With Added Enzyme Material Or Microorganism Patents (Class 426/52)
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Patent number: 5096719Abstract: To extract the juice from fruits and vegetables, a process is used in which first the raw material is crushed in a mill (1) and then fed to a pulping machine (2) and a membrane filtration device (4). Before membrane filtration device (4), a liquefaction stage (3) is provided in which the raw material is liquefied enzymatically or physically only to the extent that a considerable portion of the mash can be run through membrane filtration device (4). The main breakdown of the cells occurs in the retentate of membrane filtration device (4) by a downstream device (5) for chemical or physical cell breakdown.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 1988Date of Patent: March 17, 1992Assignee: Bucher-Guyer AG MaschinenfabrikInventor: Walter Gresch
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Patent number: 5085873Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the treatment of a non-liquid food product for assuring its microbial decontamination. This process, applicable to hydrated products containing at least 20% water, comprises depositing on the surface of the hydrated product a preparation called an LP system comprising a mixture of the enzyme lactoperoxidase, a thiocyanate and an oxygen donor. The depositing may in particular be carried out by pulverizing or immersion in a bath. The treatment according to the invention preserves the product against most of the pathogenic or saprophytic germs susceptible of developing on these products, in particular bacteria of the genus Listeria, and in the absence of decomposition of the product and with no risk for the consumer.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1990Date of Patent: February 4, 1992Assignee: Bio Serae Laboratoires S.A.Inventor: Michel Degre
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Patent number: 5082674Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a lysophospholipoprotein (LPLP)-comprising foodstuff by incorporating dried LPLP or dried LPLP-comprising material, preferably having a moisture content of at most 10 wt %, at a level of 0.1-90 wt.% therein. The dried LPLP serves as a texture-modifying agent, a glossing agent, a freeze-thaw stabilizing agent, a heat-stabilizing agent and a syneresis-inhibiting agent.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 1990Date of Patent: January 21, 1992Assignee: Thomas J. Lipton Co., Division of Conopco, Inc.Inventors: Rebecca S. Carrell, Wietse van Dijk, Mervyn R. Goddard, John B. Hayes
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Patent number: 5082672Abstract: Deamidation of food proteins by Bacillus circulans peptidoglutaminase was impaired by the large molecular size and unique conformation of these proteins. The limited ability of peptidoglutaminase to deamidate food proteins was increased dramatically by protein hydrolysis and altering protein conformation, principally by moist heat. A method to prepare enzymatically deamidated food proteins with a wide range of protein deamidation was developed. Enzymatic deamidation of proteins improved their functional properties especially in the mild acidic pH region (e.g., 4-6).Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1989Date of Patent: January 21, 1992Assignee: The United States of American as represented by the Secretary of AgricultureInventors: Jamel S. Hamada, Wayne E. Marshall
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Patent number: 5077060Abstract: In a method of inducing decarboxylation of malic acid in must or fruit juice (also known as maloactic fermentation), must or fruit juice is directly inoculated with a culture of viable malolatic bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, the bacteria being capable of decarboxylating malic acid at a pH below about 3.2 without any significant consumption of sugar present in the must or fruit juice and substantially without any production of volatile acidity. The malolactic bacteria may be added before or at the commencement of alcoholic fermentation. One malolatic strain suitable in the method is Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 4361.Type: GrantFiled: July 25, 1990Date of Patent: December 31, 1991Assignee: Chr. Hansen's Laboratorium A/SInventor: Claus Prahl
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Patent number: 5077062Abstract: A low sodium, low monosodium glutamate soy hydrolysate is prepared from a soy material, as for instance, soy flour, soy meal or soy grits by hydrolyzing the soy material with a protease enzyme in water. The hydrolysis is conducted in the absence of the addition of either acid or base at a temperature of about 90.degree. for 2 hours. After deactivating the enzyme and dewatering the mixture the resulting hydrolysate contains from about 45 to about 55 weight percent of enzymatic hydrolyzed soy based protein, from about 1 to about 3 weight percent fat, from about 5 to about 9 weight percent ash, from about 2 to about 8 weight percent water, from about 32 to about 36 weight percent carbohydrate, and less than 0.1 weight percent sodium.Type: GrantFiled: May 3, 1990Date of Patent: December 31, 1991Assignee: Excelpro Inc.Inventor: John H. Ernster
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Patent number: 5073387Abstract: A cellulase hydrolysate of tamarind polysaccharide is utilized as a substitute for a portion of metabolizable carbohydrates in processed foods to prepare reduced-calorie versions of said process foods having excellent organoleptic quality. The tamarind hydrolysate comprises DP 7 oligosaccharides, more typically, DP 7 and DP 9 oligosaccharides. The tamarind hydrolysate can be further processed utilizing yeast digestion and/or membrane filtration to remove monosaccharides and low DP (DP.ltoreq.6) oligosaccharides from the hydrolysate composition.Type: GrantFiled: January 24, 1990Date of Patent: December 17, 1991Assignee: Lafayette Applied Chemistry, Inc.Inventor: Roy L. Whistler
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Patent number: 5066499Abstract: Low sodium baked goods, such as soda crackers, oyster crackers, pretzels, and flavored snack crackers, having a substantially uniform texture and pH throughout, a substantially uniform surface color, a pleasant mouth feel and taste are obtained by the process of the present invention. The sodium content of the baked goods is reduced, for example, to less than or equal to 42 mg Na.sup.+ per 14.2 gm serving, by replacing at least a part, preferably all, of the sodium bicarbonate with potassium carbonate for leavening. Hot spots resulting from localized concentrations of potassium ion are avoided by: 1) applying the potassium carbonate substantially uniformly and directly upon the surface of the other ingredients to hydrate and solubilize the potassium carbonate and/or 2) using potassium carbonate having a particle size distribution of about 98% by weight being finer than 100 mesh or 3) using an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 1989Date of Patent: November 19, 1991Assignee: Nabisco Brands, Inc.Inventors: Henry E. Arciszewski, Linda A. Porzio, Bin Y. Chiang, Clyde E. Spotts, Jr., Kevin McHugh, Joseph A. Szwerc
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Patent number: 5055310Abstract: Shelf stable soybean curd which is stable for extended periods of time is prepared by reacting soy milk with a solidifying agent and a transglutaminase, which is not dependent on Ca.sup.+2 ions and which is capable of catalyzing the acyl rearrangement of .gamma.-carboxyamide in the glutamine residue of a peptide chain at a temperature not higher than 80.degree. C. to prepare a soybean curd, packing the thus prepared soybean curd in a heat-resistant container, and retorting the packaged soybean curd.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1989Date of Patent: October 8, 1991Assignee: Ajinomoto Co., Inc.Inventors: Masahiko Nonaka, Takahiko Soeda, Keiko Yamagiwa, Hiroko Kowata, Masao Motogi, Seiichiro Toiguchi
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Patent number: 5053233Abstract: The invention relates to a process of preserving forage, a Lactobacillus plantarum strain used in the process, the use of the strain in the preservation of forage, and forage preserved according to the invention. The bacterial strain is preferably used in combination with at least one other preservative, such as cellulase and oragnic acid and/or in combination with at least one other lactic acid bacterium.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 1989Date of Patent: October 1, 1991Assignee: Valio Meijerien KeskusosuusliikeInventors: Jouko J. Setala, Veli M. S. Suominen, Aino L. Rauramaa, Seppo Sivela
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Patent number: 5045328Abstract: Process of producing a grain product which comprises subjecting parboiled grain to compression by rolling the grains being maintained at temperatures prior to and during compression below gelatinization temperature. In certain cases the compression step is omitted and an improved product can be obtained by subjecting the grains to treatment with a solution containing an enzyme or enzymes, the quantity of the solution used is such that it is totally absorbed by the grain. In other cases the two aforementioned processes are combined in which case the grain is treated with a solution containing a measured quantity of a solution containing an enzyme or enzymes the quantity of the solution is such that it is totally absorbed by the grains, thereafter the grains are subject to compression by rolling. The invention also relates to a grain product produced by said process.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 1990Date of Patent: September 3, 1991Inventors: Victor M. Lewis, David A. Lewis
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Patent number: 5037662Abstract: The present invention discloses that the water permeability across the surface membrane of harvested fruits and vegetables can be substantially increased by treating such surfaces with a degradation enzyme. The resulting products are not only more easily dehydrated but can be used to incorporate desirable substances into the interior of the treated fruit or vegetable, such as sweeteners, stabilizers, preservatives, flavor enhancers.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1989Date of Patent: August 6, 1991Assignee: Genencor International Inc.Inventors: Ayrookaran J. Poulose, Matthew Boston
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Patent number: 5028441Abstract: An edible material is produced from grassy materials such as corncob, the husks of rice, barley or buck-wheat etc. by cultivating a fungus of edible mushrooms in a medium containing the grassy material to have the medium digested and removing the specific odor therefrom by heating or fermenting the digested medium. The edible material is nutritious, has good odor and can be served as feed to animals.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 1989Date of Patent: July 2, 1991Inventor: Hisakazu Ikeda
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Patent number: 5024845Abstract: A mutant strain of Schizosaccharomyces #442 (ATCC46954) requiring both glucose and L-malic acid for growth has been produced which is capable of completely utilizing L-malic acid without substantial depletion of glucose. The mutant strain is known as Schizosaccharomyces malidevorans Rodriguez-Thornton #11 (ATCC20771). The yeast is capable of being used to remove L-malic acid from mediums including both L-malic acid and glucose thus making it possible to remove L-malic acid from juices without affecting sweetness, or from grape juices during wine-making conditions without affecting the quantities of glucose available for alcohol fermentation.The invention extends to juice products and wine made using such mutant strains.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 1987Date of Patent: June 18, 1991Assignee: Massey UniversityInventors: Roy J. Thornton, Susan B. Rodriguez
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Patent number: 5021338Abstract: An enzyme system for hydrolysis of protein material from plant and animal sources is obtained by extracting germinated sorghum seeds. The enzyme system contains a proteolytic component active on intact proteins and large peptides at an optimum pH of 3.2 to 4.2 and a peptidase component active on small peptides at an optimum pH of 4.5 to 6.5. A protein hydrolyzate having an average molecular weight within a selected range can be obtained by varying the pH so as to depress activity of the proteolytic component or the peptidase component. The protein hydrolysates which are obtained are characterized by the absence of bitter taste. Furthermore, by suitably adjusting the enzyme concentration in the reaction medium, the temperature and the hydrolysis time, protein hydrolyzates with an average molecular weight lower than 700 and a low percentage of free amino acids can be obtained.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1988Date of Patent: June 4, 1991Assignees: Eniricerche S.p.A., Enichem Synthesis S.p.A.Inventors: Roberto Gianna, Enrico De Gregoriis, Renzo Boni
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Patent number: 5019411Abstract: Process for the decontamination of vegetable foods from Listeria-sp. which consists in adding solutions of lysozyme, non-toxic and physiologically compatible salts thereof, to said foods, with or without adjuvant substances, at concentrations suitable for affording decontamination.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 1990Date of Patent: May 28, 1991Assignee: SPA Societa' Prodotti Antibiotici S.p.A.Inventors: Eric A. Johnson, Ernani Dell'Acqua, Lorenzo Ferrari
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Patent number: 5017388Abstract: A process for the preparation of natural vanillin is disclosed wherein eugenol and/or isoeugenol is oxidized microbially to vanillin using microorganisms of the genera Serratia, Klebsiella or Enterobacter.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1990Date of Patent: May 21, 1991Assignee: Haarmann & Reimer GmbHInventors: Jurgen Rabenhorst, Rudolf Hopp
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Patent number: 5017387Abstract: Novel firm, natural yoghurt compositions made by fermentation of a fermentation mixturte comprising about 15 percent to about 70 percent fresh cowmilk or ewemilk and about 85 percent to about 30 percent soymilk using yoghurt culture organisms are provided. Use of a sweetener and a thickener is unnecessary to provide a natural yoghurt composition having a taste and consistency like or substantially indistinguishable from that of a corresponding yoghurt composition made from the fresh milk used in making the novel yoghurt compositions. Flavoring agents and fruit preparations suitable as additives in preparation of yoghurt composition can be added in conventional manner. The provided compositions have an enhanced protein content with a PER value of at least 2.6 and a reduced animal fat content as compared to the corresponding compositions using 100 percent fresh milk. Also provided are methods of preparation of the novel firm, natural yoghurt compositions.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1990Date of Patent: May 21, 1991Assignee: Rutgers, The State University of New JerseyInventors: Endel Karmas, Marc R. Bachmann
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Patent number: 5013561Abstract: Waxy barley grain is processed by a series of processing steps to produce beta-glucan solids, a bran residue, a protein concentrate, barley oil and a maltose syrup in uncontaminated form. The process involves steps of mixing a meal produced from waxy barley grain with water, separating barley solids and a water extract, heating the water extract and separating coagulated protein and beta-glucan solids, mixing the barley solids with water and separating a bran fraction and crude starch, forming a dough from the crude starch and separating gluten and waxy barley starch from the dough, mixing the bran fraction with water and enzymes to carry out starch conversion and produce a liquid mixture, separating solids from the liquid mixture, extracting the solids with alcohol to produce oil and recovering maltose syrup from liquid remaining after separating the solids.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1988Date of Patent: May 7, 1991Assignee: Barco, Inc.Inventors: Kenneth J. Goering, Robert F. Eslick
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Patent number: 5006349Abstract: A protein product is produced by a process that includes introducing a protein-containing fluid and a reactant stream containing a component reactive with the protein, such as an acid through a resonating chamber. The protein-containing fluid and acid are introduced into the chamber at a velocity and pressure which causes instantaneous mixing of the protein-containing fluid with the acid to form an acidified mixture. The acid is introduced into the chamber in a ratio such that the pH of the protein-containing fluid is lowered past the isoelectric point of the protein.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 1988Date of Patent: April 9, 1991Assignee: Land O'Lakes, Inc.Inventors: Donald Dahlstrom, Stephen Dybing, Barney J. Gaffney
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Patent number: 5006350Abstract: A soybean protein food product made by use of a newly discovered microorganism which releases a soybean protein clotting enzyme, and a method of making such soybean protein food product. The new enzyme functions to clot a soybean protein (soymilk), thus permitting an effective production of new fermented soybean products, such as a soymilk cheese or a soymilk cream, as well as any other wide varieties of soybean protein food products.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1989Date of Patent: April 9, 1991Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Hokkaido NissinInventors: Tatuo Emura, Kiyoshi Ohba
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Patent number: 5000967Abstract: An improved process for preparing individual fruit sections from fresh citrus fruit, with improved ease of peeling and sectioning and with reduced amounts of adhering albedo. The fresh citrus fruit are initially scored so as to penetrate the albedo layer, but not the underlying juice sections, and the scored fruit is then immersed in an aqueous solution of a pectinase enzyme. A series of positive pressure pulses is applied to the immersed fruit, to infuse the enzyme solution into the albedo and, after storing the infusion-treated fruit for a prescribed time period, the peel and other membrane material can be readily removed from the fruit and the individual fruit segments readily separated from each other. Infusing the pectinase enzyme solution under pressure, rather than vacuum, and maintaining the solution at approximately room temperature, rather than an elevated temperature, significantly improves the ease of peeling and sectioning and reduces the amount of adhering albedo.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1989Date of Patent: March 19, 1991Assignee: Sunkist Growers, Inc.Inventors: Bruce Adams, William Kirk
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Patent number: 4996062Abstract: The invention relates to an enzymatic composition and method of extending the shelf life of foodstuffs. The composition contains a glucose oxidase/catalase enzyme preparation. The method can be used both in normal and modified atmosphere packages.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 1988Date of Patent: February 26, 1991Assignee: Stabra AGInventors: Paavo Lehtonen, Pirkko Aaltonen, Ulla Karilainen
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Patent number: 4988519Abstract: A coagulent for preparation of an unfermented yoghurt-like food is disclosed. The coagulent consists essentially of an admixture of protease and a coagulent for tofu selected from glucono delta lactone, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium gluconate, calcium lactate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium pantothenate and calcium glycerophosphate.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 1989Date of Patent: January 29, 1991Assignee: Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Seishi Takenawa, Mikio Ueda, Hideki Takeda
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Patent number: 4985259Abstract: Fermented soybean food without cooking is produced by roughly breaking soybean into about 1/2-1/8 in size, taking off the coat and germ, feeding the roughly broken soybean into a sealed vessel, and after introducing steam at or under 1 Kg/cm.sup.2 for 3-20 minutes to avoid cooking the broken soybean, rapidly discharging the broken soybean from the sealed vessel to the outside normal atmospheric pressure and making puff, and by grinding it into powder, sprinkling hot water of 80.degree.-95.degree. C. onto the powder to avoid cooking the powder, and inducing fermentation by adding malt and salt.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 1989Date of Patent: January 15, 1991Inventor: Satoshi Nii
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Patent number: 4985258Abstract: A kit and method for lactic acid fermentation to produce pickled vegetables. Mixed cultures of lactic acid-producing bacteria and antioxidants are provided in an initially highly acidic pickling solution to result in relatively rapid, foolproof fermentation. The acidity and anaerobic conditions minimize spoilage bacteria and molds from growing. The mixed cultures of lactobacilli provide for continuous fermentation as the acidity changes over time. The antioxidants prevent the spoilage bacteria and molds from growing without negatively impacting the fermentation reactions.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1988Date of Patent: January 15, 1991Assignee: Cultured Foods CorporationInventor: Charles A. Rosen
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Patent number: 4981699Abstract: The edible composition having improved water solubility and dispersibility of a useful hydrophobic edible material obtained from an animal or plant natural raw material, improved absorption of the hydrophobic edible material into the body, as well as improved taste and palatability, which comprises the hydrophobic edible material and a water soluble ingredient selected from the group consisting of water soluble low molecular weight peptides, water soluble concentrated extracts and mixtures thereof.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 1990Date of Patent: January 1, 1991Assignee: Seitetsu Kagaku Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shoshichiro Inada, Reikichi Yanai, Johji Ogasawara, Yoshikazu Tsubakimoto, Kazuhiro Hamatani, Masakazu Takahashi
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Patent number: 4975289Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of reducing an off-flavor in foods containing medium chain aldehydes characterized in that said foods are brought into contact with acetic acid bacteria or immobilized acetic acid bacteria (Acetobacter aceti, Gluconobacter suboxydans) in a state that said acetic acid bacteria substantially does not proliferate, and a method of reducing an off-flavor in foods containing alcohols and medium chain aldehydes characterized in that said foods are brought into contact with acetic acid bacteria of which membrane-bound alcohol dehydrogenase has been deactivated.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 1989Date of Patent: December 4, 1990Assignee: House Food Industrial Company LimitedInventors: Minoru Ameyama, Osao Adachi, Atsushi Yasuda, Yukihiro Nomura
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Patent number: 4971814Abstract: Dietary fibers having average molecular weight of 2,000-15,000, which are prepared by partially hydrolyzing polysaccharides of Konnyaku powder with a cellulase derived from microorganisms belonging to the genus Aspergillus, which are readily soluble in water, which do not prevent adsorption of useful minerals such as calcium in the digestive tract, and which do not give rise to diarrhea when an excessive amount thereof is ingested.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1989Date of Patent: November 20, 1990Assignee: Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd.Inventors: Mamoru Tomita, Joji Ono, Yasuo Fukuwatari, Teruhiko Mizota, Kazuyoshi Nanba
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Immobilized penicillium sp. naringnase and its use in removing naringin and limonin from fruit juice
Patent number: 4971812Abstract: Penicillium sp. naringinase immobilized in cellulose triacetate is useful in simultaneous removal of naringin and limonin from fruit juices.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 1989Date of Patent: November 20, 1990Assignee: National Science CouncilInventor: Hau-Yang Tsen -
Patent number: 4970083Abstract: A lactic acid fermented food is sweetened using aspartame alone or a sweetening agent containing aspartame. The lactic acid bacteria which are used to manufacture the lactic acid fermented food and which remain in same are those selected from group A consisting of: Streptococcus cremoris, Streptococcus lactis, Streptococcus diacetilactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Pedicoccus cerevisiae and Leuconostoc cremoris, and are never those selected from group B consisting of: Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Lactobacillus helveticus.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 1989Date of Patent: November 13, 1990Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Yakult HonshaInventors: Ryoichi Akahoshi, Yoshiharu Kuma, Akihiko Miyagi, Takahiro Mizobuchi
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Patent number: 4957768Abstract: A heat-sterilizable water and oil emulsion, preferably an O/W-emulsion, is obtained by incorporating from 0.05-5 wt. % each of a lyso-phospholipid (I) and a lipid-binding protein (II). Preferably the weight ratio between (I) and (II) is about 1:1. (I) is preferably obtained by treating a phospholipid or phospholipid-fraction with phospholipase A, and (II) is preferably blood serum albumin. Also a process of preparing the heat-sterilizable emulsions has been described.Type: GrantFiled: February 16, 1989Date of Patent: September 18, 1990Assignee: Unilever Patent Holdings B.V.Inventor: Christian E. Dutilh
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Patent number: 4956187Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing iron enriched food products by hydrolyzing pulverized soybean, pulverized carrot or a mixture of the two with saccharide-decomposing enzyme and cultivating yeast in said hydrolyzate in the presence of an iron compound. The food products produced by the process not only contain iron in readily absorbable and adverse reaction-free form but also are rich in nutritive elements derived from soybean and carrot so that they are very useful as meal for patients.Type: GrantFiled: October 18, 1988Date of Patent: September 11, 1990Assignee: Terumo Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Reisaburo Ishigaki
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Patent number: 4952504Abstract: Biomass slurry is hydrolyzed in a fuel fired hydrolysis heater. When the biomass is fruit waste, the organic acid in the waste is used as the hydrolysis catalyst. When the biomass does not contain organic acid, carbon dioxide generated in a fermenter is fed to the hydrolysis heater as carbonic acid to provide the catalyst. Solids are separated from the hydrolyzed effluent, and flue gas from the hydrolysis heater is used to dry same. The effluent is fermented and subsequently distilled at substantially atmospheric pressure to produce ethyl alcohol vapor. The vapor is fed to a vacuum distillation tower for producing anhydrous ethyl alcohol. Vacuum distillation tower bottoms provide the reflux for the atmospheric distillation unit. A portion of the stillage from the atmospheric distillation unit is recycled by mixing with new feedstock. The remaining stillage is evaporated to a syrup, mixed with unreacted solids, and dried to produce an animal feed byproduct.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1987Date of Patent: August 28, 1990Inventor: Stanley J. Pavilon
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Patent number: 4948600Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a natural cocoa dietary fiber enriched material, whereby the starting material is cocoa powder. The dietary fiber-rich cocoa material is obtained by removing starch which, first, is degraded enzymatically, and then, is extracted in the form of its degradation products, followed by washing, separating and drying steps. The resulting cocoa material rich in dietary fiber is suitable for producing, for example, dietary fiber enriched chocolate, dietary fiber enriched chocolate beverages, dietary fiber enriched chocolate spread and dietary fiber enriched candy.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 1989Date of Patent: August 14, 1990Assignee: Jacobs Suchard AGInventors: Albert Zumbe, Thierry Schwitzquebel
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Patent number: 4940662Abstract: A method of producing a low-molecular weight peptide mixture, comprising the steps of dissolving a first protease in a buffer solution adjusted to an optimum pH for the protease ranging from pH 3 to 10, adding at least one first protein in a buffer solution having a pH of from 3 to 10 and a concentration of 10 to 60% by weight of the protein material and thoroughly mixing the solution, adding a solution of an ester of at least one amino acid pre-formed by esterification of the amino acid with an alcohol, the pH of said buffer solution being optimum for the incorporation of said amino acid in said starting protein in the presence of said first protease in a plastein reaction, reacting said ester of at least one amino acid with said starting protein in a plastein reaction in the mixed solution whereby said at least one amino acid is covalently incorporated into said starting protein to produce a plastein reaction solution containing a modified protein, hydrolyzing said modified protein using at least one secondType: GrantFiled: November 1, 1985Date of Patent: July 10, 1990Assignee: Terumo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Ken-ichi Yamazaki, Shoji Takao, Koji Yamamoto
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Patent number: 4929451Abstract: This invention relates to a process for eliminating disagreeable odors form soya milk whereby soaked soybeans are ground with water whose dissolved oxygen has been decreased by the addition of glucose and glucose oxidase.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 1989Date of Patent: May 29, 1990Assignee: Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd.Inventors: Seishi Takenawa, Hideki Takeda, Mie Horikoshi
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Patent number: 4925681Abstract: Antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts of black tea leaves for incorporation into foods susceptible to lipid oxidation is increased by treating the extracts with tannase. Incorporation of ascorbic acid with the treated extracts in foods susceptible to lipid oxidation further increases the antioxidant activity.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1989Date of Patent: May 15, 1990Assignee: Nestec S.A.Inventors: Jimbin Mai, Laura J. Chambers, Richard E. McDonald
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Patent number: 4904483Abstract: The method for production of an upgraded coconut product comprises the steps of: enzymatically treating an aqueous suspension of particles of coconut meat, which may be purified, with a cell wall degrading enzyme and a galactomannase, all essentially free from lipases, and separating a sludge phase. By means of this method a higher yield of directly recoverable clear coconut oil can be obtained in comparison to the yield of directly recoverably clear coconut oil produced by known methods for aqueous coconut oil extraction.Type: GrantFiled: February 15, 1989Date of Patent: February 27, 1990Assignee: Novo Industri A/SInventors: Flemming M. Christensen, Hans A. S. Olsen
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Patent number: 4894244Abstract: A process for treating a hydrocarbon plant substrate containing glucids and proteins is disclosed wherein said substrate is hydrolyzed with a hydrosolubilizing enzyme to form hydrosolubilized glucids, the resulting product is fermented with yeast at a pH from 3 to 5 and the fermented product is subjected to thermolysis at a temperature ranging from 80.degree. C. to 140.degree. C. for a period of time of 30 seconds to one hour to obtain a food product having a higher protein content than the starting plant material and a particular flavor which is dependent upon the thermolysis conditions employed.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 1987Date of Patent: January 16, 1990Assignee: S.E.T.A.Inventor: Nicole Kanter
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Patent number: 4894242Abstract: The method of the invention comprises selection of whole grain rice, either white or brown rice, which is liquefied, preferably with alpha-amylase enzymes, and then treated with relatively high levels of a glucosidase enzyme and/or a beta-amylase enzyme in a saccharifying step. The total enzymatic reaction time in both the liquefaction and saccharification steps is limited to prevent development of undesirable off-flavors to yield a non-allergenic rice milk produce having surprising milk-like texture and functionality, the rice milk product being characterized by the absence of a rice-like flavor and having a preferred composition defined as follows:______________________________________ Soluble Complex Carbohydrates 10 to 70% of solids; Maltose 0 to 70% of solids; Glucose 5 to 70% of solids; Ash or Minerals 0.1 to 0.6% of solids; Protein and Fat 1 to 3.5% of solids; Fiber 0.05 to 0.4% of solids. ______________________________________The rice milk product can also be converted to a dried product.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 1988Date of Patent: January 16, 1990Inventors: Cheryl R. Mitchell, Pat R. Mitchell, Robert Nissenbaum
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Patent number: 4891231Abstract: Lipid oxidation in foods is inhibited by incorporating an extract, obtained from black tea leaves having at least 5% by weight of phenol compounds based upon the weight of tea solids in the extract, with a food susceptible to lipid oxidation such that the food contains from 0.005% to 1.5% tea solids by weight based upon the weight of the food. The extracts are obtained by heating an aqueous extract obtained from black tea leaves to a temperature of from 120.degree. C. to 210.degree. C. or by extracting black tea leaves with water at a temperature of from 120.degree. C. to 210.degree. C. Treating the extracts to be incorporated in the food with tannase provides an increase in the antioxidant activity of the extracts.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1989Date of Patent: January 2, 1990Assignee: Nestec S.A.Inventors: Jimbin Mai, Laura J. Chambers, Richard E. McDonald
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Patent number: 4886672Abstract: A process for the liquifaction of beets or chicory roots which includes washing and grinding the beets or chicory roots to provide a ground product; mixing the ground product with a mixture of enzymes that include SPS-ase, cellulase and cellobiase, as well as an acid so as to provide a pH of about 3 to 5.5; leaving the mixture for about 1 to 6 hours to accomplish a prehydrolysis of the ground product; grinding the prehydrolyzed ground product; allowing the prehydrolyzed ground product to hydrolyze for about 20 to 120 hours; and recovering the liquid hydrolyzed product.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 1988Date of Patent: December 12, 1989Assignees: Sucre Recherches et Developpement, Novo Industri A/SInventors: Regis J. M. P. de Baynast de Septfontaines, Francois E. M. E. Brouard, Jean-Luc A. G. Baret, Yvon G. A. J. M. Gicquiaux, Hans S. Olsen
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Patent number: 4885178Abstract: A soybean protein food product made by use of a newly discovered microorganism which releases a soybean protein clotting enzyme, and a method of making such soybean protein food product is disclosed. The new enzyme functions to clot a soybean protein (soymilk), thus permitting an effective production of new fermented soybean products, such as a soymilk cheese or a soymilk cream, as well as any other wide varieties of soybean protein food products.Type: GrantFiled: March 14, 1988Date of Patent: December 5, 1989Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Hokkaido NissinInventors: Tatuo Emura, Kiyoshi Ohba
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Patent number: 4882180Abstract: A soybean hydrolyzate is disclosed. The hydrolyzate is of a high nutritional value and excellent in protein absorbability. Moreover, it is free from bean-like or grass-like smelling that is characteristic of soybean, as well as from bitter taste. Consequently, the hydrolyzate is very valuable food as protein source.The hydrolyzate is characterized by that the soluble fraction of the hydrolyzate contains amino nitrogen in an amount in the range from 5 to 20%, preferably from 10 to 15% of the total nitrogen of said fraction. The hydrolyzate is prepared by pulverizing soybean, adding water to the pulverized soybean to form a slurry of a solid content in the range from 1 to 20%, heating the slurry at a temperature from 60.degree. to 100.degree. C. for a period from 5 to 180 minutes, homogenizing the slurry under a high pressure and hydrolyzing the homogenates with a neutral protease produced by Bacillus subtilis.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 1988Date of Patent: November 21, 1989Assignee: Terumo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Shoji Takao, Hiroshi Nakashima, Makoto Watanabe, Makoto Saitoh, Kyoko Chiba, Kazuo Suzuki
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Patent number: 4876096Abstract: Whole grain rice, either white or brown rice, is liquefied and treated with high levels of a glucosidase enzyme and/or a combination with beta-amylase enzyme in a saccharification step. Total enzymatic reaction time is limited to about four hours for both the liquefaction and saccharification steps combined to prevent the development of undesirable off-flavors. The product of the saccharification step is partially clarified to remove substantially all rice fiber, but not other nutritional values and then concentrated to produce a preferred rice syrup sweetener which is cloudy in character and has a solids composition defined as follows:______________________________________ Soluble Complex Carbohydrates About 10 to 70% of solids; Maltose About 0 to 70% of solids; Glucose About 5 to 70% of solids; Ash or Minerals About 0.1 to 0.6% of solids; Protein and Fat About 1 to 3.5% of solids; ______________________________________The rice syrup sweetener of the invention can be dried to produce dried rice sweeteners.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 1988Date of Patent: October 24, 1989Assignee: California Natural ProductsInventors: Cheryl R. Mitchell, Pat R. Mitchell, William A. Mitchell
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Patent number: 4873095Abstract: A process for the extraction of soluble materials from whole citrus fruit including the skin, said process comprising the steps of:severing the whole fruit to form fruit slices including the skin;extracting said fruit slices with water in a counter current extractor to form an extracted juice containing insoluble particulate material, said extraction being conducted such that bitter principles are preferentially retained and/or absorbed by the insoluble material and the introduction of bitter principles into said extracted juice is thus reduced;subjecting said extracted juice obtained from said counter current extractor to the activity of a pectinase enzyme in an amount and for a time sufficient to reduce the viscosity of said extracted juice to enable removal of at least some of said insoluble particulate material from said extracted juice; andremoving at least some of said insoluble particulate material present in said extracted juice together with bitter principles, to give citrus juice of reduced bitterneType: GrantFiled: November 4, 1987Date of Patent: October 10, 1989Inventor: Kevin W. Rundle
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Patent number: 4867990Abstract: Foods or beverages in which lactate monooxygenase is incorporated so as to prevent oxygen-caused deterioration of their quality by allowing oxygen to be eliminated from said foods or beverages rapidly and in a safe way.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 1988Date of Patent: September 19, 1989Assignee: Suntory LimitedInventors: Yoshihide Suwa, Takumi Kobayashi, Hiroshi Ishigouoka, Miyoko Ono
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Patent number: 4867992Abstract: A buttery and/or winey flavor of which diacetyl and acetoin are the major flavor constituents is produced by the fermentation of a coffee substrate. The process involves forming a nutrient media containing water and soluble coffee solids as the nutrient component, the soluble solids concentration being at least 0.5%. A microorganism which is either a strain of lactic acid producing bacteria or yeast capable of producing diacetyl is added the nutrient media and the combination is mixed and simultaneously placed into an environment of a pH of from 4.0 to 7.0, a temperature of from 16.degree. to 37.degree. C., for a period of time effective to produce diacetyl and aeration conditions wherein the nutrient media contains sufficient oxygen to allow for diacetyl production. The aforementioned process will produce diacetyl and acetoin. The diacetyl which is produced is recovered and or concentrated and added to a coffee product.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 1988Date of Patent: September 19, 1989Assignee: General Foods CorporationInventors: Barbara Boniello, Ernest Gum Jr., Richard Scarpellino, Barbara Doonan, John Patterson, Geoffrey Bertkau
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Patent number: 4859474Abstract: A process for producing fructose sweetened cereal products by enzymatically converting a portion of the cellulose fraction in a cereal comprising cereal; fiber to fructose using cellulase and glucose isomerase is claimed. The process may be carried out at moisture contents exceeding 25% (w/w) and moisture contents between about 40% to 80% are preferred.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 1987Date of Patent: August 22, 1989Assignee: Nabisco/Cetus Food Biotechnology Research PartnershipInventors: Saul L. Neidleman, John A. Maselli