Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in edible fats, in particular to improved hardstocks for use in spreads having a low content of saturated fat and to spreads containing these hardstocks. Edible spreads should contain particularly low levels of C-16 saturated fatty acids and low levels of trans fatty acids. Accordingly, the invention provides a fat blend, for use as a hardstock in an edible emulsion spread, obtainable by interesterification of a fat rich in behenic acid together with a fat rich in palmitic and/or stearic acid such that in the interesterified mixture the behenic acid content is at least 5% and the sum of palmitic and stearic acid content is at least 50%. Such hardstock fats may be obtained by interesterification of 10%-90% (by weight) wet fractionated palm stearin (80% palmitic acid) with 90%-10% (by weight) fully hydrogenated high erucic rapeseed oil. The preferred ratio of components is 60% of the behenic acid source and 40% of the palmitic and/or stearic acid source.

Abstract: A butter-like spread containing 35-80% w/w fat is formed into an oil-in-water emulsion. The fat portion is said to contain 10% w/w saturated fatty acids and 80% w/w unsaturated fatty acids with no trans fatty acids.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a reduced-fat margarine-type spread prepared from liquid, edible vegetable oils. The spread is a two-phase emulsion comprising a continuous aqueous phase and a dispersed liquid oil phase. The emulsion contains from about 45% to about 65% liquid vegetable oil, from about 15% to about 20% of calcium gluconate, from about 18% to about 28% of water and from about 0.2% to about 1.2% of a hydrophilic emulsifier.

Abstract: A degradation product of a polysaccharide derivative comprising a mixture of oligomers of the polysaccharide derivative, the majority of said oligomers having a molecular weight such that the oligomer conforms to a rod-like configuration.

Abstract: A low-fat cream composition which comprises oil-and-fat ingredients and emulsifying agent ingredients, wherein the solid fat content of said oil-and-fat ingredient is not less than 50% at 5.degree. C. and not less than 40% at 15.degree. C., and 2-unsaturated-1,3-disaturated triglycerides are contained in said oil-and-fat ingredients at an amount of at least 25% based on the total weight of the fatty ingredients, said emulsifying agent ingredients comprise essentially only emulsifying agents having an HLB of not higher than 8.5 and are contained in said cream composition at an amount of 0.15 to 1.0% based on the total weight of said cream composition, and polyglycerin fatty acid ester as an emulsifying agent ingredient is contained in said cream composition at an amount of 0.1 to 0.4% based on the total weight of said cream composition.

Abstract: A pourable acidic dressing containing selected non-starch polysaccharides in the form of sheared gel particles to suspend particulate materials in the dressing. The dressing contains up to small amounts of xanthan which are rheologically acceptable.

Abstract: A fat-continuous spread comprising:(A) from 0.1 to 10 wt % of gelatin;(B) from 0.1 to 7 wt % of a gelled polysaccharide not being starch;and(C) from 10 to 60 wt % of fat.The balance of the above being traditional constituents of spreads.

Abstract: A process for encapsulating an aroma or flavour for a beverage. An oil-in-water emulsion is formed from a hydrolyzed vegetable oil, an aqueous medium, and a water-soluble, carbohydrate-based, film forming agent. A sufficient amount of the film forming agent is added so that the aqueous phase of the emulsion contains at least 50% by weight of the film forming agent. The oil-in-water emulsion is sprayed onto a soluble beverage powder whereupon the aqueous layer of each droplet rapidly desiccates to form the capsules; the moisture content of soluble beverage powder after spraying being less than 5% by weight. In use, the soluble beverage powder is dissolved in hot water to release the aroma or flavour.

Abstract: A method for preparing a stable, whipped cream of milk filler product for cakes, pies or the like including the steps of formulating an aqueous mixture of dairy ingredients having from about 3.3 to about 12 percent by weight fat content and from 3 to about 11 percent by weight protein content, heating the aqueous mixture to denature any serum proteins, intermixing a honey component to the heated and denatured aqueous mixture, intermixing a supplemental component containing a sugar, glucose, starch and whipping agent, the supplemental component including from about 10 to about 52 percent by weight of the product, providing a viscosity modifying fat component containing an emulsifier and stabilizer, heating the fat component and intermixing with the supplemented mixture, sterilizing the supplemental mixture containing the modifying fat component, cooling the sterilized mixture to a pre-whipping temperature and whipping the cooled mixture to a desired consistency prior to filling.

Abstract: There is provided a custard cream, a body of which is formed by utilizing crystallizability of a SUS type oil-and-fat (utilizing a plastic state "thickened state" of an oil-in-water emulsion composition). This custard cream has very good melting properties in the mouth and smooth texture, in which no polysaccharides such as starch, gelatinizing agent and the like are necessary and which utilizes crystallizability of an oil-and-fat without forming a body by foaming force as in the case of a whipped cream.

Abstract: A heat-resistant or thermostable chocolate composition is prepared by mixing a chocolate mass, commonly used for preparing chocolate compositions, with a solution mainly consisting of a water-in-oil microemulsion comprising water, fat and an emulsifier, and optionally small amounts of one or more other phases, the water in the microemulsion being present in the form of droplets having a size of 10-1,000 .ANG..In a process for preparing the heat-resistant chocolate composition, a chocolate mass commonly used for preparing chocolate compositions is mixed with a solution mainly consisting of a water-in-oil microemulsion comprising water, fat and an emulsifier, and optionally small amounts of one or more other phases, the water in the microemulsion being present in the form of droplets having a size of 10-1,000 .ANG..

Abstract: Whippable, water-continuous fat emulsions comprising 10-40% of a fat mixture with a composition obtained by blending at least fats A and B: 0.01-2 wt % of a thickener: 0.01-2 wt % of an emulsifier system and 1-8 wt % of a milk protein compound: fats A and B being: low in SAFA and free of trans (=fat A), a high in PUFA (=fat B), while the N.sub.5 of the fat mixture ranges from 20 to 40 and the N.sub.35 is less than 5 and the SAFA content of the fat mixture is less than 35 mol %.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions of one or more glycerol monoesters of fatty acid; one or more fatty acid esters of polyoxyethylenated glycerol, hexitan, hexitol, or isohexide; one or more polymeric glycerol esters of fatty acid; and edible oil; which are dilutable with water to form a release agent useful in, e.g., baking operations.

Abstract: The invention concerns ready-to-use glazing agents with the composition:5-25 wt. % of liquid vegetable oil;5-15 wt. % of casein or its salts;0.005-10 wt. % of emulsifier;0.1-8.0 wt. % of a compound giving a browning upon heating, preferably by a Maillard-type of reaction andbalance: water.The composition is sterilizable and has a shelf-life after sterilization of more than 3 months.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with an edible plastified dispersion having a fat content of less than 30% by weight and comprising a continuous fat phase, which includes an aqueous phase that contains protein or hydrocolloid or a mixture thereof, wherein the composition constituting the aqueous phase has a viscosity of less than 400 cps at a temperature of 35.degree. C. and a shear rate of 1000 s.sup.-1, and wherein the content of amino acid residues is less than 200 ppm calculated on the weight of the aqueous phase.

Abstract: A method of treating maltodextrin by adding a seed material to an aqueous solution of a maltodextrin having a DE not exceeding about 6 and that is heated to a temperature of at least 70.degree. C. Addition of a seed material promotes aggregate formation and so promotes gelling, resulting in production of a firmer gel than conventionally obtainable.The invention also provides a method of treating maltodextrins by maintaining an aqueous solution or dispersion of maltodextrin having a DE not exceeding about 6 (e.g. Paselli SA2) at a temperature of less than 50.degree. C. for at least 1 hour; then heating the solution or dispersion to a temperature of at least 70.degree. C.; followed by cooling. Maltodextrin treated in this way forms a gel that is firmer in consistency than maltodextrin gels produced by conventional processes.

Abstract: A foodstuffs parting composition for coating cooking surfaces composed of a water-in-oil emulsion prepared from lecithin, an edible oil component, an emulsifying agent selected from the group consisting of one or more of monocalcium phosphate, calcium chloride dihydrate, dibasic magnesium phosphate trihydrate and potassium chloride, and water. The lecithin is preferably acetylated lecithin, and the preferred emulsifying agent is monocalcium phosphate and is present in an amount of at least about 1 percent by weight of the composition. In alternative embodiments, mono- and diglycerides, including, e.g., phosphated mono- and diglycerides, are used as substitutes for the lecithin. Medium chain triglycerides are sometimes used with or in place of the edible oil as part of the edible oil component.

Abstract: A process for making a preserve from unripe, fruit which includes a first stage of subjecting the unripe fruit to contact with table salt, a second stage of immersing the fruit in vinegar, and a third stage of immersing the fruit in vegetable oil.

Abstract: Chickens are fed a composition including fish oil over a period of time. Modified eggs laid by such chickens contain substantial quantities of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The modified eggs are fed to humans with the result that serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides and blood pressure are reduced as compared to humans eating a like number of regular eggs with a subsequent decrease in heart disease.

Abstract: This invention is for a process for producing a water-in-oil emulsion and edible margarine-like spread composition having a fat content of less than 80 percent by weight and having the approximate consistency of margarine, the process comprising forming a liquid dispersion of a water phase and a liquid fat phase of a substantially hard fat and a liquid soft fat, followed by cooling of the dispersion and subjecting the cooled dispersion to a shearing force sufficient to produce a water-in-oil emulsion, and discharging the emulsion to provide a product having the approximate consistency of margarine at room temperature.

Abstract: Infant formula and baby food compositions are presented which contain single cell edible oil which is recovered from dinoflagellates and which lacks unpleasant tastes and fishy odors. This single cell edible oil comprises at least 70% triglycerides which contain about 20-35% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and lack eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). To produce the single cell oil, the dinoflagellates are cultivated in fermentors and induced to produce the single cell oil which is subsequently recovered by extraction with solvents.

Abstract: Bakery compositions and baked goods which have taste and organoleptic properties equal to or superior to the same types of products prepared in accordance with traditional, full fat formulations, have substantially reduced fat contents. One or both of a dough formulation and a roll-in spread positioned between layers of the rolled dough formulation have substantially reduced fat contents. A fat substitute which is substantially fat free or contains only very low levels of fat is incorporated into either or both of the dough formulation and of the roll-in formulation.

Abstract: A calcium ion containing composition comprising a water in oil emulsion having a dispersed aqueous phase and a continuous oil phase, which composition is orally administerable and palatable to cows without causing lesions of the stomach and which composition is effective in preventing milk fever, said composition further comprising a calcium salt which is dissolved in the aqueous phase to form a calcium ion containing aqueous phase solution, the calcium in the composition, calculated as free calcium ion, comprising 10 to 20 percent by weight of the composition, said composition further including from 0.5 to 10 percent oil soluble non-ionic emulsifier. The invention also includes the method of orally administering the composition to cows to treat milk fever.

Abstract: The invention concerns high-stability oils comprising vegetable, non-lauric triglycerides that are liquid above 10.degree. C. and that display RIP values at 120.degree. C. of at least 35 hours.The N-profile of the oils displays the following characteristics: N.sub.15 <10; N.sub.10 <15 and N.sub.0 <20.

Abstract: There is described a cream composition in the form of an O/W type emulsion in which a mixture of raw materials containing an oil, SNF and water is emulsified with a combination of lysolecithin and polyglycerin fatty acid ester.

Abstract: The emulsified taste-modifier composition of the present invention comprises Curculigo latifolia fruits, processed Curculigo latifolia fruits or a component containing curculin obtained therefrom, an emulsifier, an aqueous phase and a fat component.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an edible microemulsion which includes an oil which cannot be formed into a microemulsion in a matrix of water and an alcohol selected from the group consisting of ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerine, sugar, sugar alcohol and mixtures thereof, a hydrophilic surfactant, a first water miscible alcohol emulsifying agent, a second water immiscible alcohol emulsifying agent and water.

Abstract: The invention provides reduced fat spread products which do not contain either preservatives or emulsifiers have acceptable organoleptic properties and to processes of preparing same. These are edible emulsions comprising a dispersion of a 15-60% wt. of a water phase in 40-85% wt. of a continuous fat phase CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the water phase contains less than 0.05% protein, has a D3,3 not more than 2.0 .mu.m and a sigma value for the water drop size distribution of not more than 2.5. In preferred embodiments the spreads are stable in the absence of an emulsifier system but may contain an emulsifier as an anti-spattering agent.

Abstract: A fat substitute is disclosed which comprises water-dispersible macrocolloid particles composed of starch materials selected from the group consisting of taro, Saponaria vaccaria, Amaranthus retroflexus, Maranta arundinacea, Wheat B and buckwheat, which particles have a substantially spheroidal shape and a particle size distribution effective to impart the substantially smooth organoleptic character of an oil-and-water emulsion.

Abstract: A rich and creamy sauce or soup is provided with a reduced fat content by incorporating the fat droplets in two populations, i.e. droplets above 10 microns and droplets below 5 microns, with the emulsion being substantially free of fat droplets between 5 and 10 microns.

Abstract: An emulsion for use as a shortening substitute is disclosed to contain from about 10% to about 40% of a fat phase containing a triglyceride and emulsifier containing propylene glycol monoester of fats and fatty acids; from about 60% to about 90% of an aqueous phase containing 5% to about 30% of a viscosifier and 10% to 50% of a polyol humectant. The viscosifier may include a starch, a starch derivative, or a gum. This plastic emulsion is used to make a reduced fat shortening substitute in bakery products.

Abstract: Texturized oils and oil-continuous emulsions are prepared by combining liquid oils with edible polymers. The resulting texturized oils and emulsions are gelled substances having a fat-like consistency which approximates the viscoelastic properties of solid fats, such as butter, margarine or hydrogenated vegetable oils, but contain no saturated fats. These texturized oils and emulsions can be used as a substitute for solid fats in food products and to make high-quality spreads containing reduced amounts of saturated fat.

Abstract: Texturized oils and oil-continuous emulsions are prepared by combining liquid oils with edible polymers. The resulting texturized oils and emulsions are gelled substances having a fat-like consistency which approximates the viscoelastic properties of solid fats, such as butter, margarine or hydrogenated vegetable oils, but contain no saturated fats. These texturized oils and emulsions can be used as a substitute for solid fats in food products and to make high-quality spreads containing reduced amounts of saturated fat.

Abstract: Our invention concerns with ready-to-use non dairy creams with good storage stability, containing egg yolk and eggwhite. In fact, the composition of our creams is:0.05-0.5 wt % emulsifier0.5-8.0 wt % egg yolk0.01-1.0 wt % caseinate0.5-4.0 wt % egg white0-1.0 wt % thickener1-10 wt % carbohydrate25-45 wt % fatbalance: waterThe creams are sterile and display a water activity of 0.95-1.0.Also a process for the preparation of such non dairy creams is part of the invention.

Abstract: This invention is for a process for producing a water-in-oil emulsion and edible margarine-like spread composition having a fat content of less than 80 percent by weight and having the approximate consistency of margarine, the process comprising forming a liquid dispersion of a water phase and a liquid fat phase of a substantially hard fat and a liquid soft fat, followed by cooling of the dispersion and subjecting the cooled dispersion to a shearing force sufficient to produce a water-in-oil emulsion, and discharging the emulsion to provide a product having the approximate consistency of margarine at room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for producing a marine oil preparation, in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion, with the viscosity of mayonnaise, containing 22 to 90% by weight of cod-liver oil or other marine oils, or concentrates of such oils, where the emulsion is filled into containers made of an air-resistant material and which follows closely the contents during and after dosage so that no air space arises and therefore no oxidation of the preparation occurs. The production process occurs preferably under an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stable emulsion system comprising a native protein/alkylene glycol alginate complex stabilizer. The emulsifying system is particularly suited for employment in acidic beverages, food comestibles and personal care products which require stable oil-in-water emulsions.

Abstract: The present invention regards a low fat spread comprising from about 30 to about 40 wt. % of a continuous fat phase and about 60 to about 70 wt. % of an aqueous phase. The fat phase further comprises a non-proteinaceous fat crystallization inhibitor in an amount of less than 0.5 wt. % and a non-proteinaceous emulsifier. The aqueous phase contains a dairy protein in an amount of less than about 0.1 wt. %.

Abstract: The invention concerns water-continuous emulsions having a fat content of 1-60 wt. %, and wherein the aqueous phase consists of a gelling polysaccharide capable of forming a gel while the shear modulus of the aqueous phase must fulfil specific requirements and while the gelling polysaccharides are present as microgels with a mean equivalent diameter of less than 100 .mu.m.The emulsion is spoonable, meaning that it fulfils specific requirements as to yield value, Bingham viscosity and failure to stress.The emulsions can be used in non-dairy creams, in dressings and mayonnaises.

Abstract: An edible plastic dispersion not having a continuous fat phase, including at least two condensed phases, at least one of which is continuous, the dispersion comprising a first gel-forming composition and a second gel-forming composition containing 1-8 times the critical concentrations of a gelling starch having a rheological property in an aqueous dispersion characterized by a one-half G'.sub.max value at no more than about 7,250 seconds when prepared at a concentration to yield a log G'.sub.max value of 5.0 at 15,000 seconds at 11.degree. C. provided that the aqueous dispersion of the gelling starch is initially prepared at 0 to 40.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention concerns with whippable non-dairy creams with fat levels of 15-60 wt %, wherein the fat consists for 25-85 wt % of a liquid oil and for the rest of a hard fat that possess excellent properties, like a whipping time less than 6 min. Also a production-process is described, which includes a tempering step to make the NDC whippable within 4 min.

Abstract: Very stable W/O/W and O/W/O multiple emulsions which include a substantially continuous gelatinous membrane at an aqueous/oil interfacial region of the emulsions are provided. Particularly preferred gelatinous membrane-containing multiple emulsions are prepared in methods employing an aqueous phase comprising an aqueous soluble/gellable polysaccharide and a lipid phase comprising a metal cation-containing compound, wherein the metal cation salt of the aqueous soluble polysaccharide is a gel. Also provided are W/O/W multiple emulsions having an ethylcellulose-containing oil phase, which emulsions exhibit improved stability at temperatures between 0.degree. C. and 10.degree. C.

Abstract: Polypeptides which consist substantially of alpha-helix-forming amino acid sequences are useful as emulsifiers, if the helix has at least one hydrophilic axial domain and at least one hydrophobic axial domain such that the helix can adapt a log-in-water orientation at a fat-water interface. The hydrophobic domain may occupy 80.degree.-280.degree. of the circle defined by the helix.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for preparing a W/0/W multiple emulsion by a greatly simplified, unique procedure. In the method, a mixture of oil, water, a second alkyl containing polar, protic solvent and a hydrophilic emulsifier is provided. This mixture breaks down the oil into extremely small droplets which in effect results in the solution of the oil in the mixture. This mixture containing extremely small droplets of oil is referred to herein as a "microemulsion". The 0/W microemulsion is then diluted with sufficient water to cause destabilization of the microemulsion and to provide a W/0/W multiple emulsion.

Abstract: There is disclosed a low calorie fat substitute comprising a non-flowable aqueous phase and an oil phase, with the interaction between said aqueous and oil phases resulting in a pourable emulsion. Also disclosed are food compositions containing pourable and nonpourable emulsions.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a process for preparing a dispersion comprising a continuous fat phase and a dispersed gelled aqueous phase, wherein a water-continuous composition, containing at least 1% gelatin by weight of water, is cooled from above the gel setting temperature of the water-continuous composition to below said gel setting temperature and subjected to such conditions of shear that the water-continuous composition is converted into small gelled aqueous beads, after which a fat-continuous dispersion is formed while maintaining the temperature at below the gel melting temperature. Another aspect of the present invention is a dispersion comprising less than 23% by weight of a continuous fat phase and a dispersed gelled aqueous phase containing gelatin at a concentration of 1 to 7 times its critical concentration and optionally a combination of one or more gelling agents other than gelatin at a concentration below their critical concentration.

Abstract: An aerosol-dispensable foodstuffs parting composition for coating cooking surfaces comprising a water-in-oil emulsion containing natural lecithin, refined lecithin or a chemically modified lecithin selected from the group consisting of acylated, preferably acetylated lecithin, hydroxylated lecithin, and acetylated-hydroxylated lecithin, or mixtures thereof; an edible oil; an emulsifying agent; water; and a pressurized, normally gaseous propellant suitable for discharging the composition as an aerosol spray. A procedure for preparing the water-in-oil emulsion comprises mixing together the aforesaid ingredients except the propellant with about 7 to 21% of the total water, to form a concentrate. The remainder of the water and the propellant are added later. The emulsion may also contain one or more of a humectant, a suspending agent, a release agent and a blocking agent.

Abstract: Novel liquid nutritional compositions comprising a lipid fraction, a protein fraction and a specific combination of glucides useful as dietetics and therapeutics.

Abstract: The invention concerns whippable non-dairy creams (NDC's) that contain 15-60% of fat, wherein the fat consists mainly of a liquid oil. The NDC's further contain 0.005-3.0 wt.% of a food-acceptable inorganic salt, preferably CaCl.sub.2.

Abstract: Fat mimetic compositions which may be used in low/no fat salad dressings and processes for their preparation are disclosed employing a unique combination of microcrystalline cellulose, cold water swelling starch and gum to provide excellent fat-like properties.