (b) a toxicant; (c) a chemiluminescent, visual attractant and (d) an encapsulating agent that will allow moisture to permeate and form an external condensate of said diet and said toxicant. The diet, toxicant, and chemiluminescent visual attractant can be used in the same bait particle in a homogeneous or layered structure. Alternatively, the diet/toxicant may be used with a first encapsulating agent in a first bait particle with the chemiluminescent, visual attractant encapsulated in a second bait particle and distributed among the diet/toxicant bait particles.

Abstract: Improved animal bait composite materials comprising an animal attractant substance component attractive to a selected animal and a hardening substance component, and methods of use of such bait composite materials are described. The bait composite materials disclosed having improved adhesion and interlocking properties when hardened after application to a trigger of an animal trap in a flowable state, resulting in more reliably transferring forces applied by the bite or other contact of a selected animal to the trigger to actuate the trap.

Abstract: The subject invention concerns a novel anal useful biopesticide with activity against insect pests such as boll weevil, sweet potato whitefly and cotton fleahopper. The biopesticide of the subject invention comprises an entomopathogenic fungus having virulence against a targeted insect pest(s), an arrestant anal feeding stimulant for the targeted insect pest(s) anal, optionally, a pheromone for the targeted insect pest(s). A preferred fungus is a Beauveria bassiana, preferably Beauveria bassiana, ATCC-74040 (ARSEF-3097). By using this novel fungus, or mutant thereof, in the composition of the present invention, Boll weevils, sweet potato whiteflies anal cotton fleahoppers can be controlled without environmental and public safety hazards presented by chemical control agents.

Abstract: The invention provides a penetrating scent/taste attractant for use on fishing lures. More particularly, a scent attractant is provided that actually penetrates the surface coating or the actual bait body. A combination of a scent attractant and a dye for application to a bait to provide a penetrating scent and a permanent color change simultaneously is also provided. Also provided is a formulation for the application of a scent attractant with or without a solvent-soluble dye, singularly dispersed or dissolved into a solvent capable of attacking the surface of an artificial bait and promoting a migration of either or both the fish-attractant and dye below the surface of the lure. A scent attractant and/or dye in combination with a water-insoluble polymer in a volatile solvent is also provided which is capable of forming a coating of scent attractant and/or a simultaneous color change to the surface of a metal or solvent-impermeable lure.

Abstract: Bait for use in trapping lobsters and crabs and method of making the same require that fish wastes, including meat, skin and bones be ground to produce particles in the one half inch size range. While the ground particles are predominantly in that size range, a minor percentage of oversized and undersized particles are also produced. The undersized particles are in the approximate range of three eighths inches while the approximate size of the oversized particles is three fourths inches. The ground particles are thoroughly mixed with rock salt in amounts sufficient for their preservation for a suitable shelf life and to expose the particles to the air. The coagulating mixture is then packaged in containers which are porous at least when wet and the packaged baits are ready to use when the mixture has solidified.

Abstract: A composition and method of making same comprising a grass of the family Graminae with the addition of an extract from bermuda grass in an amount effective to render said composition as an attractant or phagostimulant for hervivorous insects wherein the extract comprises an isoprenoid ketone having a 6, 10, 14-trimethylpentadecane-2-one skeleton in its molecular construction.

Abstract: Skeletal remains, in unrendered condition, which are a by-product of the deboning of uncooked poultry, pork, or beef, are ground to a hamburger-like consistency and processed through sausage stuffing apparatus to form an encased and sealed bait product which provides olfactory stimulation to crabs or lobsters or other related species.

Abstract: The invention provides a penetrating scent/taste attractant for the use on fishing lures. More particularly, a scent attractant that actually penetrates the surface coating or the actual bait body is provided. A combination of a scent attractant and a dye for application to a bait to provide a penetrating scent and a permanent color change simultaneously is also provided. Also provided is a formulation for the application of a scent attractant, with or without a solvent-soluble dye, singularly dispersed or dissolved into a solvent capable of attacking the surface of an artificial bait and promoting a migration of either or both the fish-attractant and dye below the surface of the bait.

Abstract: A fly trap has a housing body with an entry conduit mounted within the housing body and supported therein. A lure holding tray is supported by the legs underneath the open bottom of the entry conduit and is adapted to receive a fly attractant mixture therein. The bait is formed from organic, non-toxic, non-hazardous material, which can be safely exposed to the environment for the purposes of attracting the flies into the fly trap.

Abstract: An insect bait station comprising a first compartment with a hydrated macel containing at least one species of entomopathogen and a second compartment containing a hydrated water retentive compound layer which acts as a water-reservoir for the entomopathogen.

Abstract: A fish feed additive is used which contains .beta.-carotene containing Dunaliella algae powder stabilized against oxidation and migration into the water. The fish feed is prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight of a Dunaliella algae powder with 15-50 parts by weight of a cyclodextrin while stirring. The final fish feed is obtained by blending 10 parts by weight of this additive with 200-500 parts by weight of a common fish feed. The fish feed additive is in the form of dry fine granules. The fish feed additive effectively promotes growth and delivers .beta.-carotene to the fish.

Abstract: A fish bait intended mainly for use in long line fishing is constituted by a natural bait material, such as fish, squid, shellfish, fish offal, dehydrated or freeze dried fish meal and/or fish oil (3) enclosed in a porous casing (1,2). The casing, which surrounds the entire bait, is made of a layer of semi-permeable membrane (1) and a layer of mesh reinforcement (2). The membrane preferably is a collagen based material which allows fish oil and aroma constituents of the natural bait (3) to permeate into the surrounding water to attract fish. The reinforcing mesh, which preferably is made from a knitted cotton tubular bandage material, provides stability for the bait package, and ensures that the bait package is retained on a hook (5).

Abstract: A method of preparing a freeze-dried dosage form including a water soluble active agent is disclosed. The water soluble active agent is bonded to an ion exchange resin to form a substantially water insoluble complex. This complex is then mixed with a compatible carrier and freeze-dried. The resulting freeze-dried dosage form contains an effective unit dosage amount of the active agent and exhibits enhanced compositional and physical stability, as well as permitting processing according to conventional freeze-drying techniques.