Abstract: A fat substitute is disclosed which comprises water-dispersible macrocolloid particles composed of starch materials selected from the group consisting of taro, Saponaria vaccaria, Amaranthus retroflexus, Maranta arundinacea, Wheat B and buckwheat, which particles have a substantially spheroidal shape and a particle size distribution effective to impart the substantially smooth organoleptic character of an oil-and-water emulsion.

Abstract: Emulsion-type food in which a part or all of the fat components are substituted by a pulverized curdlan gel is disclosed. The food is low-calorie and has desired appearance, mouthfeel and taste.

Abstract: An indigestible dextrin characterized in that the dextrin contains:(A) up to 50% of 1.fwdarw.4 glycosidic linkages, and(B) at least 60% of an indigestible component,(C) the content of indigestible component as actually determined varying within the range of .+-.5% from a value Y calculated from at least one of equations, i.e., Equations 1 to 62, given in the specification,(D) the indigestible dextrin being prepared by adding hydrochloric acid to corn starch and heating the corn starch at 120.degree. to 200.degree. C. using an extruder,the value Y being a calculated content (%) of the indigestible component.

Abstract: Our invention concerns with ready-to-use non dairy creams with good storage stability, containing egg yolk and eggwhite. In fact, the composition of our creams is:0.05-0.5 wt % emulsifier0.5-8.0 wt % egg yolk0.01-1.0 wt % caseinate0.5-4.0 wt % egg white0-1.0 wt % thickener1-10 wt % carbohydrate25-45 wt % fatbalance: waterThe creams are sterile and display a water activity of 0.95-1.0.Also a process for the preparation of such non dairy creams is part of the invention.

Abstract: There is disclosed an opacifying material of micrgranular protein opacifying material having a mean particle size distribution of 0.1 microns to 10 microns with fewer than 20% of the total number of particles exceeding 10 microns, which is prepared by wet milling denatured whey protein isolate.

Abstract: The invention concerns whippable non-dairy creams (NDC's) that contain 15-60% of fat, wherein the fat consists mainly of a liquid oil. The NDC's further contain 0.005-3.0 wt.% of a food-acceptable inorganic salt, preferably CaCl.sub.2.

Abstract: At least part of the fat in fat-containing manufactured food products is replaced by gelatin in an amount by weight which is generally no more than 10% of the weight of the original fat content which has been replaced. Suitable gelatin for this purpose may be made from fish waste comprising fish skins by an aqueous extraction process, such as e.g. a stepwise process including separate alkaline, mineral acid and organic acid treatment steps. The gelatin is said to mimic the sensation experienced by the consumer of the creaminess or richness of foodstuffs containing regular fat levels. Exemplary products to which the invention may be applied are baked goods, dressings, whipped toppings, frostings, cream fillings and spreads. In Examples, the fat content is thus reduced substantially, to give food products which closely resemble in quality the higher fat-containing analogs.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with water-continuous non-dairy creams (NDC) with 20-50 wt. % of fat and optionally thickeners and emulsifiers. These NDC's are stable and spoonable and display preferably Stevens values of 10-500 g.

Abstract: There is provided a food and drink having a reduced oil, fat, or sugar content yet retaining good gelation properties and good organoleptic properties, etc. A part of or the whole of gelation materials, low calorie sugars and/or oils and fats is/are replaced with polyfructan.

Abstract: A fat substitute is disclosed which comprises water-dispersible macrocolloid particles composed of carbohydrate materials which particles have a substantially spheroidal shape and a specific particle size distribution effective to impart the substantially smooth organoleptic character of an oil-and-water emulsion.

Abstract: The invention concerns with whippable non-dairy creams with low fat levels (15-25 wt %), that possess excellent properties, like a whipping time less than 6 min. Also a production-process is described, which includes a tempering step to make the NDC whippable within 4 min.

Abstract: Substantially non-aggregated casein micelles are employed as a fat substitute in food products. The concentrated casein micelles can replace all or a portion of the fat or cream in food products such as frozen dairy desserts, icings, puddings, whipped toppings, fortified skim milk, dips, spreads and sauces.

Abstract: The invention concerns non-dairy creams that comprise the usual compounds: water, vegetable fat, milk component and emulsifier, preferably a caseinate. Although the concentration ratio B/C.sup.2 (B=milk component, C=emulsifier) in these NDC's is high the viscosity of these NDC's is still less than 150 mPa s. Also a process is disclosed for the preparation of these NDC's, in which a specific order of processing steps is essential.

Abstract: A frozen topping having excellent texture and stability is prepared having a fat level of from 5 to 15%, an overrun of at least 250% and a solids level of 38% to 43%. The topping contains 2.5 to 7% non-fat milk solids, 0.03 to 0.15% phosphate salts, 0.5 to 2% sodium caseinate, 0.15 to 0.6 emulsifiers and 15 to 25% water-soluble carbohydrates. The ratio of phosphate salts to non-fat milk solids is from 1:60 to 1:120.

Abstract: Novel fat mimetic compositions are disclosed to be useful in reduced calorie foods. These compounds, which can be referred to as linked esters, consist of linked multi-ester or mult-ester/ether fragments joined by a polycarboxylate. These complex linked esters may be partially broken down in the body to produce digestion residues which are substantially nondigestible themselves and are sufficiently hydrophilic to enable the digestion residues to be incorporated in the normal stool. These fat mimetic compounds are useful as replacements for fats and oils for most food applications.

Abstract: Sugar beet pectins are provided, which are characterized by unique properties which render them particularly useful in the preparation of food or drug comestibles. By incorporating the sugar beet pectins into food or drug products, improved properties, including physicochemical, rheological and nutritional properties are obtained.

Abstract: The method for making a reduced fat foodstuff entails replacing at least a portion of the fat and/or oil in the foodstuff with an aqueous dispersion of a hydroxypropylated starch having a degree of substitution of above 0.04 and an apparent amylose content of about 40%. A high amylose corn starch is the preferred starch base. a paste made from the dispersion is translucent and tends not to retrograde.

Abstract: Disclosed are food products having a first, high moisture portion and second portion comprising crisp, relatively dry materials such as puffed cereal grains or pieces without a discrete interjacent solid barrier. The high moisture phase can be a gelled diary product such as yogurt or pudding. In addition to the puffed cereal pieces, the second portion additionally essentially comprises a defined water-in-oil emulsion throughout which the pieces are dispersed. The emulsion includes a high solids, discontinuous aqueous phase, preferably gelled, dispersed within a low oil content continuous gelled oil phase. The oil phase comprises an edible liquid oil, preferably winterized, which is also gelled. The composite food products exhibit good interphasic stability for the typical refrigerated temperature distribution time periods as well as the maintenance of the relatively crisp texture of the puffed cereal pieces.

Abstract: A stable foamable product consisting of a homogenized mixture of fat, protein, water, alcohol, calcium and foam stabilizing agents such as polyphosphates and lactates. The process for preparing such a foamable alcohol product is also disclosed.

Abstract: The method of the invention comprises selection of whole grain rice, either white or brown rice, which is liquefied, preferably with alpha-amylase enzymes, and then treated with relatively high levels of a glucosidase enzyme and/or a beta-amylase enzyme in a saccharifying step. The total enzymatic reaction time in both the liquefaction and saccharification steps is limited to prevent development of undesirable off-flavors to yield a non-allergenic rice milk produce having surprising milk-like texture and functionality, the rice milk product being characterized by the absence of a rice-like flavor and having a preferred composition defined as follows:______________________________________ Soluble Complex Carbohydrates 10 to 70% of solids; Maltose 0 to 70% of solids; Glucose 5 to 70% of solids; Ash or Minerals 0.1 to 0.6% of solids; Protein and Fat 1 to 3.5% of solids; Fiber 0.05 to 0.4% of solids. ______________________________________The rice milk product can also be converted to a dried product.

Abstract: Disclosed are snack products comprising a dried agglomeration of fruit or vegetable pieces as well as a method for making these snack products. This method involves utilizing a sugar soaking step to prevent the collapse and shrinkage of the individual pieces of fruit or vegetable during the drying process. The method further comprises mixing the pieces of fruit or vegetable with a foam composition prior to drying. This results in distribution of the pieces within the snack in an open mat structure so that the snack product is characterized by a ratio of solids volume to total volume of from about 0.5 to about 0.85. The final snack product has a low water activity and bulk density and provides a crisp, tender eating quality.

Abstract: A shelf-stable aseptic dairy product and process for preparing the same are disclosed. The product comprises dairy ingredients, an added monoglyceride emulsifier, sodium alginate stabilizer and other optional ingredients. The process comprises (a) heating dairy ingredients to above about 60.degree. C.; (b) combining heated dairy ingredients, added emulsifier, sodium alginate stabilizer, and other optional ingredients; (c) performing an ultra-high temperature treatment; (d) cooling; (e) homogenizing to produce a stable and uniform emulsion; and (f) further cooling and packaging the resulting cooled emulsion in an aseptic container under aseptic conditions. A shelf-stable aseptic packaged product prepared according to the disclosed process is also disclosed. The product is shelf-stable for several months and is capable of forming a stable foam upon whipping.

Abstract: An acidified dairy cream characterized by a non-grainy texture and the absence of cooked flavors is made by acidifying dairy-derived cream to a pH level of approximately 4.6 or below. The cream is then heated to a range of 222.degree. F. to 264.degree. F. while being subjected to a pressure of at least approximately 180 psig. The cream is then aseptically packaged.

Abstract: Non-fat and reduced fat whipped frozen dessert products wherein part or all of the milk fat, vegetable fat or oil ordinarily incorporated therein is replaced by a proteinaceous macrocolloid of , e.g., denatured whey protein particles. Illustrative embodiments include non-fat ice cream analog products having reduced calorie content, enhanced food value due to increased protein content, and possessing the physical and organoleptic character of full fat ice creams.

Abstract: A whipped food products are disclosed comprised of an oil-in-water emulsion of nonfat milk solids, and about 40% to about 70% water, and sugar in a ratio to water of about 1:1.75 to about 3.0, said sugar being comprised of at least about 30% fructose and/or dextrose; and about 3% to about 10% fat, wherein at least about 50% of said fat is a solid beta phase-tending crystalline fat, and minor, effective amounts of flavoring, emulsifier, and stabilizer, wherein the stabilizer comprises a polysaccharide stabilizer effective to substantially inhibit the crystallization of the lactose present in the nonfat milk solids, wherein the product is substantially noncrystalline and spoonable at about 0.degree. F., and the volume of the product remains substantially constant during storage at about 0.degree. F. for at least about six months. Optionally, a polyhydric alcohol may replace a part of the sugar.

Abstract: Shelf-stable aerosol dispensable yogurt products are disclosed. These products contain a stabilizer system comprising a preponderant amount of microcrystalline cellulose together with carboxymethylcellulose and a hydrophillic gum or colloid such as xanthan gum, and can be used as desserts and as toppings for other dessert items.

Abstract: A sterile composite emulsion useful for food such as cream which comprises an aseptic homogeneous mixture of oil and/or aqueous phases, and a primary emulsion thereof, said oil and/or aqueous phases and said primary emulsion being separately treated by ultra-high temperature heating sterilization. A process for producing the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for preparing soybean vegetable whipping cream is obtained by mixing soybean aqueous infusion to which is added soy cellulose, with vegetable oil to which are added alginic acid derivative, sugar ester, sodium polyphosphate, antioxidant and fruit wine, whereafter the mixture of the ingredients is stirred at low temperature to obtain a homogenous emulsion followed by aging at a low temperature.

Abstract: A highly stable whippable emulsion has been developed which achieves long term creaming stability in the liquid form as well as whips rapidly into a highly-aerated stable foam. The process for making the stable whippable emulsion is described.

Abstract: A water-soluble levan having a weight average molecular weight of about 10,000-40 million, preferably about 5-25 million and especially about 10-20 million which stabilizes a bovine serum albumin colloid having index (EAI) of about 3-100 determined according to the formula EAI=2T/OC wherein T is turbidity measured at 500 nm, C is the weight of emulsified protein per unit volume of the aqueous phase, and O is the volume fraction of a dispersed oil phase is produced by fermenting a nutrient growth medium feedstock having a carbon source consisting essentially of an assimilable sugar selected from the group consisting of sucrose, raffinose, or a mixture thereof with a microorganism capable of converting at least 50%. of the fructose value of the sugar to said levan under nutrient growth conditions which enhance levan production while suppressing ethanol production. It is useful as a colloid stabilizing agent, particularly with foods, beverages, pharmaceuticals, dentifrices, and cosmetics.

Abstract: A process for preparing a powder-form composition for preparation of a frothy beverage is prepared from an aqueous solution and suspension of fats, proteins, lactose and other carbohydrates, wherein the ratio by weight of proteins to lactose is from 1:3.5 to 1:5. The aqueous solution and suspension is preheated, heated, concentrated, gasified, pressurized and then this concentrate is directed through a spray nozzle and the spray is contacted with a plurality of turbulent component streams of drying air to decrease the pressure at the spray nozzle. The composition is then post-dried.

Abstract: A powder-form composition of fats, proteins, lactose and other carbohydrates, in which the ratio by weight of proteins to lactose is from 1:3.5 to 1:5. The particles of the composition have cavities containing gaseous contents which, upon reconstitution to prepare a beverage, are released and a froth is formed on the surface of the beverage.

Abstract: A novel whipped low fat and low cholesterol water separation resistant tofu cheese spread with a substantially soft creamy texture is described. A method of manufacturing a tofu cheese is disclosed from a firm relatively non-porous tofu brick by coating the brick with a thin mellow white miso coating, aging the coated brick, scraping miso from said brick and soaking the brick in water until the salt content of the brick reaches equalibrium with the water and thereafter whipping such brick to form a creamy texture.

Abstract: A process for preparing an emulsion containing soy protein and which contains no milk fat, according to which the soy protein material, is initially dispersed in a non-milk fat phase instead of a water phase. The process may further include the addition of phosphates in an amount effective to impact the stability of the emulsion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a whipped dessert; wherein a gelling agent comprising two components which may form a gel when they are mixed with each other is utilized, wherein one of two components is included in a first liquid material containing at least a whipping ingredient of an aimed dessert, the other of two components of the gelling agent is included in a second liquid material containing the remaining ingredients of the aimed dessert product; and wherein the first liquid material is whipped, the second liquid material is mixed with the whipped material for gelling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a whippable, non-homogenized cream having a fat content of 20 to 30% by weight and a pH of 6.2 to 6.5, which contains0.2 to 0.4% by weight of at least one emulsifying agent consisting of a mixture of distilled monoglycerides in a carrier, wherein the weight ratio of saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids in the fatty acid ester is between 80:20 and 20:80,0.2 to 0.4% by weight of at least one binder based on starch, as well as0.03 to 0.06% by weight of carragheenate as a stabilizer, and to a method wherein at least one of said emulsifying agent, said binder, said carragheenate and at least one organic and physiologically acceptable acid are dispersed in milk and the amount of non-homogenized cream required to achieve the desired fat content in the final product.

Abstract: A bacteria-free foamable oil-in-water emulsion including chocolate is prepared by forming an emulsion containing (1) 5-35 wt % of oil, (2) 3-30 wt % of chocolate component, (3) 10-30 wt % of sugar component, (4) 0.5-4 wt % of sodium caseinate, (5) 0.02-0.1 wt % of phosphoric acid salt, (6) 0.05-3 wt % of stabilizer, (7) 2-6 wt % of defatted milk solid, (8) 3-10 wt % of emulsifier based on the oil and (9) 40-60 wt % of all solid components in the emulsion and by sterilizing the said emulsion by heating at ultra high temperature. The bacteria-free foamable oil-in-water emulsion including chocolate has long time stability and high foamability, and it meets the current demand for baking or confectionary products having softness and wetness.

Abstract: Methods for preparing purified, decolorized polydextrose having a lower caloric value, higher pH and less color than presently available commercial material, and the use of said improved product in edible foodstuffs and beverages.

Abstract: An ungelled processed food product, especially an emulsion such as ice cream, whipping cream, cheese spread, cheese slices, a flavored milk drink, or a meringue, which has been stabilized and/or thickened by the incorporation therein of at least one glucomannan, preferably a glucomannan derived from Amorphophallus species.

Abstract: A process for making a stabilized frozen whipped cream. Heavy whipping cream is whipped into whipped cream having stiff peaks, and a mixture of sweeteners and dry stabilizers is incorporated into the whipped cream. A warm gelatin solution is then blended with the whipped cream and mixture of sweeteners and dry stabilizers to form a homogeneous mass which is then frozen. The dry stabilizers are microcrystalline cellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose which with the gelatin give integrity to the air cell structure so that on thawing the frozen whipped cream retains its volume and does not experience syneresis.

Abstract: A dry mix for making a whipped topping when combined with cold milk or water is produced by dry blending a spray dried, encapsulated fat, a sweetener and particles of a hydroxypropyl cellulose gum. The prepared topping has excellent texture, an absence of off-flavors and a relatively low level of the hydrocolloids stabilizers.

Abstract: A method for improving the whipping properties of cream by the addition of a fraction of buttermilk to the cream is disclosed. A concentrate is produced by ultrafiltration of buttermilk, which concentrate is made acid to a pH lower than 4.0, preferably 3.8. This concentrate is mixed with cream with a desired fat content in an amount of 5-15%. The obtained mixture is neutralized and thereafter treated in a desired manner.

Abstract: A process for the production of a beatable cream of low fat content and high keeping quality is described. The cream is given a fat content of 17-31% by weight and will have a shelf life of up to 8 weeks when kept in cold storage. Cream having a fat content of more than 35% by weight is mixed with sweet buttermilk, tempered by alternate heating and chilling, and is then heated to a temperature above the melting point of the fat. The pH of the cream is adjusted to about 5.95-6.25 by adding sour milk or sour buttermilk, whereupon the mixture is allowed to swell. After that, it is homogenized, chilled and sterilized. After sterilization, it is again homogenized in two steps at a temperature above the melting point of the fat, whereupon it is chilled and packaged.

Abstract: Converted starches, which with water form gels having a neutral taste and perferably a creamy, smooth consistency, are suitable as fat-and/or oil-replacements in various foodstuffs, especially high fat-and/or oil-containing foodstuffs such as ice cream and mayonnaise.The starches (e.g., tapioca, corn, or potato) have a DE of less than 5 and their aqueous dispersions have a hot flow viscosity of at least about 10 sec. at 10-50% solids, and they are capable of forming gels having a strength of at least about 25 g. within 24 hrs. and 4.degree. C. at 10-50% solids. The preferred starches are tapioca dextrins having a DE of about 2 or less and hot flow viscosity and gel strength of about 20-100 sec. and 65-930 g. at 25-35% solids. Acid- and enzyme-converted starches are also suitable.

Abstract: A process for making a freeze-thaw stable frozen whipped topping containing milk fat. The process for making this topping comprises controlling the pH of topping ingredient admixture.

Abstract: A process for whipping an homogenized emulsion comprised of fat, protein, emulsifier, stabilizer and water. The emulsion is aerated in a continuous mixer. The aerated emulsion is then pressure reduced in a gradual manner and whipped under pressure. The whipped emulsion is then reduced to atmospheric pressure wherein the temperature of the whipped emulsion upon reaching atmospheric pressure is from about 46.degree. F. to 60.degree. F.

Abstract: An oil-in-water emulsion comprising edible fats and oils, milk protein and/or vegetable protein, an emulsifier and water is disclosed. The emulsion further contains 0.2 to 6% by weight of amino acids and 3 to 40% by weight of saccharides. It is characterized by long shelf life and provides whipping cream and other creams having excellent storability.

Abstract: A process for making a freeze-thaw stable frozen whipped topping containing milk fat. The process for making this topping comprises the inclusion of a calcium chelating agent in the topping's ingredients.

Abstract: Process for making a frozen foam by reducing the calcium activity of a dairy medium by at least about 70% and adding gum, carbohydrate and water. After adding a lipid sol, the mix is homogenized, cooled, whipped and frozen.

Abstract: There is provided a food-grade modifier comprising a substantially water-insoluble neutralized solid complex precipitate of calcium, phosphorous and at least one amino acid selected from tyrosine, lysine and aspartic acid. Optionally, the complex may include at least one further amino acid selected from tryptophan and phenylalanine. The modifier effects stabilization, suspension, emulsification and the like in food or non-food compositions, e.g. for providing a whipped topping. The process comprises precipitating the complex from a specifically neutralized medium containing the amino acid, calcium and phosphorous.