Abstract: A one-site fruit processing and packaging facility and method of processing, packaging, and shipping blended fruit juices and fruit juice concentrates. A single extended enclosure is provided within which the facility equipment and associated functions are housed. The facility further includes, preferably in seriatim, a fruit shipment receiving area for receiving fruit shipments, fruit crushing equipment for crushing the fruit into a fruit mash, a juice extraction station for extracting juice from said fruit mash by preheating, enzyme treating and depectizing juices from the fruit mash, juice pasteurizing and aroma essence stripping to produce aseptic juice, microfiltration of the aseptic juice received from the pasteurizing station, and an evaporative juice concentration stage to remove excess water from aseptic juice into a concentrated juice. A portion of concentrated aseptic juice is typically then placed into bulk shipment containers ready for shipment.

Abstract: A process for drying antioxidant-rich berries (such as blueberries) to preserve their antioxidant action and their antioxidant compounds is disclosed. The process may conventionally dry the antioxidant-rich berries to remove 0 to 90% of the initial mass of water associated with them, but the important step is subjecting the antioxidant-rich berries to vacuum microwave drying (VMD) at an absolute pressure of 0 to 200 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) (preferably 30 to 60 mm Hg) and 0.1 to 2 watts of microwave power/gram of berries (preferably 0.

Abstract: The invention concerns in general a method for the extraction of fruit juice concentrate, to produce a higher yield of fruit juice than that achieved by known methods. For this purpose juice is first extracted from the fruits in a juice extraction unit (1), producing a mixture of pulp and fruit juice. This mixture of pulp and fruit juice is then divided into pulp and primary juice (2). This pulp is then separated into pulp residues and secondary juice (7). The secondary juice is then pasteurised (8) and mixed with the primary juice.

Abstract: A dietary fiber product obtained from the Indian mulberry (Morinda citrifolia) plant and the process of extracting and purifying the fiber is disclosed. According to one embodiment, the Indian mulberry pulp is washed and separated from the juice by filtration. The wet pulp is pasteurized. The wet pulp can be further processed by drying. A high fiber products can be prepared by mixing the pulp with ingredients, such as supplemental dietary fiber, water, sweeteners, flavoring agents, coloring agents, and nutritional ingredients.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compositions of cactus fruit extract which are dried to a powder form for use in food products and nutritional supplements. The novel powders of the present invention may be used in food products and drinks as well as capsules or tablets.

Abstract: A method of treating an organic waste stream, such as the waste from a meat processing plant, to substantially remove solid organic matter from the stream. The method substitutes MgCl2 and small amounts of AlCl3 for the FeCl3 that was used in the prior art process, before adding polymeric flocculents. The polymeric flocculents are added as they are in the prior art, and the solid precipitate is removed by physical separation.

Abstract: A process for removing oil from oil-bearing material at substantially atmospheric pressure and are relatively low temperatures. The preferred temperature is the boiling point of the solvent, particularly a normally gaseous solvent, at about atmospheric pressure. This temperature will typically be below the freezing point of water.

Abstract: The present invention, provides natural-source compositions having consistent, effective antibrowning and antioxidant characteristics. Additionally, the present invention provides methods for making the antibrowning/antioxidant compositions of the present invention. More specifically, the present invention provides natural-source, browning and oxidizing inhibitor compositions comprising S-sinapyl-L-cysteine, N-L-&ggr;-glutamyl-S-sinapyl-L-cysteine, S-sinapyl glutathione, or various mixtures thereof. Methods for making such natural, antibrowning/antioxidant compositions from pineapple juice and/or from pineapple processing plant waste streams include efficient and effective separation of the present invention compositions from unwanted sugars, acids, phenolic compounds, and other undesirable compounds present in pineapple juice and/or pineapple processing plant waste streams.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for treating wood particles for use in flavoring aqueous liquids to mask undesirable taste components and to increase the extractability and reactivity of flavor enhancing components. Wood particles are contacted with a solution of aqueous ethanol, the solids separated and heated for at least fifteen minutes at temperatures up to 220° C. Also disclosed is a process for using such wood particles for treatment of aqueous liquids and aqueous liquids treated with such wood particles.

Abstract: A conjugated linoleic acid is prepared in industrial scale as a hydrolyzed isomerized product for blending into bulk domestic animal feeds. The CLA-containing isomerized hydrolyzed oil from sunflower and safflower seeds has sufficiently low levels of phosphatides and sterols to permit crude processing and incorporation into feeds of an undried, undistilled oil fraction without toxic or unpalatable effects.

Abstract: A method for producing edible quality refined fish oil comprising the steps of extracting press liquor from a cooked fish, wherein the press liquor consists primarily of fish oil and water inherent in the cooked fish. The fish oil is from the group of fish consisting of menhaden, other similar fish, and mixtures thereof. Enzymes present in the press liquor are deactivated by injecting an acidic solution into said press liquor. After the fish oil is removed from the press liquor, the fish oil is cold filtered to produce an olein fraction and a stearine fraction. The stearine fraction is separated from the olein fraction and fatty acids that remain in the olein fraction are removed. Then bleaching the fish oil by mixing amorphous silica and diatomaceous earth with the fish oil, under vacuum conditions, and deodorizing the fish oil under vacuum conditions with steam injection. Finally, preparing the fish oil for storage by mixing a chelating agent and anti-oxidants with fish oil.

Abstract: Vegetable sources of cancer chemoprotective agents have been identified which are extraordinarily rich in glucosinolates, metabolic precursors of isothiocyanates. The vegetable sources are used to provide a dietary means of reducing the level of carcinogens in mammals.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for infusing fruits (which may include vegetables) with sugar. The apparatus includes a series of interconnected tanks (10, 12, 14 and 16). A stratified column of infusing liquor is caused to flow from a tank (50) via variable output pump (52) through fruit which is placed within the tanks to cause the fruit to become saturated with sugar. In addition, the fruit is placed in a plumping liquid in the tanks prior to infusing and the infusing liquor will drive the plumping liquid in front of it. The fruit may be conditioned in various ways prior to placement in the tanks, which conditioning may remove fruit juice from the fruit, the fruit juice being collected in a tank (36) for subsequent use. Alternatively, if fruit juice is not removed from the fruit during a conditioning process, fruit juice is extracted from the downstream portion of the plumping liquid.

Abstract: A composition which may serve as either a scent cover or a wild game lure. The composition is formed from ingredients comprising (a) an extract formed from a mixture of at least a portion of a Sassafras tree and at least a portion of a Honey Locust tree; (b) vanilla extract; and (c) ascorbic acid. Related processes and methods of use.

Abstract: Methods for treating and preventing coccidiosis in poultry, and inflammation, infection, and diarrhea in mammals are provided utilizing an antimicrobial pharmaceutical composition comprising an herbal essential oil which contains thymol and carvacrol as its main ingredients. The essential oil is preferably obtained from the genus Origanum, especially Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of novel polyphenol fractions of Camellia sinensis (tea), the use thereof and formulations containing them. The invention relates specifically to the preparation of extracts deprived of caffeine but containing the polyphenols deriving from epigallocatechin in a natural ratio. The use of these novel extracts, alone or in combination with other active principles, is of interest to the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industry, especially to treat cytotoxic and oxidative conditions.

Abstract: An herbal formulation is disclosed for treating and preventing non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and other sugar imbalances. The herbal formulation is added to the diet of a person suffering from NIDDM in a lectin mixture containing the herbal formulation. The herbal formulation lowers the blood glucose and insulin levels. Adding the herbal formulation to the diet of persons who are in high risk of suffering from NIDDM has a significant effect on lowering blood glucose and insulin levels. Repeated doses of the herbal formulation in a lectin mixture will bring the blood glucose and insulin levels into a desired range. The herbal formulation is made from plant extracts and is useful in the prevention and treatment of sugar imbalances.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for pressing a material selected from materials of vegetable and animal origin. The process includes the steps of mechanically compressing the material of vegetable or animal origin while simultaneously vibrating the material at an ultrasonic frequency. The ultrasonic frequency going through the material modifies the material's internal state so as to considerably reduce resistance offered by the material to mechanical compression.

Abstract: A process for dehydrating vegetable products that are free of preservatives and chemicals, high in nutrient content, and have an improved taste and appearance is disclosed. In accordance with the present invention, whole, raw vegetables are first precooked with microwave energy for about 20 to about 60 seconds. After precooking, the vegetables are cut, ground, shaped, pressed, riced or rolled into a desired form, including, for example, chunks, crunches, strips, slices, chips, patties, flakes or powders. The vegetables are then dehydrated in the temperature range of about 130.degree. F. to about 195.degree. F. to a moisture content of less than 8%. The dehydrated vegetable products can then be reconstituted using hot or cold liquid or eaten directly as a finger food snack.

Abstract: Techniques for processing cocoa mass are provided. In general, the techniques involve solvent extraction of cocoa fat from cocoa mass, to achieve a desirable cocoa butter and low-fat cocoa powder. In one preferred process, the cocoa mass is the result of grinding cocoa nibs, with absence of a mechanical pressing and heating step, to advantage. Preferred products and uses are characterized.

Abstract: A health diet for preventing life-habit diseases (adult diseases) is provided.The health diet is prepared by directly encapsulating or tableting an organic solvent extract of soy sauce cakes or an aqueous alkali extract of a soy sauce oil, or blending the extracts with a diet.

Abstract: A fruit and vegetable juicer having a cover, a filter sieve, a collection bowl, a collection bowl top orifice, and a feeding tube located within the cover, wherein the cover has a helical recess extending upward from and in pulp-extraction communication with the collection bowl periphery. The helical recess in the cover also has a beginning portion and an ending portion in communication with a pulp outlet. The pulp outlet extends from the ending portion of the helical recess to provide controlled exit of the pulp from the helical recess for collection. The feeding tube is located in the cover so as to not disrupt pulp extraction through the helical recess, whereby pulp is efficiently and automatically extracted from the filter sieve area while the juice is collected in the collecting bowl.

Abstract: A conjugated linoleic acid is prepared in industrial scale as a hydrolyzed isomerized product for blending into bulk domestic animal feeds. The CLA-containing isomerized hydrolyzed oil from sunflower and safflower seeds has sufficiently low levels of phosphatides and sterols to permit crude processing and incorporation into feeds of an undried, undistilled oil fraction without toxic or unpalatable effects.

Abstract: An herbal extract composition comprising extract of ARUM, extract of POMEGRANATE, extract of TEA and extract of HIBISCUS. The herbal extract composition of the invention demonstrates in vitro stimulation of lymphocyte transformation and cytokine production, and in vitro inhibition of gp120 binding, and provides a potential candidate for therapies and treatments for immune disorders and HIV infection.

Abstract: An extract composition derived from the peel of a banana and the method for producing the extract composition. An aqueous solvent is combined with the peel of a banana. If the banana is unripe, a base is also added. The mixture is homogenized and allowed to react at least until a black supernatant appears. The entire slurry is filtered. The resulting extract is used alone or combined with a cream or ointment. Medicinal benefits of the extract include relief from pain, swelling, itching, bruising, wrinkles, and sunburn.

Abstract: A juice extractor includes upper and lower cups for supporting the exterior of a fruit and separating the peel therefrom. A strainer tube is mounted to receive the juice and pulp of the fruit. An orifice tube is moveable within the strainer tube. A mounting assembly is positioned on the orifice tube. A drive mechanism engages the mounting assembly for reciprocating the orifice tube within the strainer tube. An alignment bearing is interposed between the mounting assembly and the orifice tube and allows pivotal movement of the orifice tube relative to the mounting assembly to account for any mechanical misalignment. At least one mounting ring is interposed between the alignment bearing and the mounting assembly. The mounting ring is preferably formed from a glass impregnated polyester.

Abstract: A juice extractor includes a mechanism for supporting the exterior of a fruit and separating the peel therefrom, such as upper and lower cups having cutters to cut plugs. A strainer tube is mounted to receive juice and pulp of the fruit. An orifice tube has upper and lower ends and the upper end is moveable within the strainer tube. A reciprocating drive mechanism engages the orifice tube and reciprocates the orifice tube within the strainer tube for generating pressure within the strainer tube to separate juice and pulp within the strainer tube, collect the core material and discharge core out of the lower end of the orifice tube. A valve assembly is positioned at the lower end of the orifice tube. The valve assembly includes a piston having a shaft moveable into an extended position within the orifice tube, and a retracted position where core can be discharged from the lower end of the orifice tube.

Abstract: A method of partially or completely selectively removing first-pass effect-reducing particles from citrus juice containing first-pass effect-reducing particles, wherein the particles have a size less than about 500 um and greater than about 25 .mu.m and citrus juice products made by the method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of novel polyphenol fractions of Camellia sinensis (tea), the use thereof and formulations containing them. The invention relates specifically to the preparation of extracts deprived of caffeine but containing the polyphenols deriving from epigallocatechin in a natural ratio. The use of these novel extracts, alone or in combination with other active principles, is of interest to the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industry, especially to treat cytotoxic and oxidative conditions.

Abstract: Principal components of herb or spice plant materials are simultaneously extracted and concentrated in at least one high temperature and pressure mechanical pressing step. The extract may be hydrated and then centrifuged to remove fine particulate solids and gums. A solution having several times the concentration of the pigments and flavor and aroma components of the starting raw material is obtained. The residual press solids and extract have significantly reduced bacterial counts as a result of the temperatures, high pressure, and high shear utilized, as well as the low moisture levels employed, thus producing not only a food grade extract but also a food grade residual solid having low bacterial counts and predictable, standardized levels of the principal components of interest. Additionally, edible antioxidants can be included in the process to enhance the stability of both the extract and the residual solids.

Abstract: Principal components of herb or spice plant materials are simultaneously extracted and concentrated in at least one high temperature and pressure mechanical pressing step. The extract may be hydrated and then centrifuged to remove fine particulate solids and gums. A solution having several times the concentration of the pigments and flavor and aroma components of the starting raw material is obtained. The residual press solids and extract have significantly reduced bacterial counts as a result of the temperatures, high pressure, and high shear utilized, as well as the low moisture levels employed, thus producing not only a food grade extract but also a food grade residual solid having low bacterial counts and predictable, standardized levels of the principal components of interest. Additionally, edible antioxidants can be included in the process to enhance the stability of both the extract and the residual solids.

Abstract: A method of extracting from an oil bearing product at below a select temperature. The method includes providing an oil bearing product at a temperature at or below the select temperature. A liquid extraction solvent that is a gas under standard temperature and pressure is provided, with the extraction solvent being maintained at a temperature below its boiling point at ambient pressure and below the select temperature and at substantially ambient pressure. The oil bearing product is contacted with the extraction solvent at ambient pressure for a period sufficient to extract a select amount of the oil from the oil bearing product resulting in a reduced oil content product and an oil bearing extraction solvent.

Abstract: A juice extractor includes a mechanism such as upper and lower cups for supporting the exterior of a fruit and separating the peel therefrom. A strainer tube is mounted to receive juice and pulp of the fruit. An orifice tube is movable within the strainer tube. A mounting assembly is positioned on the orifice tube. A reciprocating drive mechanism engages the mounting assembly for reciprocating the orifice tube into and out of the strainer tube. A release member cooperates with the orifice tube and the mounting assembly to permit release and relative movement of the mounting assembly relative to the orifice tube responsive to the orifice tube becoming lodged within the strainer tube to prevent damage to other portions of the juice extractor. A release member comprises a ring received on the orifice tube and formed of a material that shears when excessive pressure is applied as when the orifice tube becomes lodged within the strainer tube.

Abstract: An improved corn wet milling process is disclosed. In a process in which corn kernels are steeped in an aqueous solution and are milled to facilitate the separation of the components thereof, in which starch from the corn is separated from gluten, and in which at least one aqueous gluten-containing stream is generated, the improvement comprises membrane filtration of an aqueous gluten-containing stream, producing a gluten-enriched retentate, and removing water from the gluten-enriched retentate, thereby producing a substantially dry gluten product. This improved process provides an economical means of recovering a higher percentage of the available protein for inclusion in high value products.

Abstract: A water-soluble carmelized chicory product has a composition which includes, by weight, an inulin content between 40% and 65%, a reducing sugar content between 4% and 10% and a combination of fructose and glucose of less than 5% and which provides a depth of color, as described below, between 1.0 and 2.5. The product is prepared by extracting kiln-dried chicory with water to obtain an extract or by pressing chicory root to obtain an extract, the extract is heated in a tubular extractor to hydrolyze a part of the extract inulin content to increase extract reducing sugar content, the heat-treated extract is dried to obtain a powder, the powder is passed through an extruder and subjected to a temperature between 180.degree. C. and 250.degree. C. to obtain a caramelized product, and the carmelized product is cooled and then ground to obtain the water-soluble chicory product.

Abstract: A process for preparing soybean milk and okara, in particular, relating to improvement in pulverization of impregnated soybeans. The process includes carrying out pulverization of impregnated soybeans by the steps of cutting the impregnated soybeans with a device having rotating blade(s) to provide particles having an average diameter of less than about 100 .mu.m; grinding the obtained soybean particles with a device which exerts frictional shearing stress to provide an aqueous soybean slurry; and separating the water-soluble portion of the slurry from the water-insoluble portion to provide soybean milk and okara. The soybean milk and okara obtained possess a pleasant flavor and mild taste.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for producing a liquid material which has as its major constituent edible nutritional components derived from fruit of the oxalidaceae family, particularly averrhoa carambola which includes the steps of extracting liquid constituents of carambola fruit from contact with solid constituents of the fruit and subjecting the separated juices to additional post extraction processes. The carambola fruit from which the liquid constituents are extracted includes central or edible fruit portions and surrounding tough rind-like outer skin material which is integrally attached to the edible fruit portions. The extraction procedure is generally accomplished by macerating a quantity of carambola fruit material in a mixing vessel for an interval sufficient to produce a slurry which contains the liquid constituents or juices as well as solid material derived from the carambola fruit which includes both the edible fruit solids and tough rind-like outer skin.

Abstract: A filter for separation of a liquid from a solid has a turbine surrounded by an elongated filter body and forms a short first stage with short-pitch blades, providing a high axial impulse and low radial impulse, followed by a long second stage with long-pitch blades providing primarily radial displacement. Water vapor can be injected to promote juice extraction and is fed axially into the shaft and emerges from outlets therealong.

Abstract: A method for extracting mint oil from mint plants, the method includes applying a surfactant on the plant material and subjecting the plant material to steam distillation.

Abstract: A composition that has insect repellent properties is made from cold processed extracted oils and an antioxidant, particularly from a combination of Neem, Citronella and Cedarwood oils. The composition can be made into lotions, creams or sprays for application to mammals and vegetation, or it can be formed into polymeric sheets, which in turn can be formed into various useful articles, such as animal collars, garbage bags, or planting material. The polymeric sheets can also be woven into cloth to form clothing, tents and other items. Further, the composition can be hydrogenated to form a semi-solid, which can be made into candles or other wax like substances. The composition is made be extracting the oils and adding an antioxidant, as well as other desired materials. Nitrogen gas may be used to cover the extracted oil before the addition of the antioxidant.

Abstract: A process for producing soybean protein comprising the step of adding to a soybean protein-containing raw material an aqueous solution of 0.05 to 3.0% by weight of an inorganic salt to form a suspension, causing soybean protein to dissolve in the suspension with adjustment of the pH thereof to 7.5 to 9.0 to form a suspension extract, and removing insoluble components from the suspension extract to obtain an extract; the step of subjecting the extract to acid precipitation with adjustment of the salt concentration thereof to from 0.2 to 1.0% by weight and the pH thereof to 5.0 to 5.7, to collect an acid precipitate; and the step of washing carried out at least once by adding water or an aqueous solution of not more than 1.0% by weight of an inorganic salt to the acid precipitate to form a dispersion, and stirring the dispersion with adjustment of the pH thereof to from 5.0 to 5.7, to collect a precipitate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for bleaching the shells of in-shell nuts and for bleaching the meats of shelled nuts involves wetting the nuts with an alkaline solution and then with a peroxygen solution. The two substances react to form a bleaching agent which whitens the shell or nut meat. Slight mechanical brushing may be used to dislodge debris loosened by the process. The apparatus includes means for recycling the reagents through the system without causing the desired temperature and concentration of the reagents to deviate significantly from predetermined values.

Abstract: The oil from a canola seed with an altered fatty acid profile is disclosed to have low FDA saturates; high oleic acid; low linoleic acid; low stearic acid; and low linoleic acid plus linolenic acid. The method for extracting the oil from the seeds is also disclosed.

Abstract: An oil extractable from corn fiber contains ferulate esters, in particular sitostanyl ester, which has been shown to have cholesterol-lowering activity. The oil is extracted by a novel process which includes a grinding step carried out before extraction with an effective organic solvent such as hexane. The corn fiber oil may be combined with an ingestible and/or edible carrier for administration as a dietary supplement for cholesterol-lowering purposes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for lautering second worts in brewing. According to the invention the hot water needed for the second worts during lautering is introduced via a distributor through which also sludge and/or last runnings and/or first worts are introduced.

Abstract: Protein and lipid compositions are obtained from fruit kernels, particularly stone fruit kernels, by grinding the kernels in water to obtain ground kernel matter in an aqueous dispersion and extracting the aqueously dispersed matter to obtain an aqueous medium containing protein and lipid extracts and insoluble material, and then, the insoluble material is separated from the aqueous extract-containing medium, a fraction of protein and lipid substances are isolated from the extract-containing medium, and then, the fraction is homogenized and sterilized.

Abstract: A method for processing pulpy fruit puree or pulpy juice or reprocessing traditional evaporative pulpy citrus concentrate into products which do not resemble conventional juices or conventional concentrated juices, and more particularly, a packaged high Brix clarified juice concentrate which is ready to pour at freezer temperatures, to a 100% natural fruit juice produced from the clarified juice concentrate, to a blended reduced bitterness fruit juice product, and to a 100% juice-blend pulpy fruit product. The invention provides novel all-natural juice blends, including a 100% natural fruit juice containing aloe vera. The clarified juice concentrate as ready-to-pour 6+1 concentrates at freezer temperatures above -15.degree. C. In contrast, the traditional 3+1 frozen juice concentrate becomes frozen at common domestic freezer temperatures of -5.degree. to -15.degree. C. and it is inconvenient to pour and to mix with water.

Abstract: A method of treating fruit to produce a liquid fruit juice and an edible fruit solid. The method includes cutting the fruit to expose an inner portion, and extracting the cut fruit with water, in the temperature range 100.degree. to 130.degree. F., under conditions of rapid cyclical pressure variation. The pressure variation significantly enhances the rate and extent of extraction of fruit components, such as acids and sugars, from the fruit. The extracted juice is separated from the residual fruit, and may be concentrated or sold as a standard fruit juice. The residual fruit are infused with a solution including sugar, food acids, and optionally other food additives, flavorings and a colorant, and then dried to produce an edible fruit product.

Abstract: A process to extract natural aromas from natural substances containing fat and oil with compressed gases, wherein the natural substances are extracted in two steps in which in the first step liquid propane and/or butane at a temperature of .ltoreq.70.degree. C. and at a pressure of <500 bar and in the subsequent second step compressed carbon dioxide at a temperature of .ltoreq.50.degree. C. and at pressures between 70 and 500 bar are used as extraction agents.

Abstract: In a solvent extraction process for the extraction of an extractive from extractive-containing material employing in an extraction zone operating under extraction conditions a process solvent, whereby a miscella comprising a portion of the process solvent and a portion of the extractive, and an extractive-depleted substrate is formed, the improvement to which comprises: (a) removing the miscella from the extraction zone under extraction conditions, (b) filtering the miscella by use of a microfiltration, an ultrafiltration, a nanofiltration, or a reverse osmosis membrane, under conditions which achieve a differential pressure across said membrane, to separate the solvent in the miscella from the extractive in the miscella, and (c) recycling under extraction conditions at least a portion of the separated solvent to the extraction zone.