Abstract: A mechanism is provided for forming a nanodevice. A reservoir is filled with a conductive fluid, and a membrane is formed to separate the reservoir in the nanodevice. The membrane includes an electrode layer having a tunneling junction formed therein. The membrane is formed to have a nanopore formed through one or more other layers of the membrane such that the nanopore is aligned with the tunneling junction of the electrode layer. The tunneling junction of the electrode layer is narrowed to a narrowed size by electroplating or electroless deposition. When a voltage is applied to the electrode layer, a tunneling current is generated by a base in the tunneling junction to be measured as a current signature for distinguishing the base. When an organic coating is formed on an inside surface of the tunneling junction, transient bonds are formed between the electrode layer and the base.

Abstract: A method for preparing semiconductor nanocrystals includes reacting one or more semiconductor nanocrystal precursors in a liquid medium in the presence of a boronic compound at a reaction temperature resulting in semiconductor nanocrystals. Semiconductor nanocrystals are also disclosed.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided for forming a nanodevice. A reservoir is filled with a conductive fluid, and a membrane is formed to separate the reservoir in the nanodevice. The membrane includes an electrode layer having a tunneling junction formed therein. The membrane is formed to have a nanopore formed through one or more other layers of the membrane such that the nanopore is aligned with the tunneling junction of the electrode layer. The tunneling junction of the electrode layer is narrowed to a narrowed size by electroplating or electroless deposition. When a voltage is applied to the electrode layer, a tunneling current is generated by a base in the tunneling junction to be measured as a current signature for distinguishing the base. When an organic coating is formed on an inside surface of the tunneling junction, transient bonds are formed between the electrode layer and the base.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for depositing materials on both side of a web while it passes a substantially vertical direction are provided. In particular embodiments, a web does not contact any hardware components during the deposition. A web may be supported before and after the deposition chamber but not inside the deposition chamber. At such support points, the web may be exposed to different conditions (e.g., temperature) than during the deposition.

Abstract: A method includes: coating a composition for forming a PZT ferroelectric film not containing Nb on a lower electrode 11 formed on a substrate 10, prebaking the composition, and baking the composition to be crystallized and to thereby form a crystallization promoting layer 12 having a thickness 45 to 90 nm thereon; coating a composition for forming a PNbZT-based ferroelectric film, containing 4 to 10 at % of Nb in 100 at % of all the perovskite B site atoms (Zr, Ti) contained in the composition, on the formed crystallization promoting layer 12 to form a coating film 13a of PNbZT thereon; and pre-baking the coating film 13a and then baking the coating film 13a to be crystallized and to thereby form a PNbZT ferroelectric thin film on the lower electrode 11.

Abstract: A PZT-based ferroelectric thin film is formed by coating a PZT-based ferroelectric thin film-forming composition on a lower electrode of a substrate one or two or more times, pre-baking the composition, and baking the composition to be crystallized, and this thin film includes PZT-based particles having an average particle size in a range of 500 nm to 3000 nm when measured on a surface of the thin film, in which heterogeneous fine particles having an average particle size of 20 nm or less, which are different from the PZT-based particles, are precipitated on a part or all of the grain boundaries on the surface of the thin film.

Abstract: A method is described to prepare a cathode material for high energy density rechargeable lithium ion batteries based on H2V3O8 with improved cycling stability by means of a surface modification produced at low temperature in aqueous media. The battery comprises a stack composed by an anode, an electrolytic layer, a separator and a cathode, whose material is based on a mixture of carbon black LixH2-xV3O8 modified by an aluminum hydroxide coating achieved in a one pot multistep reaction using aluminum in an amount comprised between 0.5 wt % and 10 wt %.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vapour deposition process for the preparation of a phosphate compound, wherein the process comprises providing each component element of the phosphate compound as a vapour, and co-depositing the component element vapours on a common substrate, wherein the component elements react on the substrate to form the phosphate compound.

Abstract: An electrode structure and its method of manufacture are disclosed. The disclosed electrode structures may be manufactured by depositing a first release layer on a first carrier substrate. A first protective layer may be deposited on a surface of the first release layer and a first electroactive material layer may then be deposited on the first protective layer.

Abstract: A battery with a sulfur-containing cathode, an anode, and a separator between the cathode and the anode has a coating comprising a single-lithium ion conductor on at least one of the cathode or the separator.

Abstract: A composition for use in a battery electrode including lithium-sulfur particles coated with a transition metal species bonded to a sulfur species. Methods and materials for preparing such a composition. Use of such a compound in a battery.

Abstract: A Li-ion battery is disclosed, the Li-ion battery including an anode, a cathode, a lithium donor formed from a Li-containing material, and an electrolyte in communication with the anode, the cathode, and the lithium donor. The lithium donor may be incorporated into the anode, incorporated into the cathode, a layer formed on either an anode side or a cathode side of a separator of the battery. The lithium donor is formed from Li-containing material insensitive to oxygen and aqueous moisture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cathode of a lithium-ion battery having a conductive substrate, a first layer covering at least a portion of the conductive substrate comprising a pretreatment composition comprising a Group IIIB and/or Group IV metal, and a second layer covering at least a portion of the conductive substrate and first layer, the second layer comprising a coating composition comprising a lithium-containing compound. Also disclosed is method for treating a battery cathode and a battery having the treated cathode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing transparent conductive oxides, comprising the following steps in the sequence of a-b-c: (a) reaction of at least one starting compound (A) comprising at least one metal or semimetal M and optionally of a dopant (D) comprising at least one doping element M?, where at least one M? is different than M, in the presence of a block copolymer (B) and of a solvent (C) to form a composite material (K), (b) optional application of the composite material (K) to a substrate (S) and (c) heating of the composite material (K) to a temperature of at least 350° C., wherein the block copolymer (B) comprises at least one alkylene oxide block (AO) and at least one isobutylene block (IB). The present invention further relates to the transparent conductive oxides thus obtainable, and to their use in electronic components, as an electrode material and as a material for antistatic applications.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing an electronic component, when conductive paste used to form outer electrodes is applied to a component body, a side surface of the component body is subjected to an affinity-reducing process to reduce an affinity for solvent, and then an end surface of the component body is dipped into the conductive paste. Accordingly, spreading of the conductive paste stops at ridge portions of the component body, and the conductive paste is applied to a large thickness. After that, the end surface of the component body is dipped deeper into the conductive paste. Also in this step, the affinity-reducing process prevents upward spreading of the conductive paste along the side surface.

Abstract: Provided is nano thermoelectric powder with a core-shell structure. Specifically, the nano thermoelectric powder of the core-shell structure of the present invention forms coating layer on the surface of nano powder prior to sintering of the nano powder. An advantage of some aspects of the present invention is that it provides thermoelectric elements having reduced thermal conductivity and enhanced thermoelectric efficiency without affecting electrical conductivity using the nano thermoelectric powder with the core-shell structure.

Abstract: A method for making a modified current collector of a lithium ion battery is provided. In the method, the modifier and a metal plate are provided. The modifier is a mixture of a phosphorus source having a phosphate radical, a trivalent aluminum source, and a metallic oxide provided in a liquid phase solvent. The modifier is coated on a surface of the metal plate to form a coating layer. The coated metal plate is heat treated to transform the coating layer into a protective film formed on the surface of the metal plate.

Abstract: A new battery configuration and process are detailed. The battery cell includes a solid electrolyte configured with an engineered metallization layer that distributes sodium across the surface of the electrolyte extending the active area of the cathode in contact with the anode during operation. The metallization layer enhances performance, efficiency, and capacity of sodium batteries at intermediate temperatures at or below about 200° C.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an IBIIIAVIA-group amorphous compound used for thin-film solar cells is provided. A mixture solution including elements of Group IB, IIIA, VIA or combinations thereof is provided. The mixture solution is heated and filtered. IBIIIAVIA-group amorphous powders are acquired after drying the heated and filtered mixture solution.

Abstract: Battery systems using coated conversion materials as the active material in battery cathodes are provided herein. Protective coatings may be an oxide, phosphate, or fluoride, and may be lithiated. The coating may selectively isolate the conversion material from the electrolyte. Methods for fabricating batteries and battery systems with coated conversion material are also provided herein.

Abstract: CIGS absorber layers fabricated using coated semiconducting nanoparticles and/or quantum dots are disclosed. Core nanoparticles and/or quantum dots containing one or more elements from group 13 and/or IIIA and/or VIA may be coated with one or more layers containing elements group IB, IIIA or VIA. Using nanoparticles with a defined surface area, a layer thickness could be tuned to give the proper stoichiometric ratio, and/or crystal phase, and/or size, and/or shape. The coated nanoparticles could then be placed in a dispersant for use as an ink, paste, or paint. By appropriate coating of the core nanoparticles, the resulting coated nanoparticles can have the desired elements intermixed within the size scale of the nanoparticle, while the phase can be controlled by tuning the stoichiometry, and the stoichiometry of the coated nanoparticle may be tuned by controlling the thickness of the coating(s).

Abstract: Disclosed are a cathode active material for lithium secondary batteries, a method for preparing the same, and lithium secondary batteries comprising the same. The cathode active material for lithium secondary batteries comprises a lithium metal oxide secondary particle core formed by aggregation of a plurality of lithium metal oxide primary particles; a first shell formed by coating the surface of the secondary particle core with a plurality of barium titanate particles and a plurality of metal oxide particles; and a second shell formed by coating the surface of the first shell with a plurality of olivine-type lithium iron phosphate oxide particles and a plurality of conductive material particles. The cathode active material for lithium secondary batteries allows manufacture of lithium secondary batteries having excellent thermal stability, high-temperature durability and overcharge safety.

Abstract: A method for making a composite of cobalt oxide is disclosed. An aluminum nitrate solution is provided. Lithium cobalt oxide particles are introduced into the aluminum nitrate solution. The lithium cobalt oxide particles are mixed with the aluminum nitrate solution to form a mixture. A phosphate solution is added into the mixture to react with the aluminum nitrate solution and form an aluminum phosphate layer on surfaces of the lithium cobalt oxide particles. The lithium cobalt oxide particles with the aluminum phosphate layer formed on the surfaces thereof are heat treated to form a lithium cobalt oxide composite. The lithium cobalt oxide composite is electrochemical lithium-deintercalated at a voltage of Vx, wherein 4.5V<Vx?5V to form a cobalt oxide. The present disclosure also relates to a cobalt oxide and a composite of cobalt oxide.

Abstract: An electrically-insulative coating for minimizing an electrical conductivity of a metal substrate includes a polymer component formed from a monomer precursor, and a powder component substantially dispersed in the polymer component. The powder component is present in the electrically-insulative coating in an amount of from about 5 parts to about 80 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the electrically-insulative coating. The electrically-insulative coating does not substantially degrade when exposed to from about 100 V to about 330 V at a temperature of from about ?50 ° C. to about 500 ° C., and has a dielectric strength of at least about 2,000 VAC/mil. An electrically-insulative coating system and a method of forming an electrically-insulative coating on a metal substrate are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a copper thick film paste composition paste comprising copper powder, a Pb-free, Bi-free and Cd-free borosilicate glass frit, a component selected from the group consisting of ruthenium-based powder, copper oxide powder and mixtures thereof and an organic vehicle. The invention also provides methods of using the copper thick film paste composition to make a copper conductor on a substrate. Typical substrates are selected from the group consisting of aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide and silicon nitride.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to protected metal anode architecture and method of making the same, providing a protected metal anode architecture comprising a metal anode; and a composite protection film formed over and in direct contact with the metal anode, wherein the metal anode comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of an alkaline metal and an alkaline earth metal, and the composite protection film comprises particles of an inorganic compound dispersed throughout a matrix of an organic compound. The present disclosure also provides a method of forming a protected metal anode architecture.

Abstract: A method of making a conductive article includes depositing on a substrate a metal nanoparticle composition having water, silver nanoparticles dispersed in the water and a water-soluble polymer having both carboxylic acid and sulfonic acid groups. The weight percentage of silver in the composition is greater than 10%. The metal nanoparticle composition is dried. The dried metal nanoparticle composition is converted to improve the electrical conductivity of the dried metal nanoparticle composition.

Abstract: Provided is a continuous process for preparing a high quality and high performance iron electrode. The process comprises preparing a formulation comprising an iron active material and a binder and coating a continuous substrate material on a least one side with the formulation. The coated continuous substrate material is dried, compacted and blanked. A tab is then attached to the electrode.

Abstract: Compositions containing certain organometallic oligomers suitable for use as spin-on, metal hardmasks are provided, where such compositions can be tailored to provide a metal oxide hardmask having a range of etch selectivity. Also provided are methods of depositing metal oxide hardmasks using the present compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bioelectrode including a cross-linkable organometallic polymer, and to a method for manufacturing same, and more particularly, to an electrode in which a nanostructure of the organometallic polymer is controlled to be used in bio fuel cells, biosensors, and the like. The electrode according to the present invention includes an organometal and further includes a self-assembling block copolymer and enzyme, and provides usages in bio fuel cells and biosensors.

Abstract: A highly conductive wet coating composition including a molten salt and a highly conductive thin film prepared therefrom is provided. The highly conductive wet coating composition can be coated at room temperature and the thin film prepared therefrom has a good thin film characteristic and high conductivity.

Abstract: An electrode material for use in an electrochemical cell, like a lithium-ion battery, is provided. The electrode material may be a negative electrode comprising graphite, silicon, silicon-alloys, or tin-alloys, for example. By avoiding deposition of transition metals, the battery substantially avoids charge capacity fade during operation. The surface coating is particularly useful with negative electrodes to minimize or prevent deposition of transition metals thereon in the electrochemical cell. The coating has a thickness of less than or equal to about 40 nm. Methods for making such materials and using such coatings to minimize transition metal deposition in electrochemical cells are likewise provided.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention are directed to a method for forming a hybrid structure. Initially, a wire is received and an encapsulating film is deposited on the wire. Subsequently, the wire is selectively removed to leave a hollow tube formed of the encapsulating film. A plurality of active particles are then placed into the hollow tube by immersing the hollow tube in a suspension comprising the plurality of active particles and a liquid. Lastly, the hollow tube and the plurality of active particles therein are removed from the suspension and allowed to dry so as to form a cluster of active particles at least partially encapsulated by the encapsulating film.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatus and methods for forming particles of cathode active materials with a thin protective coating layer. The thin protective coating layer improves cycle and safety performance of the cathode active material. A coating precursor may be added at various stages during formation of the particles of cathode active materials. The thin layer of chemical may be a complete coating or a partial coating. The coating may include a thin layer of chemicals, such as an oxide, to improve cycle performance and safety performance of the cathode active material.

Abstract: A method of making a micro-channel structure and applying a curable ink to the micro-channel structure includes providing a substrate and depositing a single layer of a curable polymer on the substrate, the single curable layer having a layer thickness. One or more micro-channels adapted to receive curable ink are embossed into the single curable layer, the micro-channels having a micro-channel thickness that is in a range of two microns to ten microns less than the layer thickness. The single curable layer is cured to form a single cured layer so that deformations of the micro-channels or the surface of the single cured layer are reduced. Curable ink is coated over the surface and micro-channels of the single cured layer. The curable ink is removed from the surface of the single cured layer and the curable ink is cured.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a non-firing type electrode comprising steps of: (A) applying on a substrate a conductive paste comprising, (a) a conductive powder comprising, (i) a first conductive powder having Young's modulus of 60×109 Pa or higher; and (ii) a second conductive powder having Young's modulus of 5×109 to 50×109 Pa; and (b) an organic vehicle, (B) heating the applied conductive paste at 50 to 350° C. to form an electrode; and (C) pressing the electrode at 10 to 1000 kN/m2 of plane surface pressure or at 5 to 300 kN/m of linear pressure.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery having a core portion and a shell layer is employed in which the core portion is represented by Lix1M1y1Pz1O4 (where, M1 represents an element such as Mg, Ca, Fe or Mn, and the letters x1, y1 and z1 representing composition ratios are respectively such that 0<x1<2, 0<y1<1.5 and 0.9<z1<1.1), the shell layer is composed of one or more layers represented by Lix2M2y2Pz2O4 (where, M2 represents one type or two or more types of elements selected from the group consisting of Mg, Fe, Ni, Co and Al, and the letters x2, y2 and z2 representing composition ratios are respectively such that 0<x2<2, 0<y2<1.5 and 0.9<z2<1.1).

Abstract: A material and method for producing mesostructured materials with multiple functionalities that are independently adjustable and collectively optimizable is provided. The method uses a series of discrete synthesis steps under otherwise mutually incompatible conditions, e.g., from acidic, alkaline, and/or non-aqueous solutions, allows different functionalities to be introduced to the materials and optimized. To illustrate the method, cubic mesoporous silica films were prepared from strongly acidic solutions that were separately functionalized under highly alkaline conditions to incorporate hydrophilic aluminosilica moieties and under non-aqueous conditions to introduce perfluorosulfonic-acid surface groups.

Abstract: A plasmonic optical device is provided operating in near ultra violet (UV) and visible wavelengths of light. The optical device is made from a substrate and nanoparticles. The nanoparticles have a core with a negative real value relative permittivity of absolute value greater than 10 in a first range of wavelengths including near UV and visible wavelengths of light, and a shell with an imaginary relative permittivity of less than 5 in the first range of wavelengths. A dielectric overlies the substrate, and is embedded with the nanoparticles. If the substrate is reflective, a reflective optical filter is formed. If the substrate is transparent, the filter is transmissive. In one aspect, the dielectric is a tunable medium (e.g., liquid crystal) having an index of refraction responsive to an electric field. The tunable medium is interposed between a first electrode and a second electrode.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing a magnetic particle, which comprises attaching a transition metal-containing organic compound to a surface of a hard magnetic particle and then thermally decomposing the transition metal-containing organic compound to obtain the magnetic particle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a method for preparing the same, and a lithium secondary battery including the same, and provides a cathode active material including: a lithium manganese-excess layered structure composite oxide represented by Formula Li[Lix-z(NiaCobMnc)1-x]O2-yFy (here, a+b+c=1, 0.05?x?0.33, 0?y?0.08, and 0<z?0.05); a metal fluoride coating layer coated on a surface of the composite oxide; and a metal phosphate coating layer coated on the metal fluoride coating layer.

Abstract: A palladium first composition is disclosed, including a palladium salt and an unsaturated organoamine, wherein the composition is substantially free of water, and wherein the first composition forms a second composition including stable palladium nanoparticles and a palladium unsaturated organoamine. The composition permits the use of solution processing methods to form a palladium layer on a wide variety of substrates, including in a pattern to form circuitry or pathways for electronic devices.

Abstract: A palladium first composition is disclosed, including a palladium salt and an unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein the composition is substantially free of water, and wherein the first composition forms a second composition including stable palladium nanoparticles and a palladium unsaturated carboxylate. The composition permits the use of solution processing methods to form a palladium layer on a wide variety of substrates, including in a pattern to form circuitry or pathways for electronic devices.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a head transducer and a resistive temperature sensor provided on the head transducer. The resistive temperature sensor comprises a first layer comprising a conductive material and having a temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) and a second layer comprising at least one of a specular layer and a seed layer. A method is disclosed to fabricate such sensor with a laminated thin film structure to achieve a large TCR. The thicknesses of various layers in the laminated thin film are in the range of few to a few tens of nanometers. The combinations of the deliberately optimized multilayer thin film structures and the fabrication of such films at the elevated temperatures are disclosed to obtain the large TCR.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for an adhesive metal nitride layer on glass. In one aspect, a glass substrate having a surface is provided. A via with a depth to width aspect ratio of 5 to 1 or greater extends at least partially through the glass substrate. An adhesive metal nitride layer is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate and on one or more interior surfaces of the via. The adhesive metal nitride layer includes at least one of titanium nitride and tantalum nitride.

Abstract: Disclosed is a metal pattern composition including a conductive metal or a conductive metal precursor compound, and a carboxylic acid-amine base ion pair salt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to particles which have been modified by a modifier and a dispersion medium comprising the modified particles.

Abstract: A method of depositing material onto a base portion of a wafer is disclosed. The method includes forming a bevel into a portion of a surface of the base portion of the wafer and depositing a first layer of conductive material onto the beveled portion of the base portion so that part of the first layer includes a wedge shape above the surface of the base portion. A second layer of conductive material is deposited onto the base portion including the portion of the base portion onto which the first layer of material is deposited.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, compositions are described which are useful, for example, for the preparation of metal-clad laminate structures, methods for the preparation thereof, and various uses therefor. Invention metal-clad laminate structures are useful, for example, in the multi-layer board (MLB) industry, in the preparation of burn-in test boards and high reliability boards, in applications where low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is beneficial, in the preparation of boards used in down-hole drilling, and the like.

Abstract: Stabilized lithium particles include a lithium-containing core and a coating of a complex lithium salt that surrounds and encapsulates the core. The coating, which is a barrier to oxygen and water, enables the particles to be handled in the open air and incorporated directly into electrochemical devices. The coating material is compatible, for example, with electrolytic materials that are used in electrochemical cells. The average coated particle size is less than 500 microns.