Abstract: An improved tempura batter system comprises an improved primer layer and improved batter matrix layer. The batter matrix is formed from a controlled gelling of batter-forming components which balances control of gelatinization, coagulation and gelation with cellular network expansion while managing water mobility and quantity. A balancing of cereals, proteins, leavening system, fat and emulsifier produces effective gelatinization characteristics and controlled formation of outer shell. A network of well-distributed, uniformly-sized gas cells is provided throughout the matrix by employing an aerated and/or emulsified plastic fat.

Abstract: Edible fat based flakes containing a flavouring system and displaying an excellent oral and textural properties comprise: i) 0 to 2% moisture ii) 25 to 90 wt % of a fat with a Stevens hardness at 25° C. of more than 65 g iii) 0 to 15% of a flavouring system iv) 0 to 40% of sugar v) 0 to 60 wt % of a filler vi) 0 to 60% of a health component while the total of components iii) to vi) is more than 8 wt % and which flakes have a size of 0.05 mm to 2.5 cm.

Abstract: Fat based flakes with improved product performance and which flakes are easier to make than known flakes have the composition: 0 to 2 wt % moisture 25 to 90 wt % of a bakery compatible fat, which fat displays a (Crystal-5 value of at least 40% and a ratio of (Crystal-5: N20) of at least 0.55 0 to 80 wt % of a sugar 0 to 70 wt % of a filler while the flakes have a size of 0.05 mm to 2.5 cm.

Abstract: An improved ingredient and method of provides a bread dough with an acid environment conducive to preserving a baked good prior to baking without deleteriously affecting the bread dough prior to baking.

Abstract: The present invention includes a food ingredient comprising soy grits and gluten. The food ingredient is effective to make a food product having a structure substantially the same as a corresponding soy-free product made with wheat flour.

Abstract: The present invention includes a batter or dough that comprises a plurality of capsules and a cookable fluid in which the capsules are dispersed. Each of the capsules is comprised of a shell made of a lipid that melts at a predictable, narrow temperature range and a core comprised of a leavening agent. The leavening agent is either a chemical leavening agent or a yeast-based leavening agent or a combination of a chemical leavening agent and yeast-based leavening agent. The batter or dough is preserved in a flowable condition by using a combination of acidic pH, control of water activity, and refrigerated storage temperature against microbial spoilage further assured by using preservatives such as potassium sorbate or calcium propionate.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous starch enrobing slurry for coating the outer surface of a potato product having an as is solids content comprising ungelatinized starch and not less than 50% by weight rice flour and the coated potato products produced thereby.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dry mixes based on partially gelatinised starch and which are suitable for preparing static heated or microwaveable food compositions. The partially pregelatinised starch is applied as a new thickening system for microwave instant powders. Using a homogeneous and uniform partially gelatinised starch can overcome significant problems, such as powder segregation and simplifies the preparation of the dry mix composition.

Abstract: A no fat, no cholesterol cake possesses a dry premix component, containing on a volumetric percentage basis, of about 52.4% flour, 46.6% sugar, and 1% baking soda. Egg whites and various wet mix ingredients are added to the dry premix to produce a variety of different cakes. In each instance, the wet mix includes an acidic component of fruit and/or fruit juice which reacts with the baking soda to leaven the cake. The fruits and/or fruit juices which may be used include pineapple, orange, cranberry, apple, lemon, and cherry. Natural flavoring ingredients including raisins, dates, bananas, carrots, zucchini, apricots, non-fat yogurt, cinnamon, nutmeg, ginger, cloves, and vanilla may also be employed. No shortening, fillers, or unnatural ingredients are utilized.

Abstract: Chemically leavened bakery product(s) are disclosed which have characteristics similar to bakery product(s) that have been yeast leavened. A process is provided to make such a bakery product without utilizing yeast as the source of carbon dioxide for leavening. Chemically leavened dough is disclosed which may be heated as a fresh dough, or refrigerated or frozen and thereafter heated to prepare a bakery product. Multi-part dry mixes or compositions for preparing such chemically leavened bakery products are disclosed.

Abstract: A tenderizer for microwave-reheatable baked products, which is added to doughs to make fully or partially baked products, contains at least the following ingredients: fat, proteins selected from the group of soy and egg proteins, and methylcellulose. The tenderizer prevents the baked products from becoming tough or chewy upon microwave-reheating.

Abstract: Food compositions in the form of a glassy low molecular carbohydrate matrix comprising an emulsifier. The food compositions comprise about 50 to 90% of a low molecular carbohydrate and the balance emulsifier. The food compositions are in powder form (1000 .mu.m>) and are useful as emulsifier ingredients in dry mixes for dough and batters for prepared foods such as layer cakes, muffins, breads and pancakes. Also disclosed are preparation methods involving heating the low molecular carbohydrate to above its melting point, admixing the emulsifier to form a magma, rapidly cooling the magma sufficiently low enough to form a solid matrix and size reducing to form a powder of the requisite size.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a lactitol syrup that involves subjecting a mixture of lactose and an hydrolysate of inulin or of starch to catalytic hydrogenation.

Abstract: Shelf-stable complete pre-mixes, separated into two or more components. The components are chemically and microbially stable. At least one component is a high-water-activity liquid component. The components, when combined, provide all ingredients necessary to form uncooked mixes or food and beverage products.

Abstract: Compositions in the form of a glassy low molecular carbohydrate matrix comprising an emulsifier. The food compositions comprise about 50 to 90% of a low molecular carbohydrate and the balance emulsifier. The food compositions are in powder form (1000 .mu.m>) and are useful as emulsifier ingredients in dry mixes for dough and batters for prepared foods such as layer cakes, muffins, breads and pancakes. Also preparation methods involving heating the low molecular carbohydrate to above its melting point, admixing the emulsifier to form a magma, rapidly cooling the magma sufficiently low enough to form a solid matrix and size reducing to form a powder of the requisite size.

Abstract: A sweet dough dry mix is provided which incorporates highly viscous carboxymethyl cellulose in combination with hard wheat flour. When used to make up a sweet dough, the resulting dough exhibits enhanced handling when compared with similar formulations which do not incorporate the combination. Also provided are products baked from the sweet dough. These products have noticeably enhanced height and structured evenness, and they better retard staling when compared with other doughs omitting the carboxymethyl cellulose.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for improving the texture of a food product by incorporating in the food product or a precursor of the food product a bioelastic polypeptide in an amount sufficient to increase the elasticity of the food product, the bioelastic polypeptide having tetrapeptide or pentapeptide repeating units or mixtures thereof and the repeating units existing in a conformation having a .beta.-turn. The invention also provides a method for binding a food product precursor by adding a bioelastic polypeptide in an amount sufficient to bind the food product precursor, the bioelastomer having tetrapeptide or pentapeptide repeating units or mixtures thereof and the repeating units existing in a conformation having a .beta.-turn. The present invention further provides a food adjunct containing a bioelastic polypeptide having tetrapeptide or pentapeptide repeating units or mixtures thereof where the repeating units exist in a conformation having a .beta.

Abstract: Food compositions in the form of a glassy low molecular carbohydrate matrix comprising an emulsifier. The food compositions comprise about 50 to 90% of a low molecular carbohydrate and the balance emulsifier. The food compositions are in powder form (1000 .mu.m>) and are useful as emulsifier ingredients in dry mixes for dough and batters for prepared foods such as layer cakes, muffins, breads and pancakes. Also, preparation methods involving heating the low molecular carbohydrate to above its melting point, admixing the emulsifier to form a magma, rapidly cooling the magma sufficiently low enough to form a solid matrix and size reducing to form a powder of the requisite size.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a fried instant noodle wherein noodle strings comprising cereal flours, a chemical leavening agent and at least one enzyme selected from the group consisting of amylase and protease are steamed and then fried. The fried instant noodles exhibit a low oil absorption, a low calorie content, no oily odor or flavor and superior gastronomical taste and texture. The noodles can be reconstituted to a ready to eat state in a short time.

Abstract: A baking mix for preparing an edible baked good including a leavening acid comprising the product produced by heating monocalcium phosphate at an elevated temperature for a suitable period of time so that the weight of the resulting leavening acid composition is between 83 to 93 percent of the weight prior to heating is provided.

Abstract: A readily dispersible, sugar-containing food mix is prepared by applying a coating of glycerin and polysorbate onto the surface of the sugar and then blending with the remaining ingredients. The coating should contain at least 60% glycerin and at least 5% polysorbate and be applied to the sugar at a level of at least 0.6% by weight.

Abstract: A rapidly hydratable konjac flour is disclosed which is distinguishable from native konjac flour in that it gains at least least 60% of its potential peak viscosity within 10 minutes after dispersal into water at 25.degree. C., at least 80% of its potential peak viscosity within 20 minutes after dispersal into water at 25.degree. C., and from 80 to 100% of its potential peak viscosity within 30 minutes after dispersal into water at 25.degree. C. Methods for manufacturing rapidly hydratable konjac flour and uses for the inventive flour also are disclosed.

Abstract: A baked product having a blood sugar reducing effect for diabetics is manufactured by baking of a dough that contains the following ingredients: (a) soya protein, (b) a fiber component containing at least 50% by weight of wheat bran, (c) vegetable oil, (d) a fat-containing, substantially starch-free nut and/or kernel component, (e) a preferably viscous, possibly protein enriched, low-fat sour milk product, possibly in the form of a dry powder, (f) egg white, possibly in the form of a dry powder, and (g) a leavening agent, the weight ratios of the ingredients, calculated on dry matter, being as follows: (a) to (b) from 0.3 to 3 (understood as the value of a/b being in the interval from 0.3 to 3), ((a)+(b)) to (c) from 3 to 8, ((a)+(b)) to (d) from 3 to 7, ((a)+(b)+(d)) to (e) from 8 to 12 and ((a)+(b)+(d)) to (f) from 12 to 20. The product is a bread-like product, which in isocaloric amounts can replace conventional bread whereby a long-acting blood sugar reduction is obtained.

Abstract: A process for preparing a baked food product containing little or no fat, said process comprising: (a) preparing an initial mixture comprising from about 10% to about 35% by weight, as a percentage of the initial mixture, of an oat component selected from oat flour, oat bran, oat bran concentrate, defatted oat flour, defatted oat bran, defatted oat bran concentrate, and mixtures thereof, and the balance water; (b) hydrating the oat component in the initial mixture to form a hydrated mixture; (c) combining the hydrated mixture with flour and other necessary ingredients for preparing a baked product to form a baking mixture, wherein the amount of hydrated mixture combined is that amount sufficient to provide a low-fat or no-fat baked product having taste and textural properties which are substantially similar to the taste and textural properties of a full-fat version of the particular baked product; and (d) heating the baking mixture for a sufficient time and temperature to prepare a fully baked product.

Abstract: A rapidly hydratable konjac flour is disclosed which is distinguishable from native konjac flour in that it gains at least 60% of its potential peak viscosity within 10 minutes after dispersal into water at 25.degree. C., at least 80% of its potential peak viscosity within 20 minutes after dispersal into water at 25.degree. C., and from 80 to 100% of its potential peak viscosity within 30 minutes after dispersal into water at 25.degree. C. Methods for manufacturing rapidly hydratable konjac flour and uses for the inventive flour also are disclosed.

Abstract: Reduced calorie, chemically leavened batters for the production of cake-type products are disclosed which incorporate preformed expanded liquid or gel mesophase emulsifier products so as to permit substantial reduction in high calorie components (e.g., shortening and sucrose) while giving organoleptically acceptable final cakes. The emulsifier products are preformed by initially mixing an emulsifier (preferably a polar and hydrophilic emulsifier such as a sucrose ester) with water, followed by optional heating and cooling to form the emulsifier product. The batters contain up to about 50% (flour weight basis) sweetening agent, which advantageously includes a high potency sweetener together with a minor amount of sucrose. A variety of bulking agents such as polydextrose can be used to give appropriate structure to the final cakes.

Abstract: All natural, low-fat baked foods (such as cookies, cakes, and brownies) and methods of making and baking them utilize a mixture of flour, high amylose starch, and prune as a flour, fat, and egg yolk substitute. They may also include high amylopectin starch. They are, in addition low in sodium and include no mono- or diglycerides.

Abstract: The invention is a high fat biscuit mix as well as dough and biscuit products resulting therefrom. The mix comprises flour, a leavening agent, and emulsifier along with a protein supplement and shortening. The shortening has a high initial solids content at low temperatures (50.degree. F.) and a melting point of 104.degree. F. or less resulting in a biscuit product having an improved moistness, flakiness and uniform height. The protein supplement and emulsifier generally provide a product having an improved outer crust layer, improved height and shape, and an interior which is tender without being doughy. The mix and resulting dough comprise a high concentration of fat and further a high concentration of fat contributed by shortening chips within the dough.

Abstract: The present invention is a new process for flash flow processing a feedstock containing a heat sensitive ingredient and a carrier material selected from a maltodextrin and polydextrose and the product resulting therefrom. The process and product includes the use of fructose as a processing aid in an amount sufficient to reduce the amount of heat required to create flashflow conditions in the carrier portion of the feedstock.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for improving the baking properties of cake flour using microwave heating. The microwave treated cake flour is intended as a substitute for chlorinated cake flour. The present unchlorinated, microwave treated cake flour is an essential ingredient in dry mixes for batter baked goods especially high sugar-to-flour ratio layer cakes. In addition to other dry mix ingredients, preferred dry mixes additionally essentially comprise about 0.15% to 0.45% triglycerol monostearate for even greater enhancement of finished baked goods' volume. The method comprises exposing undehydrated cake flour having a moisture content of 12%.+-.2% to sufficient amounts of microwave energy to heat the flour to a temperature of about 230.degree. to 270.degree. F. and to a finished moisture content of less than 6%. Preferred microwave flours are additionally characterized by a peak pasting viscosity of at least 400 Stir Number Units.

Abstract: The invention is a high ratio baking composition as well as a method for producing high ratio baked products such as a cake which does not use chlorinated flour. The composition of the invention generally comprises heat treated flour, fiber and protein.

Abstract: This specification discloses all natural, low-fat baked foods (such as cookies, cakes, and brownies) and methods of making and baking them utilize a mixture of flour, high amylose starch, and prune as a flour, fat, and egg yolk substitute. They may also include high amylopectin starch. They are, in addition low in sodium and include no mono- or diglycerides.

Abstract: A dough mix includes a moist ingredient portion and dry ingredient portion capable of being combined to produce a complete dough requiring no additional ingredients including water or any other moisture. Additionally, both the moist ingredient portion and the dry ingredient portion are shelf-stable at room temperatures (65.degree. F. to 80.degree. F.) without the addition of chemical preservatives. The moist ingredient portion includes sugar, shortening, and all water or moisture required in the complete dough. Also, the moist ingredient portion preferably includes egg solids and flavorings such as vanilla. In any event the moist ingredient portion is mixed to have a water activity level of no greater than 0.85 to provide the desired shelf stability. The dry ingredient portion includes all flour required in the complete dough and may include leavening agents, egg solids, candy pieces, nuts, dried fruits, coconut, and other "dry" or moisture free ingredients.

Abstract: In a first embodiment, the present invention provides an improved finishing process for dry mixes for baked goods of widely varying compositions. According to this embodiment, a standard cake finisher is replaced with a disc mill, which yields surprisingly superior dry mix properties. In another embodiment of the invention having particular utility in dry mixes for brownies and the like, a dry, particulate pre-mix is formed by mixing the shortening with a selected portion of the dry ingredients of the dry mix. It is preferred that no more than approximately 25% of the total flour content of the dry mix be added in this pre-mix. This pre-mix is then mixed with the rest of the ingredients of the dry mix and this final dry mix may subjected to a finishing operation such as that of the first embodiment of the invention.

Abstract: Cake mixes utilizing unchlorinated wheat flour are disclosed comprising a quantity of unchlorinated wheat flour and about 20-40 bakers wt % unmodified starch. The cake mixes of this invention may further comprise 20-60 bakers wt % shortening, sweetening agents and a protein source. Also disclosed are cakes made from such mixes.

Abstract: A process for making a stable flavored milk product which meets the CFR regulations for milk and a dry powder for use in the process. The product is a flavored, non-agglomerated powder containing flavoring, color, Kappa and/or Iota carrageenan, and the milk proteins, casein and lactalbumin. The powder, when added to water, makes a stabilized liquid syrup with no wasteful foam during processing. Addition of the water based syrup to milk requires less aggitation than adding powders directly to milk, this resulting in less foaming and waste. The process provides for adding the liquid phase stabilization system to milk prior to homogenization to produce a stable, flavored milk drink.

Abstract: Disclosed is a premix and a complete mix for preparing bakery products suitable for microwave heating. The premix includes protein in an amount of 4.5 to 25.0 by weight and 7 to 50 shortening by weight. The premix may be combined with other ingredients to prepare a mix for preparing the bakery product. The mix may include from 46 to 80 parts flour, 4 to 22 parts shortening, and 4 to 11 parts protein material.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing vital wheat gluten with substantially no objectionable flavor or aroma includes extracting gluten from wheat or wheat flour in an aqueous process to provide vital wet gum wheat gluten which is then mixed with an aqueous preparation containing an amount of antioxidant effective to prevent production of an objectionable flavor or aroma in a subsequent drying step. The aqueous antioxidant/gluten mixture is dried to produce dried vital wheat gluten with substantially no objectionable flavor or aroma.

Abstract: A ready-to-bake dough which is storage stable at room temperature comprises flour, edible fat, texturizer and a controlled amount, particularly 8-20% by weight, of water. When the dough is prepared, the flour and fat are pretreated by forming an essentially homogeneous premix. The premix is further processed by adding water and heating, or by heating under pressure with or without the addition of water. The dough can be used to make bread, cookies, biscuits, pastries and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed is a premix and a complete mix for preparing bakery products suitable for microwave heating. The premix includes protein in an amount of 4.5 to 25.0 by weight and 7 to 50 shortening by weight. The premix may be combined with other ingredients to prepare a mix for preparing the bakery product. The mix may include from 46 to 80 parts flour, 4 to 22 parts shortening, and 4 to 11 parts protein material.

Abstract: A novel premix for cooking by a microwave oven comprising flour, sugar, baking powder and emulsifier, characterized in that the moisture content of the flour ranges from 1.0 to 9.5 weight %. The premix has good storage property. Namely, deterioration of oils, color and taste are not observed and caking and gas generation do not occur.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a lysophospholipoprotein (LPLP)-comprising foodstuff by incorporating dried LPLP or dried LPLP-comprising material, preferably having a moisture content of at most 10 wt %, at a level of 0.1-90 wt.% therein. The dried LPLP serves as a texture-modifying agent, a glossing agent, a freeze-thaw stabilizing agent, a heat-stabilizing agent and a syneresis-inhibiting agent.

Abstract: A composition of natural ingredients is disclosed which consists of a milled oat groat product and high gluten wheat flour. The composition may also contain one or more diluents of other natural grain products. The use of the composition in the manufacture of both yeast and chemically leavened baked goods results in products which do not stale and have extended keeping qualities, are nutritionally superior due to high protein and dietary fiber content and are reduced in calories. Disclosed herein are dry mixes for preparing baked goods, doughs and batters made by the addition of liquid to the dry mixes and baked goods prepared from the doughs.

Abstract: A breading crumb mixture and process for coating food products are disclosed. The crumb mixture and process impart a fried-like texture and flavor to the resultant food products. The breading crumb mixture comprises extruded flour dough crumbs, dielectrically baked crumbs and beaded shortening. The process of the invention includes the steps of coating a food product with a binding agent, breading the coated product with the breading crumb mixture, baking the breaded product in a humidified oven, applying edible oil in atomized form to the surface of the baked product, and exposing the baked product surface to high temperature heating for the purpose of browning and crisping.

Abstract: A stabilized vitamin powder comprises one or both of gliadin and glutenin and a vitamin(s).It is preferable that the powder comprises 100 parts by weight of gliadin and/or glutenin and 1 to 51 parts by weight of vitamins. In the invention, the vitamins may be clathrated and/or coated with gliadin and/or glutenin.

Abstract: A fat composition suitable for use in bakery or in confectionery, comprising(a) an aqueous phase containing a disrupted yeast cells suspension or a wheat flour suspension treated with either a disrupted yeast cells suspension or a mixture of a disrupted yeast cells suspension and an yeast(b) a fat component and(c) an emulsifier,a bakery or confectionary product produced by using the fat composition and processes for preparing them. The composition can be prepared in large quantities and has a good preservation stability, and thereby becomes more excellent for producing in industrial scale the bakery and confectionary product, which has a good color and nature of crust, grain of crum, aroma and taste, and in accordance with the process, it can prepare the product easily and simply.

Abstract: Methods of using fructose as a sweetener, particularly crystalline fructose, are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of using dry foodstuff mixes containing fructose in a crystalline form to prepare foods for consumption while hot or cold. Further, the use of fructose and acidulants to obtain a foodstuff of desired sweetness is also disclosed. The consistent sweetness of fructose over temperature, regardless of the distribution of anomeric forms thereof, and the varying effect different acidulants have on the sweetness of fructose are also disclosed.

Abstract: A dry blend useful as a bulking agent in the replacement of carbohydrates and/or fats is provided. The dry blend is comprised of a mixture of a randomly-bonded polysaccharide and a cold-water-gelling granular starch having a cold-water solubility of at least about 50% by weight. Also provided are culinary premixes and method of formulating culinary premixes.

Abstract: Dry mixes and method of formulating cake mixes for high-ratio cakes prepared from blends of crystalline sucrose, crystalline fructose and, optionally, crystalline dextrose are provided. The substitution of even minor amounts of sucrose with fructose in flour/sweetener/water mixtures was found to have a marked and disproportionate effect on the gelatinization temperature (as measured by differential scanning calorimetry) of the starch in the mixture. Models for predicting the gelatinization temperature of flour/sweetener/water systems from the amounts of flour and water and amounts and types of sweetener are also provided.

Abstract: The invention is a high fat biscuit mix as well as dough and biscuit products resulting therefrom. The mix comprises flour, a leavening agent, and emulsifier along with a protein supplement and shortening. The shortening has a high initial solids content at low temperatures (50.degree. F.) and a melting point of 104.degree. F. or less resulting in a biscuit product having an improved moistness, flakiness and uniform height. The protein supplement and emulsifier generally provide a product having an improved outer crust layer, improved height and shape, and an interior which is tender without being doughy. The mix and resulting dough comprise a high concentration of fat and further a high concentration of fat contributed by shortening chips within the dough.